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Gusakova AM, Suslova TE, Kercheva MA, Kologrivova IV, Ryabova TR, Ryabov VV. Association of increased oncostatin M with adverse left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction. J Med Biochem 2022; 41:441-449. [PMID: 36381070 PMCID: PMC9618334 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-37150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study of laboratory biomarkers that reflect the development of adverse cardiovascular events in the postinfarction period is of current relevance. The aim of the present study was evaluation of oncostatin M (OSM) concentration changes in the early and late stages of myocardial infarction and evaluation of the possibility of its use in prediction of adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-elevated segment (STEMI). Methods The study involved 31 patients with STEMI admitted in the first 24 hours after the onset of MI and 30 patients with chronic coronary artery disease as a control group. Echocardiographic study was performed on day 3 and in 6 months after STEMI. The serum levels of biomarkers were evaluated on the day of hospital admission and 6 months after MI using multiplex immunoassay. Results OSM level increased during the first 24 h after the onset of the disease, with the following decrease in 6 months. OSM concentration at admission had correlated with echocardiography parameters and Nt-proBNP, troponin I, CK-MB levels. Our study has demonstrated association of the increased levels of OSM at the early stages of STEMI with development of the adverse LV remodeling in 6 months after the event. Conclusions Elevation of OSM levels in the first 24 h after STEMI is associated with the development of the adverse LV remodeling in the long-term post-infarction period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Gusakova
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana E. Suslova
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Maria A. Kercheva
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Kologrivova
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tamara R. Ryabova
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav V. Ryabov
- Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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Jiang YL, Niu S, Lin Z, Li L, Yang P, Rao P, Yang L, Jiang L, Sun L. Injectable hydrogel with dual-sensitive behavior for targeted delivery of oncostatin M to improve cardiac restoration after myocardial infarction. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6514-6531. [PMID: 35997155 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers human health and complex pathophysiology (e.g., coronary artery obstruction, myocardial apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, etc.) is involved. Therein, the loss of cardiomyocytes after MI in adults leads to gradual heart failure, which probably brings irreparable damage to the patient. Unfortunately, due to a cluster of limitations, currently used MI repair approaches always exhibit simple functions, low efficiency, and can hardly match the myocardial ischemia environment and clinical needs. In this study, we selected oncostatin M (OSM), a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 family that possesses an important role in cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, cell proliferation, and regulation of inflammatory processes. Moreover, an injectable hydrogel with pH- and temperature-responsive behavior that can react with the acidic microenvironment of the ischemic myocardium was developed to deliver OSM locally. The functional hydrogel (poly (chitosan-co-citric acid-co-N-isopropyl acrylamide), P(CS-CA-NIPAM)) was fabricated by the facile reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and can be injected into the lesion site directly. After the gelation in situ, the OSM-loaded hydrogel exhibited continuous and localized release of OSM in response to specific pH and changes in MI rats, thereby accelerating angiogenesis and proliferation of cardiomyocytes, inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and improving cardiac function effectively. This study may provide a new perspective for the application of dual-sensitive hydrogels clinically, especially in tissue engineering for MI repair and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Shiwei Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Limei Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Peng Rao
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Lihong Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Innovative Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650100, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
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Rathod S, Khan F, Kolte A, Gupta M, Chari S, Gonde N. Quantitative analysis of oncostatin M levels in chronic periodontitis patients. JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL DENTAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jicdro.jicdro_51_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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West NR. Coordination of Immune-Stroma Crosstalk by IL-6 Family Cytokines. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1093. [PMID: 31156640 PMCID: PMC6529849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells are a subject of rapidly growing immunological interest based on their ability to influence virtually all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Present in every bodily tissue, stromal cells complement the functions of classical immune cells by sensing pathogens and tissue damage, coordinating leukocyte recruitment and function, and promoting immune response resolution and tissue repair. These diverse roles come with a price: like classical immune cells, inappropriate stromal cell behavior can lead to various forms of pathology, including inflammatory disease, tissue fibrosis, and cancer. An important immunological function of stromal cells is to act as information relays, responding to leukocyte-derived signals and instructing leukocyte behavior in kind. In this regard, several members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, including IL-6, IL-11, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), have gained recognition as factors that mediate crosstalk between stromal and immune cells, with diverse roles in numerous inflammatory and homeostatic processes. This review summarizes our current understanding of how IL-6 family cytokines control stromal-immune crosstalk in health and disease, and how these interactions can be leveraged for clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R West
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, United States
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Oncostatin M Mediates Adipocyte Expression and Secretion of Stromal-Derived Factor 1. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8010019. [PMID: 30909581 PMCID: PMC6466249 DOI: 10.3390/biology8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue homeostasis depends on interactions between stromal cells, adipocytes, and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. The gp130 cytokine, oncostatin M (OSM), plays a role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Mice, lacking the OSM receptor (OSMR) in adipocytes (OsmrFKO mice), exhibit derangements in adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, and immune cell balance. Here, we describe a possible role for the chemokine stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in these alterations. We treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with OSM and observed a suppression of SDF-1 gene expression and protein secretion, an effect which was partially blunted by OSMR knockdown. However, OsmrFKO mice also exhibited decreased SDF-1 gene and protein expression in adipose tissue. These contrasting results suggest that the loss of adipocyte OSM–OSMR signaling in vivo may be indirectly affecting adipokine production and secretion by altering OSM target genes to ultimately decrease SDF-1 expression in the OsmrFKO mouse. We conclude that adipocyte OSM–OSMR signaling plays a role in adipose tissue SDF-1 production and may mitigate its effects on adipose tissue homeostasis.
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Botelho FM, Rodrigues R, Guerette J, Wong S, Fritz DK, Richards CD. Extracellular Matrix and Fibrocyte Accumulation in BALB/c Mouse Lung upon Transient Overexpression of Oncostatin M. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020126. [PMID: 30764496 PMCID: PMC6406700 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of extracellular matrix in lung diseases involves numerous factors, including cytokines and chemokines that participate in cell activation in lung tissues and the circulation of fibrocytes that contribute to local fibrotic responses. The transient overexpression of the gp130 cytokine Oncostatin M can induce extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in mouse lungs, and here, we assess a role for IL-13 in this activity using gene deficient mice. The endotracheal administration of an adenovirus vector encoding Oncostatin M (AdOSM) caused increases in parenchymal lung collagen accumulation, neutrophil numbers, and CXCL1/KC chemokine elevation in bronchioalveolar lavage fluids. These effects were similar in IL-13-/- mice at day 7; however, the ECM matrix induced by Oncostatin M (OSM) was reduced at day 14 in the IL-13-/- mice. CD45+col1+ fibrocyte numbers were elevated at day 7 due to AdOSM whereas macrophages were not. Day 14 levels of CD45+col1+ fibrocytes were maintained in the wildtype mice treated with AdOSM but were reduced in IL-13-/- mice. The expression of the fibrocyte chemotactic factor CXCL12/SDF-1 was suppressed marginally by AdOSM in vivo and significantly in vitro in mouse lung fibroblast cell cultures. Thus, Oncostatin M can stimulate inflammation in an IL-13-independent manner in BALB/c lungs; however, the ECM remodeling and fibrocyte accumulation is reduced in IL-13 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M Botelho
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Hashmi S, Ahmad HR. Molecular switch model for cardiomyocyte proliferation. CELL REGENERATION 2019; 8:12-20. [PMID: 31205684 PMCID: PMC6557755 DOI: 10.1016/j.cr.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review deals with the human adult cardiomyocyte proliferation as a potential source for heart repair after injury. The mechanism to regain the proliferative capacity of adult cardiomyocytes is a challenge. However, recent studies are promising in showing that the ‘locked’ cell cycle of adult cardiomyocytes could be released through modulation of cell cycle checkpoints. In support of this are the signaling pathways of Notch, Hippo, Wnt, Akt and Jak/Stat that facilitate or inhibit the transition at cell cycle checkpoints. Cyclins and cyclin dependant kinases (CDKs) facilitate this transition which in turn is regulated by inhibitory action of pocket protein e.g. p21, p27 and p57. Transcription factors e.g. E2F, GATA4, TBx20 up regulate Cyclin A, A2, D, E, and CDK4 as promoters of cell cycle and Meis-1 and HIF-1 alpha down regulate cyclin D and E to inhibit the cell cycle. Paracrine factors like Neuregulin-1, IGF-1 and Oncostatin M and Extracellular Matrix proteins like Agrin have been involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation and dedifferentiation processes. A molecular switch model is proposed that transforms the post mitotic cell into an actively dividing cell. This model shows how the cell cycle is regulated through on- and off switch mechanisms through interaction of transcription factors and signaling pathways with proteins of the cell cycle checkpoints. Signals triggered by injury may activate the right combination of the various pathways that can ‘switch on’ the proliferation signals leading to myocardial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satwat Hashmi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi
| | - H R Ahmad
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi
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West NR, Owens BMJ, Hegazy AN. The oncostatin M-stromal cell axis in health and disease. Scand J Immunol 2018; 88:e12694. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R. West
- Department of Cancer Immunology; Genentech; South San Francisco California
| | - Benjamin M. J. Owens
- Somerville College; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
- EUSA Pharma; Hemel Hempstead UK
| | - Ahmed N. Hegazy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, and Rheumatology; Charité Universitätsmedizin; Berlin Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum; ein Institut der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Berlin Germany
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Mechanism of prostaglandin E 2-induced transcriptional up-regulation of Oncostatin-M by CREB and Sp1. Biochem J 2018; 475:477-494. [PMID: 29269396 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin-M (OSM) is a pleotropic cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 family. Differential expression of OSM in response to varying stimuli and exhibiting repertoire of functions in different cells renders it challenging to study the mechanism of its expression. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) transcriptionally increased osm levels. In silico studies of ∼1 kb upstream of osm promoter region yielded the presence of CRE (cyclic AMP response element)-like sites at the distal end (CREosm). Deletion and point mutation of CREosm clearly indicated that this region imparted an important role in PGE2-mediated transcription. Nuclear protein(s) from PGE2-treated U937 cells, bound to this region, was identified as CRE-binding protein (CREB). CREB was phosphorylated on treatment and was found to be directly associated with CREosm The presence of cofactors p300 and CREB-binding protein in the complex was confirmed. A marked decrease in CREB phosphorylation, binding and transcriptional inhibition on treatment with PKA (protein kinase A) inhibitor, H89 (N-[2-[[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propenyl]amino]ethyl]-5-soquinolinesulfonamide), revealed the role of phosphorylated CREB in osm transcription. Additionally, other nuclear protein(s) were specifically associated with the proximal GC region (GCosm) post PGE2 treatment, later confirmed to be specificity protein 1 (Sp1). Interestingly, Sp1 bound to the proximal osm promoter was found to be associated with phospho-CREB-p300 complex bound to the distal osm promoter. Knockdown of Sp1 abrogated the expression and functionality of OSM. Thus, the present study conclusively proves that these transcription factors, bound at the distal and proximal promoter elements are found to associate with each other in a DNA-dependent manner and both are responsible for the PGE2-mediated transcriptional up-regulation of Oncostatin-M.
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Matsuoka S, Uematsu M, Nakamura T, Shimizu T, Futamata M, Obata JE, Fujioka D, Nakamura K, Yoshizaki T, Kugiyama K. High levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1α predict secondary cardiac events in stable patients with a history of myocardial infarction. J Cardiol 2017; 69:320-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhang X, Ma S, Zhang R, Li S, Zhu D, Han D, Li X, Li C, Yan W, Sun D, Xu B, Wang Y, Cao F. Oncostatin M-induced cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation regulates the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy through B-Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:257-65. [PMID: 26837420 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that oncostatin M (OSM) could initiate cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation both in vivo and in vitro. OSM-induced cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation might be a new target for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study was designed to determine the role of OSM in cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and the progression of DCM. A mouse DCM model was established to evaluate the effects of OSM in vivo. Echocardiography was applied to determine cardiac function. Sirius red staining was used to detect fibrosis area. Transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate mitochondria impairment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were performed to detect relative mRNA expressions and cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation-related protein expressions, respectively. OSM treatment induced similar impaired cardiac function and cardiac ultrastructure impairment to those detected in DCM mice. The expressions of dedifferentiation markers of cardiomyocyte (Runx1, and α-SM-actin) were up-regulated in the OSM-treated mice compared with those in the control group. To further demonstrate the important role of OSM, OSM receptor knockout (Oβ(ko)) mice were used. In Oβ(ko) mice, cardiomyocytes dedifferentiation markers of c-kit, Runx1, and atrial natriuretic peptide were down-regulated, with attenuated DCM injury and abrogated OSM/B-Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway. In conclusion, OSM-induced cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation plays a crucial role in the progression of DCM. The mechanism of OSM-induced cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation is associated with B-Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway through the OSM receptor Oβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Congye Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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OSM Enhances Angiogenesis and Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:317905. [PMID: 26146616 PMCID: PMC4471304 DOI: 10.1155/2015/317905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) has been reported to stimulate angiogenesis by upregulating VEGF and bFGF, implying that it could be a therapeutic strategy in treating ischemic diseases. The present study was aimed at investigating whether OSM could improve cardiac function via prompting angiogenesis following myocardial infarction (MI). Wild type (WT) and Oβ knock-out (Oβ−/−) mice were, respectively, randomized into sham group, MI + vehicle group, and MI + OSM group. WT mice displayed significantly impaired cardiac function after MI. OSM treatment attenuated cardiac dysfunction in WT MI mice, while Oβ deletion abrogated the protective effects. Besides, OSM attenuated heart hypertrophy and pulmonary congestion evidenced by decreased heart weight/body weight and lung weight/body weight ratio. Further, reduction of apoptosis and fibrosis in infarct border zone was observed in OSM treated WT MI mice compared with vehicle. Moreover, in WT mice subjected to MI, OSM treatment significantly increased capillary density along with upregulation of p-Akt and angiogenic factors VEGF and bFGF in comparison with vehicle, and this phenomenon was not found in Oβ−/− mice. In conclusion, OSM treatment preserved cardiac function, inhibited apoptosis and fibrosis, and stimulated angiogenesis via upregulating VEGF and bFGF in infarct border zone of ischemic myocardium, indicating that OSM could be a novel therapeutic target for MI.
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Sun D, Li S, Wu H, Zhang M, Zhang X, Wei L, Qin X, Gao E. Oncostatin M (OSM) protects against cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic mice by regulating apoptosis, mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin sensitivity. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1296-307. [PMID: 25752217 PMCID: PMC4459845 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) exhibits many unique biological activities by activating Oβ receptor. However, its role in myocardial I/R injury in diabetic mice remains unknown. The involvement of OSM was assessed in diabetic mice which underwent myocardial I/R injury by OSM treatment or genetic deficiency of OSM receptor Oβ. Its mechanism on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin sensitivity were further studied. OSM alleviated cardiac I/R injury by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis through inhibition of inositol pyrophosphate 7 (IP7) production, thus activating PI3K/Akt/BAD pathway, decreasing Bax expression while up-regulating Bcl-2 expression and decreasing the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in db/db mice. OSM enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function in db/db mice subjected to cardiac I/R injury. On the contrary, OSM receptor Oβ knockout exacerbated cardiac I/R injury, increased IP7 production, enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose homoeostasis and insulin sensitivity in cardiac I/R injured diabetic mice. Inhibition of IP7 production by TNP (IP6K inhibitor) exerted similar effects of OSM. The mechanism of OSM on cardiac I/R injury in diabetic mice is partly associated with IP7/Akt and adenine mononucleotide protein kinase/PGC-1α pathway. OSM protects against cardiac I/R Injury by regulating apoptosis, insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial biogenesis in diabetic mice through inhibition of IP7 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liping Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medicine Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Beigel F, Friedrich M, Probst C, Sotlar K, Göke B, Diegelmann J, Brand S. Oncostatin M mediates STAT3-dependent intestinal epithelial restitution via increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis and upregulation of SERPIN family members. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93498. [PMID: 24710357 PMCID: PMC3977870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oncostatin M (OSM) is produced by activated T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells and signals through two distinct receptor complexes consisting of gp130 and LIFR (I) or OSMR-β and gp130 (II), respectively. Aim of this study was to analyze the role of OSM in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and intestinal inflammation. Methods OSM expression and OSM receptor distribution was analyzed by PCR and immunohistochemistry experiments, signal transduction by immunoblotting. Gene expression studies were performed by microarray analysis and RT-PCR. Apoptosis was measured by caspases-3/7 activity. IEC migration and proliferation was studied in wounding and water soluble tetrazolium assays. Results The IEC lines Caco-2, DLD-1, SW480, HCT116 and HT-29 express mRNA for the OSM receptor subunits gp130 and OSMR-β, while only HCT116, HT-29 and DLD-1 cells express LIFR mRNA. OSM binding to its receptor complex activates STAT1, STAT3, ERK-1/2, SAPK/JNK-1/2, and Akt. Microarray analysis revealed 79 genes that were significantly up-regulated (adj.-p≤0.05) by OSM in IEC. Most up-regulated genes belong to the functional categories “immunity and defense” (p = 2.1×10−7), “apoptosis” (p = 3.7×10−4) and “JAK/STAT cascade” (p = 3.4×10−6). Members of the SERPIN gene family were among the most strongly up-regulated genes. OSM significantly increased STAT3- and MEK1-dependent IEC cell proliferation (p<0.05) and wound healing (p = 3.9×10−5). OSM protein expression was increased in colonic biopsies of patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Conclusions OSM promotes STAT3-dependent intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing in vitro. Considering the increased OSM expression in colonic biopsy specimens of patients with active IBD, OSM upregulation may modulate a barrier-protective host response in intestinal inflammation. Further in vivo studies are warranted to elucidate the exact role of OSM in intestinal inflammation and the potential of OSM as a drug target in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beigel
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry and Parodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Corina Probst
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Göke
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Diegelmann
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry and Parodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Brand
- Department of Medicine II, University-Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Tong G, Wang N, Zhou Y, Leng J, Gao W, Tong X, Shen Y, Yang J, Ye X, Zhou L, Gao Y. Role of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in Patients With Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Int Heart J 2014; 55:219-27. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.13-289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Ningfu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Jianhang Leng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xiaoshan Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Jianmin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xianhua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Hospital), Nanjing Medical University
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16
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Richards CD. The enigmatic cytokine oncostatin m and roles in disease. ISRN INFLAMMATION 2013; 2013:512103. [PMID: 24381786 PMCID: PMC3870656 DOI: 10.1155/2013/512103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oncostatin M is a secreted cytokine involved in homeostasis and in diseases involving chronic inflammation. It is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines that have pleiotropic functions in differentiation, cell proliferation, and hematopoetic, immunologic, and inflammatory networks. However, Oncostatin M also has activities novel to mediators of this cytokine family and others and may have fundamental roles in mechanisms of inflammation in pathology. Studies have explored Oncostatin M functions in cancer, bone metabolism, liver regeneration, and conditions with chronic inflammation including rheumatoid arthritis, lung and skin inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. This paper will review Oncostatin M biology in a historical fashion and focus on its unique activities, in vitro and in vivo, that differentiate it from other cytokines and inspire further study or consideration in therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl D. Richards
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
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Hoermann G, Cerny-Reiterer S, Sadovnik I, Müllauer L, Bilban M, Gröger M, Horny HP, Reiter A, Schmitt-Graeff A, Mannhalter C, Valent P, Mayerhofer M. Oncostatin M is a FIP1L1/PDGFRA-dependent mediator of cytokine production in chronic eosinophilic leukemia. Allergy 2013; 68:713-23. [PMID: 23621172 DOI: 10.1111/all.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by expansion of neoplastic eosinophils, tissue infiltration, and organ damage. In a subset of these patients, the FIP1L1/PDGFRA (F/P) oncoprotein is detectable. F/P exhibits constitutive tyrosine kinase activity and activates a number of signaling pathways. So far, however, little is known about the role of F/P-dependent proteins in the pathogenesis of CEL. METHODS A screen for F/P-dependent cytokines was performed in growth factor-dependent human cell lines lentivirally transduced with F/P. Signal transduction pathways were characterized in Ba/F3 cells with doxycycline-inducible expression of F/P and in EOL-1 cells. Cytokine expression was confirmed in patients' material by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy. Gene expression analysis, proliferation assays, and chemotaxis assays were used to elucidate paracrine interactions between neoplastic eosinophils and stromal cells. RESULTS We show that F/P upregulates expression of oncostatin M (OSM) in various cell line models in a STAT5-dependent manner. Correspondingly, neoplastic eosinophils in the bone marrow were found to overexpress OSM. OSM derived from F/P + cells stimulated proliferation of stromal cells. Moreover, OSM-containing supernatants from F/P + cells were found to upregulate production of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 in human fibroblasts. SDF-1, in turn, induced migration of EOL-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a F/P-driven paracrine interaction between neoplastic eosinophils and stromal cells that may contribute to tissue fibrosis and accumulation of neoplastic eosinophils in CEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | | | - I. Sadovnik
- Department of Internal Medicine I; Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - L. Müllauer
- Department of Pathology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - M. Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | | | - H.-P. Horny
- Institute of Pathology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich; Germany
| | - A. Reiter
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik; Universitätsmedizin Mannheim; Mannheim; Germany
| | - A. Schmitt-Graeff
- Department of Pathology; Freiburg University Medical Center; Albert-Ludwigs-University; Freiburg; Germany
| | - C. Mannhalter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | | | - M. Mayerhofer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Hanusch-Hospital; Vienna; Austria
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18
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Huang WS, Chen CN, Sze CI, Teng CC. Visfatin induces stromal cell-derived factor-1 expression by β1 integrin signaling in colorectal cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1017-24. [PMID: 23042611 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been shown to be associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Adipokines produced by the adipose tissue are linked to some malignancies, including CRC. Visfatin is an adipokine shown to be a biomarker of CRC malignant potential. In addition, the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) has been reported to play a role in CRC progression. Although the relationship between visfatin and CRC has been established, the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. We investigated the molecular mechanism governing the interaction between visfatin stimulation and SDF-1 expression in human CRC cell lines. We found that visfatin stimulation led to an increase in the expression and secretion of SDF-1 in CRC DLD-1 and SW48 cells. Experiments involving specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA demonstrated that the activation of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are critical for visfatin-induced SDF-1 expression. Analysis of transcription factor binding using ELISA and luciferase reporter assays revealed that visfatin increased NF-κB- and AP-1-DNA-binding activities in DLD-1 cells. Inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 activation blocked the visfatin-induced expression and activity of the SDF-1 promoter. The effect of visfatin on DLD-1 signaling and SDF-1 expression was mediated by β1 integrin. In summary, these findings provide novel insights pertaining to the pathophysiological role of visfatin in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shih Huang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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19
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Drechsler J, Grötzinger J, Hermanns HM. Characterization of the rat oncostatin M receptor complex which resembles the human, but differs from the murine cytokine receptor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43155. [PMID: 22937020 PMCID: PMC3425591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of a pathophysiological role of the interleukin-6-type cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) for human diseases has been complicated by the fact that mouse models of diseases targeting either OSM or the OSM receptor (OSMR) complex cannot fully reflect the human situation. This is due to earlier findings that human OSM utilizes two receptor complexes, glycoprotein 130 (gp130)/leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) (type I) and gp130/OSMR (type II), both with wide expression profiles. Murine OSM on the other hand only binds to the gp130/OSMR (type II) receptor complex with high affinity. Here, we characterize the receptor usage for rat OSM. Using different experimental approaches (knock-down of the OSMR expression by RNA interference, blocking of the LIFR by LIF-05, an antagonistic LIF variant and stably transfected Ba/F3 cells) we can clearly show that rat OSM surprisingly utilizes both, the type I and type II receptor complex, therefore mimicking the human situation. Furthermore, it displays cross-species activities and stimulates cells of human as well as murine origin. Its signaling capacities closely mimic those of human OSM in cell types of different origin in the way that strong activation of the Jak/STAT, the MAP kinase as well as the PI3K/Akt pathways can be observed. Therefore, rat disease models would allow evaluation of the relevance of OSM for human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Drechsler
- From the Rudolf-Virchow-Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heike M. Hermanns
- From the Rudolf-Virchow-Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Kubin T, Pöling J, Kostin S, Gajawada P, Hein S, Rees W, Wietelmann A, Tanaka M, Lörchner H, Schimanski S, Szibor M, Warnecke H, Braun T. Oncostatin M is a major mediator of cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and remodeling. Cell Stem Cell 2012; 9:420-32. [PMID: 22056139 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte remodeling, which includes partial dedifferentiation of cardiomyocytes, is a process that occurs during both acute and chronic disease processes. Here, we demonstrate that oncostatin M (OSM) is a major mediator of cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and remodeling during acute myocardial infarction (MI) and in chronic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Patients suffering from DCM show a strong and lasting increase of OSM expression and signaling. OSM treatment induces dedifferentiation of cardiomyocytes and upregulation of stem cell markers and improves cardiac function after MI. Conversely, inhibition of OSM signaling suppresses cardiomyocyte remodeling after MI and in a mouse model of DCM, resulting in deterioration of heart function after MI but improvement of cardiac performance in DCM. We postulate that dedifferentiation of cardiomyocytes initially protects stressed hearts but fails to support cardiac structure and function upon continued activation. Manipulation of OSM signaling provides a means to control the differentiation state of cardiomyocytes and cellular plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kubin
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, Bad Nauheim, 61321, Germany
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21
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Hoermann G, Cerny-Reiterer S, Herrmann H, Blatt K, Bilban M, Gisslinger H, Gisslinger B, Müllauer L, Kralovics R, Mannhalter C, Valent P, Mayerhofer M. Identification of oncostatin M as a JAK2 V617F-dependent amplifier of cytokine production and bone marrow remodeling in myeloproliferative neoplasms. FASEB J 2011; 26:894-906. [PMID: 22051730 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-193078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The JAK2 mutation V617F is detectable in a majority of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Enforced expression of JAK2 V617F in mice induces myeloproliferation and bone marrow (BM) fibrosis, suggesting a causal role for the JAK2 mutant in the pathogenesis of MPNs. However, little is known about mechanisms and effector molecules contributing to JAK2 V617F-induced myeloproliferation and fibrosis. We show that JAK2 V617F promotes expression of oncostatin M (OSM) in neoplastic myeloid cells. Correspondingly, OSM mRNA levels were increased in the BM of patients with MPNs (median 287% of ABL, range 22-1450%) compared to control patients (median 59% of ABL, range 12-264%; P < 0.0001). OSM secreted by JAK2 V617F+ cells stimulated growth of fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells and induced the production of angiogenic and profibrogenic cytokines (HGF, VEGF, and SDF-1) in BM fibroblasts. All effects of MPN cell-derived OSM were blocked by a neutralizing anti-OSM antibody, whereas the production of OSM in MPN cells was suppressed by a pharmacologic JAK2 inhibitor or RNAi-mediated knockdown of JAK2. In summary, JAK2 V617F-mediated up-regulation of OSM may contribute to fibrosis, neoangiogenesis, and the cytokine storm observed in MPNs, suggesting that OSM might serve as a novel therapeutic target molecule in these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Turner NA, Das A, O’Regan DJ, Ball SG, Porter KE. Human cardiac fibroblasts express ICAM-1, E-selectin and CXC chemokines in response to proinflammatory cytokine stimulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 43:1450-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Turner NA. Therapeutic regulation of cardiac fibroblast function: targeting stress-activated protein kinase pathways. Future Cardiol 2011; 7:673-91. [DOI: 10.2217/fca.11.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inflammation is a key component in cardiovascular disease. Controlling inflammatory events and their subsequent processes holds the potential for novel therapeutic treatment options. Cytokines are the propagators of inflammation. In this review we will discuss important cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, fractalkine, M-CSF and GDF-15, and their effect on cardiac outcome. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shed light on the role of IL-6 in cardiovascular disease. Long-term IL-6 levels are highly associated with coronary heart disease. Molecular studies indicate that a permanent prolongation of STAT signaling in cardiac myocytes might be a potential reason for the detrimental effects of IL-6. TNF-α was long considered to have detrimental effects on myocardial function but recent studies show cardioprotective mechanisms for TNF-α. Macrophage modulating cytokines emerge as interesting molecular targets to treat cardiovascular disease. Especially, the two different subtypes of monocytes, a pro-inflammatory and a reparative subset, and their different chemotactic properties might be possible drug targets. Finally, we discuss GDF-15, which emerges as a novel biomarker in cardiovascular disease reflecting information from several pathological pathways. SUMMARY Cytokines are the main proximal mediators of inflammation and hold the potential of being good molecular targets for novel treatment regimes. Cytokines might be valuable biomarkers, adding information about the pathologic pathways in cardiovascular disease.
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26
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Homing of endogenous stem/progenitor cells for in situ tissue regeneration: Promises, strategies, and translational perspectives. Biomaterials 2011; 32:3189-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rychli K, Niessner A, Hohensinner PJ, Mahdy Ali K, Kaun C, Neuhold S, Zorn G, Richter B, Hülsmann M, Berger R, Mörtl D, Huber K, Maurer G, Pacher R, Wojta J. Prognostic value of pigment epithelium-derived factor in patients with advanced heart failure. Chest 2010; 138:656-64. [PMID: 20435653 DOI: 10.1378/chest.09-2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whereas angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels, may be beneficial in restoring failing myocardium, apoptosis may contribute to the progression of heart failure (HF). We investigated the role of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a recently discovered antiangiogenic factor with additional proapoptotic effects, in patients with advanced HF. METHODS We assayed PEDF levels in 351 patients with advanced HF at baseline. During the median follow-up time of 16 months, 50% of patients experienced the composite end point of rehospitalization and/or death. RESULTS The risk of a clinical event increased with concentrations of the antiangiogenic marker PEDF, with a 1.94-fold higher risk in the third tertile compared with the first tertile (95% CI, 1.33-2.84). This association remained significant after adjustment for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and other risk factors in a Cox regression model (P = .015). Experimental data revealed that PEDF may contribute to the progression of HF by inducing apoptosis in human cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts via activation of caspase 3. CONCLUSIONS We suggest a role of PEDF in the progression of HF by inducing apoptosis of human cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. Our clinical data suggest that PEDF concentrations may have the potential to become a valuable marker of the prognosis of HF, in addition to BNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Rychli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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