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Lu M, Xu Z, Xu F, Yin C, Guo H, Cheng B. Mechanical network motifs as targets for mechanomedicine. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104145. [PMID: 39182599 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The identification and analysis of network motifs has been widely used in the functional analysis of signaling components, disease discovery and other fields. The positive feedback loop (PFL) is a simple but important network motif. The formation of a PFL is regulated by mechanical cues such as substrate stiffness, fiber stretching and cell compression in the cell microenvironment. Here, we propose a new term, 'mechanical PFL', and analyze the mechanisms of mechanical PFLs at molecular, subcellular and cellular scales. More and more therapies are being targeted against mechanosignaling pathways at the experimental and preclinical stages, and exploring mechanical PFLs as potential mechanomedicine targets could be a new direction for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Zhao Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Chunyan Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Bo Cheng
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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Quelquejay H, Al-Rifai R, Silvestro M, Vandestienne M, Ferreira I, Mirault T, Henrion D, Zhong X, Santos-Zas I, Goudot G, Alayrac P, Robidel E, Autret G, Balvay D, Taleb S, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM, Zernecke A, Saliba AE, Hadchouel J, Ramkhelawon B, Cochain C, Bergaya S, Jeunemaitre X, Ait-Oufella H. L-Wnk1 Deletion in Smooth Muscle Cells Causes Aortitis and Inflammatory Shift. Circ Res 2024; 135:488-502. [PMID: 38979610 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long isoform of the Wnk1 (with-no-lysine [K] kinase 1) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase, but its role in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) pathophysiology remains unknown. METHODS AngII (angiotensin II) was infused in Apoe-/- to induce experimental aortic aneurysm. Mice carrying an Sm22-Cre allele were cross-bred with mice carrying a floxed Wnk1 allele to specifically investigate the functional role of Wnk1 in VSMCs. RESULTS Single-cell RNA-sequencing of the aneurysmal abdominal aorta from AngII-infused Apoe-/- mice revealed that VSMCs that did not express Wnk1 showed lower expression of contractile phenotype markers and increased inflammatory activity. Interestingly, WNK1 gene expression in VSMCs was decreased in human abdominal aortic aneurysm. Wnk1-deficient VSMCs lost their contractile function and exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype, characterized by the production of matrix metalloproteases, as well as cytokines and chemokines, which contributed to local accumulation of inflammatory macrophages, Ly6Chi monocytes, and γδ T cells. Sm22Cre+Wnk1lox/lox mice spontaneously developed aortitis in the infrarenal abdominal aorta, which extended to the thoracic area over time without any negative effect on long-term survival. AngII infusion in Sm22Cre+Wnk1lox/lox mice aggravated the aortic disease, with the formation of lethal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Pharmacological blockade of γδ T-cell recruitment using neutralizing anti-CXCL9 (anti-CXC motif chemokine ligand 9) antibody treatment, or of monocyte/macrophage using Ki20227, a selective inhibitor of CSF1 receptor, attenuated aortitis. Wnk1 deletion in VSMCs led to aortic wall remodeling with destruction of elastin layers, increased collagen content, and enhanced local TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) 1 expression. Finally, in vivo TGF-β blockade using neutralizing anti-TGF-β antibody promoted saccular aneurysm formation and aorta rupture in Sm22 Cre+ Wnk1lox/lox mice but not in control animals. CONCLUSION Wnk1 is a key regulator of VSMC function. Wnk1 deletion promotes VSMC phenotype switch toward a pathogenic proinflammatory phenotype, orchestrating deleterious vascular remodeling and spontaneous severe aortitis in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortitis/genetics
- Aortitis/metabolism
- Aortitis/pathology
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Angiotensin II
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Humans
- WNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- WNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Male
- Cells, Cultured
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Disease Models, Animal
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/pathology
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Quelquejay
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Rida Al-Rifai
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Michele Silvestro
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center (M.S., B.R.)
| | - Marie Vandestienne
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Irmine Ferreira
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Tristan Mirault
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Department, Team 2 (CarMe), ICAT SFR (Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques Structure Fédérale de Recherche), University of Angers, Inserm U1083, France (D.H.)
| | - Xiaodan Zhong
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Icia Santos-Zas
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (I.S.-Z.)
| | - Guillaume Goudot
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Paul Alayrac
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Estelle Robidel
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Gwennhael Autret
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Daniel Balvay
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Soraya Taleb
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Alain Tedgui
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Chantal M Boulanger
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany (A.Z., C.C.)
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Würzburg, Germany (A.-E.S.)
| | - Juliette Hadchouel
- Inserm UMRS 1155, Tenon Hospital (J.H.), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Bhama Ramkhelawon
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center (M.S., B.R.)
| | - Clement Cochain
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany (A.Z., C.C.)
| | - Sonia Bergaya
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Xavier Jeunemaitre
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
| | - Hafid Ait-Oufella
- Université de Paris, Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, France (H.Q., R.A.-R., M.V., I.F., T.M., X.Z., I.S.-Z., G.G., P.A., E.R., G.A., D.B., S.T., A.T., C.M.B., S.B., X.J., H.A.-O.)
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP (Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris) (H.A.-O.), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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3
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Streutker EM, Devamoglu U, Vonk MC, Verdurmen WPR, Le Gac S. Fibrosis-on-Chip: A Guide to Recapitulate the Essential Features of Fibrotic Disease. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303991. [PMID: 38536053 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis, which is primarily marked by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, is a pathophysiological process associated with many disorders, which ultimately leads to organ dysfunction and poor patient outcomes. Despite the high prevalence of fibrosis, currently there exist few therapeutic options, and importantly, there is a paucity of in vitro models to accurately study fibrosis. This review discusses the multifaceted nature of fibrosis from the viewpoint of developing organ-on-chip (OoC) disease models, focusing on five key features: the ECM component, inflammation, mechanical cues, hypoxia, and vascularization. The potential of OoC technology is explored for better modeling these features in the context of studying fibrotic diseases and the interplay between various key features is emphasized. This paper reviews how organ-specific fibrotic diseases are modeled in OoC platforms, which elements are included in these existing models, and the avenues for novel research directions are highlighted. Finally, this review concludes with a perspective on how to address the current gap with respect to the inclusion of multiple features to yield more sophisticated and relevant models of fibrotic diseases in an OoC format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Streutker
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Utku Devamoglu
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnoloygy and TechMed Centre, Organ-on-Chip Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon C Vonk
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter P R Verdurmen
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnoloygy and TechMed Centre, Organ-on-Chip Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands
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4
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Dorry S, Perla S, Bennett AM. MAPK Phosphatase-5 is required for TGF-β signaling through a JNK-dependent pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.600976. [PMID: 38979264 PMCID: PMC11230413 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.600976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) constitute members of the dual-specificity family of protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate the MAPKs. MKP-5 dephosphorylates the stress-responsive MAPKs, p38 MAPK and JNK, and has been shown to promote tissue fibrosis. Here, we provide insight into how MKP-5 regulates the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway, a well-established driver of fibrosis. We show that MKP-5-deficient fibroblasts in response to TGF-β are impaired in SMAD2 phosphorylation at canonical and non-canonical sites, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activation of fibrogenic genes. Consistent with this, pharmacological inhibition of MKP-5 is sufficient to block TGF-β signaling, and that this regulation occurs through a JNK-dependent pathway. By utilizing RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis, we identify TGF-β signaling activators regulated by MKP-5 in a JNK-dependent manner, providing mechanistic insight into how MKP-5 promotes TGF-β signaling. This study elucidates a novel mechanism whereby MKP-5-mediated JNK inactivation is required for TGF-β signaling and provides insight into the role of MKP-5 in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Dorry
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sravan Perla
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anton M. Bennett
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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5
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Bhatt HN, Diwan R, Estevao IL, Dong R, Smith J, Xiao C, Agarwal SK, Nurunnabi M. Cadherin-11 targeted cell-specific liposomes enabled skin fibrosis treatment by inducing apoptosis. J Control Release 2024; 370:110-123. [PMID: 38648957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Continuous and aberrant activation of myofibroblasts is the hallmark of pathological fibrosis (e.g., abnormal wound healing). The deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components alters or increases the stiffness of tissue and primarily accounts for multiple organ dysfunctions. Among various proteins, Cadherin-11 (CDH11) has been reported to be overexpressed on myofibroblasts in fibrotic tissues. Anti-apoptotic proteins such as (B cell lymphoma-2) (BCL-2) are also upregulated on myofibroblasts. Therefore, we hypothesize that CDH11 could be a targeted domain for cell-specific drug delivery and targeted inhibition of BCL-2 to ameliorate the development of fibrosis in the skin. To prove our hypothesis, we have developed liposomes (LPS) conjugated with CDH11 neutralizing antibody (antiCDH11) to target cell surface CDH11 and loaded these LPS with a BCL-2 inhibitor, Navitoclax (NAVI), to induce apoptosis of CDH11 expressing fibroblasts. The developed LPS were evaluated for physicochemical characterization, stability, in vitro therapeutic efficacy using dermal fibroblasts, and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis model in mice. The findings from in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that selectivity of LPS was improved towards CDH11 expressing myofibroblasts, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy with no indication of adverse effects. Hence, this novel research work represents a versatile LPS strategy that exhibits promising potential for treating skin fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Rimpy Diwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Igor L Estevao
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, TX 79968, United States; The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chuan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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Chavula T, To S, Smith J, Pedroza M, Nimri J, Devaraj S, Wenderfer S, Vogel TP, Agarwal SK. CADHERIN-11 regulation of myeloid phagocytes and autoimmune inflammation in murine lupus. J Autoimmun 2024; 145:103197. [PMID: 38447248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Understanding the regulation of efferocytosis by myeloid phagocytes is important in identifying novel targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cadherin-11 (CDH11), a cell adhesion molecule, is implicated in inflammatory arthritis and fibrosis and recently been shown to regulate macrophage phagocytosis. The extent and mechanism of this regulation is unknown. Our objective was to examine the extent to which CDH11 regulates myeloid phagocytes and contributes to autoimmunity and tissue inflammation. METHODS We analyzed efferocytosis in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) from WT and Cdh11-/- mice and investigated the mechanisms in vitro. We investigated the role of CDH11 in disease development in vivo using the pristane induced lupus model. To translate the clinical relevance of CDH11 in human disease, we measured serum CDH11 levels in two independent pediatric SLE (pSLE) cohorts and healthy controls. RESULTS Using bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) and DCs (BMDCs), we found impaired efferocytosis in phagocytes from Cdh11-/- mice, mediated by downregulated efferocytosis receptor expression and RhoGTPase activation. Specifically, loss of CDH11 downregulated Mertk expression and Rac1 activation in BMDMs, and integrin αVβ3 expression and Cdc42 activation in BMDCs, highlighting distinct pathways. In vivo, Cdh11-/- mice displayed defective efferocytosis and increased accumulation of apoptotic debris in pristane-induced lupus. Further, Cdh11-/- mice had enhanced systemic inflammation and autoimmune inflammation with increased anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, splenomegaly, type I interferons, and inflammatory cytokines. Paradoxically, at the tissue level, Cdh11-/- mice were protected against glomerulonephritis, indicating a dual role in murine lupus. Finally, SLE patients had increased serum CDH11 compared to controls. CONCLUSION This study highlights a novel role of CDH11 in regulating myeloid cells and efferocytosis and its potential as a contributor to development in autoimmunity murine lupus. Despite the increase in autoimmunity, Cdh11-/- mice developed decreased tissue inflammation and damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thandiwe Chavula
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah To
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jena Nimri
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Pathology Department, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Wenderfer
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, B.C. Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tiphanie P Vogel
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics-Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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7
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Hou M, Luo F, Ding Y, Bao X, Chen X, Liu L, Wu M. Let-7c-3p suppresses lens epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting cadherin-11 expression in fibrotic cataract. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:743-759. [PMID: 37171723 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fibrotic cataract, including anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) and posterior capsule opacification, always lead to visual impairment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well-known event that causes phenotypic alterations in lens epithelial cells (LECs) during lens fibrosis. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that microRNAs are important regulators of EMT and fibrosis. However, the evidence explaining how microRNAs modulate the behavior and alter the cellular phenotypes of the lens epithelium in fibrotic cataract is insufficient. In this study, we found that hsa-let-7c-3p is downregulated in LECs in human ASC in vivo as well as in TGFβ2-induced EMT in vitro, indicating that hsa-let-7c-3p may participate in modulating the profibrotic processes in the lens. We then demonstrated that overexpression of hsa-let-7c-3p markedly suppressed human LEC proliferation and migration and attenuated TGFβ2-induced EMT and injury-induced ASC in a mouse model. In addition, hsa-let-7c-3p mediated lens fibrosis by directly targeting the CDH11 gene, which encodes cadherin-11 protein, an important mediator in the EMT signaling pathway. It decreased cadherin-11 protein expression at the posttranscriptional level but not at the transcriptional level by binding to a specific site in the 3-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CDH11 mRNA. Moreover, blockade of cadherin-11 expression with a specific short hairpin RNA reversed TGFβ2-induced EMT in LECs in vitro. Collectively, these data demonstrated that hsa-let-7c-3p plays a clear role in attenuating ASC development and may be a novel candidate therapeutic for halting fibrosis and maintaining vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Furong Luo
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Yujie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xuan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Liangping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mingxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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8
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Zhang G, Wang X, Zhang Q. Cdh11: Roles in different diseases and potential value in disease diagnosis and treatment. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101576. [PMID: 38034129 PMCID: PMC10682823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherin is a homophilic, Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell adhesion. Among them, Cadherin-11 (CDH11), as a classical cadherin, participates in and influences many crucial aspects of human growth and development. Furthermore, The involvement of CDH11 has been identified in an increasing number of diseases, primarily including various tumorous diseases, fibrotic diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, and more. In various tumorous diseases, CDH11 acts not only as a tumor suppressor but can also promote migration and invasion of certain tumors through various mechanisms. Likewise, in non-tumorous diseases, CDH11 remains a pivotal factor in disease progression. In this context, we summarize the specific functionalities and mechanisms of CDH11 in various diseases, aiming to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the potential value of CDH11 in disease diagnosis and treatment. This endeavor seeks to provide more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for clinical management across diverse diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Zhang
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
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9
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Ezzo M, Hinz B. Novel approaches to target fibroblast mechanotransduction in fibroproliferative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108528. [PMID: 37708995 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to changes in mechanical environment is vital in conditions of organ injury when the architecture of normal tissues is disturbed or lost. Among the various cellular players that respond to injury, fibroblasts take center stage in re-establishing tissue integrity by secreting and organizing extracellular matrix into stabilizing scar tissue. Activation, activity, survival, and death of scar-forming fibroblasts are tightly controlled by mechanical environment and proper mechanotransduction ensures that fibroblast activities cease after completion of the tissue repair process. Conversely, dysregulated mechanotransduction often results in fibroblast over-activation or persistence beyond the state of normal repair. The resulting pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix is called fibrosis, a condition that has been associated with over 40% of all deaths in the industrialized countries. Consequently, elements in fibroblast mechanotransduction are scrutinized for their suitability as anti-fibrotic therapeutic targets. We review the current knowledge on mechanically relevant factors in the fibroblast extracellular environment, cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion structures, stretch-activated membrane channels, stress-regulated cytoskeletal structures, and co-transcription factors. We critically discuss the targetability of these elements in therapeutic approaches and their progress in pre-clinical and/or clinical trials to treat organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ezzo
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Hu Q, Saleem K, Pandey J, Charania AN, Zhou Y, He C. Cell Adhesion Molecules in Fibrotic Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1995. [PMID: 37509634 PMCID: PMC10377070 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are critical in fibrotic progression in many organs, including lung, kidney, skin, and liver. CAMs promote cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions to maintain tissue architecture and normal function in homeostasis. However, dysregulated expression and function of CAMs can lead to chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis. The major families of CAMs include integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulins. Here, we review the role of the CAMs in fibrosis development across various organs with a focus on integrins and cadherins, and discuss their respective roles in the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjiang Hu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Komal Saleem
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jyotsana Pandey
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Arzoo N. Charania
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Chao He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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11
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Yie TA, Loomis CA, Nowatzky J, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Lin Z, Cammer M, Barnett C, Mezzano V, Alu M, Novick JA, Munger JS, Kugler MC. Hedgehog and Platelet-derived Growth Factor Signaling Intersect during Postnatal Lung Development. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:523-536. [PMID: 36693140 PMCID: PMC10174164 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0269oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal lung development critically depends on HH (Hedgehog) and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) signaling, which coordinate mesenchymal differentiation and proliferation. PDGF signaling is required for postnatal alveolar septum formation by myofibroblasts. Recently, we demonstrated a requirement for HH in postnatal lung development involving alveolar myofibroblast differentiation. Given shared features of HH signaling and PDGF signaling and their impact on this key cell type, we sought to clarify their relationship during murine postnatal lung development. Timed experiments revealed that HH inhibition phenocopies the key lung myofibroblast phenotypes of Pdgfa (platelet-derived growth factor subunit A) and Pdgfra (platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha) knockouts during secondary alveolar septation. Using a dual signaling reporter, Gli1lZ;PdgfraEGFP, we show that HH and PDGF pathway intermediates are concurrently expressed during alveolar septal myofibroblast accumulation, suggesting pathway convergence in the generation of lung myofibroblasts. Consistent with this hypothesis, HH inhibition reduces Pdgfra expression and diminishes the number of Pdgfra-positive and Pdgfra-lineage cells in postnatal lungs. Bulk RNA sequencing data of Pdgfra-expressing cells from Postnatal Day 8 (P8) lungs show that HH inhibition alters the expression not only of well-established HH targets but also of several putative PDGF target genes. This, together with the presence of Gli-binding sites in PDGF target genes, suggests HH input into PDGF signaling. We identified these HH/PDGF targets in several postnatal lung mesenchymal cell populations, including myofibroblasts, using single-cell transcriptomic analysis. Collectively, our data indicate that HH signaling and PDGF signaling intersect to support myofibroblast/fibroblast function during secondary alveolar septum formation. Moreover, they provide a molecular foundation relevant to perinatal lung diseases associated with impaired alveolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-An Yie
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and
| | | | - Johannes Nowatzky
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology
| | | | | | | | - Clea Barnett
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and
| | | | | | | | - John S. Munger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York
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12
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Du X, Cui Z, Zhang R, Zhao K, Wang L, Yao J, Liu S, Cai C, Cao Y. The Effects of Rumen-Protected Choline and Rumen-Protected Nicotinamide on Liver Transcriptomics in Periparturient Dairy Cows. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050594. [PMID: 37233635 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of rumen-protected choline (RPC) and rumen-protected nicotinamide (RPM) on liver metabolic function based on transcriptome in periparturient dairy cows, 10 healthy Holstein dairy cows with similar parity were allocated to RPC and RPM groups (n = 5). The cows were fed experimental diets between 14 days before and 21 days after parturition. The RPC diet contained 60 g RPC per day, and the RPM diet contained 18.7 g RPM per day. Liver biopsies were taken 21 days after calving for the transcriptome analysis. A model of fat deposition hepatocytes was constructed using the LO2 cell line with the addition of NEFA (1.6 mmol/L), and the expression level of genes closely related to liver metabolism was validated and divided into a CHO group (75 μmol/L) and a NAM group (2 mmol/L). The results showed that the expression of a total of 11,023 genes was detected and clustered obviously between the RPC and RPM groups. These genes were assigned to 852 Gene Ontology terms, the majority of which were associated with biological process and molecular function. A total of 1123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 640 up-regulated and 483 down-regulated, were identified between the RPC and RPM groups. These DEGs were mainly correlated with fat metabolism, oxidative stress and some inflammatory pathways. In addition, compared with the NAM group, the gene expression level of FGF21, CYP26A1, SLC13A5, SLCO1B3, FBP2, MARS1 and CDH11 in the CHO group increased significantly (p < 0.05). We proposed that that RPC could play a prominent role in the liver metabolism of periparturient dairy cows by regulating metabolic processes such as fatty acid synthesis and metabolism and glucose metabolism; yet, RPM was more involved in biological processes such as the TCA cycle, ATP generation and inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue'er Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhijie Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Keliang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lamei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Chuanjiang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yangchun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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13
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Beaven E, Kumar R, Bhatt HN, Esquivel SV, Nurunnabi M. Myofibroblast specific targeting approaches to improve fibrosis treatment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13556-13571. [PMID: 36445310 PMCID: PMC9946855 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04825f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis has been shown to develop in individuals with underlying health conditions, especially chronic inflammatory diseases. Fibrosis is often diagnosed in various organs, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, heart, and skin, and has been described as excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix that can affect specific organs in the body or systemically throughout the body. Fibrosis as a chronic condition can result in organ failure and result in death of the individual. Understanding and identification of specific biomarkers associated with fibrosis has emerging potential in the development of diagnosis and targeting treatment modalities. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss multiple signaling pathways such as TGF-β, collagen, angiotensin, and cadherin and outline the chemical nature of the different signaling pathways involved in fibrogenesis as well as the mechanisms. Although it has been well established that TGF-β is the main catalyst initiating and driving multiple pathways for fibrosis, targeting TGF-β can be challenging as this molecule regulates essential functions throughout the body that help to keep the body in homeostasis. We also discuss collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins and their role in fibrosis. We comprehensively discuss the various delivery systems used to target collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins to manage fibrosis. Nevertheless, understanding the steps by which this molecule drives fibrosis development can aid in the development of specific targets of its cascading mechanism. Throughout the review, we will demonstrate the mechanism of fibrosis targeting to improve targeting delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elfa Beaven
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stephanie V Esquivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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14
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Wang L, Shao M, Jiang W, Huang Y. Resveratrol alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β1/smad3 signalling pathways in rats. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101953. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Ku SC, Liu HL, Su CY, Yeh IJ, Yen MC, Anuraga G, Ta HDK, Chiao CC, Xuan DTM, Prayugo FB, Wang WJ, Wang CY. Comprehensive analysis of prognostic significance of cadherin (CDH) gene family in breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8498-8567. [PMID: 36315446 PMCID: PMC9648792 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading deaths in all kinds of malignancies; therefore, it is important for early detection. At the primary tumor site, tumor cells could take on mesenchymal properties, termed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process is partly regulated by members of the cadherin (CDH) family of genes, and it is an essential step in the formation of metastases. There has been a lot of study of the roles of some of the CDH family genes in cancer; however, a holistic approach examining the roles of distinct CDH family genes in the development of breast cancer remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we used a bioinformatics approach to examine expression profiles of CDH family genes using the Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2), cBioPortal, MetaCore, and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) platforms. We revealed that CDH1/2/4/11/12/13 messenger (m)RNA levels are overexpressed in breast cancer cells compared to normal cells and were correlated with poor prognoses in breast cancer patients’ distant metastasis-free survival. An enrichment analysis showed that high expressions of CDH1/2/4/11/12/13 were significantly correlated with cell adhesion, the extracellular matrix remodeling process, the EMT, WNT/beta-catenin, and interleukin-mediated immune responses. Collectively, CDH1/2/4/11/12/13 are thought to be potential biomarkers for breast cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Chi Ku
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of General Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Liang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yu Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - I-Jeng Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Gangga Anuraga
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Ta
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chieh Chiao
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Do Thi Minh Xuan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fidelia Berenice Prayugo
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40676, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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16
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Nobre AR, Dalla E, Yang J, Huang X, Wullkopf L, Risson E, Razghandi P, Anton ML, Zheng W, Seoane JA, Curtis C, Kenigsberg E, Wang J, Aguirre-Ghiso JA. ZFP281 drives a mesenchymal-like dormancy program in early disseminated breast cancer cells that prevents metastatic outgrowth in the lung. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1165-1180. [PMID: 36050483 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that cancer cells can disseminate from early evolved primary lesions much earlier than the classical metastasis models predicted. Here, we reveal at a single-cell resolution that mesenchymal-like (M-like) and pluripotency-like programs coordinate dissemination and a long-lived dormancy program of early disseminated cancer cells (DCCs). The transcription factor ZFP281 induces a permissive state for heterogeneous M-like transcriptional programs, which associate with a dormancy signature and phenotype in vivo. Downregulation of ZFP281 leads to a loss of an invasive, M-like dormancy phenotype and a switch to lung metastatic outgrowth. We also show that FGF2 and TWIST1 induce ZFP281 expression to induce the M-like state, which is linked to CDH1 downregulation and upregulation of CDH11. We found that ZFP281 not only controls the early dissemination of cancer cells but also locks early DCCs in a dormant state by preventing the acquisition of an epithelial-like proliferative program and consequent metastases outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Nobre
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Erica Dalla
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jihong Yang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Zhang Boli Intelligent Health Innovation Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lena Wullkopf
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma Risson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedram Razghandi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Melisa Lopez Anton
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jose A Seoane
- Cancer Computational Biology Group, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christina Curtis
- Department of Medicine and Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ephraim Kenigsberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Kletukhina S, Mutallapova G, Titova A, Gomzikova M. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911212. [PMID: 36232511 PMCID: PMC9569825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial fibrotic disease that leads to disability and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. The concept of aberrant regeneration of the pulmonary epithelium reveals the pathogenesis of IPF, according to which repeated damage and death of alveolar epithelial cells is the main mechanism leading to the development of progressive IPF. Cell death provokes the migration, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, which overproduce extracellular matrix, resulting in fibrotic deformity of the lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapies for pulmonary fibrosis. MSCs, and EVs derived from MSCs, modulate the activity of immune cells, inhibit the expression of profibrotic genes, reduce collagen deposition and promote the repair of damaged lung tissue. This review considers the molecular mechanisms of the development of IPF and the multifaceted role of MSCs in the therapy of IPF. Currently, EVs-MSCs are regarded as a promising cell-free therapy tool, so in this review we discuss the results available to date of the use of EVs-MSCs for lung tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevindzh Kletukhina
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Mutallapova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Angelina Titova
- Morphology and General Pathology Department, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Gomzikova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-917-8572269
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Wu B, Tian X, Wang W, Zhu J, Lu Y, Du J, Xiao Y. Upregulation of cadherin-11 contributes to cholestatic liver fibrosis. Pediatr Investig 2022; 6:100-110. [PMID: 35774522 PMCID: PMC9218970 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Cadherin-11 (CDH11), a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, is implicated in the fibrotic process of several organs. Biliary atresia (BA) is a common cholestatic liver disease featuring cholestasis and progressive liver fibrosis in children. Cholestatic liver fibrosis may progress to liver cirrhosis and lacks effective therapeutic strategies. Currently, the role of CDH11 in cholestatic liver fibrosis remains unclear. Objective This study aimed to explore the functions of CDH11 in cholestatic liver fibrosis. Methods The expression of CDH11 in BA livers was evaluated by database analysis and immunostaining. Seven BA liver samples were used for immunostaining. The wild type (Wt) and CDH11 knockout (CDH11-/- ) mice were subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL) to induce cholestatic liver fibrosis. The serum biochemical analysis, liver histology, and western blotting were used to assess the extent of liver injury and fibrosis as well as activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathway. The effect of CDH11 on the activation of hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 cells was investigated. Results Analysis of public RNA-seq datasets showed that CDH11 expression levels were significantly increased in livers of BA, and CDH11 was correlated with liver fibrosis in BA. BDL-induced liver injury and liver fibrosis were attenuated in CDH11-/- mice compared to Wt mice. The protein expression levels of phosphorylated Smad2/3 were decreased in livers of CDH11-/- BDL mice compared to Wt BDL mice. CDH11 knockdown inhibited the activation of LX-2 cells. Interpretation CDH11 plays an important role in cholestatic liver fibrosis and may represent a potential therapeutic target for cholestatic liver disease, such as BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua HospitalSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Xinbei Tian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua HospitalSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua HospitalSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua HospitalSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua HospitalSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghaiChina
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Passanha FR, Geuens T, LaPointe VLS. Cadherin-11 influences differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells by regulating the extracellular matrix via the TGFβ1 pathway. Stem Cells 2022; 40:669-677. [PMID: 35416252 PMCID: PMC9332898 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona R Passanha
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Geuens
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa L S LaPointe
- Corresponding author: Vanessa L.S. LaPointe, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 646304225;
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20
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To S, Chavula T, Pedroza M, Smith J, Agarwal SK. Cadherin-11 Regulates Macrophage Development and Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:795337. [PMID: 35211116 PMCID: PMC8860974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.795337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a cell-cell adhesion protein that has previously been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. It is expressed on macrophages in the fibrotic lung. However, the role of CDH11 on macrophage biology has not yet been studied. We show using immunophenotypic analyses that Cdh11-/- mice have fewer recruited monocyte-derived macrophages and Ly6Chi monocytes in the lungs compared to wild-type mice in the intraperitoneal bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. Additionally, fewer Ly6Chi monocytes were detected in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of naive Cdh11-/- mice. Given that macrophages are derived from monocytes, we investigated the precursors of the monocyte/macrophage lineage in the bone marrow. We found increased numbers of CMPs and reduced numbers of GMPs and MPs/cMoPs in Cdh11-/- mice compared to wild-type mice, suggesting decreased differentiation towards the myeloid lineage in Cdh11-/- mice. Furthermore, we show using bone marrow cells that loss of CDH11 impaired monocyte to macrophage differentiation. We also demonstrate that CDH11 deficiency repressed the M2 program and impaired the phagocytic function of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Overall, our findings demonstrate a role for CDH11 in macrophage development, M2 polarization, and phagocytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah To
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Thandiwe Chavula
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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21
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Hong X, Wang L, Zhang K, Liu J, Liu JP. Molecular Mechanisms of Alveolar Epithelial Stem Cell Senescence and Senescence-Associated Differentiation Disorders in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:877. [PMID: 35269498 PMCID: PMC8909789 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary senescence is accelerated by unresolved DNA damage response, underpinning susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis. Recently it was reported that the SARS-Cov-2 viral infection induces acute pulmonary epithelial senescence followed by fibrosis, although the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examine roles of alveolar epithelial stem cell senescence and senescence-associated differentiation disorders in pulmonary fibrosis, exploring the mechanisms mediating and preventing pulmonary fibrogenic crisis. Notably, the TGF-β signalling pathway mediates alveolar epithelial stem cell senescence by mechanisms involving suppression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in pulmonary fibrosis. Alternatively, telomere uncapping caused by stress-induced telomeric shelterin protein TPP1 degradation mediates DNA damage response, pulmonary senescence and fibrosis. However, targeted intervention of cellular senescence disrupts pulmonary remodelling and fibrosis by clearing senescent cells using senolytics or preventing senescence using telomere dysfunction inhibitor (TELODIN). Studies indicate that the development of senescence-associated differentiation disorders is reprogrammable and reversible by inhibiting stem cell replicative senescence in pulmonary fibrosis, providing a framework for targeted intervention of the molecular mechanisms of alveolar stem cell senescence and pulmonary fibrosis. Abbreviations: DPS, developmental programmed senescence; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; OIS, oncogene-induced replicative senescence; SADD, senescence-associated differentiation disorder; SALI, senescence-associated low-grade inflammation; SIPS, stress-induced premature senescence; TERC, telomerase RNA component; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; TIFs, telomere dysfunction-induced foci; TIS, therapy-induced senescence; VIS, virus-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Hong
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Lihui Wang
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Kexiong Zhang
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jun Liu
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jun-Ping Liu
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China; (X.H.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (J.L.)
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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22
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Wilson AC, Chiles J, Ashish S, Chanda D, Kumar PL, Mobley JA, Neptune ER, Thannickal VJ, McDonald MLN. Integrated bioinformatics analysis identifies established and novel TGFβ1-regulated genes modulated by anti-fibrotic drugs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3080. [PMID: 35197532 PMCID: PMC8866468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although fibrosis may involve different organ systems, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) has been established as a master regulator of fibrosis across organs. Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are the only currently-approved drugs to treat fibrosis, specifically idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. To identify novel drug targets and uncover potential mechanisms by which these drugs attenuate fibrosis, we performed an integrative 'omics analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic responses to TGFβ1-stimulated lung fibroblasts. Significant findings were annotated as associated with pirfenidone and nintedanib treatment in silico via Coremine. Integrative 'omics identified a co-expressed transcriptomic and proteomic module significantly correlated with TGFβ1 treatment that was enriched (FDR-p = 0.04) with genes associated with pirfenidone and nintedanib treatment. While a subset of genes in this module have been implicated in fibrogenesis, several novel TGFβ1 signaling targets were identified. Specifically, four genes (BASP1, HSD17B6, CDH11, and TNS1) have been associated with pirfenidone, while five genes (CLINT1, CADM1, MTDH, SYDE1, and MCTS1) have been associated with nintedanib, and MYDGF has been implicated with treatment using both drugs. Using the Clue Drug Repurposing Hub, succinic acid was highlighted as a metabolite regulated by the protein encoded by HSD17B6. This study provides new insights into the anti-fibrotic actions of pirfenidone and nintedanib and identifies novel targets for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava C. Wilson
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ,grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Joe Chiles
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Shah Ashish
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Diptiman Chanda
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Preeti L. Kumar
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - James A. Mobley
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Enid R. Neptune
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Victor J. Thannickal
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ,grid.265219.b0000 0001 2217 8588John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Merry-Lynn N. McDonald
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ,grid.265892.20000000106344187Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ,grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
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Mascharak S, Talbott HE, Januszyk M, Griffin M, Chen K, Davitt MF, Demeter J, Henn D, Bonham CA, Foster DS, Mooney N, Cheng R, Jackson PK, Wan DC, Gurtner GC, Longaker MT. Multi-omic analysis reveals divergent molecular events in scarring and regenerative wound healing. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:315-327.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Fibroblasts are important cells for the support of homeostatic tissue function. In inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, fibroblasts take on different roles (a) as inflammatory cells themselves and (b) in recruiting leukocytes, driving angiogenesis, and enabling chronic inflammation in tissues. Recent advances in single-cell profiling techniques have transformed the ability to examine fibroblast states and populations in inflamed tissues, providing evidence of previously underappreciated heterogeneity and disease-associated fibroblast populations. These studies challenge the preconceived notion that fibroblasts are homogeneous and provide new insights into the role of fibroblasts in inflammatory pathology. In addition, new molecular insights into the mechanisms of fibroblast activation reveal powerful cell-intrinsic amplification loops that synergize with primary fibroblast stimuli to result in striking responses. In this Review, we focus on recent developments in our understanding of fibroblast heterogeneity and fibroblast pathology across tissues and diseases in rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. We highlight new approaches to, and applications of, single-cell profiling techniques and what they teach us about fibroblast biology. Finally, we address how these insights could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to targeting fibroblasts in disease.
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25
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Li Q, Peng W, Zhang Z, Pei X, Sun Z, Ou Y. A phycocyanin derived eicosapeptide attenuates lung fibrosis development. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174356. [PMID: 34280398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive respiratory disease. Phycocyanin derived eicosapeptide (PP20) is a novel peptide derived from active protein C-phycocyanin in Cyanobacteria. The aim of our study was to explore the anti-fibrotic activity of the PP20 and its underlying mechanism. Characteristic features of pulmonary fibrosis in oleic acid (OA)-induced mice and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TGF-β1-exposed A549 and HFL-1 cells with or without PP20 and the change of TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways were examined. Smad and MAPK agonists were used to explore the role of TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling in TGF-β1- induced collagen I expression in A549 cells and α-SMA expression in HFL-1 cells when treated with PP20. Our results showed that PP20 significantly alleviated the inflammatory response and tissue destruction, inhibited EMT, restored the imbalance of TIMP-1/MMP-9 and reduced collagen fiber deposition. Moreover, PP20 inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT and collagen I expression in A549 cells. PP20 could also inhibit the proliferation, and decrease TGF-β1-induced the expression of collagen I and transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in HFL-1 cells. Additionally, animal experiments and cell experiments combined with pathway agonists have shown that PP20 can negatively regulate TGF-β/Smad and MAPK pathways and show anti-fibrotic properties. PP20 may be a promising drug candidate for protection against pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wen Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xin Pei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zhongkan Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Johnson CL, Riley L, Bersi M, Linton MF, Merryman WD. Impaired macrophage trafficking and increased helper T-cell recruitment with loss of cadherin-11 in atherosclerotic immune response. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H756-H769. [PMID: 34506228 PMCID: PMC8794229 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00263.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation caused by infiltrating macrophages and T cells promotes plaque growth in atherosclerosis. Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a cell-cell adhesion protein implicated in several fibrotic and inflammatory diseases. Much of the research on CDH11 concerns its role in fibroblasts, although its expression in immune cells has been noted as well. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of CDH11 on the atherosclerotic immune response. In vivo studies of atherosclerosis indicated an increase in Cdh11 in plaque tissue. However, global loss of Cdh11 resulted in increased atherosclerosis and inflammation. It also altered the immune response in circulating leukocytes, decreasing myeloid cell populations and increasing T-cell populations, suggesting possible impaired myeloid migration. Bone marrow transplants from Cdh11-deficient mice resulted in similar immune cell profiles. In vitro examination of Cdh11-/- macrophages revealed reduced migration, despite upregulation of a number of genes related to locomotion. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in CD3+ and CD4+ helper T-cell populations in the blood of both the global Cdh11 loss and the bone marrow transplant animals, possibly resulting from increased expression by Cdh11-/- macrophages of major histocompatibility complex class II molecule genes, which bind to CD4+ T cells for coordinated activation. CDH11 fundamentally alters the immune response in atherosclerosis, resulting in part from impaired macrophage migration and altered macrophage-induced T-cell activation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cadherin-11 is well known to contribute to inflammatory and fibrotic disease. Here, we examined its role in atherosclerosis progression, which is predominantly an inflammatory process. We found that while cadherin-11 is associated with plaque progression, global loss of cadherin-11 exacerbated the disease phenotype. Moreover, loss of cadherin-11 in bone marrow-derived immune cells resulted in impaired macrophage migration and an unexplained increase in circulating helper T cells, presumably due to altered macrophage function without cadherin-11.
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Grants
- F32 HL154596 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R00 HL146951 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL148137 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HL127173 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL127173 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL135790 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- DK059637 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- K99 HL146951 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL146951 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- P01 HL116263 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R35 HL135790 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL148137 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL146134 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL146134 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- U24 DK059637 NIDDK NIH HHS
- HL154596 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL116263 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- American Heart Association (AHA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Camryn L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lance Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew Bersi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - MacRae F Linton
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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Cao W, Song S, Fang G, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang QS. Cadherin-11 Deficiency Attenuates Ang-II-Induced Atrial Fibrosis and Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2897-2911. [PMID: 34239314 PMCID: PMC8259948 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s306073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrosis serves as a disease initiating mechanism in the development of atrial fibrillation. Angiotensin II (Ang-II), a key mediator for atrial fibrosis, aberrantly activates atrial fibroblasts (AFs) into myofibroblasts, resulting in subsequent excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is essential in the development of non-cardiac fibrotic diseases. In this study, we investigated its role in the pathogenesis and underlying mechanism of atrial fibrillation. Methods We obtained left atrial tissues from either patients with atrial fibrillation or Ang-II-induced atrial fibrosis mice. We utilized a global CDH11 knockout mouse (CDH11-/-) model to determine the effect of CDH11 on AF cell proliferation, migration, ECM synthesis/deposition. RNA-Seq of isolated AFs from CDH11-/- or normal mice was performed and differential expressed genes were analyzed. The mouse susceptibility to atrial fibrillation was examined by cardiac electrophysiology. Results We found that cadherin-11 was significantly up-regulated in fibrotic atrial tissue from patients with atrial fibrillation and Ang-II-induced mice. Both normal and CDH11-/- mice did not develop atrial fibrosis at resting state. However, after Ang-II infusion, unlike severe atrial fibrosis occurred in normal mice, CDH11-/- mice displayed a reduced atrial fibrosis. Atrial fibroblasts with CDH11 deletion from CDH11-/- mice showed reduction in Ang-II-induced cell proliferation, migration and ECM synthesis/deposition, indicating the involvement of CDH11 in atrial fibrosis. Consistently, RNA-Seq of CDH11-null AFs uncovered significant decrease in pro-fibrotic gene expression. In addition, we identified reduction of transcripts associated with Smad2/3, ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. Further, CDH11-/- mice showed a significantly attenuated Ang-II-induced susceptibility to atrial fibrillation. Conclusion Our results indicate that CDH11 potentiates Ang-II-induced activation of AFs. The pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis is through CDH11 mediated stimulation of Smad2/3, ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. Thus, CDH11 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for ameliorating the development of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojian Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingze Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Shan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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Schmidt IM, Colona MR, Kestenbaum BR, Alexopoulos LG, Palsson R, Srivastava A, Liu J, Stillman IE, Rennke HG, Vaidya VS, Wu H, Humphreys BD, Waikar SS. Cadherin-11, Sparc-related modular calcium binding protein-2, and Pigment epithelium-derived factor are promising non-invasive biomarkers of kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2021; 100:672-683. [PMID: 34051265 PMCID: PMC8384690 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis constitutes the shared final pathway of nearly all chronic nephropathies, but biomarkers for the non-invasive assessment of kidney fibrosis are currently not available. To address this, we characterize five candidate biomarkers of kidney fibrosis: Cadherin-11 (CDH11), Sparc-related modular calcium binding protein-2 (SMOC2), Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), Matrix-Gla protein, and Thrombospondin-2. Gene expression profiles in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq) datasets from rodent models of fibrosis and human chronic kidney disease (CKD) were explored, and Luminex-based assays for each biomarker were developed. Plasma and urine biomarker levels were measured using independent prospective cohorts of CKD: the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort, a cohort of individuals with biopsy-confirmed semiquantitative assessment of kidney fibrosis, and the Seattle Kidney Study, a cohort of patients with common forms of CKD. Ordinal logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to test associations of biomarkers with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy and progression to end-stage kidney disease and death, respectively. Sc/snRNA-seq data confirmed cell-specific expression of biomarker genes in fibroblasts. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of plasma CDH11, SMOC2, and PEDF and urinary CDH11 and PEDF were significantly associated with increasing severity of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort. In both cohorts, higher levels of plasma and urinary SMOC2 and urinary CDH11 were independently associated with progression to end-stage kidney disease. Higher levels of urinary PEDF associated with end-stage kidney disease in the Seattle Kidney Study, with a similar signal in the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort, although the latter narrowly missed statistical significance. Thus, we identified CDH11, SMOC2, and PEDF as promising non-invasive biomarkers of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa M Schmidt
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Mia R Colona
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Leonidas G Alexopoulos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens Greece; ProtATonce, Ltd., Athens, Greece
| | - Ragnar Palsson
- Division of Nephrology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Helmut G Rennke
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Haojia Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Benjamin D Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA.
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Büttner P, Feistner L, Lurz P, Thiele H, Hutcheson JD, Schlotter F. Dissecting Calcific Aortic Valve Disease-The Role, Etiology, and Drivers of Valvular Fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:660797. [PMID: 34041283 PMCID: PMC8143377 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.660797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a highly prevalent and progressive disorder that ultimately causes gradual narrowing of the left ventricular outflow orifice with ensuing devastating hemodynamic effects on the heart. Calcific mineral accumulation is the hallmark pathology defining this process; however, fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that leads to extensive deposition of fibrous connective tissue and distortion of the valvular microarchitecture similarly has major biomechanical and functional consequences for heart valve function. Significant advances have been made to unravel the complex mechanisms that govern these active, cell-mediated processes, yet the interplay between fibrosis and calcification and the individual contribution to progressive extracellular matrix stiffening require further clarification. Specifically, we discuss (1) the valvular biomechanics and layered ECM composition, (2) patterns in the cellular contribution, temporal onset, and risk factors for valvular fibrosis, (3) imaging valvular fibrosis, (4) biomechanical implications of valvular fibrosis, and (5) molecular mechanisms promoting fibrotic tissue remodeling and the possibility of reverse remodeling. This review explores our current understanding of the cellular and molecular drivers of fibrogenesis and the pathophysiological role of fibrosis in CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Büttner
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lukas Feistner
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Lurz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joshua D. Hutcheson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Florian Schlotter
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Peran I, Dakshanamurthy S, McCoy MD, Mavropoulos A, Allo B, Sebastian A, Hum NR, Sprague SC, Martin KA, Pishvaian MJ, Vietsch EE, Wellstein A, Atkins MB, Weiner LM, Quong AA, Loots GG, Yoo SS, Assefnia S, Byers SW. Cadherin 11 Promotes Immunosuppression and Extracellular Matrix Deposition to Support Growth of Pancreatic Tumors and Resistance to Gemcitabine in Mice. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:1359-1372.e13. [PMID: 33307028 PMCID: PMC7956114 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) are characterized by fibrosis and an abundance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We investigated strategies to disrupt interactions among CAFs, the immune system, and cancer cells, focusing on adhesion molecule CDH11, which has been associated with other fibrotic disorders and is expressed by activated fibroblasts. METHODS We compared levels of CDH11 messenger RNA in human pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer tissues and cells with normal pancreas, and measured levels of CDH11 protein in human and mouse pancreatic lesions and normal tissues. We crossed p48-Cre;LSL-KrasG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+ (KPC) mice with CDH11-knockout mice and measured survival times of offspring. Pancreata were collected and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and (single-cell) RNA sequencing; RNA and proteins were identified by imaging mass cytometry. Some mice were given injections of PD1 antibody or gemcitabine and survival was monitored. Pancreatic cancer cells from KPC mice were subcutaneously injected into Cdh11+/+ and Cdh11-/- mice and tumor growth was monitored. Pancreatic cancer cells (mT3) from KPC mice (C57BL/6), were subcutaneously injected into Cdh11+/+ (C57BL/6J) mice and mice were given injections of antibody against CDH11, gemcitabine, or small molecule inhibitor of CDH11 (SD133) and tumor growth was monitored. RESULTS Levels of CDH11 messenger RNA and protein were significantly higher in CAFs than in pancreatic cancer epithelial cells, human or mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines, or immune cells. KPC/Cdh11+/- and KPC/Cdh11-/- mice survived significantly longer than KPC/Cdh11+/+ mice. Markers of stromal activation entirely surrounded pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias in KPC/Cdh11+/+ mice and incompletely in KPC/Cdh11+/- and KPC/Cdh11-/- mice, whose lesions also contained fewer FOXP3+ cells in the tumor center. Compared with pancreatic tumors in KPC/Cdh11+/+ mice, tumors of KPC/Cdh11+/- mice had increased markers of antigen processing and presentation; more lymphocytes and associated cytokines; decreased extracellular matrix components; and reductions in markers and cytokines associated with immunosuppression. Administration of the PD1 antibody did not prolong survival of KPC mice with 0, 1, or 2 alleles of Cdh11. Gemcitabine extended survival of KPC/Cdh11+/- and KPC/Cdh11-/- mice only or reduced subcutaneous tumor growth in mT3 engrafted Cdh11+/+ mice when given in combination with the CDH11 antibody. A small molecule inhibitor of CDH11 reduced growth of pre-established mT3 subcutaneous tumors only if T and B cells were present in mice. CONCLUSIONS Knockout or inhibition of CDH11, which is expressed by CAFs in the pancreatic tumor stroma, reduces growth of pancreatic tumors, increases their response to gemcitabine, and significantly extends survival of mice. CDH11 promotes immunosuppression and extracellular matrix deposition, and might be developed as a therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Peran
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew D. McCoy
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Hum
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Sara C. Sprague
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kelly A. Martin
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Michael J. Pishvaian
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eveline E. Vietsch
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael B. Atkins
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Louis M. Weiner
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Gabriela G. Loots
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Shahin Assefnia
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
| | - Stephen W. Byers
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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31
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Johnson CL, Merryman WD. Side-specific valvular endothelial-interstitial cell mechano-communication via cadherin-11. J Biomech 2021; 119:110253. [PMID: 33636459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a condition causing stiffening of the aortic valve, impeding cardiac function and resulting in significant morbidity worldwide. CAVD is thought to be driven by the persistent activation of the predominant cell type in the valve, aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs), into myofibroblasts, resulting in subsequent calcification and stenosis of the valve. Although much of the research into CAVD focuses on AVICs, the aortic valve endothelial cells (AVECs) have been shown to regulate AVICs and maintain tissue homeostasis. Exposed to distinct flow patterns during the cardiac cycle, the AVECs lining either side of the valve demonstrate crucial differences which could contribute to the preferential formation of calcific nodules on the aorta-facing (fibrosa) side of the valve. Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a cell-cell adhesion protein which has been previously associated with AVIC myofibroblast activation, nodule formation, and CAVD in mice. In this study, we investigated the role of CDH11 in AVECs and examined side-specific differences. The aorta-facing or fibrosa endothelial cells (fibAVECs) express higher levels of CDH11 than the ventricle-facing or ventricularis endothelial cells (venAVECs). This increase in expression corresponds with increased contraction of a free-floating collagen gel compared to venAVECs. Additionally, co-culture of fibAVECs with AVICs demonstrated decreased contraction compared to an AVIC + AVIC control, but increased contraction compared to the venAVECs co-culture. This aligns with the known preferential formation of calcific nodules on the fibrosa. These results together indicate a potential role for CDH11 expression by AVECs in regulating AVIC contraction and subsequent calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camryn L Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
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32
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Chen X, Xiang H, Yu S, Lu Y, Wu T. Research progress in the role and mechanism of Cadherin-11 in different diseases. J Cancer 2021; 12:1190-1199. [PMID: 33442417 PMCID: PMC7797656 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin is an important cell-cell adhesion molecule, which mediates intercellular adhesion through calcium dependent affinity interaction. Cadherin-11 (CDH11, OB-cadherin) is a member of cadherin family, and its gene is situated on chromosome 16q22.1. Increasing lines of researches have proved that CDH11 plays important roles in the occurrence and development of a lot of diseases, such as tumors, arthritis and so on. CDH11 often leads to promoter methylation inactivation, which can induce cancer cell apoptosis, suppress cell motility and invasion, and can inhibit cancer through Wnt/β-catenin, AKT/Rho A and NF-κB signaling pathways. This review focused on the current knowledge of CDH11, including its function and mechanism in different diseases. In this article, we aimed to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of CDH11 and to provide new ideas for the treatment of some diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiyu Yu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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33
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Riley LA, Merryman WD. Cadherin-11 and cardiac fibrosis: A common target for a common pathology. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109876. [PMID: 33285242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis represents an enormous health concern as it is prevalent in nearly every form of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. Fibrosis is characterized by the activation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, a contractile cell type that secretes significant amounts of extracellular matrix components; however, the onset of this condition is also due to persistent inflammation and the cellular responses to a changing mechanical environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the pro-fibrotic, pro-inflammatory, and biomechanical mechanisms that lead to cardiac fibrosis in cardiovascular diseases. We then discuss cadherin-11, an intercellular adhesion protein present on both myofibroblasts and inflammatory cells, as a potential link for all three of the fibrotic mechanisms. Since experimentally blocking cadherin-11 dimerization prevents fibrotic diseases including cardiac fibrosis, understanding how this protein can be targeted for therapeutic use could lead to better treatments for patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance A Riley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA.
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34
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Jiang D, Christ S, Correa-Gallegos D, Ramesh P, Kalgudde Gopal S, Wannemacher J, Mayr CH, Lupperger V, Yu Q, Ye H, Mück-Häusl M, Rajendran V, Wan L, Liu J, Mirastschijski U, Volz T, Marr C, Schiller HB, Rinkevich Y. Injury triggers fascia fibroblast collective cell migration to drive scar formation through N-cadherin. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5653. [PMID: 33159076 PMCID: PMC7648088 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scars are more severe when the subcutaneous fascia beneath the dermis is injured upon surgical or traumatic wounding. Here, we present a detailed analysis of fascia cell mobilisation by using deep tissue intravital live imaging of acute surgical wounds, fibroblast lineage-specific transgenic mice, and skin-fascia explants (scar-like tissue in a dish - SCAD). We observe that injury triggers a swarming-like collective cell migration of fascia fibroblasts that progressively contracts the skin and form scars. Swarming is exclusive to fascia fibroblasts, and requires the upregulation of N-cadherin. Both swarming and N-cadherin expression are absent from fibroblasts in the upper skin layers and the oral mucosa, tissues that repair wounds with minimal scar. Impeding N-cadherin binding inhibits swarming and skin contraction, and leads to reduced scarring in SCADs and in animals. Fibroblast swarming and N-cadherin thus provide therapeutic avenues to curtail fascia mobilisation and pathological fibrotic responses across a range of medical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Jiang
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Christ
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Donovan Correa-Gallegos
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Pushkar Ramesh
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Shruthi Kalgudde Gopal
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Wannemacher
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph H Mayr
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Systems Medicine of Chronic Lung Disease, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerio Lupperger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Computational Biology, Munich, Germany
| | - Qing Yu
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Mück-Häusl
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Vijayanand Rajendran
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Li Wan
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan Liu
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Mirastschijski
- Mira-Beau gender esthetics, Berlin, Germany
- Wound Repair Unit, CBIB, Faculty of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Volz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Marr
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Computational Biology, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Systems Medicine of Chronic Lung Disease, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Group Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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Sun C, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu X. Ligamentum flavum fibrosis and hypertrophy: Molecular pathways, cellular mechanisms, and future directions. FASEB J 2020; 34:9854-9868. [PMID: 32608536 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000635r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum (LF), along with disk protrusion and facet joints degeneration, is associated with the development of lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Of note, LF hypertrophy is deemed as an important cause of LSCS. Histologically, fibrosis is proved to be the main pathology of LF hypertrophy. Despite the numerous studies explored the mechanisms of LF fibrosis at the molecular and cellular levels, the exact mechanism remains unknown. It is suggested that pathophysiologic stimuli such as mechanical stress, aging, obesity, and some diseases are the causative factors. Then, many cytokines and growth factors secreted by LF cells and its surrounding tissues play different roles in activating the fibrotic response. Here, we summarize the current status of detailed knowledge available regarding the causative factors, pathology, molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in LF fibrosis and hypertrophy, also focusing on the possible avenues for anti-fibrotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Macrophages are key players in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and fibrosis. The mechanism by which macrophages regulate fibrogenesis is unclear and understanding the origin and function of macrophages is critical to developing effective therapeutics. Novel targets on macrophages are under investigation and recently, cadherins have emerged as a potential therapeutic target on macrophages. The current review will discuss the importance of macrophages in SSc and fibrosis and summarize recent studies on the role of cadherin-11 (Cdh11) on macrophages and fibrosis. RECENT FINDINGS Genome-wide expression studies demonstrate the importance of macrophages in SSc and fibrosis. Although M2 macrophages are associated with fibrosis, the presence of a mixed M1/M2 phenotype in fibrosis has recently been reported. Several studies aiming to identify macrophage subsets involved in fibrogenesis suggest that monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages are key players in the development of murine lung fibrosis. Recent functional studies show that Cdh11 regulates macrophages, fibroblast invasion, and adhesion of macrophages to myofibroblasts. SUMMARY Macrophages play an important role in SSc and fibrosis. New insights into the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate fibrogenesis have been discovered on the basis of Cdh11 studies and suggest that targeting Cdh11 may be an effective target to treat fibrosis.
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Wang T, Zhou Q, Shang Y. MiRNA-451a inhibits airway remodeling by targeting Cadherin 11 in an allergic asthma model of neonatal mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106440. [PMID: 32234673 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling happens in childhood asthma, in parallel with, but not necessarily subsequent to, airway inflammation. The differentiation of airway epithelial cells into myofibroblasts via epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) is one of the mechanisms underlying airway remodeling. This study aimed at identifying novel molecules involved in pediatric asthma-associated airway remodeling. Asthma model was established by challenging C57BL/6 mouse pups with ovalbumin (OVA). We found that the expression of Cadherin 11 (CDH11), a type II cadherin, was increased by OVA treatments in the airway epithelium. Our earlier microarray data suggested miRNA-451a-5p (miRNA-451a) as a potential regulator of CDH11. In contrast to CDH11, miRNA-451a expression decreased in the asthmatic lung. MiRNA-451a was then packaged into a lentivirus vector and systematically given to the asthmatic pups. Our data indicated that OVA-induced infiltration of inflammatory cells, including eosnophils, neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, was reduced by miRNA-451a over-expression. EMT was initiated in asthmatic mice as demonstrated by increased alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells present in airway epithelium, which was inhibited by miRNA-451a. CDH11 elevation in vivo was also inhibited by miRNA-451a. Dual-Luciferase analysis further showed CDH11 as a novel valid target of miRNA-451a. Additionally, in vitro, EMT was triggered in human 16HBE airway epithelial cells by pro-fibrotic transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Corresponding to the anti-EMT effects observed in vivo, miRNA-451a also inhibited TGF-β-induced collagen deposition in cultured airway epithelial cells by targeting in CDH11. In summary, our study demonstrates that the deregulated miRNA-451a-CDH11 axis contributes to airway remodeling in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianlan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiao Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Franzè E, Monteleone I, Laudisi F, Rizzo A, Dinallo V, Di Fusco D, Colantoni A, Ortenzi A, Giuffrida P, Di Carlo S, Sica GS, Di Sabatino A, Monteleone G. Cadherin-11 Is a Regulator of Intestinal Fibrosis. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:406-417. [PMID: 31504344 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the mechanisms underlying the formation of intestinal fibrostrictures in Crohn's disease [CD] are not fully understood, activation of fibroblasts and excessive collagen deposition are supposed to contribute to the development of such complications. Here, we investigated the role of cadherin-11 [CDH-11], a fibroblast-derived protein that induces collagen production in various organs, in intestinal fibrosis. METHODS CDH-11 expression was evaluated in inflammatory [I] and fibrostricturing [FS] CD mucosal samples, ulcerative colitis [UC] mucosal samples, and ileal and colonic control samples, by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. CDH-11 expression was evaluated in normal and in CD intestinal fibroblasts stimulated with inflammatory/fibrogenic cytokines. FS CD fibroblasts were cultured either with a specific CDH-11 antisense oligonucleotide [AS], or activating CDH-11 fusion protein and activation of RhoA/ROCK, and TGF-β pathways and collagen production were evaluated by western blotting. Finally, we assessed the susceptibility of CDH-11-knockout [KO] mice to colitis-induced intestinal fibrosis. RESULTS CDH-11 RNA and protein expression were increased in both CD and UC as compared with controls. In CD, the greater expression of CDH-11 was seen in FS samples. Stimulation of fibroblasts with TNF-α, interleukin [IL]-6, IFN-γ, IL-13, and IL-1β enhanced CDH-11 expression. Knockdown of CDH-11 in FS CD fibroblasts impaired RhoA/ROCK/TGF-β signalling and reduced collagen synthesis, whereas activation of CDH-11 increased collagen secretion. CDH-11 KO mice were largely protected from intestinal fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Data show that CDH-11 expression is up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and suggest a role for this protein in the control of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Franzè
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Angelamaria Rizzo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dinallo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Di Fusco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Colantoni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Ortenzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Di Carlo
- Department of Surgery, University 'TOR VERGATA' of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe S Sica
- Department of Surgery, University 'TOR VERGATA' of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'TOR VERGATA', Rome, Italy
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Retinal biomarkers and pharmacological targets for Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 7. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3972. [PMID: 32132582 PMCID: PMC7055265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Deletion of dystrobrevin binding protein 1 has been linked to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 7 (HPS-7), a rare disease characterized by oculocutaneous albinism and retinal dysfunction. We studied dysbindin-1 null mutant mice (Dys−/−) to shed light on retinal neurodevelopment defects in HPS-7. We analyzed the expression of a focused set of miRNAs in retina of wild type (WT), Dys+/− and Dys−/− mice. We also investigated the retinal function of these mice through electroretinography (ERG). We found that miR-101-3p, miR-137, miR-186-5p, miR-326, miR-382-5p and miR-876-5p were up-regulated in Dys−/−mice retina. Dys−/− mice showed significant increased b-wave in ERG, compared to WT mice. Bioinformatic analysis highlighted that dysregulated miRNAs target synaptic plasticity and dopaminergic signaling pathways, affecting retinal functions of Dys−/− mice. Overall, the data indicate potential mechanisms in retinal neurodevelopment of Dys−/− mice, which may have translational significance in HSP-7 patients, both in terms of diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and novel pharmacological targets.
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Kania G, Rudnik M, Distler O. Involvement of the myeloid cell compartment in fibrogenesis and systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 15:288-302. [PMID: 30953037 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease of unknown aetiology that is characterized by vascular changes in the skin and visceral organs. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve skin and organ fibrosis in patients with progressive disease and a high risk of organ failure, indicating that cells originating in the bone marrow are important contributors to the pathogenesis of SSc. Animal studies also indicate a pivotal function of myeloid cells in the development of fibrosis leading to changes in the tissue architecture and dysfunction in multiple organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidney. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge about the function of myeloid cells in fibrogenesis that occurs in patients with SSc. Targeted therapies currently in clinical studies for SSc might affect myeloid cell-related pathways. Therefore, myeloid cells might be used as cellular biomarkers of disease through the application of high-dimensional techniques such as mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kania
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Rudnik
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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41
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Bressan M, Henley T, Louie JD, Liu G, Christodoulou D, Bai X, Taylor J, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Mikawa T. Dynamic Cellular Integration Drives Functional Assembly of the Heart's Pacemaker Complex. Cell Rep 2019; 23:2283-2291. [PMID: 29791840 PMCID: PMC6007983 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulses generated by a multicellular, bioelectric signaling center termed the sinoatrial node (SAN) stimulate the rhythmic contraction of the heart. The SAN consists of a network of electrochemically oscillating pacemaker cells encased in a heterogeneous connective tissue microenvironment. Although the cellular composition of the SAN has been a point of interest for more than a century, the biological processes that drive the tissue-level assembly of the cells within the SAN are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the SAN’s structural features result from a developmental process during which mesenchymal cells derived from a multipotent progenitor structure, the proepicardium, integrate with and surround pacemaker myocardium. This process actively remodels the forming SAN and is necessary for sustained electrogenic signal generation and propagation. Collectively, these findings provide experimental evidence for how the microenvironmental architecture of the SAN is patterned and demonstrate that proper cellular arrangement is critical for cardiac pacemaker biorhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bressan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Trevor Henley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan D Louie
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gary Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Xue Bai
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joan Taylor
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - J G Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Takashi Mikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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42
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Smithmyer ME, Cassel SE, Kloxin AM. Bridging 2D and 3D culture: probing impact of extracellular environment on fibroblast activation in layered hydrogels. AIChE J 2019; 65. [PMID: 32921797 DOI: 10.1002/aic.16837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many cell behaviors are significantly affected by cell culture geometry, though it remains unclear which geometry from two- to three-dimensional (2D to 3D) culture is appropriate for probing a specific cell function and mimicking native microenvironments. Toward addressing this, we established a 2.5D culture geometry, enabling initial cell spreading while reducing polarization to bridge between 2D and 3D geometries, and examined the responses of wound healing cells, human pulmonary fibroblasts, within it. To achieve this, we used engineered biomimetic hydrogels formed by photopolymerization, creating robust layered hydrogels with spread fibroblasts at the interface. We found that fibroblast responses were similar between 2D and 2.5D culture and different from 3D culture, with some underlying differences in mechanotransduction. These studies established the 2.5D cell culture geometry in conjunction with biomimetic synthetic matrices as a useful tool for investigations of fibroblast activation with relevance to the study of other cell functions and types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Smithmyer
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE, 19716
| | - Samantha E Cassel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE, 19716
| | - April M Kloxin
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE, 19716
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE. 19716
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The Many Roles of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Hepatic Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121503. [PMID: 31771248 PMCID: PMC6952767 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrogenesis is a progressive scarring event resulting from disrupted regular wound healing due to repeated tissue injury and can end in organ failure, like in liver cirrhosis. The protagonists in this process, either liver-resident cells or patrolling leukocytes attracted to the site of tissue damage, interact with each other by soluble factors but also by direct cell–cell contact mediated by cell adhesion molecules. Since cell adhesion molecules also support binding to the extracellular matrix, they represent excellent biosensors, which allow cells to modulate their behavior based on changes in the surrounding microenvironment. In this review, we focus on selectins, cadherins, integrins and members of the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion molecules as well as some non-classical cell adhesion molecules in the context of hepatic fibrosis. We describe their liver-specific contributions to leukocyte recruitment, cell differentiation and survival, matrix remodeling or angiogenesis and touch on their suitability as targets in antifibrotic therapies.
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44
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Ma JH, Qi J, Lin SQ, Zhang CY, Liu FY, Xie WD, Li X. STAT3 Targets ERR-α to Promote Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Migration, and Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2184-2195. [PMID: 31427441 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 is constitutively activated in many malignant tumor types and plays an important role in multiple aspects of cancer aggressiveness. In this study, we found that estrogen-related receptor α (ERR-α) correlating with STAT3 was highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and tissues, which was associated with both the pathologic stage and prognosis of patients with TNBC. In vitro studies showed that ERR-α promoted TNBC cell migration and invasion, which was regulated by STAT3. Phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3, Tyr 705) could bind to the promotor of ERR-α, and activate its transcription, which was suggested by luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. We also found that ERR-α was the key target gene regulated by STAT3 in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion. ERR-α upregulated the expression of ZEB1, N-cadherin, and vimentin while downregulated the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that ERR-α could increase the metastasis ability of TNBC. Our finding demonstrated that ERR-α was a direct regulatory gene target of p-STAT3, which was enriched for processes involving invasion and metastasis in TNBC and provided insight into TNBC pathogenesis, as well as a potential therapeutic option against TNBC metastasis. IMPLICATIONS: Our research first showed that p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) could bind to the promotor region of ERR-α and promote EMT in TNBC by ZEB1 pathways, thus providing a potential clinical target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Ma
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qi Lin
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Yun Zhang
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Xie
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Product of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang, P.R. China
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45
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Schroer AK, Bersi MR, Clark CR, Zhang Q, Sanders LH, Hatzopoulos AK, Force TL, Majka SM, Lal H, Merryman WD. Cadherin-11 blockade reduces inflammation-driven fibrotic remodeling and improves outcomes after myocardial infarction. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131545. [PMID: 31534054 PMCID: PMC6795284 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over one million Americans experience myocardial infarction (MI) annually, and the resulting scar and subsequent cardiac fibrosis gives rise to heart failure. A specialized cell-cell adhesion protein, cadherin-11 (CDH11), contributes to inflammation and fibrosis in rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis, and aortic valve calcification but has not been studied in myocardium after MI. MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery in mice with either heterozygous or homozygous knockout of CDH11, wild-type mice receiving bone marrow transplants from Cdh11-deficient animals, and wild-type mice treated with a functional blocking antibody against CDH11 (SYN0012). Flow cytometry revealed significant CDH11 expression in noncardiomyocyte cells after MI. Animals given SYN0012 had improved cardiac function, as measured by echocardiogram, reduced tissue remodeling, and altered transcription of inflammatory and proangiogenic genes. Targeting CDH11 reduced bone marrow-derived myeloid cells and increased proangiogenic cells in the heart 3 days after MI. Cardiac fibroblast and macrophage interactions increased IL-6 secretion in vitro. Our findings suggest that CDH11-expressing cells contribute to inflammation-driven fibrotic remodeling after MI and that targeting CDH11 with a blocking antibody improves outcomes by altering recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells, limiting the macrophage-induced expression of IL-6 by fibroblasts and promoting vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan M. Majka
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hind Lal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, and
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46
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FOXF1 Inhibits Pulmonary Fibrosis by Preventing CDH2-CDH11 Cadherin Switch in Myofibroblasts. Cell Rep 2019; 23:442-458. [PMID: 29642003 PMCID: PMC5947867 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by aberrant accumulation of collagen-secreting myofibroblasts. Development of effective therapies is limited due to incomplete understanding of molecular mechanisms regulating myofibroblast expansion. FOXF1 transcription factor is expressed in resident lung fibroblasts, but its role in lung fibrosis remains unknown due to the lack of genetic mouse models. Through comprehensive analysis of human IPF genomics data, lung biopsies, and transgenic mice with fibroblast-specific inactivation of FOXF1, we show that FOXF1 inhibits pulmonary fibrosis. FOXF1 deletion increases myofibroblast invasion and collagen secretion and promotes a switch from N-cadherin (CDH2) to Cadherin-11 (CDH11), which is a critical step in the acquisition of the pro-fibrotic phenotype. FOXF1 directly binds to Cdh2 and Cdh11 promoters and differentially regulates transcription of these genes. Re-expression of CDH2 or inhibition of CDH11 in FOXF1-deficient cells reduces myofibroblast invasion in vitro. FOXF1 inhibits pulmonary fibrosis by regulating a switch from CDH2 to CDH11 in lung myofibroblasts.
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Zeltz C, Primac I, Erusappan P, Alam J, Noel A, Gullberg D. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in desmoplastic tumors: emerging role of integrins. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 62:166-181. [PMID: 31415910 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex meshwork of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules filled with a collection of cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), blood vessel associated smooth muscle cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells and a variety of immune cells. In tumors the homeostasis governing ECM synthesis and turnover is disturbed resulting in abnormal blood vessel formation and excessive fibrillar collagen accumulations of varying stiffness and organization. The disturbed ECM homeostasis opens up for new types of paracrine, cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions with large consequences for tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune suppression and resistance to treatments. As a main producer of ECM and paracrine signals the CAF is a central cell type in these events. Whereas the paracrine signaling has been extensively studied in the context of tumor-stroma interactions, the nature of the numerous integrin-mediated cell-ECM interactions occurring in the TME remains understudied. In this review we will discuss and dissect the role of known and potential CAF interactions in the TME, during both tumorigenesis and chemoresistance-induced events, with a special focus on the "interaction landscape" in desmoplastic breast, lung and pancreatic cancers. As an example of the multifaceted mode of action of the stromal collagen receptor integrin α11β1, we will summarize our current understanding on the role of this CAF-expressed integrin in these three tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Zeltz
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Irina Primac
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege (ULiège), Liege, Belgium
| | - Pugazendhi Erusappan
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jahedul Alam
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agnes Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege (ULiège), Liege, Belgium
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Pedroza M, To S, Smith J, Agarwal SK. Cadherin-11 contributes to liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218971. [PMID: 31269038 PMCID: PMC6608953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Liver fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to impaired function and cirrhosis. Previous reports support a role for cadherin-11 (CDH11) in regulating the development of dermal and pulmonary fibrosis. In the current report, the extent to which CDH11 modulates the development of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) was assessed. Methods Wild type (WT) and CDH11 deficient (CDH11-/-) mice were treated with CCl4 or vehicle control for 8 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis was assessed by histology, collagen content, and RTPCR of fibrotic mediators. Results Livers from WT mice treated with CCl4 had increased levels of CDH11 which localized to injured hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and macrophages. Interestingly, CDH11-/- mice had decreased histological evidence of liver fibrosis, collagen deposition, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) accumulation, and mRNA levels of fibrotic mediators such as Col1-α1, Snail, TGF-β and IL-6. Conclusions These data demonstrate that CDH11 is increased during liver fibrosis, is an important regulator of liver fibrosis induced by CCL4 and suggest that CDH11 may be a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesias Pedroza
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sarah To
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sandeep K. Agarwal
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li J, Mao R, Kurada S, Wang J, Lin S, Chandra J, Rieder F. Pathogenesis of fibrostenosing Crohn's disease. Transl Res 2019; 209:39-54. [PMID: 30981697 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which could affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. A severe complication of CD is fibrosis-associated strictures, which can cause bowel obstruction. Unfortunately, there is no specific antifibrotic therapy available. More than 80% of the patients with CD will have to undergo at least 1 surgery in their life and recurrence of strictures after surgery is common. Investigations on the mechanism of fibrostenosing CD have revealed that fibrosis is mainly driven by expansion of mesenchymal cells including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. Being exposed to a pro-fibrotic milieu, these cells increase the secretion of extracellular matrix, as well as crosslinking enzymes, which drive tissue stiffness and remodeling. Fibrogenesis can become independent of inflammation in later stages of disease, which offers unique therapeutic potential. Exciting new evidence suggests smooth muscle cell hyperplasia as a strong contributor to luminal narrowing in fibrostenotic CD. Approval of new drugs in other fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, as well as new targets associated with fibrosis found in CD, such as cadherins or specific integrins, shed light on the development of novel antifibrotic approaches in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Li
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Satya Kurada
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jyotsna Chandra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
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50
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Colás-Algora N, Millán J. How many cadherins do human endothelial cells express? Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1299-1317. [PMID: 30552441 PMCID: PMC11105309 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature is the paradigm of a compartment generated by parallel cellular barriers that aims to transport oxygen, nutrients and immune cells in complex organisms. Vascular barrier dysfunction leads to fatal acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The endothelial barrier lines the inner side of vessels and is the main regulator of vascular permeability. Cadherins comprise a superfamily of 114 calcium-dependent adhesion proteins that contain conserved cadherin motifs and form cell-cell junctions in metazoans. In mature human endothelial cells, only VE (vascular endothelial)-cadherin and N (neural)-cadherin have been investigated in detail. Although both cadherins are essential for regulating endothelial permeability, no comprehensive expression studies to identify which other family members could play a relevant role in endothelial cells has so far been performed. Here, we have reviewed gene and protein expression databases to analyze cadherin expression in mature human endothelium and found that at least 24 cadherin superfamily members are significantly expressed. Based on data obtained from other cell types, organisms and experimental models, we discuss their potential functions, many of them unrelated to the formation of endothelial cell-cell junctions. The expression of this new set of endothelial cadherins highlights the important but still poorly defined roles of planar cell polarity, the Hippo pathway and mitochondria metabolism in human vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Colás-Algora
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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