1
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Song Y, Gyarmati P. Potential role of short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis and management of acute lymphocytic leukemia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:74. [PMID: 39118956 PMCID: PMC11304434 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy of highly proliferative lymphoblasts. ALL is the most common cancer in children, and is typically treated with combination chemotherapy. The 5-year survival of ALL improved significantly in recent decades with this treatment approach. However, certain age groups (below 2 and over 10 years of age) have much worse prognosis, and over 50% of patients with ALL experience long-term side effects proportional to the dosage of anticancer drugs. Therefore, different treatment strategies are required to improve survival in ALL and to reduce side effects of chemotherapy. Since epigenetic modifications are dominantly reversible, "epidrugs" (drugs targeting epigenetic markers) are considered for feasibility in the treatment of ALL as epigenetic modifications, and acetylation of histones was demonstrated to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ALL. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to be differentially expressed in several hematological malignancies, including ALL. HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) have been shown to express selective toxicity for ALL cells, but they showed limited efficacy and higher than expected toxicity in mouse models or clinical trials in ALL. The aim of this review is to examine the role of the microbiota and microbial metabolites in the mechanisms of HDAC functions, and explore the utilization of the microbiota and microbial metabolites in improving the efficacy of HDACi in ALL. HDAC regulators and natural HDACi are depleted in ALL due to microbiota change leading to a decrease in butyrate and propionate, and HDACi treatment is not effective in ALL due to their short half-life. We propose that HDACi released by the microbiota may be necessary in HDAC regulation and this process is impaired in ALL. Furthermore, the review will also consider the role of restoration of the microbiota or supplementation of natural HDACi in potentially restoring HDAC and HDACi functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Song
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Peter Gyarmati
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
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2
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Ferrario N, Marras E, Vivona V, Randisi F, Fallica AN, Marrazzo A, Perletti G, Gariboldi MB. Mechanisms of the Antineoplastic Effects of New Fluoroquinolones in 2D and 3D Human Breast and Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2227. [PMID: 38927932 PMCID: PMC11201967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial fluoroquinolones have emerged as potential anticancer drugs, thus prompting the synthesis of novel molecules with improved cytotoxic characteristics. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin derivatives, previously synthesized by our group, showed higher anticancer potency than their progenitors. However, no information about their mechanisms of action was reported. In this study, we selected the most active among these promising molecules and evaluated, on a panel of breast (including those triple-negative) and bladder cancer cell lines, their ability to induce cell cycle alterations and apoptotic and necrotic cell death through cytofluorimetric studies. Furthermore, inhibitory effects on cellular migration, metalloproteinase, and/or acetylated histone protein levels were also evaluated by the scratch/wound healing assay and Western blot analyses, respectively. Finally, the DNA relaxation assay was performed to confirm topoisomerase inhibition. Our results indicate that the highest potency previously observed for the derivatives could be related to their ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death. Moreover, they inhibited cellular migration, probably by reducing metalloproteinase levels and histone deacetylases. Finally, topoisomerase inhibition, previously observed in silico, was confirmed. In conclusion, structural modifications of progenitor fluoroquinolones resulted in potent anticancer derivatives possessing multiple mechanisms of action, potentially exploitable for the treatment of aggressive/resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ferrario
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Emanuela Marras
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Veronica Vivona
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Federica Randisi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonino Nicolò Fallica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Gianpaolo Perletti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Marzia Bruna Gariboldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
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3
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Larue AEM, Atlasi Y. The epigenetic landscape in intestinal stem cells and its deregulation in colorectal cancer. Stem Cells 2024; 42:509-525. [PMID: 38597726 PMCID: PMC11177158 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in controlling gene expression and cellular plasticity in both normal physiology and pathophysiological conditions. These mechanisms are particularly important in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, both in embryonic development and within adult tissues. A prime example of this finely tuned epigenetic control is observed in the gastrointestinal lining, where the small intestine undergoes renewal approximately every 3-5 days. How various epigenetic mechanisms modulate chromatin functions in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is currently an active area of research. In this review, we discuss the main epigenetic mechanisms that control ISC differentiation under normal homeostasis. Furthermore, we explore the dysregulation of these mechanisms in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. By outlining the main epigenetic mechanisms contributing to CRC, we highlight the recent therapeutics development and future directions for colorectal cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle E M Larue
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Yaser Atlasi
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
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4
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Li L, Song Q, Zhou J, Ji Q. Controllers of histone methylation-modifying enzymes in gastrointestinal cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116488. [PMID: 38520871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers have been considered primarily genetic malignancies, caused by a series of progressive genetic alterations. Accumulating evidence shows that histone methylation, an epigenetic modification program, plays an essential role in the different pathological stages of GI cancer progression, such as precancerous lesions, tumorigenesis, and tumor metastasis. Histone methylation-modifying enzymes, including histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and demethylases (HDMs), are the main executor of post-transcriptional modification. The abnormal expression of histone methylation-modifying enzymes characterizes GI cancers with complex pathogenesis and progression. Interactions between upstream controllers and histone methylation-modifying enzymes have recently been revealed, and have provided numerous opportunities to elucidate the pathogenesis of GI cancers in depth and clearly. Here we focus on the association between histone methylation-modifying enzymes and their controllers, aiming to provide a new perspective on the molecular research and clinical management of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology & Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology & Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Liver Disease Department of Integrative Medicine, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China.
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology & Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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5
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Aputen AD, Elias MG, Gilbert J, Sakoff JA, Gordon CP, Scott KF, Aldrich-Wright JR. Platinum(IV) Prodrugs Incorporating an Indole-Based Derivative, 5-Benzyloxyindole-3-Acetic Acid in the Axial Position Exhibit Prominent Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2181. [PMID: 38396859 PMCID: PMC10888562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinetically inert platinum(IV) complexes are a chemical strategy to overcome the impediments of standard platinum(II) antineoplastic drugs like cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin. In this study, we reported the syntheses and structural characterisation of three platinum(IV) complexes that incorporate 5-benzyloxyindole-3-acetic acid, a bioactive ligand that integrates an indole pharmacophore. The purity and chemical structures of the resultant complexes, P-5B3A, 5-5B3A and 56-5B3A were confirmed via spectroscopic means. The complexes were evaluated for anticancer activity against multiple human cell lines. All complexes proved to be considerably more active than cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin in most cell lines tested. Remarkably, 56-5B3A demonstrated the greatest anticancer activity, displaying GI50 values between 1.2 and 150 nM. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species paired with the decline in mitochondrial activity as well as inhibition of histone deacetylase were also demonstrated by the complexes in HT29 colon cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelico D. Aputen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Maria George Elias
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
- Ingham Institute, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (J.G.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jennette A. Sakoff
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (J.G.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Kieran F. Scott
- Ingham Institute, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia;
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia; (A.D.A.); (M.G.E.); (C.P.G.)
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6
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Sadida HQ, Abdulla A, Marzooqi SA, Hashem S, Macha MA, Akil ASAS, Bhat AA. Epigenetic modifications: Key players in cancer heterogeneity and drug resistance. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101821. [PMID: 37931371 PMCID: PMC10654239 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity and drug resistance remain pivotal obstacles in effective cancer treatment and management. One major contributor to these challenges is epigenetic modifications - gene regulation that does not involve changes to the DNA sequence itself but significantly impacts gene expression. As we elucidate these phenomena, we underscore the pivotal role of epigenetic modifications in regulating gene expression, contributing to cellular diversity, and driving adaptive changes that can instigate therapeutic resistance. This review dissects essential epigenetic modifications - DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling - illustrating their significant yet complex contributions to cancer biology. While these changes offer potential avenues for therapeutic intervention due to their reversible nature, the interplay of epigenetic and genetic changes in cancer cells presents unique challenges that must be addressed to harness their full potential. By critically analyzing the current research landscape, we identify knowledge gaps and propose future research directions, exploring the potential of epigenetic therapies and discussing the obstacles in translating these concepts into effective treatments. This comprehensive review aims to stimulate further research and aid in developing innovative, patient-centered cancer therapies. Understanding the role of epigenetic modifications in cancer heterogeneity and drug resistance is critical for scientific advancement and paves the way towards improving patient outcomes in the fight against this formidable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Q Sadida
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Alanoud Abdulla
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sara Al Marzooqi
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
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7
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Vuletić A, Mirjačić Martinović K, Spasić J. Role of Histone Deacetylase 6 and Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibition in Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38258065 PMCID: PMC10818982 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), by deacetylation of multiple substrates and association with interacting proteins, regulates many physiological processes that are involved in cancer development and invasiveness such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Due to its ability to remove misfolded proteins, induce autophagy, and regulate unfolded protein response, HDAC6 plays a protective role in responses to stress and enables tumor cell survival. The scope of this review is to discuss the roles of HDCA6 and its implications for the therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). As HDAC6 is overexpressed in CRC, correlates with poor disease prognosis, and is not essential for normal mammalian development, it represents a good therapeutic target. Selective inhibition of HDAC6 impairs growth and progression without inducing major adverse events in experimental animals. In CRC, HDAC6 inhibitors have shown the potential to reduce tumor progression and enhance the therapeutic effect of other drugs. As HDAC6 is involved in the regulation of immune responses, HDAC6 inhibitors have shown the potential to improve antitumor immunity by increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, augmenting immune cell activity, and alleviating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, HDAC6 inhibitors may represent promising candidates to improve the effect of and overcome resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vuletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Katarina Mirjačić Martinović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Spasić
- Clinic for Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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8
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Chen R, Han X, Xu H, Xu J, Cao T, Shan Y, He F, Fang W, Li X. N-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus N pro induces proteasomal degradation of specificity protein 1 with reduced HDAC1 expression to evade from innate immune responses. J Virol 2023; 97:e0111523. [PMID: 37796122 PMCID: PMC10617410 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01115-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Of the flaviviruses, only CSFV and bovine viral diarrhea virus express Npro as the non-structural protein which is not essential for viral replication but functions to dampen host innate immunity. We have deciphered a novel mechanism with which CSFV uses to evade the host antiviral immunity by the N-terminal domain of its Npro to facilitate proteasomal degradation of Sp1 with subsequent reduction of HDAC1 and ISG15 expression. This is distinct from earlier findings involving Npro-mediated IRF3 degradation via the C-terminal domain. This study provides insights for further studies on how HDAC1 plays its role in antiviral immunity, and if and how other viral proteins, such as the core protein of CSFV, the nucleocapsid protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, or even other coronaviruses, exert antiviral immune responses via the Sp1-HDAC1 axis. Such research may lead to a deeper understanding of viral immune evasion strategies as part of their pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hankun Xu
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jidong Xu
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Cao
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Shan
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang He
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihuan Fang
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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9
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Cheng Z, Li S, Yuan J, Li Y, Cheng S, Huang S, Dong J. HDAC1 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes cancer cell invasion in glioblastoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154481. [PMID: 37121053 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malignant tumors of the central nervous system, and its treatment has always been a difficult clinical problem. Here, we evaluated HDAC1 expression patterns and their effect on prognosis based on GBM cases from TCGA and CGGA databases. Expression was compared between GBM samples and normal controls. High HDAC1 expression was found to be an indicator of poor prognosis in glioblastoma. We also established a protein-protein interaction network to explore HDAC1-related interacting proteins, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein VIM, which is closely associated with HDAC1. Consistently, functional enrichment analysis showed that several GBM tissues with high HDAC1 were enriched in the expression of cancer markers, such as those involved in glycolysis, hypoxia, inflammation, and some signaling pathways. Next, this study analyzed the effect of HDAC1 on invasive ability and the EMT signaling pathway in GBM cells in vitro. The results showed that an HDAC1 inhibitor (RGFP109) could inhibit the EMT process in glioma cells in vitro, thereby affecting the invasion and migration of cells. Similar results were obtained based on in vivo studies. Our data suggest that HDAC1 has the potential to be a powerful prognostic biomarker, which might provide a basis for developing therapeutic targets for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Suwen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jiaqi Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Shilu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
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Cao Y, Ning B, Tian Y, Lan T, Chu Y, Ren F, Wang Y, Meng Q, Li J, Jia B, Chang Z. CREPT Disarms the Inhibitory Activity of HDAC1 on Oncogene Expression to Promote Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194797. [PMID: 36230720 PMCID: PMC9562184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It has been proposed that highly expressed HDAC1 (histone deacetylases 1) removes the acetyl group from the histones at the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes to block their expression in tumors. We here revealed the underlying mechanism that HDAC1 differentially regulates the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In detail, we found that HDAC1 is unable to occupy the promoters of oncogenes but maintains its occupancy with the tumor suppressors due to its interaction with an oncoprotein, CREPT (cell cycle-related and expression-elevated protein in tumor). Abstract Histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1), an enzyme that functions to remove acetyl molecules from ε-NH3 groups of lysine in histones, eliminates the histone acetylation at the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes to block their expression during tumorigenesis. However, it remains unclear why HDAC1 fails to impair oncogene expression. Here we report that HDAC1 is unable to occupy at the promoters of oncogenes but maintains its occupancy with the tumor suppressors due to its interaction with CREPT (cell cycle-related and expression-elevated protein in tumor, also named RPRD1B), an oncoprotein highly expressed in tumors. We observed that CREPT competed with HDAC1 for binding to oncogene (such as CCND1, CLDN1, VEGFA, PPARD and BMP4) promoters but not the tumor suppressor gene (such as p21 and p27) promoters by a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) qPCR experiment. Using immunoprecipitation experiments, we deciphered that CREPT specifically occupied at the oncogene promoter via TCF4, a transcription factor activated by Wnt signaling. In addition, we performed a real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis on cells that stably over-expressed CREPT and/or HDAC1, and we propose that HDAC1 inhibits CREPT to activate oncogene expression under Wnt signaling activation. Our findings revealed that HDAC1 functions differentially on tumor suppressors and oncogenes due to its interaction with the oncoprotein CREPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bobin Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tingwei Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunxiang Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China
| | - Fangli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yinyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jun Li
- Qingda Cell Biotech Inc., Beijing 100084, China
| | - Baoqing Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- Correspondence: (B.J.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-(10)-62773624 (B.J.); +86-(10)-62785076 (Z.C.)
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (B.J.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-(10)-62773624 (B.J.); +86-(10)-62785076 (Z.C.)
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11
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Sun Y, Hong JH, Ning Z, Pan D, Fu X, Lu X, Tan J. Therapeutic potential of tucidinostat, a subtype-selective HDAC inhibitor, in cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:932914. [PMID: 36120308 PMCID: PMC9481063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.932914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is one of the most characterized epigenetic modifiers, modulating chromatin structure and gene expression, which plays an important role in cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis. Dysregulation of HDAC promotes cancer progression, thus inhibitors targeting HDACs have evidently shown therapeutic efficacy in multiple cancers. Tucidinostat (formerly known as chidamide), a novel subtype-selective HDAC inhibitor, inhibits Class I HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, as well as Class IIb HDAC10. Tucidinostat is approved in relapsed or refractory (R/R) peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), advanced breast cancer and R/R adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL). Compared with other HDAC inhibitors, tucidinostat shows notable antitumor activity, remarkable synergistic effect with immunotherapy, and manageable toxicity. Here, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in tucidinostat as both monotherapy and a regimen of combination therapy in both hematological and solid malignancies in clinic. Further studies will endeavor to identify more combination strategies with tucidinostat and to identify specific clinical biomarkers to predict the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Han Hong
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Ning
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Desi Pan
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianping Lu
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Tan, ; Xianping Lu,
| | - Jing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Tan, ; Xianping Lu,
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12
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Sarvari P, Sarvari P, Ramírez-Díaz I, Mahjoubi F, Rubio K. Advances of Epigenetic Biomarkers and Epigenome Editing for Early Diagnosis in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179521. [PMID: 36076918 PMCID: PMC9455804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are known to regulate cell phenotype during cancer progression, including breast cancer. Unlike genetic alterations, changes in the epigenome are reversible, thus potentially reversed by epi-drugs. Breast cancer, the most common cause of cancer death worldwide in women, encompasses multiple histopathological and molecular subtypes. Several lines of evidence demonstrated distortion of the epigenetic landscape in breast cancer. Interestingly, mammary cells isolated from breast cancer patients and cultured ex vivo maintained the tumorigenic phenotype and exhibited aberrant epigenetic modifications. Recent studies indicated that the therapeutic efficiency for breast cancer regimens has increased over time, resulting in reduced mortality. Future medical treatment for breast cancer patients, however, will likely depend upon a better understanding of epigenetic modifications. The present review aims to outline different epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ncRNAs with their impact on breast cancer, as well as to discuss studies highlighting the central role of epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis. We propose new research areas that may facilitate locus-specific epigenome editing as breast cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Sarvari
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P.O. Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Pouya Sarvari
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
- Facultad de Biotecnología, Campus Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Frouzandeh Mahjoubi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P.O. Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Song C, Lin W, Meng H, Li N, Geng Q. Integrated Analysis Reveals the Potential Significance of HDAC Family Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:862977. [PMID: 36072664 PMCID: PMC9441483 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.862977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases comprise a family of 18 genes, and classical HDACs are a promising class of novel anticancer drug targets. However, to date, no systematic study has been comprehensive to reveal the potential significance of these 18 genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we used a systematic bioinformatics approach to comprehensively describe the biological characteristics of the HDACs in LUAD. Unsupervised consensus clustering was performed to identify LUAD molecular subtypes. The ssGSEA, CIBERSORT, MCP counter, and ESTIMATE algorithms were used to depict the tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape. The Cox proportional hazards model and LASSO regression analyses were used to construct the HDAC scoring system for evaluating the prognosis of individual tumors. In this study, three distinct HDAC-mediated molecular subtypes were determined, which were also related to different clinical outcomes and biological pathways. HDACsCluster-C subtype had lowest PD-L1/PD-1/CTLA4 expression and immune score. The constructed HDAC scoring system (HDACsScore) could be used as an independent predictor to assess patient prognosis and effectively identify patients with different prognosis. High- and low-HDACsScore groups presented distinct genetic features, immune infiltration, and biological processes. The high-HDACsScore group was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy, as well as from the application of common chemotherapeutic agents (cyclopamine, docetaxel, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and pyrimethamine). Overall, HDAC family genes play important roles in LUAD, and the three LUAD subtypes and the HDAC scoring system identified in this study would help enhance our perception of LUAD prognostic differences and provide important insights into the efficacy of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Xie Y, Li Z, Xu H, Ma J, Li T, Shi C, Jin J. Downregulation of Sp1 Inhibits the Expression of HDAC1/SOX10 to Alleviate Neuropathic Pain-like Behaviors after Spinal Nerve Ligation in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1446-1455. [PMID: 35420781 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific protein 1 (Sp1) is a member of the Sp/Kruppel-like factor family, which regulates cellular processes of neurons in the nervous system. This study was performed to examine the regulatory role and the underlying mechanism of transcription factor Sp1 in neuropathic pain (NP)-like behaviors after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Sp1 and histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) expressions were determined in the C57BL6 mouse model with NP-like behaviors after SNL, which demonstrated that Sp1 and HDAC1 elevation occurred in neurons in the spinal dorsal horn of SNL mice. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay verified that Sp1 was bound to the HDAC1 promoter region and HDAC1 to the SRY-box-containing gene 10 (SOX10) promoter region in the spinal dorsal horn. Immunofluorescence was performed to determine Sp1, HDAC1, and SOX10 in the spinal dorsal horn neurons as well as the neuronal marker (NeuN), microglial marker (Iba-1), and astrocyte marker (GFAP). The nociceptive test was performed to characterize the hindlimb paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) of mice 0-10 days after model establishment. Loss- and gain-of-function assays revealed that Sp1 promoted HDAC1 expression, and HDAC1 in turn promoted SOX10 expression. HDAC1 elevation reversed the effects of Sp1 silencing, and the increased PWT and PWL of SNL mice were negated after SOX10 overexpression. Meanwhile, SOX10 also restored the results by Sp1 knockdown. Collectively, downregulating Sp1 alleviates NP-like behaviors after SNL via the HDAC1/SOX10 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Zibo City, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Jiahai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Cunxian Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Jin Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
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15
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Alexanian AR, Brannon A. Unique combinations of epigenetic modifiers synergistically impair the viability of the U87 glioblastoma cell line while exhibiting minor or moderate effects on normal stem cell growth. Med Oncol 2022; 39:86. [PMID: 35478054 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries made over the last decade have shown that critical changes in cancer cells, such as activation of oncogenes and silencing of tumor suppressor genes are caused not only by genetic but also by epigenetic mechanisms. While epigenetic alterations are somatically heritable, in contrast to genetic changes, they are potentially reversible, making them perfect targets for therapeutic intervention. Covalent modifications of chromatin, such as methylation of DNA and acetylation and methylation of histones, are important components of epigenetic machinery. Multiple recent studies have shown that epigenetic modifiers are candidates for potent new drugs in multiple cancers' therapies, including gliomas, and several clinical trials are ongoing. However, as with other chemotherapeutic drugs, toxicity is one of the main concerns with some of the potent epigenetic drugs. Synergistic combinations of these agents are one approach to overcoming toxicity issues while enhancing efficacy. In this study, we demonstrated that while individually BIX01294, an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase G9a, DZNep, an inhibitor of lysine methyltransferase EZH2, and Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase at their low concentrations showed a moderate effect on the viability of U87 glioblastoma cells, in combinations they exhibited a synergistic effect. Importantly, these combinations exhibited minimal effect on adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) growth. Thus, unique combinations and concentrations of epigenetic modifiers, that synergistically attenuated the U87 glioblastoma cells while exhibiting minor or moderate effects on normal stem cell growth, have been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshak R Alexanian
- Cell Reprogramming & Therapeutics LLC, 10437 W Innovation Dr, Wauwatosa (Milwaukee county), WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Avonlea Brannon
- Cell Reprogramming & Therapeutics LLC, 10437 W Innovation Dr, Wauwatosa (Milwaukee county), WI, 53226, USA
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16
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Weiss F, Lauffenburger D, Friedl P. Towards targeting of shared mechanisms of cancer metastasis and therapy resistance. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:157-173. [PMID: 35013601 PMCID: PMC10399972 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to therapeutic treatment and metastatic progression jointly determine a fatal outcome of cancer. Cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance are traditionally studied as separate fields using non-overlapping strategies. However, emerging evidence, including from in vivo imaging and in vitro organotypic culture, now suggests that both programmes cooperate and reinforce each other in the invasion niche and persist upon metastatic evasion. As a consequence, cancer cell subpopulations exhibiting metastatic invasion undergo multistep reprogramming that - beyond migration signalling - supports repair programmes, anti-apoptosis processes, metabolic adaptation, stemness and survival. Shared metastasis and therapy resistance signalling are mediated by multiple mechanisms, such as engagement of integrins and other context receptors, cell-cell communication, stress responses and metabolic reprogramming, which cooperate with effects elicited by autocrine and paracrine chemokine and growth factor cues present in the activated tumour microenvironment. These signals empower metastatic cells to cope with therapeutic assault and survive. Identifying nodes shared in metastasis and therapy resistance signalling networks should offer new opportunities to improve anticancer therapy beyond current strategies, to eliminate both nodular lesions and cells in metastatic transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Weiss
- Department of Cell Biology, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Douglas Lauffenburger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Cancer Genomics Center, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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li X, Huo F, Zhang Y, Cheng F, Yin C. Enzyme-activated Prodrugs and Their Release Mechanisms for Treatment of Cancer. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5504-5519. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00922f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-activated prodrugs have received a lot of attention in recent years. These prodrugs have low toxicity to cells before they are activated, and when they interact with specific enzymes, they...
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18
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Shin I, Park SH, Jung H, Kim Y. A fluorogenic probe targeting two spatially separated enzymes for selective imaging of cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4079-4082. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01082h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe a fluorogenic probe BocLys(Ac)-AB-FC targeting both histone deacetylases (HDACs) and cathepsin L, which are overexpressed in spatially separated subcellular organelles of cancer cells. The results show that the...
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19
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Goehringer N, Peng Y, Nitzsche B, Biermann H, Pradhan R, Schobert R, Herling M, Höpfner M, Biersack B. Improved Anticancer Activities of a New Pentafluorothio-Substituted Vorinostat-Type Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121319. [PMID: 34959719 PMCID: PMC8704709 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new anticancer drugs is necessary in order deal with the disease and with the drawbacks of currently applied drugs. Epigenetic dysregulations are a central hallmark of cancerogenesis and histone deacetylases (HDACs) emerged as promising anticancer targets. HDAC inhibitors are promising epigenetic anticancer drugs and new HDAC inhibitors are sought for in order to obtain potent drug candidates. The new HDAC inhibitor SF5-SAHA was synthesized and analyzed for its anticancer properties. The new compound SF5-SAHA showed strong inhibition of tumor cell growth with IC50 values similar to or lower than that of the clinically applied reference compound vorinostat/SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid). Target specific HDAC inhibition was demonstrated by Western blot analyses. Unspecific cytotoxic effects were not observed in LDH-release measurements. Pro-apoptotic formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3 activity induction in prostate carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines DU145 and Hep-G2 seem to be further aspects of the mode of action. Antiangiogenic activity of SF5-SAHA was observed on chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized chicken eggs (CAM assay). The presence of the pentafluorothio-substituent of SF5-SAHA increased the antiproliferative effects in both solid tumor and leukemia/lymphoma cell models when compared with its parent compound vorinostat. Based on this preliminary study, SF5-SAHA has the prerequisites to be further developed as a new HDAC inhibitory anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Goehringer
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (B.N.); (H.B.)
| | - Yayi Peng
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Oncoproteome, University Hospital Cologne, Weyertal 115c, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (Y.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Bianca Nitzsche
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (B.N.); (H.B.)
| | - Hannah Biermann
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (B.N.); (H.B.)
| | - Rohan Pradhan
- Care Group Sight Solution Pvt. Ltd., Dabhasa, Vadodara 391440, India;
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Marco Herling
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Oncoproteome, University Hospital Cologne, Weyertal 115c, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (Y.P.); (M.H.)
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Hematology, Cell Therapy and Hemostaseology, Liebigstraße 22, House 7, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Höpfner
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (B.N.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (B.B.)
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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Inhibits HDAC1 Expression To Facilitate Its Replication via Binding of Its Nucleocapsid Protein to Host Transcription Factor Sp1. J Virol 2021; 95:e0085321. [PMID: 34232065 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00853-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus causing acute intestinal infection in pigs, with high mortality often seen in neonatal pigs. The newborns rely on innate immune responses against invading pathogens because of lacking adaptive immunity. However, how PEDV disables the innate immunity of newborns toward severe infection remains unknown. We found that PEDV infection led to reduced expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs), especially HDAC1, in porcine IPEC-J2 cells. HDACs are considered important regulators of innate immunity. We hypothesized that PEDV interacts with certain host factors to regulate HDAC1 expression in favor of its replication. We show that HDAC1 acted as a negative regulator of PEDV replication in IPEC-J2 cells, as shown by chemical inhibition, gene knockout, and overexpression. A GC-box (GCCCCACCCCC) within the HDAC1 promoter region was identified for Sp1 binding in IPEC-J2 cells. Treatment of the cells with Sp1 inhibitor mithramycin A inhibited HDAC1 expression, indicating direct regulation of HDAC1 expression by Sp1. Of the viral proteins that were overexpressed in IPEC-J2 cells, the N protein was found to be present in the nuclei and more inhibitory to HDAC1 transcription. The putative nuclear localization sequence 261PKKNKSR267 contributed to its nuclear localization. The N protein interacted with Sp1 and interfered with its binding to the promoter region, thereby inhibiting its transcriptional activity for HDAC1 expression. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of PEDV evasion of the host responses, offering implications for studying the infection processes of other coronaviruses. IMPORTANCE The enteric coronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes fatal acute intestinal infection in neonatal pigs that rely on innate immune responses. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in innate immune regulation. Our study found PEDV suppresses HDAC1 expression via the interaction of its N protein and porcine Sp1, which identified a novel mechanism of PEDV evasion of the host responses to benefit its replication. This study suggests that other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, also make use of their N proteins to intercept the host immune responses in favor of their infection.
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Expression of HDACs 1, 3 and 8 Is Upregulated in the Presence of Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Uveal Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164146. [PMID: 34439300 PMCID: PMC8393956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma (UM) is an ocular malignancy which is derived from melanocytes in the uveal tract. Epigenetic regulators such as Histone Deacetylase (HDACs) inhibitors are being tested as treatment of UM metastases. Expression of different HDACs is variable, and some are increased in high-risk tumors with loss of one chromosome 3. As this genetic abnormality is also associated with an inflammatory phenotype, we analyzed whether HDAC expression was influenced by inflammation. In two cohorts of UM cases, expression of several HDACs showed a positive correlation with tumor-infiltrating T cells, while HDACs 2 and 11 showed a negative association with macrophages. Interferon-γ stimulated expression of some HDACs on UM cell lines. These data suggest that cytokines produced by T cells may be responsible for the increased expression of some HDACs in UM with monosomy 3. Abstract In Uveal Melanoma (UM), an inflammatory phenotype is strongly associated with the development of metastases and with chromosome 3/BAP1 expression loss. As an increased expression of several Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) was associated with loss of chromosome 3, this suggested that HDAC expression might also be related to inflammation. We analyzed HDAC expression and the presence of leukocytes by mRNA expression in two sets of UM (Leiden and TCGA) and determined the T lymphocyte fraction through ddPCR. Four UM cell lines were treated with IFNγ (50IU, 200IU). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used for mRNA measurement of HDACs in cultured cells. In both cohorts (Leiden and TCGA), a positive correlation occurred between expression of HDACs 1, 3 and 8 and the presence of a T-cell infiltrate, while expression of HDACs 2 and 11 was negatively correlated with the presence of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Stimulation of UM cell lines with IFNγ induced an increase in HDACs 1, 4, 5, 7 and 8 in two out of four UM cell lines. We conclude that the observed positive correlations between HDAC expression and chromosome 3/BAP1 loss may be related to the presence of infiltrating T cells.
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22
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Unraveling the Epigenetic Role and Clinical Impact of Histone Deacetylases in Neoplasia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081346. [PMID: 34441281 PMCID: PMC8394077 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have long been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression demonstrating their important participation in neoplasia. Therefore, numerous studies have been performed, highlighting the mechanism of HDACs action in tumor cells and demonstrating the potential role of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of different cancer types. The outcome of these studies further delineated and strengthened the solid role that HDACs and epigenetic modifications exert in neoplasia. These results have spread promise regarding the potential use of HDACs as prospective therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the clinical significance of HDAC expression and their use as biomarkers in cancer has not been extensively elucidated. The aim of our study is to emphasize the clinical significance of HDAC isoforms expression in different tumor types and the correlations noted between the clinicopathological parameters of tumors and patient outcomes. We further discuss the obstacles that the next generation HDAC inhibitors need to overcome, for them to become more potent.
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23
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Castillo-Juárez P, Sanchez SC, Chávez-Blanco AD, Mendoza-Figueroa HL, Correa-Basurto J. Apoptotic Effects of N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Propylpentanamide on U87-MG and U-2 OS Cells and Antiangiogenic Properties. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1451-1459. [PMID: 32723256 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200728125356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are important therapeutic targets for many types of human cancers. A derivative of valproic acid, N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HOAAVPA), has antiproliferative properties on some cancer cell lines and inhibits the HDAC1 isoform. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, HO-AAVPA was tested as an antiproliferative agent in U87-MG (human glioblastoma) and U-2 OS cells (human osteosarcoma), which are types of cancer that are difficult to treat, and its antiangiogenic properties were explored. RESULTS HO-AAVPA had antiproliferative effects at 48h with an IC50=0.655mM in U87-MG cells and an IC50=0.453mM in U-2 OS cells. Additionally, in the colony formation assay, HO-AAVPA decreased the number of colonies by approximately 99% in both cell lines and induced apoptosis by 31.3% in the U-2 OS cell line and by 78.2% in the U87-MG cell line. Additionally, HO-AAVPA reduced the number of vessels in Chorioallantoic Membranes (CAMs) by approximately 67.74% and IL-6 levels in both cell lines suggesting that the biochemical mechanism on cancer cell of HO-AAVPA is different compared to VPA. CONCLUSION HO-AAVPA has antiproliferative effects on glioblastoma and osteosarcoma and antiangiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castillo-Juárez
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico, CDMX. 11340, Mexico
| | - Sebastián C Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico, CDMX. 11340, Mexico
| | - Alma D Chávez-Blanco
- Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Intituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Humberto L Mendoza-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Diseno y Desarrollo de Nuevos Farmacos e Innovacion Biotecnologica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Miron, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseno y Desarrollo de Nuevos Farmacos e Innovacion Biotecnologica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Miron, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico
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24
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Liu YR, Wang JQ, Huang ZG, Chen RN, Cao X, Zhu DC, Yu HX, Wang XR, Zhou HY, Xia Q, Li J. Histone deacetylase‑2: A potential regulator and therapeutic target in liver disease (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:131. [PMID: 34013366 PMCID: PMC8136123 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetyltransferases are responsible for histone acetylation, while histone deacetylases (HDACs) counteract histone acetylation. An unbalanced dynamic between histone acetylation and deacetylation may lead to aberrant chromatin landscape and chromosomal function. HDAC2, a member of class I HDAC family, serves a crucial role in the modulation of cell signaling, immune response and gene expression. HDAC2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for liver disease by regulating gene transcription, chromatin remodeling, signal transduction and nuclear reprogramming, thus receiving attention from researchers and clinicians. The present review introduces biological information of HDAC2 and its physiological and biochemical functions. Secondly, the functional roles of HDAC2 in liver disease are discussed in terms of hepatocyte apoptosis and proliferation, liver regeneration, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Moreover, abnormal expression of HDAC2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of liver disease, and its expression levels and pharmacological activity may represent potential biomarkers of liver disease. Finally, research on selective HDAC2 inhibitors and non-coding RNAs relevant to HDAC2 expression in liver disease is also reviewed. The aim of the present review was to improve understanding of the multifunctional role and potential regulatory mechanism of HDAC2 in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Gang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Ruo-Nan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Chun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Quan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Anti‑inflammatory Immune Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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25
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Rodriguez-Casanova A, Costa-Fraga N, Bao-Caamano A, López-López R, Muinelo-Romay L, Diaz-Lagares A. Epigenetic Landscape of Liquid Biopsy in Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622459. [PMID: 33614651 PMCID: PMC7892964 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, there is a clinical need to improve early detection of CRC and personalize therapy for patients with this disease. In the era of precision oncology, liquid biopsy has emerged as a major approach to characterize the circulating tumor elements present in body fluids, including cell-free DNA and RNA, circulating tumor cells, and extracellular vesicles. This non-invasive tool has allowed the identification of relevant molecular alterations in CRC patients, including some indicating the disruption of epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic alterations found in solid and liquid biopsies have shown great utility as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, monitoring, and evaluation of therapeutic response in CRC patients. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the most relevant epigenetic mechanisms associated with cancer development and progression, and the implications of their deregulation in cancer cells and liquid biopsy of CRC patients. In particular, we describe the methodologies used to analyze these epigenetic alterations in circulating tumor material, and we focus on the clinical utility of epigenetic marks in liquid biopsy as tumor biomarkers for CRC patients. We also discuss the great challenges and emerging opportunities of this field for the diagnosis and personalized management of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Rodriguez-Casanova
- Cancer Epigenomics Laboratory, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nicolás Costa-Fraga
- Cancer Epigenomics Laboratory, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aida Bao-Caamano
- Cancer Epigenomics Laboratory, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Cancer Epigenomics Laboratory, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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26
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Tang X, Wei Y, Wang J, Chen S, Cai J, Tang J, Xu X, Long B, Yu G, Zhang Z, He M, Qin J. Association between SIRT6 Methylation and Human Longevity in a Chinese Population. Public Health Genomics 2020; 23:190-199. [PMID: 33238266 DOI: 10.1159/000508832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 6 gene (SIRT6) is a longevity gene that is involved in a variety of metabolic pathways, but the relationship between SIRT6 methylation and longevity has not been clarified. METHODS We conducted a case-control study on 129 residents with a family history of longevity (1 of parents, themselves, or siblings aged ≥90 years) and 86 individuals without a family history of exceptional longevity to identify the association. DNA pyrosequencing was performed to analyze the methylation status of SIRT6 promoter CpG sites. qRT-PCR and ELISA were used to estimate the SIRT6 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and protein content. Six CpG sites (P1-P6) were identified as methylation variable positions in the SIRT6 promoter region. RESULTS At the P2 and P5 CpG sites, the methylation rates of the longevity group were lower than those of the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009), which might be independent determinants of longevity. The mRNA and protein levels of SIRT6 decreased in the control group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.038). The mRNA level negatively correlated with the methylation rates at the P2 (rs = -0.173, p = 0.011) and P5 sites (rs = -0.207, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the protein content positively correlated with the methylation rate at the P5 site (rs = 0.136, p = 0.046) but showed no significant correlation with the methylation rate at the P2 site. CONCLUSION The low level of SIRT6 methylation may be a potential protective factor of Chinese longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiexia Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bingshuang Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guoqi Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
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27
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Ottaiano A, Caraglia M, Di Mauro A, Botti G, Lombardi A, Galon J, Luce A, D’Amore L, Perri F, Santorsola M, Hermitte F, Savarese G, Tatangelo F, Granata V, Izzo F, Belli A, Scala S, Delrio P, Circelli L, Nasti G. Evolution of Mutational Landscape and Tumor Immune-Microenvironment in Liver Oligo-Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103073. [PMID: 33096795 PMCID: PMC7589866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary About 10% of colorectal cancer patients presents with oligo-metastatic disease. The aim of our study was to assess genetic and immunologic dynamics underlying the oligo-metastatic status, evaluating genotype-phenotype correlations in a clean and homogeneous clinical model of liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer. We show that loss of KRAS and SMAD4 mutations characterizes the oligo-metastatic disease while a progressive mutational evolution (gain in KRAS, PI3KCA, BRAF and SMAD4) is observed in poly-metastatic evolving disease. Furthermore, high granzyme-B+ T-cells infiltration is found in oligo-metastatic lesions. This study can support innovative strategies to monitor clinical evolution and to induce regressive genetic trajectories in cancer. Abstract Genetic dynamics underlying cancer progression are largely unknown and several genes involved in highly prevalent illnesses (e.g., hypertension, obesity, and diabetes) strongly concur to cancer phenotype heterogeneity. To study genotype-phenotype relationships contributing to the mutational evolution of colorectal cancer (CRC) with a focus on liver metastases, we performed genome profiling on tumor tissues of CRC patients with liver metastatic disease and no co-morbidities. We studied 523 cancer-related genes and tumor-immune microenvironment characteristics in primary and matched metastatic tissues. We observed a loss of KRAS and SMAD4 alterations and a high granzyme-B+ T-cell infiltration when the disease did not progress. Conversely, gain in KRAS, PIK3CA and SMAD4 alterations and scarce granzyme-B+ T-cells infiltration were observed when the tumor evolved towards a poly-metastatic spread. These findings provide novel insights into the identification of tumor oligo-metastatic status, indicating that some genes are on a boundary line between these two clinical settings (oligo- vs. poly-metastatic CRC). We speculate that the identification of these genes and modification of their evolution could be a new approach for anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ottaiano
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Cancers, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-590-3510; Fax: +39-081-771-4224
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.L.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Annabella Di Mauro
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.B.); (F.T.)
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.B.); (F.T.)
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.L.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Jerome Galon
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Sorbonne Université, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.L.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Luigi D’Amore
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (L.D.); (G.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesco Perri
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Cancers, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.N.)
| | | | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (L.D.); (G.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Fabiana Tatangelo
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.B.); (F.T.)
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Hepatic Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Belli
- Hepatic Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefania Scala
- Functional Genomics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Colorectal Abdominal Surgery Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luisa Circelli
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (L.D.); (G.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Cancers, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.N.)
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28
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Chen CY, Fang JY, Chen CC, Chuang WY, Leu YL, Ueng SH, Wei LS, Cheng SF, Hsueh C, Wang TH. 2-O-Methylmagnolol, a Magnolol Derivative, Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Inhibiting Class I Histone Deacetylase Expression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1319. [PMID: 32850418 PMCID: PMC7431949 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis is widely used in Southeast Asian countries for the treatment of fever, headache, diarrhea, and stroke. Magnolol is a phenolic compound extracted from M. officinalis, with proven antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, we modified magnolol to synthesize a methoxylated derivative, 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1), and investigated the use of MM1, and magnolol in the treatment of liver cancer. We found that both magnolol and MM1 exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and halted the cell cycle at the G1 phase. MM1 also demonstrated a substantially better tumor-suppressive effect than magnolol. Further analysis suggested that by inhibiting class I histone deacetylase expression in HCC cell lines, magnolol and MM1 induced p21 expression and p53 activation, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inhibiting HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Subsequently, we verified the significant tumor-suppressive effects of magnolol and MM1 in an animal model. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the anti-HCC activities of magnolol and MM1 and their potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shan Wei
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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29
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Darwiche N. Epigenetic mechanisms and the hallmarks of cancer: an intimate affair. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1954-1978. [PMID: 32774995 PMCID: PMC7407342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms comprising DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs affect chromatin structure and regulate gene expression. These mechanisms control normal embryonic development and adult life and their deregulation contributes to several diseases including cancer. The process of tumorigenesis is complex and results from the evolution of different "hallmarks of cancer". Hanahan and Weinberg presented in 2000 and 2011 seminal contributions in the cancer field, first the six hallmarks of cancer and a decade later two additional hallmarks and two enabling characteristics were added. Here, we surmise that epigenetic mechanisms regulate and contribute to every single hallmark in cancer, and thus represent the hallmark of hallmarks in tumorigenesis. Focusing on epigenetics as a major hallmark in cancer formation has profound preventive, therapeutic, and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Darwiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
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30
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Sun IC, Yoon HY, Lim DK, Kim K. Recent Trends in In Situ Enzyme-Activatable Prodrugs for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1012-1024. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In-Cheol Sun
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yeol Yoon
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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31
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Xiang M, Jiang HG, Shu Y, Chen YJ, Jin J, Zhu YM, Li MY, Wu JN, Li J. Bisdemethoxycurcumin Enhances the Sensitivity of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Icotinib via Dual Induction of Autophagy and Apoptosis. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1536-1550. [PMID: 32226300 PMCID: PMC7097919 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type is intrinsic resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, we assessed whether the combination of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) and icotinib could surmount primary EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC cells and investigated its molecular mechanism. Results showed that the combination of BDMC and icotinib produced potently synergistic growth inhibitory effect on primary EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines H460 (EGFR wild-type and K-ras mutation) and H1781 (EGFR wild-type and Her2 mutation). Compared with BDMC or icotinib alone, the two drug combination induced more significant apoptosis and autophagy via suppressing EGFR activity and interaction of Sp1 and HDCA1/HDCA2, which was accompanied by accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of DNA damage, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion. ROS inhibitor (NAC) and autophagy inhibitors (CQ or 3-MA) partially reversed BDMC plus icotinib-induced growth inhibitory effect on the NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, co-treatment with NAC attenuated the two drug combination-induced autophagy, apoptosis, DNA damage and decrease of cell migration and invasion ability. Also, 3-MA or CQ can abate the combination treatment-induced apoptosis and DNA damage, suggesting that there is crosstalk between different signaling pathways in the effect produced by the combination treatment. Our data indicate that BMDC has the potential to improve the treatment of primary EGFR-TKI resistant NISCLC that cannot be controlled with single-target agent, such as icotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - He-Guo Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Center of Medical Experiment, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yu-Min Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Mei-Yu Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Jian-Nong Wu
- Department of pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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32
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Boltz TA, Khuri S, Wuchty S. Promoter conservation in HDACs points to functional implications. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:613. [PMID: 31351464 PMCID: PMC6660948 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the proteins responsible for removing the acetyl group from lysine residues of core histones in chromosomes, a crucial component of gene regulation. Eleven known HDACs exist in humans and most other vertebrates. While the basic function of HDACs has been well characterized and new discoveries are still being made, the transcriptional regulation of their corresponding genes is still poorly understood. Results Here, we conducted a computational analysis of the eleven HDAC promoter sequences in 25 vertebrate species to determine whether transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are conserved in HDAC evolution, and if so, whether they provide useful information about HDAC expression and function. Furthermore, we used tissue-specific information of transcription factors to investigate the potential expression patterns of HDACs in different human tissues based on their transcription factor binding sites. We found that the TFBS profiles of most of the HDACs were well conserved in closely related species for all HDAC promoters except HDAC7 and HDAC10. HDAC5 had particularly strong conservation across over half of the species studied, with nearly identical profiles in the primate species. Our comparisons of TFBSs with the tissue specific gene expression profiles of their corresponding TFs showed that most HDACs had the ability to be ubiquitously expressed. A few HDAC promoters exhibited the potential for preferential expression in certain tissues, most notably HDAC11 in gall bladder, while HDAC9 seemed to have less propensity for expression in the nervous system. Conclusions In general, we found evolutionary conservation in HDAC promoters that seems to be more prominent for the ubiquitously expressed HDACs. In turn, when conservation did not follow usual phylogeny, human TFBS patterns indicated possible functional relevance. While we found that HDACs appear to uniformly expressed, we confirm that the functional differences in HDACs may be less a matter of location of activity than a question of which proteins and which acetyl groups they may be acting on. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5973-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni A Boltz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.,Present address: University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sawsan Khuri
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Stefan Wuchty
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Center of Computational Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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33
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Zhang Y, Chen J, Wu SS, Lv MJ, Yu YS, Tang ZH, Chen XH, Zang GQ. HOXA10 knockdown inhibits proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through HDAC1. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7065-7076. [PMID: 31440094 PMCID: PMC6666378 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s199239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Homeobox A10 (HOXA10) has been implicated in the development and progression of various human cancers. However, the precise biological functions of HOXA10 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been defined. Methods In this study, we examined mRNA expression by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) of HOXA10 as well as histone deacetylase (HDAC) and protein levels by Western blot of HOXA10, HDAC1, Cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Survivin and p53 acetylation in HCC tissues and cell lines. We also assessed cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and analyzed cell cycle by flow cytometry. Furthermore, tumor growth of HCC cells in vivo was monitored using the nude mouse xenograft model. Finally, HDAC1 promoter activity and binding in HCC cell lines were detected by luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), respectively. Results We uncovered the elevated expression of HOXA10 in HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal liver tissues. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of HOXA10 inhibited HCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. HOXA10 knockdown also induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis, which were accompanied with the reduced expression of Cyclin D1, PCNA and Survivin. Notably, HOXA10 knockdown enhanced p53 acetylation (Lys382), which is crucial to the activation of p53. Likewise, HOXA10 knockdown suppressed the transcription of HDAC1, a potential deacetylase for p53. In line with these observations, HDAC1 downregulation abrogated the effects of HOXA10 overexpression on proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and p53 acetylation, indicating the role of HDAC1 in mediating HOXA10 functions. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that HOXA10 knockdown inhibits proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCC cells by regulating HDAC1 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Jiao Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Sheng Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hao Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qing Zang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
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Ghanbari M, Safaralizadeh R, Mohammadi K. A Review on Important Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) Enzymes as Targets for Cancer Therapy. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180720152100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At the present time, cancer is one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. There are various factors involved in the development of cancer, including genetic factors, lifestyle, nutrition, and so on. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic factors have a critical role in the initiation and development of tumors. The histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and other PTMs are important mechanisms that regulate the status of chromatin structure and this regulation leads to the control of gene expression. The histone acetylation is conducted by histone acetyltransferase enzymes (HATs), which are involved in transferring an acetyl group to conserved lysine amino acids of histones and consequently increase gene expression. On the basis of similarity in catalytic domains of HATs, these enzymes are divided into different groups such as families of GNAT, MYST, P300/CBP, SRC/P160, and so on. These enzymes have effective roles in apoptosis, signaling pathways, metastasis, cell cycle, DNA repair and other related mechanisms deregulated in cancer. Abnormal activation of HATs leads to uncontrolled amplification of cells and incidence of malignancy signs. This indicates that HAT might be an important target for effective cancer treatments, and hence there would be a need for further studies and designing of therapeutic drugs on this basis. In this study, we have reviewed the important roles of HATs in different human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kiyanoush Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Chen P, Huang HP, Wang Y, Jin J, Long WG, Chen K, Zhao XH, Chen CG, Li J. Curcumin overcome primary gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells through inducing autophagy-related cell death. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:254. [PMID: 31196210 PMCID: PMC6567416 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are being wildly used as target therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR and KRAS mutation are primary resistant to EGFR-TKIs such as gefitinib. Curcumin has been known as a potential therapeutic agent for several major human cancers. In this study, we investigated the effect of curcumin on the reversal of gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells as well as their molecular bases. METHODS H157 (wild-type EGFR and KARS mutation) and H1299 (wild-type EGFR and HRAS mutation) cells were treated with gefitinib or curcumin alone, or the two combination, and then cell viability, EGFR activity, expressions of Sp1 and Sp1-dependent proteins and receptor tyrosine kinases, markers of autophagy and apoptosis were examined by using CCK-8, colony formation, immunoblot, quantitative PCR, immunofluoscence, and flow cytometry assays. Also xenograft experiments were conduced to test the synergism of curcumin to gefitinib. RESULTS Our results showed that curcumin significantly enhanced inhibitory effect of gefitinib on primary gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines H157 and H1299. Combination treatment with curcumin and gefitinib markedly downregulated EGFR activity through suppressing Sp1 and blocking interaction of Sp1 and HADC1, and markedly suppressed receptor tyrosine kinases as well as ERK/MEK and AKT/S6K pathways in the resistant NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, combination treatment of curcumin and gefitinib caused dramatic autophagy induction, autophagic cell death and autophagy-mediated apoptosis, compared to curcumin or gefitinib treatment alone, as evidenced by the findings that curcumin and gefitinib combination treatment-produced synergistic growth inhibition and apoptosis activation can be reversed by pharmacological autophagy inhibitors (Baf A1 or 3-MA) or knockdown of Beclin-1 or ATG7, also can be partially returned by pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) in H157 and H1299 cells. Xenograft experiments in vivo yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the synergism of curcumin on gefitinib was autophagy dependent. Curcumin can be used as a sensitizer to enhance the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs and overcome the EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR and/or KRAS mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Han-Peng Huang
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Yi Wang
- grid.452247.2Center of Medical Experimental, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Jun Jin
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Wei-Guo Long
- grid.452247.2Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Kan Chen
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhao
- grid.452247.2Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Chen-Guo Chen
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
| | - Jian Li
- grid.452247.2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjing, 212001 China
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Qin J, Wen B, Liang Y, Yu W, Li H. Histone Modifications and their Role in Colorectal Cancer (Review). Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:2023-2033. [PMID: 31055775 PMCID: PMC7471167 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer is a complex and multistep process mediated by a variety of factors including the dysregulation of genetic and epigenetic under the influence of microenvironment. It is evident that epigenetics that affects gene activity and expression has been recognized as a critical role in the carcinogenesis. Aside from DNA methylation, miRNA level, and genomic imprinting, histone modification is increasingly recognized as an essential mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. Aberrant regulation of histone modification like acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation levels on specific residues is implicated in a wide spectrum of cancers, including colorectal cancer. In addition, as this process is reversible and accompanied by a plethora of deregulated enzymes, inhibiting those histone-modifying enzymes activity and regulating its level has been thought of as a potential path for tumor therapy. This review provides insight into the basic information of histone modification and its application in the colorectal cancer treatment, thereby offering new potential targets for treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Qin
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Yuqi Liang
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weitao Yu
- Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huixuan Li
- Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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37
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Controlling metastatic cancer: the role of phytochemicals in cell signaling. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1087-1109. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Kyaw MTH, Yamaguchi Y, Choijookhuu N, Yano K, Takagi H, Takahashi N, Synn Oo P, Sato K, Hishikawa Y. The HDAC Inhibitor, SAHA, Combined with Cisplatin Synergistically Induces Apoptosis in Alpha-fetoprotein-producing Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma Cells. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2019; 52:1-8. [PMID: 30923410 PMCID: PMC6434315 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.18044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare and aggressive gastrointestinal tract cancer that is characterized by hepatic differentiation and production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Cisplatin is mainly used to treat HAC, but the efficacy is poor. Recently, the histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), was approved as an anticancer agent. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of SAHA in combination with cisplatin in VAT-39 cells, a newly established HAC cell line. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT assay, flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Expression of H3S10, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. AFP levels were examined in VAT-39 cells and culture medium. Combined treatment with cisplatin and SAHA efficiently inhibited cell proliferation and decreased cell viability. Apoptotic cells, but not necrotic cells, were significantly increased following the combined treatment, and an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio indicated that the combination of cisplatin and SAHA induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. VAT-39 cells treated with cisplatin and SAHA also partially lost their main characteristic of AFP production. We conclude that cisplatin and SAHA have a synergistic anticancer effect of inducing apoptosis, and that this combination treatment may be effective for HAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myat Tin Htwe Kyaw
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Yuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Narantsog Choijookhuu
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Koichi Yano
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Nobuyasu Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy, Ultrastructural Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Phyu Synn Oo
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine 1
| | - Katsuaki Sato
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
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Stebe-Frick S, Ostaff MJ, Stange EF, Malek NP, Wehkamp J. Histone deacetylase-mediated regulation of the antimicrobial peptide hBD2 differs in intestinal cell lines and cultured tissue. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12886. [PMID: 30150730 PMCID: PMC6110836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibition (HDACi) has been suggested as a promising approach to bolster TLR-mediated induction of antimicrobial peptides such as human β-defensin 2 (hBD2). In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) patients display an attenuated expression of hBD2 as compared to ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we aimed to study if combining HDACi with the therapeutic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), a strong hBD2 inducer, might be a feasible strategy to further modify protective immune responses. Monolayer epithelial cell lines versus cultured human biopsies from healthy controls and CD and UC patients showed diverse effects. In mono-cell systems, we observed a strong NF-kB-dependent enhancement of TLR- but also IL1β-mediated hBD2 induction after HDACi. In contrast, multicellular colonic biopsy culture showed the opposite result and HDACi was associated with an abolished TLR-mediated hBD2 induction in all tested patient groups. Of note, CD patients showed an attenuated induction of hBD2 by E. coli Nissle as compared to UC. We conclude that the role of HDACs in hBD2 regulation is context-dependent and likely modified by different cell types. Differential induction in different IBD entities suggests different clinical response patterns based on still unknown hBD2-associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Stebe-Frick
- Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maureen J Ostaff
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany.,Scientific Affairs - Philips Image guided therapy devices, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Eduard F Stange
- Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nisar P Malek
- Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Wehkamp
- Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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Calegari-Silva TC, Vivarini ÁC, Pereira RDMS, Dias-Teixeira KL, Rath CT, Pacheco ASS, Silva GBL, Pinto CAS, Dos Santos JV, Saliba AM, Corbett CEP, de Castro Gomes CM, Fasel N, Lopes UG. Leishmania amazonensis downregulates macrophage iNOS expression via Histone Deacetylase 1 (HDAC1): a novel parasite evasion mechanism. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1188-1198. [PMID: 29645094 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The induced expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) controls the intracellular growth of Leishmania in infected macrophages. Histones deacetylases (HDACs) negatively regulate gene expression through the formation of complexes containing transcription factors such as NF-κB p50/50. Herein, we demonstrated the occupancy of p50/p50_HDAC1 to iNOS promoter associated with reduced levels of H3K9Ac. Remarkably, we found increased levels of HDAC1 in L. amazonensis-infected macrophages. HDAC1 upregulation was not found in L. major-infected macrophages. The parasite intracellular load was reduced in HDAC1 knocked-down macrophages, which presented increased nitric oxide levels. HDAC1 silencing led to the occupancy of CBP/p300 to iNOS promoter and the rise of H3K9Ac modification. Importantly, the immunostaining of skin samples from hiporeactive cutaneous leishmaniasis patients infected with L. amazonensis, revealed high levels of HDAC1. In brief, L. amazonensis induces HDAC1 in infected macrophages, which contribute to parasite survival and is associated to hiporeactive stage found in L. amazonensis infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa C Calegari-Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Áislan C Vivarini
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata de M S Pereira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karina L Dias-Teixeira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina T Rath
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda S S Pacheco
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle B L Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Charlene A S Pinto
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José V Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Saliba
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E P Corbett
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nicolas Fasel
- Departamento of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Ulisses G Lopes
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Cramer SL, Miller AL, Pressey JG, Gamblin TL, Beierle EA, Kulbersh BD, Garcia PL, Council LN, Radhakrishnan R, Hendrix SV, Kelly DR, Watts RG, Yoon KJ. Pediatric Anaplastic Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma: Targeted Therapy Guided by Genetic Analysis and a Patient-Derived Xenograft Study. Front Oncol 2018; 7:327. [PMID: 29376028 PMCID: PMC5768639 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy for rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has generally been limited to combinations of conventional cytotoxic agents similar to regimens originally developed in the late 1960s. Recently, identification of molecular alterations through next-generation sequencing of individual tumor specimens has facilitated the use of more targeted therapeutic approaches for various malignancies. Such targeted therapies have revolutionized treatment for some cancer types. However, malignancies common in children, thus far, have been less amenable to such targeted therapies. This report describes the clinical course of an 8-year-old female with embryonal RMS having anaplastic features. This patient experienced multiple relapses after receiving various established and experimental therapies. Genomic testing of this RMS subtype revealed mutations in BCOR, ARID1A, and SETD2 genes, each of which contributes to epigenetic regulation and interacts with or modifies the activity of histone deacetylases (HDAC). Based on these findings, the patient was treated with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat as a single agent. The tumor responded transiently followed by subsequent disease progression. We also examined the efficacy of vorinostat in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model developed using tumor tissue obtained from the patient’s most recent tumor resection. The antitumor activity of vorinostat observed with the PDX model reflected clinical observations in that obvious areas of tumor necrosis were evident following exposure to vorinostat. Histologic sections of tumors harvested from PDX tumor-bearing mice treated with vorinostat demonstrated induction of necrosis by this agent. We propose that the evaluation of clinical efficacy in this type of preclinical model merits further evaluation to determine if PDX models predict tumor sensitivity to specific agents and/or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart L Cramer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Aubrey L Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Joseph G Pressey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tracy L Gamblin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Beierle
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Brian D Kulbersh
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Patrick L Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Leona N Council
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,The Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rupa Radhakrishnan
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Skyler V Hendrix
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Biomedical Science Program, UAB Honors College, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - David R Kelly
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Raymond G Watts
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Karina J Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Ma XJ, Wang YS, Gu WP, Zhao X. The role and possible molecular mechanism of valproic acid in the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Croat Med J 2017; 58:349-357. [PMID: 29094813 PMCID: PMC5733376 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2017.58.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the role of valproic acid (VPA), a class I selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, on Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 breast cancer cells, named and explore its possible molecular mechanism. Methods MCF-7 cells were cultured with sodium valproate (0. 5-4.0 mmol/L) for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h in vitro, respectively. The cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle were examined. The activities and protein expressions of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were subsequently assayed. Finally, mRNA and protein expressions of cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and p21 were analyzed. Results Sodium valproate suppressed MCF-7 cell growth, induced cell apoptosis, and arrested G1 phase in a time- and concentration- dependent manner, with the relative cell viabilities decreased, cell apoptosis ratios increased, and percentage of G1 phase enhanced (P < 0.05). Increased activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not caspase-8, and increased protein levels were found under sodium valproate (2.0 mmol/L, 48h). P21 was up-regulated and cyclin D1 was down-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels under sodium valproate (2.0 mmol/L, 48h)(P < 0.05), although cyclin E and cyclin A remained changed. Conclusion These results indicate that VPA can suppress the growth of breast cancer MCF-7 cells by inducing apoptosis and arresting G1 phase. Intrinsic apoptotic pathway is dominant for VPA-induced apoptosis. For G1 phase arrest, p21 up-regulation and down-regulation of cyclin D1 may be the main molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xia Zhao
- Xia Zhao, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China,
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Zhu W, Li Z, Xiong L, Yu X, Chen X, Lin Q. FKBP3 Promotes Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells through Regulating Sp1/HDAC2/p27. Theranostics 2017; 7:3078-3089. [PMID: 28839465 PMCID: PMC5566107 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
FKBP3 is a member of FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs). Little is known about the expression and functional role(s) of FKBP3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we demonstrated up-regulation of FKBP3 expression, both at mRNA and protein levels, in NSCLC samples which closely correlated with poor survival in NSCLC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that FKBP3 could promote NSCLC cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of FKBP3 significantly decreased histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression and increased p27 (a cell cycle inhibitor) expression. HDAC2 modulated the acetylation of histone H3K4 by directly binding to the p27 promoter. The proliferation-promoting effect of FKBP3 was dependent on HDAC2 and inhibited by p27. Also, FKBP3 induced HDAC2 promoter activity via inhibiting the ubiquitination of transcription factor Sp1. Additionally, we identified miR-145-5p as a regulator of FKBP3. miR-145-5p overexpression suppressed cell proliferation of NSCLC cells which was abrogated by FKBP3 overexpression. Taken together, our data clearly show that FKBP3/Sp1/HDAC2/p27 control cell proliferation during NSCLC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwen Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kowalczyk AE, Krazinski BE, Godlewski J, Kiewisz J, Kwiatkowski P, Sliwinska-Jewsiewicka A, Kiezun J, Sulik M, Kmiec Z. Expression of the EP300, TP53 and BAX genes in colorectal cancer: Correlations with clinicopathological parameters and survival. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:201-210. [PMID: 28586030 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
E1A binding protein P300 (EP300), tumor protein P53 (TP53) and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX) genes encode proteins which cooperate to regulate important cellular processes. The present study aimed to determine the expression levels of EP300, TP53 and BAX in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to investigate their prognostic value and association with the progression of CRC. Tumor and matched unchanged colorectal tissues were collected from 121 CRC patients. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the mRNA and protein levels of the studied genes. Altered expression of the studied genes in CRC tissues was observed at both the mRNA and protein levels. The depth of invasion was associated with TP53 mRNA levels and was correlated negatively with BAX mRNA expression. Moreover, a relationship between tumor location and BAX mRNA content was noted. BAX immunoreactivity was correlated positively with the intensity of p300 immunostaining and was associated with lymph node involvement and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) disease stage. Univariate regression analysis revealed that overexpression of p53 and BAX in CRC tissues was associated with poor patient outcome. In conclusion, dysregulation of the expression of the studied genes was found to contribute to CRC pathogenesis. The association between p300 and BAX levels suggests the existence of an interdependent regulatory mechanism of their expression. Moreover, BAX expression may be regulated alternatively, in a p53-independent manner, since the lack of correlations between expression of these factors was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Kowalczyk
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej E Krazinski
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Janusz Godlewski
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kiewisz
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Kwiatkowski
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sliwinska-Jewsiewicka
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Kiezun
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marian Sulik
- Pathology Laboratory, University Clinical Hospital, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmiec
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
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45
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A CRISPR/Cas9 Functional Screen Identifies Rare Tumor Suppressors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38968. [PMID: 27982060 PMCID: PMC5159885 DOI: 10.1038/srep38968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An enormous amount of tumor sequencing data has been generated through large scale sequencing efforts. The functional consequences of the majority of mutations identified by such projects remain an open, unexplored question. This problem is particularly complicated in the case of rare mutations where frequency of occurrence alone or prediction of functional consequences are insufficient to distinguish driver from passenger or bystander mutations. We combine genome editing technology with a powerful mouse cancer model to uncover previously unsuspected rare oncogenic mutations in Burkitt's lymphoma. We identify two candidate tumor suppressors whose loss cooperate with MYC over-expression to accelerate lymphomagenesis. Our results highlight the utility of in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 screens combined with powerful mouse models to identify and validate rare oncogenic modifier events from tumor mutational data.
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Park J, Thomas S, Munster PN. Epigenetic modulation with histone deacetylase inhibitors in combination with immunotherapy. Epigenomics 2016; 7:641-52. [PMID: 26111034 DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the contribution of dysregulated gene silencing to epigenomic alterations in cancer development provides the rationale for the use of epigenetic modulators, such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, in cancer therapy. HDAC inhibitors have been approved as single agents for cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphoma and have shown promising activity in reversing therapy resistance in other tumor types. The effects of HDAC inhibitors on immune modulation have created a recent interest in their potential role in immunotherapy. This review describes the current understanding on integrating HDAC inhibitors into various immunotherapeutic approaches, such as cancer vaccines, adoptive T-cell transfer and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, it summarizes promising treatment strategies in epigenetic immune priming from clinical trials that are currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeenah Park
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Scott Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Pamela N Munster
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
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Effects of acute ethanol exposure on class I HDACs family enzymes in wild-type and BDNF(+/-) mice. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 155:68-75. [PMID: 26361715 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been associated with the development of addiction to different drugs of abuse, including ethanol (EtOH). EtOH exposure activates the BDNF-signaling cascade in dorsal striatum, which in turn affects further EtOH intake. Different alcohol exposures have been widely demonstrated to modulate chromatin remodeling, affecting histone acetylation/deacetylation balance. Recently, class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibition has been reported to modulate BDNF mRNA expression and to attenuate morphological and behavioral phenomena related to EtOH exposure. However, the role played by different HDAC isoforms in EtOH-induced plasticity is still unclear. METHODS We investigated the effects induced by acute EtOH exposure on the protein levels of class I HDAC 1-3 isoforms of wild-type (WT) and BDNF heterozygous mice (BDNF(+/-)), in nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts of specific brain regions associated with EtOH addiction. RESULTS Nuclear HDAC 1-3 levels were markedly reduced after acute EtOH treatment in the caudate putamen (CPu) of WT mice only. Furthermore, CPu basal levels of nuclear HDAC isoforms were significantly lower in BDNF(+/-) mice compared to WT. With the exception of nuclear HDAC 3, no significant changes were observed after acute EtOH treatment in the prefrontal cortex (PFCx) of BDNF(+/-) and WT mice. In this area, the nuclear HDAC basal levels were significantly different between the two experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS These results provide details about EtOH effects on class I HDAC isoforms and strongly support a correlation between BDNF and class I HDACs, suggesting a possible influence of BNDF on these enzymes.
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48
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Alexanian AR, Huang YW. Specific combinations of the chromatin-modifying enzyme modulators significantly attenuate glioblastoma cell proliferation and viability while exerting minimal effect on normal adult stem cells growth. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9067-72. [PMID: 26084611 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discoveries of recent decade showed that all critical changes in cancer cells, such as silencing of tumor-suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes, are caused not only by genetic but also by epigenetic mechanisms. Although epigenetic changes are somatically heritable, in contrast to genetic changes, they are potentially reversible, making them good targets for therapeutic intervention. Covalent modifications of chromatin such as methylation and acetylation of histones and methylation of DNA are the important components of epigenetic machinery. In this study, we investigated the effect of different modulators of DNA and histone covalent-modifying enzymes on the proliferation and viability of normal adult stem cells, such as human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and on malignant tumor cells, such as glioblastoma (GB) D54 cells. Results demonstrated that specific combinations of histone methyltransferases and deacetylases inhibitors significantly attenuated D54 cells viability but having only a small effect on hMSCs growth. Taken together, these studies suggest that specific combinations of histone covalent modifiers could be an effective treatment option for the most aggressive type of primary brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshak R Alexanian
- Cell Reprogramming & Therapeutics LLC, W229 N1870 Westwood Drive, Waukesha, WI, 53186, USA.
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3522, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3522, USA.
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49
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Yang H, Yan B, Liao D, Huang S, Qiu Y. Acetylation of HDAC1 and degradation of SIRT1 form a positive feedback loop to regulate p53 acetylation during heat-shock stress. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1747. [PMID: 25950477 PMCID: PMC4669686 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is an essential transcription factor that sensitively regulates cellular responses to various stresses. Acetylation, a critically important posttranslational modification of p53, is induced in response to cellular stresses. P53 acetylation level strongly correlates with protein stability and activity. The steady-state level of p53 acetylation is balanced by dynamic acetylation and deacetylation. Despite the function of p53 acetylation being well studied, how the steady state of p53 acetylation level is regulated in response to cellular stresses remains unclear. In particular, the dynamic regulation of the deacetylase activities responsible for p53 deacetylation during cellular stress is unknown. In the current study, we investigated the dynamic regulation of HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1) and SIRT1 (sirtuin 1), two major enzymes for p53 deacetylation, during cell stress. We found that various cell stress events induce HDAC1 acetylation. The increased level of HDAC1 acetylation correlates with the level of p53 acetylation. Acetylated HDAC1 loses the ability to deacetylate p53. Cellular stresses also promote the decline of the SIRT1 protein in a proteasome-dependent pathway, which also results in the increase of p53 acetylation. Importantly, the decreased level of SIRT1 also contributes to the accumulation of HDAC1 acetylation as SIRT1 deacetylates HDAC1. Therefore, the increase of HDAC1 acetylation and reduced level of SIRT1 protein during cellular stress directly link to the induction of p53 acetylation. These results unveil the mechanism underlying the dynamic regulation of p53 acetylation during cell stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32610, USA
| | - B Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32610, USA
| | - D Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32610, USA
| | - S Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32610, USA
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50
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Khan MA, Hussain A, Sundaram MK, Alalami U, Gunasekera D, Ramesh L, Hamza A, Quraishi U. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reverses the expression of various tumor-suppressor genes by inhibiting DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases in human cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1976-84. [PMID: 25682960 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence that numerous bioactive dietary agents can hamper the process of carcinogenesis by targeting epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation. This therapeutic approach is considered as a significant goal for cancer therapy due to the reversible nature of epigenetic-mediated gene silencing and warrants further attention. One such dietary agent, green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to modulate many cancer-related pathways. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the role of EGCG as an epigenetic modifier in HeLa cells. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition assays were conducted, and the transcription levels of DNMT3B and HDAC1 were assessed by enzymatic activity assay and RT-PCR, respectively. Furthermore, we studied the binding interaction of EGCG with DNMT3B and HDAC1 by molecular modeling as well as promoter DNA methylation and expression of retinoic acid receptor-β (RARβ), cadherin 1 (CDH1) and death-associated protein kinase-1 (DAPK1) in EGCG-treated HeLa cells by RT-PCR and MS-PCR. In the present study, time-dependent EGCG-treated HeLa cells were found to have a significant reduction in the enzymatic activity of DNMT and HDAC. However, the expression of DNMT3B was significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner whereas there was no significant change in HDAC1 expression. Molecular modeling data also supported the EGCG-mediated DNMT3B and HDAC1 activity inhibition. Furthermore, time-dependent exposure to EGCG resulted in reactivation of known tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) in HeLa cells due to marked changes in the methylation of the promoter regions of these genes. Overall, the present study suggests that EGCG may have a significant impact on the development of novel epigenetic-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munawwar Ali Khan
- Department of Natural Science and Public Health, College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Usama Alalami
- Department of Natural Science and Public Health, College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dian Gunasekera
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laveena Ramesh
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amina Hamza
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uzma Quraishi
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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