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Shigeta Y, Saleh T, Benedetti G, Caciolli L, Chang J, Zambaiti E, Wu L, Khalaf S, Song W, Pellegata AF, Giobbe GG, De Coppi P. Stomach engineering: region-specific characterization of the decellularized porcine stomach. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 40:13. [PMID: 38032517 PMCID: PMC10689559 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients affected by microgastria, severe gastroesophageal reflux, or those who have undergone subtotal gastrectomy, have commonly described reporting dumping syndromes or other symptoms that seriously impair the quality of their life. Gastric tissue engineering may offer an alternative approach to treating these pathologies. Decellularization protocols have great potential to generate novel biomaterials for large gastric defect repair. There is an urgency to define more reliable protocols to foster clinical applications of tissue-engineered decellularized gastric grafts. METHODS In this work, we investigated the biochemical and mechanical properties of decellularized porcine stomach tissue compared to its native counterpart. Histological and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to screen the quality of decellularized samples. Quantitative analysis was also performed to assess extracellular matrix composition. At last, we investigated the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of the decellularized tissue compared to the native. RESULTS The optimized decellularization protocol produced efficient cell removal, highlighted in the absence of native cellular nuclei. Decellularized scaffolds preserved collagen and elastin contents, with partial loss of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Decellularized gastric tissue revealed increased elastic modulus and strain at break during mechanical tensile tests, while ultimate tensile strength was significantly reduced. HepG2 cells were seeded on the ECM, revealing matrix cytocompatibility and the ability to support cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Our work reports the successful generation of acellular porcine gastric tissue able to support cell viability and proliferation of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Shigeta
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tarek Saleh
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giada Benedetti
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Caciolli
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, London, UK
| | - Jinke Chang
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa Zambaiti
- Paediatric Surgery, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Turin, Italy
| | - Lei Wu
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sahira Khalaf
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wulei Song
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Filippo Pellegata
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
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Deguchi K, Zambaiti E, De Coppi P. Regenerative medicine: current research and perspective in pediatric surgery. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:167. [PMID: 37014468 PMCID: PMC10073065 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine, encompassing several disciplines including stem cell biology and tissue engineering, continues to advance with the accumulating research on cell manipulation technologies, gene therapy and new materials. Recent progress in preclinical and clinical studies may transcend the boundaries of regenerative medicine from laboratory research towards clinical reality. However, for the ultimate goal to construct bioengineered transplantable organs, a number of issues still need to be addressed. In particular, engineering of elaborate tissues and organs requires a fine combination of different relevant aspects; not only the repopulation of multiple cell phenotypes in an appropriate distribution but also the adjustment of the host environmental factors such as vascularisation, innervation and immunomodulation. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the recent discoveries and development in stem cells and tissue engineering, which are inseparably interconnected. The current status of research on tissue stem cells and bioengineering, and the possibilities for application in specific organs relevant to paediatric surgery have been specifically focused and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Deguchi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Elisa Zambaiti
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
- NIHR BRC SNAPS Great Ormond Street Hospitals, London, UK.
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
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3
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Elia E, Brownell D, Chabaud S, Bolduc S. Tissue Engineering for Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tracts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010009. [PMID: 36613452 PMCID: PMC9820091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts share several similarities. Primarily, these tissues are composed of hollow structures lined by an epithelium through which materials need to flow with the help of peristalsis brought by muscle contraction. In the case of the gastrointestinal tract, solid or liquid food must circulate to be digested and absorbed and the waste products eliminated. In the case of the urinary tract, the urine produced by the kidneys must flow to the bladder, where it is stored until its elimination from the body. Finally, in the case of the vagina, it must allow the evacuation of blood during menstruation, accommodate the male sexual organ during coitus, and is the natural way to birth a child. The present review describes the anatomy, pathologies, and treatments of such organs, emphasizing tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Elia
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - David Brownell
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 42282)
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Kanetaka K, Eguchi S. Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract. Regen Ther 2020; 15:129-137. [PMID: 33426211 PMCID: PMC7770370 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main surgical strategy for gastrointestinal tract malignancy is en bloc resection, which consists of not only resection of the involved organs but also simultaneous resection of the surrounding or adjacent mesenteries that contain lymph vessels and nodes. After resection of the diseased organs, the defect of the gastrointestinal conduit is replaced with organs located downstream, such as the stomach and jejunum. However, esophageal and gastric reconstruction using these natural substitutes is associated with a diminished quality of life due to the loss of the reserve function, damage to the antireflux barrier, and dumping syndrome. Thus, replacement of the deficit after resection with the patient's own regenerated tissue to compensate for the lost function and tissue using regenerative medicine will be an ideal treatment. Many researchers have been trying to construct artificial organs through tissue engineering techniques; however, none have yet succeeded in growing a whole organ because of the complicated functions these organs perform, such as the processing and absorption of nutrients. While exciting results have been reported with regard to tissue engineering techniques concerning the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach, most of these achievements have been observed in animal models, and few successful approaches in the clinical setting have been reported for the replacement of mucosal defects. We review the recent progress in regenerative medicine in relation to the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach. We also focus on the functional capacity of regenerated tissue and its role as a culture system to recapitulate the mechanisms underlying infectious disease. With the emergence of technology such as the fabrication of decellularized constructs, organoids and cell sheet medicine, collaboration between gastrointestinal surgery and regenerative medicine is expected to help establish novel therapeutic modalities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Kanetaka
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Therapeutics in Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Susumu Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Liang W, Chen X, Dong Y, Zhou P, Xu F. Recent advances in biomaterials as instructive scaffolds for stem cells in tissue repair and regeneration. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1848832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, P. R. China
| | - Xuerong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinchang People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, P. R. China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, P. R. China
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Bauer M, Morales-Orcajo E, Klemm L, Seydewitz R, Fiebach V, Siebert T, Böl M. Biomechanical and microstructural characterisation of the porcine stomach wall: Location- and layer-dependent investigations. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:83-99. [PMID: 31760221 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of the stomach wall help to explain its function of storing, mixing, and emptying in health and disease. However, much remains unknown about its mechanical properties, especially regarding regional heterogeneities and wall microstructure. Consequently, the present study aimed to assess regional differences in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the stomach wall. In general, the stomach wall and the different tissue layers exhibited a nonlinear stress-stretch relationship. Regional differences were found in the mechanical response and the microstructure. The highest stresses of the entire stomach wall in longitudinal direction were found in the corpus (201.5 kPa), where food is ground followed by the antrum (73.1 kPa) and the fundus (26.6 kPa). In contrast, the maximum stresses in circumferential direction were 39.7 kPa, 26.2 kPa, and 15.7 kPa for the antrum, fundus, and corpus, respectively. Independent of the fibre orientation and with respect to the biaxial loading direction, partially clear anisotropic responses were detected in the intact wall and the muscular layer. In contrast, the innermost mucosal layer featured isotropic mechanical characteristics. Pronounced layers of circumferential and longitudinal muscle fibres were found in the fundus only, whereas corpus and antrum contained almost exclusively circumferential orientated muscle fibres. This specific stomach structure mirrors functional differences in the fundus as well as corpus and antrum. Within this study, the load transfer mechanisms, connected with these wavy layers but also in total with the stomach wall's microstructure, are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This article examines for the first time the layer-specific mechanical and histological properties of the stomach wall attending to the location of the sample. Moreover, both mechanical behaviour and microstructure were explicitly match identifying the heterogeneous characteristics of the stomach. On the one hand, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of stomach mechanics and thus to their functional understanding of stomach motility. On the other hand, they are relevant to the fields of constitutive formulation of stomach tissue, whole stomach mechanics, and stomach-derived scaffolds i.e., tissue-engineering grafts.
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Abdulghani S, Mitchell GR. Biomaterials for In Situ Tissue Regeneration: A Review. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E750. [PMID: 31752393 PMCID: PMC6920773 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on a somewhat unexplored strand of regenerative medicine, that is in situ tissue engineering. In this approach manufactured scaffolds are implanted in the injured region for regeneration within the patient. The scaffold is designed to attract cells to the required volume of regeneration to subsequently proliferate, differentiate, and as a consequence develop tissue within the scaffold which in time will degrade leaving just the regenerated tissue. This review highlights the wealth of information available from studies of ex-situ tissue engineering about the selection of materials for scaffolds. It is clear that there are great opportunities for the use of additive manufacturing to prepare complex personalized scaffolds and we speculate that by building on this knowledge and technology, the development of in situ tissue engineering could rapidly increase. Ex-situ tissue engineering is handicapped by the need to develop the tissue in a bioreactor where the conditions, however optimized, may not be optimum for accelerated growth and maintenance of the cell function. We identify that in both methodologies the prospect of tissue regeneration has created much promise but delivered little outside the scope of laboratory-based experiments. We propose that the design of the scaffolds and the materials selected remain at the heart of developments in this field and there is a clear need for predictive modelling which can be used in the design and optimization of materials and scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Abdulghani
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2430-080 Marinha Grande, Portugal;
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8
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Abstract
This review focuses on a somewhat unexplored strand of regenerative medicine, that is in situ tissue engineering. In this approach manufactured scaffolds are implanted in the injured region for regeneration within the patient. The scaffold is designed to attract cells to the required volume of regeneration to subsequently proliferate, differentiate, and as a consequence develop tissue within the scaffold which in time will degrade leaving just the regenerated tissue. This review highlights the wealth of information available from studies of ex-situ tissue engineering about the selection of materials for scaffolds. It is clear that there are great opportunities for the use of additive manufacturing to prepare complex personalized scaffolds and we speculate that by building on this knowledge and technology, the development of in situ tissue engineering could rapidly increase. Ex-situ tissue engineering is handicapped by the need to develop the tissue in a bioreactor where the conditions, however optimized, may not be optimum for accelerated growth and maintenance of the cell function. We identify that in both methodologies the prospect of tissue regeneration has created much promise but delivered little outside the scope of laboratory-based experiments. We propose that the design of the scaffolds and the materials selected remain at the heart of developments in this field and there is a clear need for predictive modelling which can be used in the design and optimization of materials and scaffolds.
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9
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Nakashima S, Nakamura T, Miyagawa K, Yoshikawa T, Kin S, Kuriu Y, Nakase Y, Sakakura C, Otsuji E, Hagiwara A, Yamagishi H. In Situ Tissue Engineering of the Bile Duct Using Polypropylene Mesh-Collagen Tubes. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 30:75-85. [PMID: 17295195 DOI: 10.1177/039139880703000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple attempts have been made to replace biliary defects with a variety of materials. Recently, successful biliary reconstruction using the Gore-Tex vascular graft has been reported experimentally and clinically We designed a new artificial bile duct consisting of collagen sponge and polypropylene mesh. We presently evaluated the feasibility of using this prosthesis as a scaffold for bile duct tissue regeneration in a canine model. Our prosthesis, a sponge made from porcine dermal collagen, is reinforced with a polypropylene mesh cylinder. We used the prosthesis to reconstruct the middle portion of the common bile duct in seven beagle dogs to evaluate its efficacy. While one dog died of biliary stricture 8 months after operation, six survived without problems to scheduled time points for tissue evaluation at 1 to 12 months. All prostheses had become completely incorporated into the host. A confluent epithelial lining was observed within 3 months. In cholangiograms the prosthesis displayed long-term patency in the six dogs and provided satisfactory bile drainage for up to 12 months. Our graft thus shows promise for repair of biliary defects and should lead to development of a new treatment for biliary reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Physiology of Digestive System, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Trecartin A, Grikscheit T. Tissue Engineering Functional Gastrointestinal Regions: The Importance of Stem and Progenitor Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2017; 7:cshperspect.a025700. [PMID: 28320829 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a025700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The intestine shows extraordinary regenerative potential that might be harnessed to alleviate numerous morbid and lethal human diseases. The intestinal stem cells regenerate the epithelium every 5 days throughout an individual's lifetime. Understanding stem-cell signaling affords power to influence the niche environment for growing intestine. The manifold approaches to tissue engineering may be organized by variations of three basic components required for the transplantation and growth of stem/progenitor cells: (1) cell delivery materials or scaffolds; (2) donor cells including adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and in vitro expansion of isolated or cocultured epithelial, smooth muscle, myofibroblasts, or nerve cells; and (3) environmental modulators or biopharmaceuticals. Tissue engineering has been applied to the regeneration of every major region of the gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to colon, with scientists around the world aiming to carry these techniques into human therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Trecartin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Tracy Grikscheit
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027
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11
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Artificial sensory organs: latest progress. J Artif Organs 2017; 21:17-22. [PMID: 28936561 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-017-0990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study introduces the latest progress on the study of artificial sensory organs, with a special emphasis on the clinical results of artificial nerves and the concept of in situ tissue engineering. Peripheral nerves have a strong potential for regeneration. An artificial nerve uses this potential to recover a damaged peripheral nerve. The polyglycolic acid collagen tube (PGA-C tube) is a bio-absorbable tube stuffed with collagen of multi-chamber structure that consists of thin collagen films. The clinical application of the PGA-C tube began in 2002 in Japan. The number of PGA-C tubes used is now beyond 300, and satisfactory results have been reported on peripheral nerve repairs. This PGA-C tube is also effective for patients suffering from neuropathic pain.
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Hatayama T, Nakada A, Nakamura H, Mariko W, Tsujimoto G, Nakamura T. Regeneration of gingival tissue using in situ tissue engineering with collagen scaffold. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 124:348-354.e1. [PMID: 28690084 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.05.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate 2 types of collagen scaffold for gingival regeneration. STUDY DESIGN Two types of collagen scaffolds, CS-pH7.4 and CS-pH3.0, were prepared by processing atelocollagen at pH 7.4 or 3.0, respectively, followed by dehydrothermal treatment. Gingival wounds with sizes of 4 × 6 mm (rectangle) or 6 mm diameter (circle) were made with buccal incisions in beagle dogs. The defective area was surgically covered with the CS-pH7.4, CS-pH3.0, or no scaffold (control). Gingival regeneration was assessed by monitoring the differences in the lengths of the epithelial and submucosal tissues at the wound site and the normal site. Histopathologic assessments were performed by 4 evaluators independently; statistical significance was evaluated by using the Wald test. RESULTS Significantly higher recovery of epithelial and submucosal tissues, which, in turn, resulted in recovery of gum thickness, was observed in gingival wounds treated with the CS-pH7.4 compared with that in the control. CS-pH3.0 treatment also resulted in higher gingival regeneration compared with the control; however, the effects were more pronounced in wounds treated with the CS-pH7.4. CS-pH7.4-treated wounds showed better gingival regeneration compared with the control and CS-pH3.0-treated wounds, even after adjusting for interevaluator differences using a linear mixed model. CONCLUSIONS CS-pH7.4 is a promising scaffold for gingival tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Hatayama
- Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Nakada
- Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wakatsuki Mariko
- Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gentarou Tsujimoto
- Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Reconstruction, Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nakamura
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Omori K, Nakamura T, Kanemaru S, Asato R, Yamashita M, Tanaka S, Magrufov A, Ito J, Shimizu Y. Regenerative Medicine of the Trachea: The First Human Case. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 114:429-33. [PMID: 16042099 DOI: 10.1177/000348940511400603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to demonstrate regenerative medicine of the tracheal tissue by using an in situ tissue engineering technique for airway reconstruction. Methods: Based on the previous successful experimental animal studies, the current regenerative technique was applied to repair of the trachea of a 78-year-old woman with thyroid cancer. A Marlex mesh tube covered by collagen sponge was used as a tissue scaffold. The operative intervention included right hemithyroidectomy, resection of the trachea, and tracheoplasty using the scaffold. The right half of three rings of the trachea was resected, and the scaffold material was sutured to the defect of the trachea. Results: After 2 weeks, the mesh collagen structure of the artificial material could be seen with endoscopy in most of the implanted area. The artificial material was covered with epithelial growth after 2 months. Epithelialization continued to cover the artificial material completely for 2 years without any complications. Conclusions: The current regenerative technique avoided tracheotomy, a second operation, and deformity. Good epithelialization has been observed on the tracheal luminal surface without any complications for 2 years. Although long-term observation is required, regenerative medicine of the tracheal tissue appears feasible for airway reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Omori
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Japan
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Omori K, Nakamura T, Kanemaru S, Kojima H, Magrufov A, Hiratsuka Y, Shimizu Y. Cricoid Regeneration Using in Situ Tissue Engineering in Canine Larynx for the Treatment of Subglottic Stenosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 113:623-7. [PMID: 15330141 DOI: 10.1177/000348940411300805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of cricoid regeneration via in situ tissue engineering in a canine larynx for the treatment of subglottic stenosis. As the tissue scaffold, a Marlex mesh tube coated by collagen sponge was used for a rigid airway framework and for tissue regrowth around the tube. On 5 dogs, the larynx was exposed and the anterior third of the cricoid cartilage was resected. The tube was anastomosed to the lower edge of the thyroid cartilage and to the first tracheal cartilage. By postoperative endoscopic examination at 3 to 7 months, no airway obstruction was observed in any of the dogs. There was granulation tissue in 2 dogs and slight mesh exposure in 1 dog, but they were asymptomatic. Confluent regeneration of the epithelium over the scaffold and good incorporation of the scaffold mesh into the host tissue were observed after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Omori
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fukushima Medical School, School of Medicine, Fukushima City (Omori), Japan
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15
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Blaauboer BJ, Boobis AR, Bradford B, Cockburn A, Constable A, Daneshian M, Edwards G, Garthoff JA, Jeffery B, Krul C, Schuermans J. Considering new methodologies in strategies for safety assessment of foods and food ingredients. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 91:19-35. [PMID: 26939913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Toxicology and safety assessment are changing and require new strategies for evaluating risk that are less depending on apical toxicity endpoints in animal models and relying more on knowledge of the mechanism of toxicity. This manuscript describes a number of developments that could contribute to this change and implement this in a stepwise roadmap that can be applied for the evaluation of food and food ingredients. The roadmap was evaluated in four case studies by using literature and existing data. This preliminary evaluation was shown to be useful. However, this experience should be extended by including examples where experimental work needs to be included. To further implement these new insights in toxicology and safety assessment for the area of food and food ingredients, the recommendation is that stakeholders take action in addressing gaps in our knowledge, e.g. with regard to the applicability of the roadmap for mixtures and food matrices. Further development of the threshold of toxicological concern is needed, as well as cooperation with other sectors where similar schemes are under development. Moreover, a more comprehensive evaluation of the roadmap, also including the identification of the need for in vitro experimental work is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas J Blaauboer
- Utrecht University, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, PO Box 80.177, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alan R Boobis
- Imperial College London, Department of Medicine, Centre for Pharmacology & Therapeutics, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Bobbie Bradford
- Unilever, Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, London, EC4Y 0DY, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Cockburn
- University of Newcastle, Toxico-Logical Consulting Ltd, The Old Boiler House, Moor Place Park, Kettle Green Lane, Much Hadham, Hertfordshire, SG10 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Constable
- Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-Chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Mardas Daneshian
- University of Konstanz, Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing-Europe CAAT-Europe, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gareth Edwards
- Consultant, 63 Woodlands Road., Sonning Common, Reading, Berkshire, RG4 9TD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Brett Jeffery
- Mars, Global Chemical Food Safety Group, Slough, SL1 4JX, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrille Krul
- University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Technology & Innovation, Dept. Innovative Testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, PO Box 12011, 3501 AA, Utrecht, The Netherlands; TNO Healthy Living, PO box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
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Miyazawa M, Aikawa M, Watanabe Y, Takase KI, Okamoto K, Shrestha S, Okada K, Koyama I, Ikada Y. Extensive regeneration of the stomach using bioabsorbable polymer sheets. Surgery 2015; 158:1283-90. [PMID: 25964027 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing prevalence of endoscopic surgery in recent years has led to the minimization of postoperative scarring. However, this procedure does not allow for the regeneration of the resected digestive tract, which compromises the postoperative maintenance of digestive function. In this preliminary study, we developed an artificial gastric wall (AGW) using bioabsorbable polymer (BAP), and evaluated the ability of this BAP patch to repair and regenerate a widely defective gastric wall in an animal model. METHODS Pigs were laparotomized under general anesthesia. An 8 × 8-cm, round portion of the anterior gastric wall was excised and replaced by an AGW. The AGW was composed of a copolymer comprising 50% lactic acid and 50% caprolactone. The animals were relaparotomized 4, 8, or 12 weeks after implantation, after which they underwent resection of the entire stomach for gross and histologic evaluation of the graft sites. RESULTS All recipient pigs survived until killing. By 4-8 weeks, the graft site revealed progressively fewer mucosal defect after each day. Moreover, the grafted area was indistinguishable from the native stomach 12 weeks after AGW implantation. The structures of the regenerated mucous membrane and muscle layers were identical to those of the native stomach. Furthermore, proton pumps were found in the regenerated tissue. CONCLUSION The BAP sheets helped to restore extensive gastric defects without causing any deformation. The use of BAP sheets may become a new therapeutic method that prevents alterations of gastric volume after extensive gastrectomy for stomach cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Miyazawa
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Masayasu Aikawa
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Takase
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kojun Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Santosh Shrestha
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsuya Okada
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isamu Koyama
- Department of Surgery, Gastrointestinal Center, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshito Ikada
- Division of Life Science, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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Tao L, Li Q, Ren H, Chen B, Hou X, Mou L, Zhou S, Zhou J, Sun X, Dai J, Ding Y. Repair of extrahepatic bile duct defect using a collagen patch in a Swine model. Artif Organs 2014; 39:352-60. [PMID: 25345752 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extrahepatic bile duct (EBD) injury can happen during surgery. To repair a defect of the EBD and prevent postoperative biliary complications, a collagen membrane was designed. The collagen material was porous, biocompatible, and degradable and could maintain its shape in bile soaking for about 4 weeks. The goal was to induce rapid bile duct tissue regeneration. Twenty Chinese experimental hybrid pigs were used in this study and divided into a patch group and a control group. A spindle-shaped defect (20 mm × 6 mm) was made in the anterior wall of the lower EBD in the swine model, and then the defect was reconstructed using a collagen patch with a drainage tube and wrapped with greater omentum. Ultrasound was performed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Liver function tests and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, cytokeratin 7 immunohistochemical staining, and Van Gieson's staining of EBD were used. The diameter and thickness of the EBD at the graft site were measured. There was no significant difference in liver function tests or WBC in the patch group compared with the control group. No evidence of leakage or stricture was observed, but some pigs developed biliary sludge or stone at 4 and 8 weeks. The drainage tube was lost within 12 weeks. The neo-EBD could withstand normal biliary pressure 2 weeks after surgery. Histological study showed the accessory glands and epithelial cells gradually regenerated at graft sites from 4 weeks, with increasing vessel infiltration and decreasing inflammation. The collagen fibers became regular with full coverage of epithelial cells. The statistical analysis of diameter and thickness showed no stricture formation at the graft site, but the EBD wall was slightly thicker than in the normal bile duct due to collagen fiber deposition. The structure of the neo-EBD was similar to that of the normal EBD. The collagen membrane patch associated with a drainage tube and wrapped with greater omentum effectively induced the regeneration of the EBD defect within 12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Ferreira A, Machado M, Melo V, Martins L, Leal L, Sartori L. Avaliação macroscópica e microscópica de implante de Biomembrana em estômago de coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus). ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352014000100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neste estudo foi implantado um retalho de biomembrana de látex natural em substituição a um fragmento da parede de estômago de coelhos albinos, raça Nova Zelândia, adultos, machos não castrados (n=12), com o intuito de avaliar o processo de reparação tecidual no que se refere à biocompatibilidade, à capacidade de reparação tecidual e a possíveis complicações. Aos 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, os animais foram sacrificados, mediante o emprego de tiopental sódico (200mg kg-1), para posterior avaliação macroscópica e análise histopatológica da interface do implante com o tecido nativo. Macroscopicamente, aos 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório observou-se presença de aderências na face serosa. Aos 60 dias de pós-operatório, em todos os animais avaliados, a biomembrana não foi encontrada. Sob microscopia de luz, aos 15 e 30 dias, verificaram-se descontinuidade das camadas muscular e mucosa, presença de infiltrado inflamatório polimorfonuclear. Foram visualizados vasos sanguíneos e fibras musculares. Aos 60 dias, as camadas mucosa, muscular estavam completamente reconstituídas. O implante foi biocompatível e forneceu arcabouço para orientação e desenvolvimento das camadas teciduais do estômago, mediante processos de reparação, restabelecendo a estrutura do órgão.
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Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging discipline that combines engineering principles and the biological sciences toward the development of functional replacement tissue. Virtually every tissue in the body has been investigated and tremendous advances have been made in many areas. This article focuses on the gastrointestinal tract and reviews the current status of bioengineering gastrointestinal tissues, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. Although progress has been achieved, there continues to be significant challenges that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Penkala
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, WA, USA.
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20
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In situ tissue regeneration through host stem cell recruitment. Exp Mol Med 2013; 45:e57. [PMID: 24232256 PMCID: PMC3849571 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2013.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering has made steady progress in translating various tissue applications. Although the classical tissue engineering strategy, which involves the use of culture-expanded cells and scaffolds to produce a tissue construct for implantation, has been validated, this approach involves extensive cell expansion steps, requiring a lot of time and laborious effort before implantation. To bypass this ex vivo process, a new approach has been introduced. In situ tissue regeneration utilizes the body's own regenerating capacity by mobilizing host endogenous stem cells or tissue-specific progenitor cells to the site of injury. This approach relies on development of a target-specific biomaterial scaffolding system that can effectively control the host microenvironment and mobilize host stem/progenitor cells to target tissues. An appropriate microenvironment provided by implanted scaffolds would facilitate recruitment of host cells that can be guided to regenerating structural and functional tissues.
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21
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Maemura T, Shin M, Kinoshita M. Tissue engineering of the stomach. J Surg Res 2013; 183:285-95. [PMID: 23622729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering combines engineering principles with the biological sciences to create functional replacement tissues. The underlying principle of tissue engineering is that isolated cells combined with biomaterials can form new tissues and organs in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on stomach tissue engineering, which is a promising approach to the treatment of gastric cancer, the fourth most common malignancy in the world and the second-leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although gastrectomy is a reliable intervention to achieve complete removal of cancer lesions, the limited capacity for food intake after resection results in lower quality of life for patients. To address this issue, we have developed a tissue-engineered stomach to increase the capacity for food intake by creating a new food reservoir. We have transplanted this neo-stomach as a substitute for the original native stomach in a rat model and confirmed functional adaptation. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the feasibility of transplanting a tissue-engineered gastric wall patch in a rat model to alleviate the complications after resection of a large area of the gastric wall. Although progress has been achieved, significant challenges remain to bring this approach to clinical practice. Here, we summarize our work and present the state of the art in stomach tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Maemura
- Division of Traumatology, Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
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Wong VW, Wan DC, Gurtner GC, Longaker MT. Regenerative Surgery: Tissue Engineering in General Surgical Practice. World J Surg 2012; 36:2288-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-012-1710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Shakesheff KM, Rose FRAJ. Tissue engineering in the development of replacement technologies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 745:47-57. [PMID: 22437812 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3055-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is generating new scaffolds, bioreactors and methods for stimulating cells within complex cultures, with the aim of recreating the conditions under which cells form functional tissues. Hitherto, the primary focus of this field has been on clinical applications. However, there are many methods of in vitro tissue engineering that represent new opportunities in 3D cell culture and could be the basis for new replacement methods that either replace the use of a tissue isolated from an animal or the use of a living animal. This chapter presents an overview of tissue engineering and provides tissue-specific examples of recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Shakesheff
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Centre Biomolecular for Studies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK.
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Maemura T, Kinoshita M, Shin M, Miyazaki H, Tsujimoto H, Ono S, Hase K, Saitoh D. Assessment of a tissue-engineered gastric wall patch in a rat model. Artif Organs 2011; 36:409-17. [PMID: 22040317 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Stenosis or deformity of the remaining stomach can occur after gastrectomy and result in stomach malfunction. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of transplanting a tissue-engineered gastric wall patch in a rat model to alleviate the complications after resection of a large area of the gastric wall. Tissue-engineered gastric wall patches were created from gastric epithelial organoid units and biodegradable polymer scaffolds. In the first treatment group, gastric wall defects were created in recipient rats and covered with fresh tissue-engineered gastric wall patches (simultaneous transplantation). In the second treatment group, the tissue-engineered gastric wall patches were frozen for 12weeks, and then transplanted in recipient rats (metachronous transplantation). Tissue-engineered gastric wall patches were successfully used as a substitute of the resected native gastric wall in both simultaneous and metachronous transplantation groups. The defrosted wall patches showed almost the same cell viability as the fresh ones. Twenty-four weeks after transplantation, the defect in the gastric wall was well-covered with tissue-engineered gastric wall patch, and the repaired stomach showed no deformity macroscopically in both groups. Histology showed continuous mucosa and smooth muscle layers at the tissue-engineered stomach wall margin. The feasibility of transplanting a tissue-engineered patch to repair a defect in the native gastric wall has been successfully shown in a rat model, thereby taking one step closer toward the transplantation of an entire tissue-engineered stomach in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Maemura
- Research Institute Division of Basic Traumatology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
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Kitani Y, Kanemaru SI, Umeda H, Suehiro A, Kishimoto Y, Hirano S, Nakamura T, Ito J. Laryngeal regeneration using tissue engineering techniques in a canine model. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2011; 120:49-56. [PMID: 21370680 DOI: 10.1177/000348941112000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously reported that polypropylene mesh covered with collagen sponge is a useful material for the regeneration of the trachea and the cricoid cartilage. The aim of this study was to regenerate larynges after partial hemilaryngectomy with this new biomaterial. METHODS A left partial hemilaryngectomy was performed on 12 adult beagles. The defect size was about 1.8 x 1.0 cm. Both sides of polypropylene mesh were coated with either 1% or 3% collagen sponge. This scaffold was wrapped in fascia lata harvested from the left thigh and then fixed in place over the defect. Endoscopic examinations were performed periodically. Six months after treatment, 3-dimensional computed tomographic scanning was performed. Vibratory examinations were also performed with excised larynges. RESULTS In the 1% collagen group, exposure or dislocation of the mesh was found in 3 of 6 cases, but in the 3% group, no exposure of the mesh was seen. The morphological findings in the vocal fold were better in the 3% group than in the 1% group, but a difference in the vertical levels of the vocal folds was found in both groups. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that 3% collagen-coated polypropylene mesh wrapped with autologous fascia is a useful material for laryngeal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Kitani
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Keshaw H, Thapar N, Burns AJ, Mordan N, Knowles JC, Forbes A, Day RM. Microporous collagen spheres produced via thermally induced phase separation for tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:1158-66. [PMID: 19733702 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is an abundant protein found in the extracellular matrix of many tissues. Due to its biocompatibility, it is a potentially ideal biomaterial for many tissue engineering applications. However, harvested collagen often requires restructuring into a three-dimensional matrix to facilitate applications such as implantation into poorly accessible tissue cavities. The aim of the current study was to produce a conformable collagen-based scaffold material capable of supporting tissue regeneration for use in wound repair applications. Microporous collagen spheres were prepared using a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique and their biocompatibility was assessed. The collagen spheres were successfully cross-linked with glutaraldehyde vapour, rendering them mechanically more stable. When cultured with myofibroblasts the collagen spheres stimulated a prolonged significant increase in secretion of the angiogenic growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), compared with cells alone. Control polycaprolactone (PCL) spheres failed to stimulate a similar prolonged increase in VEGF secretion. An enhanced angiogenic effect was also seen in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay, where a significant increase in the number of blood vessels converging towards collagen spheres was observed compared with control PCL spheres. The results from this study indicate that microporous collagen spheres produced using TIPS are biologically active and could offer a novel conformable scaffold for tissue regeneration in poorly accessible wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussila Keshaw
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Gastroenterology & Nutrition, University College London, London, UK
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Umeda H, Kanemaru SI, Yamashita M, Ohno T, Suehiro A, Tamura Y, Hirano S, Nakamura T, Omori K, Ito J. In situ tissue engineering of canine skull with guided bone regeneration. Acta Otolaryngol 2009; 129:1509-18. [PMID: 19922106 DOI: 10.3109/00016480902801212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Calcium alginate (CA) membrane prevents excessive fibrous tissue intrusion and/or dislocation of a bone scaffold. However, CA membrane did not always accelerate cranial bone regeneration. OBJECTIVE We previously reported skull regeneration using a bone substitute material (BSM), which consisted of collagen-coated beta-tricalcium phosphate and autologous bone fragments, and bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BSCs). However, excessive fibrous tissue intrusion or dislocation of the BSM occasionally interrupted bone regeneration. To avoid such problems, we examined CA membrane, which is useful for guided bone regeneration (GBR), to investigate whether this material maintains the bone regenerative space. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone defects (2x2 cm) were created in the skulls of 12 adult beagle dogs using the same clinical procedure. Four experimental models were tested with or without BSM plus BSCs or CA membrane. In group I, the original free bone flap was replaced at the defect. In group II, after replacing the bone flap, the defect was covered with CA membrane. In group III, BSM plus BSCs were used as a gap filler. In group IV, BSM plus BSCs and CA membrane were applied. Histological examinations were performed 3 and 6 months after the operation. RESULTS In groups I and II, bone regeneration was not observed but fibrous tissue intrusion was prevented in group II. Bone neogenesis was more observed in group III than in group IV at 3 months (p<0.05). At 6 months, the regenerated areas were larger than those observed at 3 months, but the differences between groups III and IV were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Umeda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Araki M, Tao H, Sato T, Nakajima N, Hyon SH, Nagayasu T, Nakamura T. Development of a new tissue-engineered sheet for reconstruction of the stomach. Artif Organs 2009; 33:818-26. [PMID: 19839991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2009.00808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have developed tissue-engineered digestive tracts composed of collagen scaffold and an inner silicon sheet and successfully used it to repair defects in parts of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. However, some improvements were demanded for clinical usage because the silicon sheet presented technical difficulties for suturing and endoscopic removal. New tissue-engineered sheet (New-sheet) was composed of a single-piece and reinforced collagen scaffold with biodegradable copolymer. One beagle dog was used to evaluate whether New-sheet could withstand suturing in comparison with native digestive tracts using a tensile tester. Seven beagle dogs had a 5-cm circular defect created in the stomach. New-sheet soaked with autologous peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate was sutured to the gastric wall. Endoscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment was performed to evaluate regeneration of the stomach up to 16 weeks. Tensile strength testing showed that the mucosal side of New-sheet had strength almost equivalent to the mucosa of the esophagus (P = 0.61). Endoscopically, regeneration of the mucosa started from the circumference after 4 weeks, but a small linear ulcer was still evident at 16 weeks. The regenerated stomach shrank by 60-80% of its original size and histologically showed villous mucosa and underlying dense connective tissue. Immunohistochemically, the regenerated area expressed alpha-smooth-muscle actin but was negative for basic calponin, irrespective of the source of soaked blood. New-sheet shows sufficient strength for suturing, no dehiscence, and better biocompatibility for clinical use, although further examination will be necessary to create a functional digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Araki
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Omori K, Nakamura T, Tada Y, Nomoto Y, Suzuki T, Kanemaru S, Asati R, Yamashita M, Okano W. [Progress in clinical otorhinolaryngology--regenerative medicine of larynx and trachea]. NIHON JIBIINKOKA GAKKAI KAIHO 2009; 112:104-9. [PMID: 19425283 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.112.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Omori K, Nakamura T, Kanemaru S, Magrufov A, Yamashita M, Shimizu Y. In situ tissue engineering of the cricoid and trachea in a canine model. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2008; 117:609-13. [PMID: 18771079 DOI: 10.1177/000348940811700811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate the efficacy of in situ tissue engineering of the cricoid and trachea in a canine model. METHODS Marlex mesh tube reinforced with polypropylene threads and covered by collagen sponge was used as a tissue scaffold for airway regeneration in 9 beagle dogs. The anterior half of the cricoid cartilage was resected in 5 dogs, whereas the cricoid cartilage and cervical trachea were simultaneously resected in 4 dogs. The tissue scaffold was implanted into the resultant defect. RESULTS Endoscopic examination showed no airway obstruction for a postoperative period of 3 to 40 months in all dogs. Granulation tissue was observed in 2 dogs, and slight mesh exposure in 1 dog, although all were asymptomatic. Light microscopy and electron microscopy showed the endolaryngeal and endotracheal lumen to be covered by ciliated epithelium. According to strain-force measurement, the framework was firmly supported by regenerated tissue, as well as the normal cricoid and trachea. CONCLUSIONS Our current tissue scaffold provides a rigid framework for the airway, and the collagen coating invites tissue regrowth around the tube. This study presents the possibility of successful reconstruction of the cricoid and trachea with epithelial regeneration by means of in situ tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Omori
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Japan
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Sato T, Tao H, Araki M, Ueda H, Omori K, Nakamura T. Replacement of the left main bronchus with a tissue-engineered prosthesis in a canine model. Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 86:422-8. [PMID: 18640308 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stenosis of the left main bronchus caused by inflammatory diseases and neoplasms is a serious clinical problem because it can cause obstructive pneumonia and may require pneumonectomy. As an alternative to various treatments currently available, including balloon dilatation, stenting, and bronchoplasty, we propose the use of a prosthesis developed based on the concept of in situ tissue engineering for replacement of the left main bronchus. METHODS The main frame of the tissue-engineered prosthesis is a polypropylene mesh tube, 12 to 15 mm in inner diameter and 30 mm in length, with reinforcing rings. Collagen extracted from porcine skin is conjugated to this frame. A consecutive series of 8 beagle dogs underwent replacement of the left main bronchus with this tissue-engineered prosthesis. RESULTS All dogs survived the postoperative period with no morbidity except 1, which required intravenous administration of antibiotic for a week for pneumonia and recovered. Three dogs were euthanized for examination at 3 and 4 months after bronchus replacement, and the other five were monitored for more than 1 year. In two dogs, histologic examination revealed that the luminal surface was completely covered with ciliated columnar epithelium or nonciliated squamous epithelium. Exposure of the polypropylene mesh to various degrees was observed in 6 dogs, but the prosthesis remained stable and no adverse effects such as infection, sputum retention, or dehiscence were observed. CONCLUSIONS These long-term results suggest that our tissue-engineered prosthesis is applicable for replacement of the left main bronchus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Sato
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Omori K, Tada Y, Suzuki T, Nomoto Y, Matsuzuka T, Kobayashi K, Nakamura T, Kanemaru S, Yamashita M, Asato R. Clinical Application of in Situ Tissue Engineering Using a Scaffolding Technique for Reconstruction of the Larynx and Trachea. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2008; 117:673-8. [DOI: 10.1177/000348940811700908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the efficacy of the clinical application of in situ tissue engineering using a scaffolding technique for laryngeal and tracheal tissue. Methods: We have developed a tissue scaffold made from a Marlex mesh tube covered by collagen sponge. Based on successful animal experimental studies, in situ tissue engineering with a scaffold implant was applied to repair the larynx and trachea in 4 patients. Results: In 1 patient with subglottic stenosis, the thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and cervical trachea with scarring and granulation were resected and reconstructed by use of the scaffold. In 3 patients with thyroid cancer, the trachea and cricoid cartilage with tumor invasion were resected and the scaffold was implanted into the defect. Postoperative endoscopy during the observation period of 8 to 34 months showed a well-epithelialized airway lumen without any obstruction. Conclusions: Our current technique of in situ tissue engineering using a scaffold shows great potential for use in the regeneration of airway defects.
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Lanjun Z, Tiehua R, Xiaodong S, Qiuliang W, Guoliang X, Peng L, Hao L, Jianhua FU. Experimental replacement of thoracic esophageal segment with a biomaterial artificial esophagus in dogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1000-1948(08)60001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kin S, Hagiwara A, Nakase Y, Kuriu Y, Nakashima S, Yoshikawa T, Sakakura C, Otsuji E, Nakamura T, Yamagishi H. Regeneration of skeletal muscle using in situ tissue engineering on an acellular collagen sponge scaffold in a rabbit model. ASAIO J 2007; 53:506-13. [PMID: 17667240 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e3180d09d81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the limited ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate, resection of a large amount of muscle mass often results in incomplete recovery due to nonfunctional scar tissue. The aim of this study was to regenerate skeletal muscle using in situ tissue engineering in a rabbit model. In 18 male rabbits, a muscle defect (1.0 x ~1.0 x ~0.5 cm) was created in the vastus lateralis of both legs. A piece of cross-linked atelocollagen sponge was then inserted into the defect in one leg, whereas the defect in the other leg was left untreated. Both defects were finally covered with fascia. Twenty-four weeks after surgery, the defect that had been filled with the cross-linked atelocollagen sponge scaffold showed mild concavity and slight adhesion to the fascia, while the control side showed severe scar formation and shrinkage. Histologically, the regenerating myofibers at the site containing the collagen sponge were greater in number, diameter, and length than those at the control site. These results indicate that cross-linked atelocollagen sponge has the potential to act as a scaffold for muscle tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Kin
- Department of Surgery for Functional Regulation of the Digestive System, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hrokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Yoshitani M, Fukuda S, Itoi SI, Morino S, Tao H, Nakada A, Inada Y, Endo K, Nakamura T. Experimental repair of phrenic nerve using a polyglycolic acid and collagen tube. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133:726-32. [PMID: 17320572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 08/12/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The feasibility of a nerve guide tube for regeneration of the phrenic nerve with the aim of restoring diaphragmatic function was evaluated in a canine model. METHODS The nerve tube, made of woven polyglycolic acid mesh, had a diameter of 3 mm and was filled with collagen sponge. This polyglycolic acid-collagen tube was implanted into a 10-mm gap created by transection of the right phrenic nerve in 9 beagle dogs. The tubes were implanted without a tissue covering in 5 of the 9 dogs (group I), and the tubes were covered with a pedicled pericardial fat pad in 4 dogs (group II). Chest x-ray films, muscle action potentials, and histologic samples were examined 4 to 12 months after implantation. RESULTS All of the dogs survived without any complications. x-ray film examination showed that the right diaphragm was paralyzed and elevated in all dogs until 3 months after implantation. At 4 months, movement of the diaphragm in the implanted side was observed during spontaneous breathing in 1 dog of group I and in 3 dogs of group II. In the dogs showing diaphragm movement, muscle action potentials were evoked in the diaphragm muscle, indicating restoration of nerve function. Regeneration of the phrenic nerve structure was also examined on the reconstructed site using electron microscopy. CONCLUSION The polyglycolic acid-collagen tube induced functional recovery of the injured phrenic nerve and was aided by coverage with a pedicled pericardial fat pad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshitani
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamashita M, Omori K, Kanemaru SI, Magrufov A, Tamura Y, Umeda H, Kishimoto M, Nakamura T, Ito J. Experimental regeneration of canine larynx: a trial with tissue engineering techniques. Acta Otolaryngol 2007:66-72. [PMID: 17453449 DOI: 10.1080/00016480601068014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Since this tissue engineering technique is cost-effective and is less invasive to patients, it may replace conventional approaches in laryngeal reconstructive surgeries. OBJECTIVE Laryngeal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the head and neck region, and frequently requires surgical resection. Although there are many ways to reconstruct the larynx after resection, donor tissue is usually required. Recently, tissue engineering techniques have become widely accepted in clinical medicine and have already been applied to some organs. This animal experiment was designed to elucidate the efficacy of laryngeal regeneration using tissue engineering technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bioartificial scaffold was designed from a replica of a canine larynx. A dental cast was used to replicate the intricate inside shape of the larynx. After copying its shape on a polypropylene mesh sheet, this sheet was coated with spongy collagen from porcine skin. A hemilaryngectomy was performed on beagle dogs under general anesthesia. Then the scaffold, preclotted with a mixture of peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived stromal cells, was implanted and fixed. The postoperative status was examined fiberscopically. RESULTS On the eighth day after the operation, the surface of the implant was covered with soft tissue. Finally, the implant was completely covered with regenerated mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Yamashita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Nakashima S, Nakamura T, Han LH, Miyagawa K, Yoshikawa T, Sakakura C, Hagiwara A, Otsuji E. Experimental Biliary Reconstruction with an Artificial Bile Duct Using in situ Tissue Engineering Technique. Inflamm Regen 2007. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.27.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Matsuno T, Nakamura T, Kuremoto KI, Notazawa S, Nakahara T, Hashimoto Y, Satoh T, Shimizu Y. Development of .BETA.-tricalcium Phosphate/Collagen Sponge Composite for Bone Regeneration. Dent Mater J 2006; 25:138-44. [PMID: 16706309 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.25.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic biomaterials have been developed and used for bone grafting. Here, we developed a biodegradable sponge composite for bone tissue engineering by combining beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and collagen. In addition, we sought to determine the optimal beta-TCP granules/collagen ratio by evaluating and bone formation in vivo. Porous beta-TCP granules were mixed with atelocollagen hydrochloride solution at various ratios--0.02, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 g/mL. The resultant mixtures were freeze-dried and subjected to dehydrothermal treatment in vacuo. The final composites obtained were designated beta-TCP/collagen sponge composites (beta-TCP/CS). Through compression testing, it was found that the stress values for beta-TCP/CS (0.2 g/mL) were higher than those of the other three composites over the whole strain range. Histological evaluation at four weeks after implantation revealed that the collagen sponge had degraded and newly formed bone was present on the surface of the beta-TCP granules. At 12 weeks, the beta-TCP granules were completely degraded and remodeling of the lamellar bone was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Matsuno
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Japan.
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Nakahara T, Nakamura T, Kobayashi E, Kuremoto KI, Matsuno T, Tabata Y, Eto K, Shimizu Y. In situ tissue engineering of periodontal tissues by seeding with periodontal ligament-derived cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 10:537-44. [PMID: 15165470 DOI: 10.1089/107632704323061898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of an in situ tissue-engineering method employing cell-based therapy with autologous periodontal ligament-derived cells was investigated. Periodontal ligament cells were obtained from six beagle dogs. Periodontal fenestration defects (6 x 4 mm) were created bilaterally at a location 6 mm apical to the marginal alveolar crest in the maxillary canines. Alkaline phosphatase-positive periodontal ligament cells (3 x 10(5) cells) were seeded onto a collagen sponge scaffold just before implantation. One defect was filled with the cell-scaffold construct, and another was left empty as the control. All animals were killed 4 weeks after surgery, and specimens were evaluated histomorphometrically. All the histomorphometrical data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance with the Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. Regeneration of apical tissue was faster than that of coronal and isolated tissues on the control side (apical > coronal > isolated; p < 0.0001). On the other hand, on the cell-seeded side, regeneration of the cementum was observed uniformly on the root surface. Our data suggest that the seeded cells induced cementum regeneration on the root surface, indicating the potential of in situ tissue engineering using autologous cells for the regeneration of periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taka Nakahara
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Inada Y, Morimoto S, Takakura Y, Nakamura T. Regeneration of Peripheral Nerve Gaps with a Polyglycolic Acid-Collagen Tube. Neurosurgery 2004; 55:640-6; discussion 646-8. [PMID: 15335431 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000134388.86603.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Accepted: 04/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to report by means of objective methods on the effectiveness of a nerve reconstruction procedure using a bioresorbable tube in two patients. Our previous successes in regenerating canine peripheral nerves across long distances (80-mm gaps) using a bioabsorbable tube have led us to investigate the value of such a tube for the treatment of human patients with chronic nerve injuries.METHODS:The device was made from a cylindrically woven polyglycolic acid tube filled with a collagen sponge. It was designed to be resorbed after nerve regeneration. Peripheral sensory nerve defects in two patients with neuroma and pain were reconstructed using this tube. Patient 1 (a 62-year-old man) had a 20-mm defect of the proper digital nerve, and Patient 2 (a 56-year-old woman) had a 65-mm defect of the superficial peroneal nerve.RESULTS:After surgery, both patients recovered from the unpleasant sensations and intolerable pain. In Patient 1, functional recovery was objectively identified at 2 months, and conduction velocity of the nerve recovered to 49.1 m/s. In Patient 2, conduction velocity of the nerve was determined to be 16.9 m/s at 5 months. Current perception threshold testing indicated that sensory nerve function had been recovered by 65 days after surgery.CONCLUSION:This work represents the first precise clinical evaluation, performed under objective evaluation criteria, of sensory recovery achieved using a nerve tube, suggesting that the use of a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube has the potential to become a viable alternative to conventional autografting for the repair of peripheral nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Inada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inada Hospital, Nara, Japan
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Gentleman E, Lay AN, Dickerson DA, Nauman EA, Livesay GA, Dee KC. Mechanical characterization of collagen fibers and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2003; 24:3805-13. [PMID: 12818553 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Engineered tissues must utilize scaffolding biomaterials that support desired cellular functions and possess or can develop appropriate mechanical characteristics. This study assessed properties of collagen as a scaffolding biomaterial for ligament replacements. Mechanical properties of extruded bovine achilles tendon collagen fibers were significantly affected by fiber diameter, with smaller fibers displaying higher tangent moduli and peak stresses. Mechanical properties of 125 micrometer-diameter extruded fibers (tangent modulus of 359.6+/-28.4MPa; peak stress of 36.0+/-5.4MPa) were similar to properties reported for human ligaments. Scaffolds of extruded fibers did not exhibit viscoelastic creep properties similar to natural ligaments. Collagen fibers from rat tail tendon (a well-studied comparison material) displayed characteristic strain-softening behavior, and scaffolds of rat tail fibers demonstrated a non-intuitive relationship between tangent modulus and specimen length. Composite scaffolds (extruded collagen fibers cast within a gel of Type I rat tail tendon collagen) were maintained with and without fibroblasts under standard culture conditions for 25 days; cell-incorporated scaffolds displayed significantly higher tangent moduli and peak stresses than those without cells. Because tissue-engineered products must possess appropriate mechanical as well as biological/chemical properties, data from this study should help enable the development of improved tissue analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Gentleman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lindy Boggs Center, Tulane University, LA 70118, New Orleans, USA
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Hori Y, Nakamura T, Kimura D, Kaino K, Kurokawa Y, Satomi S, Shimizu Y. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on vascularization in esophagus tissue engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2003; 26:241-4. [PMID: 12703891 DOI: 10.1177/039139880302600310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We carried out an experimental study to evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-containing collagen gel on vascularization in esophageal tissue engineering. We compared an acellular collagen sponge scaffold and an acellular collagen gel scaffold in combination with bFGF using a canine model. The construct was implanted in the cervical esophagus and the regenerated tissue was evaluated one month after surgery. Histological analysis confirmed a significantly large amount of blood vessels in the bFGF-containing collagen gel group as compared to the collagen gel group without bFGF (bFGF (-)). However, in the collagen sponge groups, no difference was observed between the bFGF (+) group and the bFGF (-) group. These results showed that bFGF-containing collagen gel is suitable not only for an acellular scaffold for tissue engineering but also for an effective tropic factor vehicle in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hori
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Nakahara T, Nakamura T, Kobayashi E, Inoue M, Shigeno K, Tabata Y, Eto K, Shimizu Y. Novel approach to regeneration of periodontal tissues based on in situ tissue engineering: effects of controlled release of basic fibroblast growth factor from a sandwich membrane. TISSUE ENGINEERING 2003; 9:153-62. [PMID: 12625964 DOI: 10.1089/107632703762687636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To regenerate periodontal tissues, a sandwich membrane composed of a collagen sponge scaffold and gelatin microspheres containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a controlled-release system was developed according to the new concept of "in situ tissue engineering." A three-walled alveolar bone defect (3 x 4 x 4 mm) was made bilaterally in edentulous regions created mesially to the canines in both the maxilla and mandible of nine beagle dogs. A sandwich membrane with or without bFGF (100 microg) was implanted in each defect (each group, n = 18). During weeks 1, 2, and 4, histologic evaluation and histometric analyses were performed on three dogs. Throughout the 4 weeks, vascularization and osteogenesis were active only in the bFGF-treated group (p < 0.01). New cementum was formed (2.4 +/- 0.9 mm) on the exposed root surface at 4 weeks, and functional recovery of the periodontal ligament was indicated in part by the perpendicular orientation of regenerated collagen fibers. In the control group, epithelial downgrowth and root resorption occurred and the defects were filled with connective tissue. Thus, our sandwich membrane induced successful regeneration of the periodontal tissues in a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taka Nakahara
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nakahara T, Nakamura T, Tabata Y, Eto K, Shimizu Y. Regeneration of periodontal tissues based on in situ tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.2492/jsir.23.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hori Y, Nakamura T, Kimura D, Kaino K, Kurokawa Y, Satomi S, Shimizu Y. Functional analysis of the tissue-engineered stomach wall. Artif Organs 2002; 26:868-72. [PMID: 12296927 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2002.07006.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have established a method for in situ tissue engineering of the stomach in a canine model using an acellular collagen scaffold graft. The current study was conducted to evaluate the functional aspects of the tissue-engineered stomach wall. The anterior wall of the stomach in beagle dogs was replaced with a collagen sponge scaffold measuring 4 x 4 cm. At 16 weeks after implantation, the animals were sacrificed and the stomach specimens were evaluated immunohistochemically and physiologically. Regeneration of the proton pump and thin muscle layer, which are essential for mechanical and chemical digestion by the stomach, was observed in the tissue-engineered gastric tissue. However, acetylcholine-induced contraction was not observed in the tissue-engineered stomach wall. Although there is still room for improvement, the tissue-engineered stomach wall had a highly organized structure, and it is anticipated that this approach could eventually become an alternative for stomach reconstruction after gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Hori
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan.
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Shigeno K, Nakamura T, Inoue M, Ueda H, Kobayashi E, Nakahara T, Lynn AK, Toba T, Yoshitani M, Fukuda S, Kawanami R, Shimizu Y. Regenerative repair of the mandible using a collagen sponge containing TGF-beta1. Int J Artif Organs 2002; 25:1095-102. [PMID: 12487398 DOI: 10.1177/039139880202501109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alveolar bone resorption and atrophy of the mandible are a major challenge for regeneration medicine. In the present investigation, a collagen sponge that contained TGF-beta1 was placed at a mandibular defect and the osteogenic effects of collagen-TGF-beta1, complex were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Pm2, Pm3, and Pm4 teeth on both sides of the mandibles of 12 adult beagle dogs (9.0-12.0 kg) were extracted. After the extraction-site wounds healed, a bone defect (10.0 x 15.0 mm-wide, 10.0 mm-deep or 10.0 x 10.0 mm-wide, 10.0 mm-deep) was created on the mandible. A collagen sponge (10.0 x 10.0 x 10.0 mm) that contained TGF-beta1 (1.0 microg, 5.0 microg, or 10.0 microg, in physiological saline) was placed at the bottom of the defect and the overlying mucous membrane was sutured with 4-0 prolene. As a control, a collagen sponge that contained physiological saline only was placed in a defect on the opposite side. Two weeks after the surgery the wounds above the bone defects on both the control and TGF-beta1-treated sides had healed completely. RESULTS At four, six, or eight weeks post-operatively animals were killed. Soft X-ray and bone-salt measurement analyses confirmed clearly that there was greater calcified bone formation in the defects into which TGF-beta1 had been incorporated than with the control defects. The implanted collagen sponges were fully resorbed and the bone tissue had regenerated from the bottom of the defects on the TGF-beta1, side by four weeks. On the control side, no such regeneration was observed. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TGF-beta1, released slowly from a collagen sponge was effective in promoting bone remodeling when applied to mandibular defects in adult dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shigeno
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Komuro H, Nakamura T, Kaneko M, Nakanishi Y, Shimizu Y. Application of collagen sponge scaffold to muscular defects of the esophagus: an experimental study in piglets. J Pediatr Surg 2002; 37:1409-13. [PMID: 12378444 DOI: 10.1053/jpsu.2002.35402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Circular myotomy often has been used to elongate the esophagus in end-to-end anastomosis for esophageal atresia with a long gap. Defects of the muscular layer often have led to the ballooning of the esophagus during the postoperative course. Recently, successful regeneration of the neo-esophagus using collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) for self-tissue regeneration has been reported. The authors applied this CSS to the muscular defect after circular myotomy in animal experiments. METHODS Myectomy or myotomy of the cervical or thoracic esophagus was performed in 11 piglets. CSS was applied to the amuscular site, which was 20 to 30 mm in length, to examine the regeneration of the muscular layer in 8 piglets (CSS group). The amuscular site was not wrapped by CSS in 3 piglets as a control (control group). Two months after operation, the animals were killed, and their operated esophagi were examined macroscopically and microscopically. RESULTS All 11 piglets increased in weight normally without any sign of dysphagia or vomiting. The amuscular site onto which CSS was implanted was covered with loose connective tissue, but muscle regeneration was not found microscopically. The amuscular site, which had been wrapped by CSS, was not distended in any of the 8 piglets when inflated, and ballooning was observed in all 3 of the control group. CONCLUSION The results suggested that application of CSS to the site of circular myotomy for esophageal atresia with a long gap might not induce muscle regeneration but could prevent postoperative ballooning by inducing connective tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Komuro
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Toba T, Nakamura T, Shimizu Y, Matsumoto K, Ohnishi K, Fukuda S, Yoshitani M, Ueda H, Hori Y, Endo K. Regeneration of canine peroneal nerve with the use of a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube filled with laminin-soaked collagen sponge: a comparative study of collagen sponge and collagen fibers as filling materials for nerve conduits. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2002; 58:622-30. [PMID: 11745513 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel artificial nerve conduit was developed and its efficiency was evaluated on the basis of promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration across an 80-mm gap in dogs. The nerve conduit was made of a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube filled with laminin-soaked collagen sponge. Conduits filled with either sponge- or fiber-form collagen were implanted into an 80-mm gap of the peroneal nerve (five dogs for each form). Twelve months postoperatively nerve regeneration was superior in the sponge group both morphometrically (percentage of neural tissue: fiber: 39.7 +/- 5.2, sponge: 43.0 +/- 4.5, n=3) and electrophysiologically (fiber: CMAP 1.06 +/- 0.077, SEP 1.32 +/- 0.127 sponge: CMAP 1.04 +/- 0.106, SEP 1.24 +/- 0.197, n=5), although these differences were not statistically significant. The observed regeneration was complementary to successful results reported previously in the same model, in which collagen fibers exclusively were used. The results indicate a possible superiority of collagen sponge over collagen fibers as filling materials. In addition, the mass-producibility, superior scaffolding potential, and capacity for gradual release of soluble factors of the sponge provide make it an attractive alternative to fine fibers, which are both technologically difficult and costly to produce. This newly developed nerve conduit has the potential to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration across longer gaps commonly encountered in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toba
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Toba T, Nakamura T, Lynn AK, Matsumoto K, Fukuda S, Yoshitani M, Hori Y, Shimizu Y. Evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration across an 80-mm gap using a polyglycolic acid (PGA)--collagen nerve conduit filled with laminin-soaked collagen sponge in dogs. Int J Artif Organs 2002; 25:230-7. [PMID: 11999196 DOI: 10.1177/039139880202500310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated peripheral nerve regeneration using a novel artificial nerve conduit. The conduit was made of a polyglycolic acid(PGA) - collagen tube filled with laminin- soaked collagen sponge. We implanted this nerve conduit across an 80mm gap in the peroneal nerve of dogs. Histological observation 12 months after implantation showed numerous unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibershad regenerated beyond the gap. Neurofilaments were widely observed immunohistochemically in the regenerated nerve segments. These findings indicated that newly regenerated axons had extended across the gap and connected into the distal nerve segments. Compound muscle action potentials(CMAPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were recorded in all dogs. At 12 months, the CMAPs indicated complete recovery, while the SEPs showed incomplete but substantial recovery. Walking patterns had returned to near-normal 12 months after implantation. Use of this nerve conduit can lead to peripheral nerve elongation and favorable functional recovery across a wider nerve gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toba
- Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
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