1
|
Tretter V, Hochreiter B, Zach ML, Krenn K, Klein KU. Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010106. [PMID: 35008532 PMCID: PMC8745322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Living organisms use a large repertoire of anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain their physiological body functions, many of which include oxidation and reduction of substrates. The scientific field of redox biology tries to understand how redox homeostasis is regulated and maintained and which mechanisms are derailed in diverse pathological developments of diseases, where oxidative or reductive stress is an issue. The term “oxidative stress” is defined as an imbalance between the generation of oxidants and the local antioxidative defense. Key mediators of oxidative stress are reactive species derived from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur that are signal factors at physiological concentrations but can damage cellular macromolecules when they accumulate. However, therapeutical targeting of oxidative stress in disease has proven more difficult than previously expected. Major reasons for this are the very delicate cellular redox systems that differ in the subcellular compartments with regard to their concentrations and depending on the physiological or pathological status of cells and organelles (i.e., circadian rhythm, cell cycle, metabolic need, disease stadium). As reactive species are used as signaling molecules, non-targeted broad-spectrum antioxidants in many cases will fail their therapeutic aim. Precision medicine is called to remedy the situation.
Collapse
|
2
|
Agunloye OM. Effect of aqueous extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinus subnudus on activity of adenosine deaminase, arginase, cholinergic enzyme, and angiotensin-1-converting enzyme. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13490. [PMID: 33043511 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus) and Lentinus subnudus (L. subnudus) commonly consumed as food or as food supplement have been reported in folklore for their antihypertensive property with limited scientific proof. This study aims to unravel the antihypertensive mechanism of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus in vitro. The antioxidant properties of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus were established via standard antioxidant assays. Also, the effect of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus extracts on relevant enzymes associated to the development of hypertension were evaluated. Findings from this study revealed that P. ostreatus and L. subnudus extracts exhibited antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. Meanwhile, according to our results, various bioactive compounds present in P. ostreatus and L. subnudus could be responsible for the observed in vitro antihypertensive property. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: P. ostreatus and L. subnudus are the most commonly consumed mushrooms by the rural dwellers in South Western Nigeria, perhaps, based on their nutritive value and health-enhancing benefits. This paper showed that P. ostreatus and L. subnudus possess antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. Thus, their consumption as foods or food supplements may provide therapeutic benefits for hypertensive patients. Therefore, P. ostreatus and L. subnudus are promising candidates for the development of nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odunayo Michael Agunloye
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kamalov MI, Sadrieva GR, Pavlyuk AM, Salakhieva DV, Petrova NV, Abdullin TI. Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaspartic Acid-Histidine Conjugate as an Analog of Antioxidant Enzymes. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683819050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
4
|
Vishwakarma VK, Upadhyay PK, Gupta JK, Yadav HN. Pathophysiologic role of ischemia reperfusion injury: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jicc.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
|
5
|
Girn HRS, Ahilathirunayagam S, Mavor AID, Homer-Vanniasinkam S. Reperfusion Syndrome: Cellular Mechanisms of Microvascular Dysfunction and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2016; 41:277-93. [PMID: 17704330 DOI: 10.1177/1538574407304510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reperfusion injury is the paradoxical and complex phenomenon of exacerbation of cellular dysfunction and increase in cell death after the restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic tissues. It involves biochemical and cellular changes causing oxidant production and complement activation, which culminates in an inflammatory response, mediated by neutrophil and platelet cell interactions with the endothelium and among the cells themselves. The mounted inflammatory response has both local and systemic manifestations. Despite improvements in imaging, interventional techniques, and pharmacological agents, morbidity from reperfusion remains high. Extensive research has furthered the understanding of the various pathophysiological mechanisms involved and the development of potential therapeutic strategies. Preconditioning has emerged as a powerful method of ameliorating ischemia reperfusion injury to the myocardium and in transplant surgery. More recently, postconditioning has been shown to provide a therapeutic counter to vasoocclusive emergencies. More research and well-designed trials are needed to bridge the gap between experimental evidence and clinical implementation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Dominguez A, Valdivia A, Caballero J, Villalonga R, Martínez G, Schacht EH. Improved Pharmacological Properties for Superoxide Dismutase Modified with Carboxymethycellulose. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911505059068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was chemically modified with carboxymethylcellulose through two different synthetic procedures: Reductive alkylation with the periodate-oxidized polymer (SOD-CMCox), and the formation of amide linkages through a carbodiimide catalyzed reaction (SODCMCedac). The SOD-CMCox and SOD-CMCedac conjugates contained about 1.8–1.2mol of polymer per mol of protein, and retained 68–78% of the initial catalytic activity, respectively. The glycosidated enzymes were more resistant to inactivation with H2O2 and their plasma half-life times were prolonged to 34.7h – 6.6h when compared with 4.8min for native SOD. The anti-inflammatory activity of the enzyme was 2–2.4 times increased after conjugation with the polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Reynaldo Villalonga
- Enzyme Technology Group, Center for Biotechnological Studies, University of Matanzas, Autopista a Varadero Km 3 1/2, Matanzas, C.P. 44740, Cuba
| | - Gregorio Martínez
- Center for Evaluation and Biological Research, Institute of Pharmacy, Havana University, San Lazaro y L, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | - Etienne H. Schacht
- Polymer Materials Research Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Gent, Krijgslaan 281, S-4, B-9000 Gent. Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Park JS, Park MY, Cho YJ, Lee JH, Yoo CG, Lee CT, Lee SM. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Erdosteine in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2016; 39:1573-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Margaritelis NV. Antioxidants as therapeutics in the intensive care unit: Have we ticked the redox boxes? Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:126-132. [PMID: 27270047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill patients are under oxidative stress and antioxidant administration reasonably emerged as a promising approach to combat the aberrant redox homeostasis in this patient cohort. However, the results of the antioxidant treatments in the intensive care unit are conflicting and inconclusive. The main objective of the present review is to highlight some inherent, yet widely overlooked redox-related issues about the equivocal effectiveness of antioxidants in the intensive care unit, beyond methodological considerations. In particular, the discrepancy in the literature partially stems from: (1) the largely unspecified role of reactive species in disease onset and progression, (2) our fragmentary understanding on the interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress, (3) the complex spatiotemporal specificity of in vivo redox biology, (4) the pleiotropic effects of antioxidants and (5) the divergent effects of antioxidants according to the temporal administration pattern. In addition, two novel and sophisticated practices with promising pre-clinical results are presented: (1) the selective neutralization of reactive species in key organelles after they are formed (i.e., in mitochondria) and (2) the targeted complete inhibition of dominant reactive species sources (i.e., NADPH oxidases). Finally, the reductive potential of NADPH as a key pharmacological target for redox therapies is rationalized. In light of the above, the recontextualization of knowledge from basic redox biology to translational medicine seems imperative to perform more realistic in vivo studies in the fast-growing field of critical care pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos V Margaritelis
- Intensive Care Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ozgen M, Koca SS, Karatas A, Dagli AF, Erman F, Gundogdu B, Sahin K, Isik A. Lapatinib ameliorates experimental arthritis in rats. Inflammation 2015; 38:252-9. [PMID: 25283886 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands are commonly expressed by synovial cells. The aim of the present study was to detect the potential effect of lapatinib an inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinases on collagen-induced arthritis. Thirty Wistar albino female rats were randomized into three groups. Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of chicken type II collagen with incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Serum TNF-α, IL-17, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed. Tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxgenase-1 (HO-1) expressions were determined. TNF-α, IL-17 and MDA levels, and Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were lower in lapatinib-treated (30 mg/kg/day) group compared to sham group, while SOD, catalase, and GPx activities were higher (p < 0.05). Moreover, lapatinib ameliorated perisynovial inflammation and cartilage-bone destruction (p < 0.001). In conclusion, EGFR may have prominent pathogenic role and lapatinib may be an effective therapeutic option for arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Metin Ozgen
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of radioresistance in Deinococcus bacteria. Extremophiles 2015; 19:707-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-015-0759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
11
|
Tuteja N, Mishra P, Yadav S, Tajrishi M, Baral S, Sabat SC. Heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of a highly active and stable chloroplastic CuZn-superoxide dismutase from Pisum sativum. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:3. [PMID: 25887674 PMCID: PMC4333176 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CuZn-Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a unique enzyme, which can catalyzes the dismutation of inevitable metabolic product i.e.; superoxide anion into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme has gained wide interest in pharmaceutical industries due to its highly acclaimed antioxidative properties. The recombinant expression of this protein in its enzymatically active and stable form is highly desired and hence optimization of culture conditions and characterization of the related biochemical properties are essential to explore the significance of the enzyme in physiological, therapeutic, structural and transgenic research. RESULTS High-level expression of the chloroplastic isoform of Pisum sativum CuZn-SOD was achieved at 18°C, upon isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside induction and the process was optimized for maximum recovery of the protein in its soluble (enzymatically active) form. Both crude and purified protein fractions display significant increase in activity following supplementation of defined concentration Cu (CuSO4) and Zn (ZnSO4). Yield of the purified recombinant protein was ~ 4 mg L(-1) of culture volume and the bacterial biomass was ~ 4.5 g L(-1). The recombinant pea chloroplastic SOD was found to possess nearly 6 fold higher superoxide dismutase activity and the peroxidase activity was also 5 fold higher as compared to commercially available CuZn-superoxide dismutase. The computational, spectroscopic and biochemical characterization reveals that the protein harbors all the characteristics features of this class of enzyme. The enzyme was found to be exceptionally stable as evident from pH and temperature incubation studies and maintenance of SOD activity upon prolonged storage. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression and purification strategy presented here describes an efficient protocol for the production of a highly active and stable CuZn-superoxide dismutase in its recombinant form in E. coli system. The strategy can be utilized for the large-scale preparation of active CuZn-superoxide dismutase and thus it has wide application in pharmaceutical industries and also for elucidating the potential of this protein endowed with exceptional stability and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Panchanand Mishra
- Stress Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
| | - Sandep Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Marjan Tajrishi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Sudhir Baral
- Stress Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
| | - Surendra Chandra Sabat
- Stress Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ishibashi T. Molecular hydrogen: new antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 19:6375-81. [PMID: 23859555 PMCID: PMC3788323 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the progressive destruction of joint causes morbidity. It is also associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which can result in cardiovascular disease and mortality. The therapeutic goal is to control the systemic inflammation to obtain not only the remission of symptoms, but also improve general state of health. Although recent biologic immunosuppressive therapies targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines have spawned a paradigm shift regarding the prognosis of RA, these therapies possess inherent side effects. Also, early diagnosis of the disease remains confounded by uncertainty. While the mechanisms responsible for the onset of RA remain unclear, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of RA. ROS play a central role both upstream and downstream of NF-κB and TNFα pathways, which are located at the center of the inflammatory response. Among the ROS, the hydroxyl radical is the most harmful, and molecular hydrogen (H2) is a selective scavenger for this species. Recently, it has been shown that H2 is useful when administered along with the conventional therapy in RA as it acts to reduce oxidative stress in the patients. Especially in the early stage, H2 showed significant therapeutic potential, which also seemed to assist diagnosis and treatment decisions of RA. The possible expectations regarding the potential benefits of H2 by reducing the oxidative stress, resulting from inflammatory factors, are raised and discussed here. They include prevention of RA and related atherosclerosis, as well as therapeutic validity for RA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ishibashi
- Haradoi Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery, 6-40-8 Aoba, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-8588, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Serra R, Ciranni S, Molinari V, Mastroroberto P, de Franciscis S. Fatal early peripheral post-reperfusion syndrome and the role of cutaneous signs. Int Wound J 2014; 13:125-9. [PMID: 24588985 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this report is to present the case of a 75-year-old male affected by right common femoral artery and abdominal aortic aneurysms. His clinical history was also characterised by post-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension, chronic respiratory disease and peripheral arterial disease. We performed two surgical procedures: right femoral aneurysmectomy and femoro-femoral bypass and subsequently a femoro-femoral crossover bypass plus right femoro-popliteal bypass below the knee. The second operation became necessary in order to treat acute occlusion of the right iliac-femoral arterial axis. The patient developed a progressive and aggressive lower limb post-perfusion syndrome associated to frank peripheral oedema, myocardial stunning, reperfusion arrhythmias, renal failure and respiratory distress. Cutaneous alterations (oedema of the leg, mottled skin and cyanosis of the foot) were more specific compared with Doppler ultrasound that showed the presence of adequate blood flow in the early phase. On the basis of this experience and of pertinent literature, this study represents a challenge for the understanding of the exact mechanism of origin and progression of post-reperfusion syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology, International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ciranni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Molinari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mastroroberto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano de Franciscis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology, International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, University Magna Gracia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beharry KD, Cai CL, Sharma P, Bronshtein V, Valencia GB, Lazzaro DR, Aranda JV. Hydrogen peroxide accumulation in the choroid during intermittent hypoxia increases risk of severe oxygen-induced retinopathy in neonatal rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54:7644-57. [PMID: 24168990 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) requiring oxygen therapy often experience frequent episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH) and are at high risk for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Using an established model for oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), we examined the hypothesis that there is a critical number of daily brief IH episodes which will result in irreversible retinal oxidative damage. METHODS Newborn rats were exposed to increasing daily clustered IH episodes (12% O₂ with 50% O₂) from postnatal day (P) 0 to P7 or P0 to P14, or placed in room air (RA) until P21 following 7- or 14-day IH. RA littermates at P7, P14, and P21 served as controls. A group exposed to constant 50% O₂ (CH) served as a second control. Blood gases, eye opening at P14, retinal, and choroidal oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (8-isoPGF(2α)), oxidants (H₂O₂) and antioxidants (catalase and SOD), retinal pathology (adenosine diphosphatase (ADPase)-stained retinal flatmounts), and mitochondria-related genes were assessed. RESULTS pO₂ levels were higher with increasing IH episodes and remained elevated during the reoxygenation period. High SO₂ levels were associated with most severe OIR. Levels of all measured biomarkers peaked with six IH episodes and decreased with 8 to 12 episodes. H₂O₂ accumulated in the choroid during the reoxygenation period with irreversible retinal damage. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that six is the maximum number of IH episodes that the retina can sustain. Accumulation of H₂O₂ in the choroid may result in high levels being delivered to the entire retina, ultimately resulting in irreversible retinal oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mesenchymal stem cells restore CCl4-induced liver injury by an antioxidative process. Cell Biol Int 2013; 36:1267-74. [PMID: 23035905 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated BM (bone marrow)-derived MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) for the treatment of liver injury. It was hypothesized that MSC-mediated resolution of liver injury could occur through an antioxidative process. After being injected with CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), mice were injected with syngenic BM-derived MSCs or normal saline. Oxidative stress activity of the MSCs was determined by the analysis of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity. In addition, cytoprotective genes of the liver tissue were assessed by real-time PCR and ARE (antioxidant-response element) reporter assay. Up-regulated ROS of CCl4-treated liver cells was attenuated by co-culturing with MSCs. Suppression of SOD by adding an SOD inhibitor decreased the effect of MSCs on injured liver cells. MSCs significantly increased SOD activity and inhibited ROS production in the injured liver. The gene expression levels of Hmox-1 (haem oxygenase-1), BI-1 (Bax inhibitor-1), HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), GST (glutathione transferase) and Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythoid 2 p45 subunit-related factor 20), attenuated by CCl4, were increased up to basal levels after MSC transplantation. In addition, MSCs induced an ARE, shown by luciferase activity, which represented a cytoprotective response in the injured liver. Evidence of a new cytoprotective effect is shown in which MSCs promote an antioxidant response and supports the potential of using MSC transplantation as an effective treatment modality for liver disease.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee CH, Yoon SJ, Lee SM. Chlorogenic acid attenuates high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and enhances host defense mechanisms in murine sepsis. Mol Med 2013; 18:1437-48. [PMID: 23168580 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2012.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex, multifactorial, rapidly progressive disease characterized by an overwhelming activation of the immune system and the countervailing antiinflammatory response. In the current study in murine peritoneal macrophages, chlorogenic acid suppressed endotoxin-induced high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of chlorogenic acid also attenuated systemic HMGB1 accumulation in vivo and prevented mortality induced by endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis. The mechanisms of action of chlorogenic acid included attenuation of the increase in toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 expression and suppression of sepsis-induced signaling pathways, such as c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, which are critical for cytokine release. The protection conferred by chlorogenic acid was achieved through modulation of cytokine and chemokine release, suppression of immune cell apoptosis and augmentation of bacterial elimination. Chlorogenic acid warrants further evaluation as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of sepsis and other potentially fatal systemic inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Ho Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ishibashi T, Sato B, Rikitake M, Seo T, Kurokawa R, Hara Y, Naritomi Y, Hara H, Nagao T. Consumption of water containing a high concentration of molecular hydrogen reduces oxidative stress and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an open-label pilot study. Med Gas Res 2012; 2:27. [PMID: 23031079 PMCID: PMC3563451 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-2-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of bone and cartilage. Although its etiology is unknown, the hydroxyl radical has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Recently, molecular hydrogen (H2) was demonstrated to be a selective scavenger for the hydroxyl radical. Also, the method to prepare water containing extremely high concentration of H2 has been developed. We hypothesized that H2 in the water could complement conventional therapy by reducing the oxidative stress in RA. METHODS Twenty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drank 530 ml of water containing 4 to 5 ppm molecular hydrogen (high H2 water) every day for 4 weeks. After a 4-week wash-out period, the patients drank the high H2 water for another 4 weeks. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanine (8-OHdG) and disease activity (DAS28, using C-reactive protein [CRP] levels) was estimated at the end of each 4-week period. RESULTS Drinking high H2 water seems to raise the concentration of H2 more than the H2 saturated (1.6 ppm) water in vivo. Urinary 8-OHdG was significantly reduced by 14.3% (p < 0.01) on average. DAS28 also decreased from 3.83 to 3.02 (p < 0.01) during the same period. After the wash-out period, both the urinary 8-OHdG and the mean DAS28 decreased, compared to the end of the drinking period. During the second drinking period, the mean DAS28 was reduced from 2.83 to 2.26 (p < 0.01). Urinary 8-OHdG was not further reduced but remained below the baseline value. All the 5 patients with early RA (duration < 12 months) who did not show antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (ACPAs) achieved remission, and 4 of them became symptom-free at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the hydroxyl radical scavenger H2 effectively reduces oxidative stress in patients with this condition. The symptoms of RA were significantly improved with high H2 water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ishibashi
- Haradoi Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery, 6-40-8 Aoba, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-8588, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Paludo FJO, Simões-Pires A, Alho CS, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF. Participation of 47C>T SNP (Ala-9Val polymorphism) of the SOD2 gene in the intracellular environment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with and without lipopolysaccharides. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 372:127-35. [PMID: 22983815 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of sepsis occurs due to influence of environmental and genetic factors besides genes variants whose expression support its outcome or not. Oxidative stress is associated to the pathogenicity of sepsis, occurring when there is a reactive species overproduction associated with inflammation. The aim of this study was to characterize the cellular redox status of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with either -9Ala (AA) or -9Val (VV) SOD2 genotypes and evaluate their response to oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The PBMCs were isolated from the blood of 30 healthy human volunteers (15 volunteers for each allele) and the following assays were performed: antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase; catalase; glutathione peroxidase), total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter, non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant reactivity), and quantification of conjugated dienes (lipid peroxidation). At basal conditions (i.e., not stimulated by LPS), cells from 47C allele carriers showed higher activities of CAT and SOD, as well as higher TAR compared to 47T allele. However, when 47CC cells were challenged with LPS, we observed a higher shift toward a pro-oxidant state compared to 47TT cells. The CAT activity and lipid peroxidation were increased in cells with both alleles, but SOD activity increased significantly only in 47TT cells. These results demonstrate that SOD2 polymorphisms are associated with different cellular redox environments at both basal and LPS-stimulated states, and identification of this polymorphism may be important for a better understanding of pro-inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Jackson O Paludo
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (CEEO), Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600-ANEXO, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Mello RO, Lunardelli A, Caberlon E, de Moraes CMB, Christ Vianna Santos R, da Costa VL, da Silva GV, da Silva Scherer P, Buaes LEC, da Silva Melo DA, Donadio MVF, Nunes FB, de Oliveira JR. Effect of N-acetylcysteine and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in the treatment of experimental sepsis. Inflammation 2012; 34:539-50. [PMID: 20882329 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-010-9261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome caused by uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response of the individual, which represents a serious epidemiological problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in the treatment of experimental sepsis. We used rats that were divided into five experimental groups: normal control (not induced), septic control (induced using a capsule with non sterile fecal content and Escherichia coli), treated with FBP (500 mg/kg i.p.), treated with NAC (150 mg/kg i.p.), and treated with the combination of FBP with NAC. In the group treated with NAC, 16.68% of the mice survived, the FBP reduced the mortality of mice during the acute stage of the disease and increased the animals' survival time in 33.34%, and the combination of drugs had no effect. Our results show that NAC prevented the mortality of animals after septic induction. These data confirm the validity of the use of NAC in the treatment of sepsis. Our data also show that the synergistic action with FBP does not improve the picture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Obalski de Mello
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12C, sala 263, CEP 90.619-900, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable compounds. These highly reactive molecules cause oxidative damage to cellular components such as DNA, proteins and lipids. They play central role in the mechanism of cell injury and cell death. Free radical scavengers either prevent these reactive species from being formed, or remove them before they can damage vital components of the cell. Oxidative stress defines an imbalance in production of oxidizing chemical species and their effective removal by protective antioxidants and scavenger enzymes. Evidence of massive oxidative stress is well established in critical illnesses characterized by tissue ischaemia-reperfusion injury and by an intense systemic inflammatory response such as during sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury. Several clinical trials have been performed in order to reduce oxidative stress by supplementation of antioxidants alone or in combination with standard therapies. Antioxidant supplementation at an early stage of illness may lead to improved therapies in the treatment of critically ill patients. Several intravenous anaesthetic drugs act as reactive oxygen species scavengers. Anaesthetic preconditioning is of particular interest to anaesthesiologist, in which lasting protection of myocardium is elicited by brief exposure to a inhalational anaesthetic agent. These anasthetics may also mediate protective effects in other organs, such as the brain and kidney It is important for the anaesthesiologist to understand the mechanism of damage caused by free radicals and how free radical scavengers work so that this knowledge can be applied to varied pathological conditions. The topic was hand searched in text books and electronically searched from PubMed and Google scholar using text words.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milind S Hatwalne
- Department of Anaesthesiology, KBN Institute of Medical Sciences, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Amanullah M, Zaman GS, Rahman J, Rahman SS. Lipid peroxidation the levels of antioxidant enzymes in hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2012.2.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
22
|
Zinc supplementation in intensive care: Results of a UK survey. J Crit Care 2012; 27:102.e1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2011.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Budimir A, Šmuc T, Weitner T, Batinić-Haberle I, Biruš M. Thermodynamics and electrochemistry of manganese ortho-tetrakis(N-n-butylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin in aqueous solutions. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2010.502571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Budimir
- a Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Šmuc
- a Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Tin Weitner
- a Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ines Batinić-Haberle
- b Department of Radiation Oncology , Duke University Medical School , Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mladen Biruš
- a Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Effects of N-Acetylcysteine/Deferoxamine, Taurine and RC-3095 on Respiratory Chain Complexes and Creatine Kinase Activities in Rat Brain After Sepsis. Neurochem Res 2009; 35:515-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
25
|
Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S. Role of nitroso radicals as drug targets in circulatory shock. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 157:494-508. [PMID: 19630831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A vast amount of circumstantial evidence implicates oxygen-derived free radicals (especially, superoxide and hydroxyl radical) and high-energy oxidants [such as peroxynitrite (OONO(-))] as mediators of shock and ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Reactive oxygen species can initiate a wide range of toxic oxidative reactions. These include initiation of lipid peroxidation, direct inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, inhibition of membrane sodium/potassium adenosine 5'-triphosphate-ase activity, inactivation of membrane sodium channels and other oxidative modifications of proteins. All these toxicities are likely to play a role in the pathophysiology of shock and ischaemia and reperfusion. Moreover, various studies have clearly shown that treatment with either OONO(-) decomposition catalysts, which selectively inhibit OONO(-), or with superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics, which selectively mimic the catalytic activity of the human SOD enzymes, have been shown to prevent in vivo the delayed vascular decompensation and the cellular energetic failure associated with shock and ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
Collapse
|
26
|
The Rho-A/Rho-kinase pathway is up-regulated but remains inhibited by cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent mechanisms during endotoxemia in small mesenteric arteries. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:1716-23. [PMID: 19325475 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e31819efb43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated whether a reduced activity in the Rho-A/Rho-kinase pathway could be involved in the impaired vascular reactivity observed in septic shock. DESIGN Ex vivo animal study. SETTING University research laboratory. SUBJECTS Male Wistar rats. INTERVENTIONS Rats received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) either 6 or 24 hours before the onset of our experiments. The effects of Y-27632 (a Rho-kinase inhibitor) were assessed in first-order mesenteric rings taken from these animals using wire myograph. The expression of Rho-A, Rho-kinases I and II, and the total and phosphorylated myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) were assessed by Western blotting. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The EC50 to Y-27632 was reduced from 2.10 microM (1.22-3.66 microM) (control) to 0.21 microM (0.09-0.44 microM), and 9.54 (0.82-110.30) nM in LPS-treated groups 6 and 24 hours, respectively. The increased potency of Y-27632 was partially reversed by endothelium removal at both 6 and 24 hours. Incubation of Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride or 1400W (a nonselective and an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, respectively) normalized the responses to Y-27632 seen 6 hours after LPS. However, 1400W had no effect, whereas Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride caused a partial reduction in the enhanced potency of Y-27632 found 24 hours after LPS. The soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one was able to bring the Y-27632 response back to normal both 6 and 24 hours after LPS. Rho-A, Rho-kinase I, Rho-kinase II, and MYPT1 were increased in mesenteric arteries from endotoxemic rats, but the phosphorylated MYPT1 was significantly reduced. However, incubation with oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one circumvented the inhibition of MYPT1 phosphorylation found in preparations from LPS-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed an impaired Rho-A/Rho-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of MYPT1 in vessels from endotoxemic animals in a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent manner, suggesting that changes in mechanisms involved in calcium sensitization play a pivotal role in cardiovascular changes observed in septic shock.
Collapse
|
27
|
Batinić-Haberle I, Cuzzocrea S, Rebouças JS, Ferrer-Sueta G, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Radi R, Spasojević I, Benov L, Salvemini D. Pure MnTBAP selectively scavenges peroxynitrite over superoxide: comparison of pure and commercial MnTBAP samples to MnTE-2-PyP in two models of oxidative stress injury, an SOD-specific Escherichia coli model and carrageenan-induced pleurisy. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:192-201. [PMID: 19007878 PMCID: PMC2742324 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 09/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MnTBAP is often referred to as an SOD mimic in numerous models of oxidative stress. We have recently reported that pure MnTBAP does not dismute superoxide, but commercial or poorly purified samples are able to perform O2.- dismutation with low-to-moderate efficacy via non-innocent Mn-containing impurities. Herein, we show that neither commercial nor pure MnTBAP could substitute for SOD enzyme in a SOD-deficient Escherichia coli model, whereas MnTE-2-PyP-treated SOD-deficient E. coli grew as well as a wild-type strain. This SOD-specific system indicates that MnTBAP does not act as an SOD mimic in vivo. In another model, carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice, inflammation was evidenced by increased pleural fluid exudate and neutrophil infiltration and activation: these events were blocked by 0.3 mg/kg MnTE-2-PyP and, to a slightly lesser extent, by 10 mg/kg of either MnTBAP. Also, 3-nitrotyrosine formation, an indication of peroxynitrite existence in vivo, was blocked by both compounds; again MnTE-2-PyP was 33-fold more effective. Pleurisy model data indicate that MnTBAP exerts some protective actions in common with MnTE-2-PyP, which are not O2.- related and can be fully rationalized if one considers that the common biological role shared by MnTBAP and MnTE-2-PyP is related to their reduction of peroxynitrite and carbonate radical, the latter arising from ONOOCO2 adduct. The log kcat (O2.-) value for MnTBAP is estimated to be about 3.16, which is approximately 5 and approximately 6 orders of magnitude smaller than the SOD activities of the potent SOD mimic MnTE-2-PyP and Cu,Zn-SOD, respectively. This very low value indicates that MnTBAP is too inefficient at dismuting superoxide to be of any biological impact, which was confirmed in the SOD-deficient E. coli model. The peroxynitrite scavenging ability of MnTBAP, however, is only approximately 2.5 orders of magnitude smaller than that of MnTE-2-PyP and is not significantly affected by the presence of the SOD-active impurities in the commercial MnTBAP sample (log k red (ONOO-) = 5.06 for pure and 4.97 for commercial sample). The reduction of carbonate radical is equally fast with MnTBAP and MnTE-2-PyP. The dose of MnTBAP required to yield oxidative stress protection and block nitrotyrosine formation in the pleurisy model is > 1.5 orders of magnitude higher than that of MnTE-2-PyP, which could be related to the lower ability of MnTBAP to scavenge peroxynitrite. The slightly better protection observed with the commercial MnTBAP sample (relative to the pure MnTBAP) could arise from its impurities, which, by scavenging O2.-, reduce consequently the overall peroxynitrite and secondary ROS/RNS levels. These observations have profound biological repercussions as they may suggest that the effect of MnTBAP observed in numerous studies may conceivably relate to peroxynitrite scavenging. Moreover, provided that pure MnTBAP is unable to dismute superoxide at any significant extent, but is able to partially scavenge peroxynitrite and carbonate radical, this compound may prove valuable in distinguishing ONOO-/CO3.- from O2.- pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Batinić-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical School, Durham NC 27710, USA
- Corresponding authors: Ines Batinic-Haberle, Ph.D., Duke University Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology - Cancer Biology, 281b/285 MSRB I, Box 3455, Durham, NC 27710, Tel: +1-919-684-2101; Fax: +1-919-684-8718, e-mail: , Daniela Salvemini, Ph.D., Saint Louis University, Department of Internal Medicine - Division on Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, Desloge Towers 7th Floor, St Louis, MO 6311, Tel: +1-314-577-8856; Fax: +1-314-577-8859, e-mail:
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Júlio S. Rebouças
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical School, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rafael Radi
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Ivan Spasojević
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical School, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Corresponding authors: Ines Batinic-Haberle, Ph.D., Duke University Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology - Cancer Biology, 281b/285 MSRB I, Box 3455, Durham, NC 27710, Tel: +1-919-684-2101; Fax: +1-919-684-8718, e-mail: , Daniela Salvemini, Ph.D., Saint Louis University, Department of Internal Medicine - Division on Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, 3635 Vista Avenue, Desloge Towers 7th Floor, St Louis, MO 6311, Tel: +1-314-577-8856; Fax: +1-314-577-8859, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mostefai HA, Meziani F, Mastronardi ML, Agouni A, Heymes C, Sargentini C, Asfar P, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Circulating Microparticles from Patients with Septic Shock Exert Protective Role in Vascular Function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178:1148-55. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200712-1835oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
29
|
Luchtemberg MN, Petronilho F, Constantino L, Gelain DP, Andrades M, Ritter C, Moreira JCF, Streck EL, Dal-Pizzol F. Xanthine oxidase activity in patients with sepsis. Clin Biochem 2008; 41:1186-90. [PMID: 18775690 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2008] [Revised: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 07/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the relation of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and the outcome of septic patients and its relation to oxidative damage and clinical parameters of sepsis severity. DESIGN AND METHODS Patients admitted over a 6-month period were enrolled. Patients were assigned to groups according to the diagnosis of sepsis (n=8), severe sepsis (n=28) or septic shock (n=36). Blood samples were collected to the determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), protein carbonyls and XO activity. RESULTS None of the studied oxidative parameters determined at the time of diagnosis were related to sepsis severity. XO activity, but not oxidative damage parameters, at the time of sepsis diagnosis was significantly higher in non-survival septic patients. In contrast, 24 h after sepsis diagnosis, XO activity was lower in non-survivors septic patients. CONCLUSIONS XO activity was increased in non-survivors patients and the variations in XO activity could be used for outcome prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilene N Luchtemberg
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lomri A. Role of reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutase in cartilage aging and pathology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2217/17460816.3.4.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
31
|
Zapelini PH, Rezin GT, Cardoso MR, Ritter C, Klamt F, Moreira JCF, Streck EL, Dal-Pizzol F. Antioxidant treatment reverses mitochondrial dysfunction in a sepsis animal model. Mitochondrion 2008; 8:211-8. [PMID: 18417427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from the literature has demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the development of multiple organ failure and septic shock. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The hypothesis of cytopathic hypoxia postulates that impairment in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reduces aerobic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and potentially induces MODS. In this work, our aim was to evaluate the effects of antioxidants on oxidative damage and energy metabolism parameters in liver of rats submitted to a cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. We speculate that CLP induces a sequence of events that culminate with liver cells death. We propose that mitochondrial superoxide production induces mitochondrial oxidative damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, swelling and release of cytochrome c. These events occur in early sepsis development, as reported in the present work. Liver cells necrosis only occurs 24 h after CLP, but all other events occur earlier (6-12 h). Moreover, we showed that antioxidants may prevent oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in liver of rats after CLP. In another set of experiments, we verified that L-NAME administration did not reverse increase of superoxide anion production, TBARS formation, protein carbonylation, mitochondrial swelling, increased serum AST or inhibition on complex IV activity caused by CLP. Considering that this drug inhibits nitric oxide synthase and that no parameter was reversed by its administration, we suggest that all the events reported in this study are not mediated by nitric oxide. In conclusion, although it is difficult to extrapolate our findings to human, it is tempting to speculate that antioxidants may be used in the future in the treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula H Zapelini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma 88006-000, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pure manganese(III) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP) is not a superoxide dismutase mimic in aqueous systems: a case of structure–activity relationship as a watchdog mechanism in experimental therapeutics and biology. J Biol Inorg Chem 2007; 13:289-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-007-0324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- My Hang V Huynh
- DE-1: High Explosive Science and Technology Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The past several years have seen remarkable advances in understanding the basic cellular and physiologic mechanisms underlying organ dysfunction and recovery relating to sepsis. Although several new therapeutic approaches have improved outcome in septic patients, the far-reaching potential of these new insights into sepsis-associated mechanisms is only beginning to be realized. AIM The Brussels Round Table Conference in 2006 convened >30 experts in the field of inflammation and sepsis to review recent advances involving sepsis and to discuss directions that the field is likely to take in the near future. FINDINGS Current understanding of the pathophysiology underlying sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction highlights the multiple cell populations and cell-signaling pathways involved in this complex condition. There is an increasing appreciation of interactions existing between different cells and organs affected by the septic process. The intricate cross-talk provided by temporal changes in mediators, hormones, metabolites, neural signaling, alterations in oxygen delivery and utilization, and by modifications in cell phenotypes underlines the adaptive and even coordinated processes beyond the dysregulated chaos in which sepsis was once perceived. Many pathologic processes previously considered to be detrimental are now viewed as potentially protective. Applying systems approaches to these complex processes will permit better appreciation of the effectiveness or harm of treatments, both present and future, and also will allow development not only of better directed, but also of more appropriately timed, strategies to improve outcomes from this still highly lethal condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Abraham
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chiumiento A, Lamponi S, Barbucci R, Domínguez A, Pérez Y, Villalonga R. Immobilizing Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase in hydrogels of carboxymethylcellulose improves its stability and wound healing properties. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2007; 71:1324-8. [PMID: 17223784 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297906120066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with 50 and 90% cross-linking degree (CMC50% and CMC90%, respectively) were prepared and loaded with bovine erythrocyte Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) to obtain two drug delivery systems: SOD-CMC50% and SOD-CMC90%. Resistance of native SOD to inactivation by H2O2 and the effect of applying SOD-CMC hydrogels to open wounds of rats' back skin were examined and compared to that of SOD trapped into CMC50% and CMC90% hydrogels. Also, the effect of CMC50% and SOD-CMC90% on human fibroblasts proliferation was evaluated at different times. It was found that SOD in the hydrogel was more resistant to H2O2 inactivation than the native enzyme and at the same time it reduced the time necessary for wound healing. Furthermore, the highest cell proliferation value was found for the CMC50% hydrogels, which had a three-dimensional structure suitable for gas and nutrient exchanges and improving cell life conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chiumiento
- CRISMA Department of Chemical and Biosystem Sciences and Technologies, University of Siena, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Radicaux libres dérivés de l'oxygène et superoxydes dismutases: rôle dans les maladies rhumatismales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rhum.2006.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
37
|
Kasap S, Gönenç A, Şener DE, Hisar İ. Serum cardiac markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction: oxidative stress, C-reactive protein and N-terminal probrain natriuretic Peptide. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2007; 41:50-7. [PMID: 18392101 PMCID: PMC2274989 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.2007007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of an oxidative stress, C-reactive protein (CRP) and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The study population contained 100 patients with AMI and 40 healthy subjects. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Total antioxidant status (TAC) was assayed with colorimetric method. CRP and NT-proBNP was quantitated by immunoassay. MDA, CRP and NT-proBNP levels were found significantly high in patients with AMI as compared to healthy controls (p<0.01). Patients were divided into six groups based on the presence of disease history before AMI. In patients with non-disease before AMI. MDA, CRP and NT-proBNP levels were lowest among the patient groups. MDA levels in patients with hyperlipidemia/ diabetes/renal disease were higher than the other groups. TAC levels in patients with hypertension were lower than as compared to healthy controls (p<0.05). CRP levels in hypertension + hyperlipidemia patients and NT-proBNP levels in cardiovascular + hypertension patients were found high as compared to other patient groups. It is concluded that serum levels of MDA, CRP and NT-proBNP were significantly increased in patients with AMI and these markers were strongly predictive in AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Kasap
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aymelek Gönenç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Erten Şener
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmet Hisar
- Department of Cardiology, Tükiye Yüksek Ihtisas Educational and Research Hospital, 06100 Shhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Afonso V, Champy R, Mitrovic D, Collin P, Lomri A. Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutases: role in joint diseases. Joint Bone Spine 2007; 74:324-9. [PMID: 17590367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in many normal and abnormal processes in humans, including atheroma, asthma, joint diseases, aging, and cancer. The superoxide anion O(2)(-) is the main ROS. Increased ROS production leads to tissue damage associated with inflammation. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) convert superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which is then removed by glutathione peroxidase or catalase. Thus, SODs prevent the formation of highly aggressive ROS, such as peroxynitrite or the hydroxyl radical. Experimental models involving SOD knockout or overexpression are beginning to shed light on the pathophysiological role of SOD in humans. Although the antiinflammatory effects of exogenous native SOD (orgotein) are modest, synthetic SOD mimetics hold considerable promise for modulating the inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss new knowledge about the role of the superoxide anion and its derivates as mediators of inflammation and the role of SODs and SOD mimetics as antioxidant treatments in joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and crystal-induced arthropathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Afonso
- INSERM U606, IFR-139, Paris 7 University, Lariboisière Teaching Hospital, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sellés AJN, Rodríguez MDD, Balseiro ER, Gonzalez LN, Nicolais V, Rastrelli L. Comparison of major and trace element concentrations in 16 varieties of Cuban mango stem bark (Mangifera indica L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:2176-81. [PMID: 17311401 DOI: 10.1021/jf063051+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An aqueous decoction of mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark (MSB) has been developed in Cuba on an industrial scale to be used as a nutritional supplement, cosmetic, and phytomedicine, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties. The concentration of major and trace elements was determined for 16 varieties of MSB belonging to two cultivars and grown in Cuba in the same soil (red ferralytic). Plants were classified into two groups, according to the tree age (12 and 26 year olds) and were analyzed for As, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Pb, Se, and Zn content by means of ICP-AES technique. Experimental data were processed by ANOVA and principal component analysis in terms of elements, variety, and plant age, to choose the most adequate varieties for industrial purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Núñez Sellés
- Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 200 & 21 st, Atabey, CP 11600 Havana, Apdo. 16042, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
During critical illness free radical production may increase as a result of, for example, sepsis or tissue trauma. In addition, because of a potential for increased losses, and the possibility of inadequate nutrition, the antioxidant defences of the body may become compromised. Thus, the delicate balance between free radicals and antioxidants may be disturbed. Various nutritional and pharmacological strategies to enhance antioxidant defences have been proposed, which aim either to maintain or enhance endogenous antioxidant stores or to provide alternative antioxidant agents. Trace elements and amino acids are particularly important, and their synergistic role in the maintenance of the body's antioxidant defence network will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Eaton
- Unit of Paediatric Surgery and Biochemistry, Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Institute of Child Health (University College London), 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, López LC, Tan DX, Maldonado MD, Sánchez-Hidalgo M, León J, Reiter RJ. Pharmacological utility of melatonin in the treatment of septic shock: experimental and clinical evidence. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006; 58:1153-65. [PMID: 16945173 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.9.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in critically ill patients and develops as a result of the host response to infection. In recent years, important advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. Mitochondria play a central role in the intracellular events associated with inflammation and septic shock. One of the current hypotheses for the molecular mechanisms of sepsis is that the enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production by mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS) leads to excessive peroxynitrite (ONOO-) production and protein nitration, impairing mitochondrial function. Despite the advances in understanding of its pathophysiology, therapy for septic shock remains largely symptomatic and supportive. Melatonin has well documented protective effects against the symptoms of severe sepsis/shock in both animals and in humans; its use for this condition significantly improves survival. Melatonin administration counteracts mtNOS induction and respiratory chain failure, restores cellular and mitochondrial redox status, and reduces proinflammatory cytokines. Melatonin clearly prevents multiple organ failure, circulatory failure, and mitochondrial damage in experimental sepsis, and reduces lipid peroxidation, indices of inflammation and mortality in septic human newborns. Considering these effects of melatonin and its virtual absence of toxicity, the use of melatonin (along with conventional therapy) to preserve mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as to limit inflammatory responses and oxidative damage should be seriously considered as a treatment option in both septic newborn and adult patients. This review summarizes the data that provides a rationale for using melatonin in septic shock patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Germaine Escames
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Crimi E, Sica V, Slutsky AS, Zhang H, Williams-Ignarro S, Ignarro LJ, Napoli C. Role of oxidative stress in experimental sepsis and multisystem organ dysfunction. Free Radic Res 2006; 40:665-72. [PMID: 16983993 DOI: 10.1080/10715760600669612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Massive increase in radical species can lead to oxidative stress, promoting cell injury and death. This review focuses on experimental evidence of oxidative stress in critical illnesses, sepsis and multisystem organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress could negatively affect organ injury and thus overall survival of experimental models. Based on this experimental evidence, we could improve the rationale of supplementation of antioxidants alone or in combination with standard therapies aimed to reduce oxidative stress as novel adjunct treatment in critical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Crimi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zahmatkesh M, Kadkhodaee M, Arab HA, Shams S. Effects of Co-Administration of an iNOS Inhibitor with a Broad-Spectrum Reactive Species Scavenger in Rat Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 103:e119-25. [PMID: 16554662 DOI: 10.1159/000092197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/02/2005] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally believed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and nitric oxide (NO) generation by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are the key mediators of ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced damage to the kidney. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ROS and NOS inhibition in prevention of renal IR injury. MnTBAP (Manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin), a broad-spectrum reactive species scavenger was administered to inhibit ROS formation and L-Nil (N6-(1-iminoethyl)-L-lysine hydrochloride) was used for iNOS inhibition. METHODS Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) was induced by 40-min clamping of the renal arteries followed by a 6-hour reperfusion. Rats were administered saline, MnTBAP (10 mg/kg i.v.), L-Nil (3 mg/kg i.v. bolus followed by infusion of 1 mg/kg/h) or co-administration of MnTBAP and L-Nil. Plasma creatinine (Cr) and BUN levels as well as fractional excretion of Na+ (FE(Na+)) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were measured. Renal damages were evaluated by light microscopy. RESULTS MnTBAP, L-Nil and their co-administration significantly improved renal functional and histological indices. Co-administration of the mentioned drugs did not demonstrate significant difference with the administration of either drug alone. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the significant portion of ROS and iNOS nephrotoxicities in this model of ARF may be mediated by peroxynitrite (ONOO-). These results emphasize the multifactorial nature of ARF and the need for a multidrug therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zahmatkesh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Crimi E, Sica V, Williams-Ignarro S, Zhang H, Slutsky AS, Ignarro LJ, Napoli C. The role of oxidative stress in adult critical care. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:398-406. [PMID: 16443154 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Revised: 10/16/2005] [Accepted: 10/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress defines an imbalance in production of oxidizing chemical species and their effective removal by protective antioxidants and scavenger enzymes. Evidence of massive oxidative stress is well established in adult critical illnesses characterized by tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury and by an intense systemic inflammatory response such as during sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Oxidative stress could exacerbate organ injury and thus overall clinical outcome. We searched MEDLINE databases (January 1966 to June 2005). For interventional studies, we accepted only randomized trials. Several small clinical trials have been performed in order to reduce oxidative stress by supplementation of antioxidants alone or in combination with standard therapies. These studies have reported controversial results. Newer large multicenter trials with antioxidant supplementation should be performed, considering administration at an early stage of illness and a wider population of critically ill patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Crimi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Perez Y, Valdivia A, Gomez L, Simpson BK, Villalonga R. Glycosidation of Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase with End-Group Aminated Dextran. Pharmacological and Pharmacokinetics Properties. Macromol Biosci 2005; 5:1220-5. [PMID: 16315187 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200500139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bovine Cu,Zn-SOD was chemically modified with an end-group aminated dextran derivative using a water-soluble carbodiimide as coupling agent. The enzyme retained 81% of the initial catalytic activity after the attachment of about 4.4 mol of polymer per protein subunit. The anti-inflammatory activity of the SOD was two times increased after conjugation with dextran. The modified enzyme was remarkably more resistant to inactivation by H(2)O(2) and its plasma half-life time was prolonged from 4 min to 3.2 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunel Perez
- Enzyme Technology Group, University of Matanzas, Autopista a Varadero km 3 1/2, Matanzas, C.P. 44740, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zahmatkesh M, Kadkhodaee M, Moosavi SMS, Jorjani M, Kajbafzadeh A, Golestani A, Ghaznavi R. Beneficial effects of MnTBAP, a broad-spectrum reactive species scavenger, in rat renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Clin Exp Nephrol 2005; 9:212-8. [PMID: 16189629 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-005-0359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, several lines of evidence have implicated reactive species as contributors to renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). This study was designed to investigate the effect of Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP), a broad-spectrum reactive species scavenger, in the prevention of renal I/R injury. METHODS Experiments were performed on rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. After tracheotomy, the right femoral artery was cannulated and the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded. A midline laparatomy was performed, and the renal arteries were carefully separated from surrounding tissues. After surgery and a stabilization period (60 min), the animals were randomly assigned to four groups: sham-operated; sham+MnTBAP; I/R; I/R+MnTBAP. In I/R groups, the rats were subjected to bilateral renal artery occlusion for 40 min followed by 6 h reperfusion. Other groups underwent the surgery protocol but did not undergo renal artery occlusion, and were maintained under anesthesia for the duration of the experiment. Rats were administered either MnTBAP (10 mg kg(-1), i.v. bolus, 15 min prior to I/R) or saline. Renal function was assessed by plasma creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) measurements. The fractional excretion of Na(+) (FE(Na+)) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were also measured. Renal section damage was evaluated by light microscopy, and oxidative stress status was evaluated by measurements of plasma and renal vitamin E levels. RESULTS We found that MnTBAP significantly reduced the I/R-mediated increases in plasma Cr, BUN, AST, FE(Na+), and NAG and improved the renal tissue histology. CONCLUSION Our results showed that MnTBAP was effective in preventing the development of I/R-induced renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zahmatkesh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14174, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
Matejovic M, Krouzecky A, Martinkova V, Rokyta R, Radej J, Kralova H, Treska V, Radermacher P, Novak I. Effects of tempol, a free radical scavenger, on long-term hyperdynamic porcine bacteremia*. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:1057-63. [PMID: 15891336 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000162927.94753.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pretreatment with tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, has been shown to be protective in rodent models of endotoxic and Gram-positive shock. However, neither the pretreatment design nor hypodynamic endotoxic shock in rodents mimics the clinical scenario. Therefore, we investigated the effects of tempol in a posttreatment model of long-term, volume-resuscitated, hyperdynamic porcine bacteremia. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study. SETTING University animal laboratory. SUBJECTS Sixteen anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented pigs. INTERVENTIONS Sepsis was induced and maintained for 24 hrs with continuous infusion of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After 12 hrs of hyperdynamic sepsis, animals were randomized to receive either vehicle (control, n = 8) or continuous infusion of tempol (n = 8, 30 mg/kg/hr). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Systemic and hepatosplanchnic hemodynamics, oxygen exchange, metabolism, ileal mucosal microcirculation, and tonometry as well as oxidative stress and coagulation variables were assessed before and after 12, 18, and 24 hrs of P. aeruginosa infusion. Tempol significantly attenuated reduction in mean arterial pressure. Despite comparable mesenteric macrocirculation, tempol attenuated the otherwise progressive deterioration in ileal mucosal microcirculation and prevented mucosal acidosis. By contrast, treatment with tempol failed to influence the P. aeruginosa-induced derangements of hepatosplanchnic redox state, liver lactate clearance, and regional acidosis but prevented the development of renal dysfunction. In addition, tempol reduced nitrosative stress without significant effect on the gradual increase in plasma 8-isoprostanes. Finally, tempol attenuated sepsis-induced endothelial (von Willebrand factor) and hemostatic dysfunction (thrombin-antithrombin complexes, plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1). CONCLUSIONS The radical scavenger tempol partially prevented live bacteria from causing key features of hemodynamic and metabolic derangements in porcine hyperdynamic sepsis and beneficially affected surrogate markers of sepsis-induced endothelial and coagulation dysfunction. Incomplete reduction of oxidative stress because of dilutional effects and/or missed optimal therapeutic window for antioxidant treatment when used in posttreatment approach may account for the only partial protection by tempol in this model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Matejovic
- Intensive Care Unit, First Medical Department, Charles University Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Cuzzocrea S, Genovese T, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Muià C, Britti D, Salvemini D. Reduction in the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis by treatment with M40401, a new selective superoxide dismutase mimetic. Shock 2005; 22:254-61. [PMID: 15316396 DOI: 10.1097/01.shk.0000132490.79498.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the early stage of acute pancreatitis, as well as in the associated multiple organ injury. This study tests the hypothesis that M40401, a new superoxide dismutase mimetic, attenuates experimental acute pancreatitis. Intraperitoneal injection of cerulein in mice resulted in a severe, acute pancreatitis that was characterized by edema, neutrophil infiltration, tissue hemorrhage, and cell necrosis, as well as increases in the serum levels of amylase and/or lipase. The infiltration of the pancreatic tissue of these animals with neutrophils (measured as an increase in myeloperoxidase activity) was associated with expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, as well as signs of enhanced lipid peroxidation (e.g., increased tissue levels of malondialdehyde). Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated a marked increase in the staining (immunoreactivity) for nitrotyrosine and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in the pancreas of cerulein-treated mice. In contrast, the degree of pancreatic inflammation and tissue injury (histological score), the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, the staining for nitrotyrosine and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and lipid peroxidation were markedly reduced in pancreatic tissue sections obtained from cerulein-treated mice administered with M40401. These results confirm our hypothesis that superoxide anions play an important role in cerulein-mediated acute pancreatitis and support the possible clinical use of low-molecular-weight synthetic superoxide dismutase mimetics in those conditions that are associated with overproduction of superoxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|