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Babiarczyk B, Tobiczyk J. Patient Perceptions and Experiences With Maggot Debridement Therapy for Managing Chronic Wounds. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2024; 51:180-184. [PMID: 38595216 DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe patient experiences and satisfaction with use of maggot debridement therapy (MDT) for hard-to-heal wounds. DESIGN Descriptive, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING The sample comprised 60 participants, 60% were male (n = 36). Their mean age was 62.9 (SD = 20) years. Almost half of participants had lower extremity wounds (n = 26; 43.3%), diabetic foot ulcers (n = 18; 30%), and pressure injuries (n = 9; 15%). Most received maggot therapy via biobags (n = 36; 60%). METHODS Participants completed a questionnaire designed for purposes of the study that queried demographic and pertinent clinical characteristics, current health status including current topical therapies, and duration of their chronic wound. Nine items queried emotional responses prior to MDT, the amount and method of the maggot therapy, discomfort experienced during therapy, and sources of information regarding this treatment. RESULTS Emotional responses before starting MDT included disgust (n = 30, 50%), anxiety (n = 26, 43.3%), doubts about its effectiveness (n =20, 33.3%), and disbelief (n = 11, 18.3%). Approximately one-third of participants reported feelings of biting, itching, and fear of the maggots. Despite these feelings, a majority (n = 38, 63.3%) indicated that they were pleased with treatment outcome and willing to undergo additional MDT if needed. CONCLUSIONS While a majority of participants with nonhealing chronic wounds reported negative emotions association with MDT, more than half indicated that they were pleased with the outcome of treatment and willing to undergo repeat treatment if indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Babiarczyk
- Beata Babiarczyk, MN, HSD, RN, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Bielsko-Biala, Poland
- Joanna Tobiczyk, MN, RN, Department of General Surgery, Silesian Hospital in Cieszyn, Cieszyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Tobiczyk
- Beata Babiarczyk, MN, HSD, RN, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Bielsko-Biala, Poland
- Joanna Tobiczyk, MN, RN, Department of General Surgery, Silesian Hospital in Cieszyn, Cieszyn, Poland
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Dozier L, Ceresnie M, Habashy J, Kerdel F. Improvement of refractory pyoderma gangrenosum with adjunctive maggot debridement therapy. Int J Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Dozier
- Department of Dermatology Larkin Community Hospital/Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Graduate Medical Education South Miami FL USA
| | | | - Jacquiline Habashy
- Department of Dermatology Larkin Community Hospital/Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Graduate Medical Education South Miami FL USA
| | - Francisco Kerdel
- Department of Dermatology Larkin Community Hospital/Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine Graduate Medical Education South Miami FL USA
- Department of Dermatology Florida International University Miami FL USA
- Florida Academic Dermatology Center Coral Gables FL USA
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Yusuf MA, Ibrahim BM, Oyebanji AA, Abubakar F, Ibrahim M, Ibrahim Jalo R, Aminu A, Akbarzadeh K, Azam M, Sheshe AA, Ganiyu OO, Abubakar MK, Salisu WJ, Kordshouli RS, Adamu AY, Takalmawa H, Daneji I, Aliyu M, Ibrahim MG, Kabuga AI, Abdullahi AS, Abbas MA. Maggot debridement therapy and complementary wound care: a case series from Nigeria. J Wound Care 2022; 31:996-1005. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.11.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is an emerging procedure involving the application of sterile maggots of the Dipteran species (commonly Lucilia sericata) to effect debridement, disinfection and promote healing in wounds not responding to antimicrobial therapy. Data on MDT in sub-Saharan Africa (including Nigeria) are scarce. This study aimed to use medicinal grade maggots as a complementary method to debride hard-to-heal necrotic ulcers and thereby promote wound healing. Method: In this descriptive study, we reported on the first group of patients who had MDT at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), a tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria. The first instar larvae of Lucilia sericata were applied using the confinement (free-range) maggot therapy dressing method under aseptic conditions. Results: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) grade III–IV constituted more than half of the wounds (53.3%), followed by necrotising fasciitis (30%), and post-traumatic wound infection (10%). Others (6.7%, included pyomyositis, surgical site infection and post traumatic wound infection). The median surface area of the wounds was 56cm 2 . Of the 30 patients, half (50%) had two MDT cycles with a median time of four days. Of the wounds, 22 (73%) were completely debrided using maggots alone while eight (27%) achieved complete debridement together with surgical debridement. Wound culture pre-MDT yielded bacterial growth for all the patients and Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant isolate in 17 wounds (56.7%) while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes were predominant in five wounds (16.7%) each. Only four (13.3%) wound cultures yielded bacterial growth after MDT, all Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: A good prognosis was achieved post-MDT for various wounds. MDT effectively debrides and significantly disinfects wounds involving different anatomical sites, thus enhancing wound healing and recovery. MDT is recommended in such wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Ahmed Yusuf
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
- Microbiology Department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azeez-Akande Oyebanji
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Firdausi Abubakar
- Family Medicine Department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Ibrahim
- Department of Surgery, Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Rabiu Ibrahim Jalo
- Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Aminu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
- Microbiology Department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Kamran Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malekian Azam
- Parasitology Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Oseni Oyediran Ganiyu
- Department of Surgery, Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Razieh Shabani Kordshouli
- Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health and Health Science Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Hamisu Takalmawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Isa Daneji
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mansur Aliyu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Auwal Idris Kabuga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammad Adamu Abbas
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
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Nair HK, Ahmad NW, Ismail AA, Alabed AAA, Zheming BO, Kaur G, Hassan H, Supaat NI. Maggot debridement therapy to treat hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers: a single-centre study. J Wound Care 2021; 30:S30-S36. [PMID: 34882006 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.sup12.s30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) has seen a resurgence in recent years in the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds, as a result of rising antibiotic resistance. The sterilised larvae of Lucilia cuprina have been used in MDT in Malaysia since 2003, with encouraging results for the treatment of hard-to-heal diabetic wounds. We report a case series of 30 patients selected from our clinic by convenient sampling with diabetic lower limb ulcers treated with MDT. The average age of patients receiving MDT was >50 years. Of the 30 patients in the study, nine were female and 21 were male. All patients had underlying diabetes, two patients had leg ulcers and 28 patients had diabetic foot ulcers. Sterilised Lucilia cuprina larvae were applied via a standard method of 10 maggots per square centimetre and dressed with sterile gauze. The study endpoint was defined as ≤5% coverage with slough or necrotic tissue following three successive applications of MDT. In this study, maximum debridement of wounds was achieved in 96.6% (29 patients) of our patients, with ≤5% coverage with slough or necrotic tissue, in addition to a reduction in wound-related pain, as assessed by a visual analogue scale. No adverse events were reported. The findings of this study support the use of MDT as a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective method of managing diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Kr Nair
- Faculty of Medicine, Lincoln University College, Malaysia.,Wound Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazni Wasi Ahmad
- Entomology Unit, Institute of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - A A Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
| | | | - Benjamin Oh Zheming
- Wound Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Wound Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Hassan
- Wound Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Lysaght TB, Wooster ME, Jenkins PC, Koniaris LG. Myiasis-induced sepsis: a rare case report of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in the continental United States. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13627. [PMID: 30593131 PMCID: PMC6314694 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The presentation of sepsis and bacteremia in cutaneous and cavitary myiasis is uncommon. We present a patient, residing in a temperate region of the United States, with myiasis and sepsis from the emerging human pathogens Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica. PATIENT CONCERNS A 37-year-old male patient with an 8-month history of chronic lymphedema and ulcers of the lower left extremity presented with myiasis of the left foot and leg. The patient was initially seen by his family practitioner many times and was prescribed antibiotics which he could not afford. Debridement of the myiasis was not conducted by the family practitioner due to the belief that the patient's current state of myiasis would effectively debride and eventually heal the chronic ulcers along with multiple antibiotic regimens. Over the 8-month period, the patient developed a progressive, painful, necrotizing infection of his lower left extremity. DIAGNOSES Physical examination clearly showed myiasis of the patient's lower left extremity, believed to be caused by Lucilia sericata (green bottle fly). Blood cultures revealed the presence of Providencia stuartii, W chitiniclastica, and I indica to be the underlying cause of sepsis and bacteremia. INTERVENTIONS All visible maggots were extracted, debridement of devitalized tissue was performed, and the leg ulcers were wrapped in pH neutral bleach. The patient was initially treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen of vancomycin, clindamycin, piperacillin, and tazobactam which, following clinical improvement, was de-escalated to cefepime. OUTCOMES The fly larvae and maggots were removed from the extremity by scrubbing, pulse lavage, and filing away the callused tissue. Additionally, the patient's sepsis and bacteremia, caused by W chitiniclastica and I indica, were successfully treated through antibiotic intervention. Amputation was avoided. LESSONS The use of pulse lavage and chlorhexidine-soaked brushes for the removal of cavitary myiasis is an effective and minimally invasive procedure which does not cause additional damage to surrounding tissue. W chitiniclastica and I indica are emerging bacteria that have known association to parasitic fly myiasis in humans and are capable of causing sepsis and/or bacteremia if not accurately identified and treated promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis B. Lysaght
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, OhioHealth Grant Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Meghan E. Wooster
- General Surgery, OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Lincoln Village, Columbus
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Peter C. Jenkins
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Leonidas G. Koniaris
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Effects of external application of Chinese medicine on diabetic ulcers and the expressions of β-catenin, c-myc and K6. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 17:261-6. [PMID: 21509668 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) treatment of Hongyou Ointment and Shengji Powder on diabetic ulcers, and to observe the influence of CM treatment on the expressions of proteins associated with the Wnt signaling pathway, such as β-catenin, c-myc and K6. METHODS sixty-two patients fitting the registration standards were randomly divided into the CM group (31 patients) and the Western medicine (WM) group (31 patients) by a random number table. The patients in the CM group were treated with Hongyou Ointment and Shengji Powder externally. The patients in the WM group were treated with mupirocin ointment, growth factor (bFGF), and Vaseline gauze for external use and with basic therapies. Wound-healing time and four-week healing rate were recorded. The wounds were measured by digital photography and ImageJ software. Skin biopsies were obtained from 24 patients before CM treatment and 20 patients after CM treatment. Immunohistochemical tests and semi-quantitative imaging with NIH ImageJ 1.42 software were used to analyze the changes in protein expression of β-catenin, c-myc, and K6. RESULTS Fifty-three patients completed the trial; four patients in the CM treatment group and five patients in the WM group dropped out. Among them, four were dissatisfied with the treatment process, two could not continue because of their jobs, two failed to complete the course of follow-up appointments, and one was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma during treatment. The comparison of ulcer healing rates between the two groups showed insignificant differences (P=0.77). The ulcer healing rates were 33.33% (9/27) in the CM group and 26.92% (7/26) in the WM group. However, the effective rate was significantly higher in the CM group (81.48%, 22/27) than in the WM group (57.69%, 15/26, P=0.04). The mean wound healing time was shorter in the CM group (22.71 ±5.46 days) than in the WM group (26.56 ±7.56 days, P=0.04). CM treatment was well tolerated, and there was no withdrawal due to adverse reactions. Immunohistochemical analysis in the refractory wound indicated higher expressions of β-catenin, c-myc and K6 compared with the normal skin. β-catenin was abnormally expressed in the nuclei of the keratinocytes and fibroblasts at the wound margins, and the expressions of c-myc and K6 were highly expressed in the full hyperplastic epidermis, especially in the granular layer (P<0.05). The expressions of these proteins decreased after CM treatment. The expression levels of β-catenin, c-myc, and K6 proteins before and after the treatment were 101.88 ± 10.76 vs. 140.42 ±8.45; 113.27 ± 16.75 vs. 153.79 ±8.32; 90.39 ±11.07 vs. 151.29 ±7.39, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CM treatment using Hongyou Ointment and Shengji Powder was efficient in the management of diabetic skin ulcers. The mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Kang D, Ellis E. Applications of Vacuum-Assisted Closure Device in Maxillofacial Reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 68:3037-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ozone and ozonated oils in skin diseases: a review. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010:610418. [PMID: 20671923 PMCID: PMC2910505 DOI: 10.1155/2010/610418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although orthodox medicine has provided a variety of topical anti-infective agents, some of them have become scarcely effective owing to antibiotic- and chemotherapeutic-resistant pathogens. For more than a century, ozone has been known to be an excellent disinfectant that nevertheless had to be used with caution for its oxidizing properties. Only during the last decade it has been learned how to tame its great reactivity by precisely dosing its concentration and permanently incorporating the gas into triglycerides where gaseous ozone chemically reacts with unsaturated substrates leading to therapeutically active ozonated derivatives. Today the stability and efficacy of the ozonated oils have been already demonstrated, but owing to a plethora of commercial products, the present paper aims to analyze these derivatives suggesting the strategy to obtain products with the best characteristics.
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Abstract
Chronic wounds affect a substantial number of individuals throughout the world, and impose a significant psychological, physical and economic burden. As the population ages, the incidence of chronic wounds is also expected to rise. Clinicians struggle to find the optimal approaches to prevention and treatment of these nonhealing or slow-healing wounds. This review discusses current best practices and evidence-based recommendations for preventing and managing chronic wounds in general, as well as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers and venous leg ulcers specifically. This review highlights the significant gaps and inconsistencies in the current evidence base for chronic wound care, which have hindered making substantial progress in improving wound healing rates. It concludes with recommendations for improving the research and clinical knowledge base related to optimal wound-care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Jones
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 48106-4904, USA
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