1
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Gilda JE, Nahar A, Kasiviswanathan D, Tropp N, Gilinski T, Lahav T, Alexandrovich D, Mandel-Gutfreund Y, Park S, Shemer S. Proteasome gene expression is controlled by coordinated functions of multiple transcription factors. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202402046. [PMID: 38767572 PMCID: PMC11104393 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202402046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteasome activity is crucial for cellular integrity, but how tissues adjust proteasome content in response to catabolic stimuli is uncertain. Here, we demonstrate that transcriptional coordination by multiple transcription factors is required to increase proteasome content and activate proteolysis in catabolic states. Using denervated mouse muscle as a model system for accelerated proteolysis in vivo, we reveal that a two-phase transcriptional program activates genes encoding proteasome subunits and assembly chaperones to boost an increase in proteasome content. Initially, gene induction is necessary to maintain basal proteasome levels, and in a more delayed phase (7-10 days after denervation), it stimulates proteasome assembly to meet cellular demand for excessive proteolysis. Intriguingly, the transcription factors PAX4 and α-PALNRF-1 control the expression of proteasome among other genes in a combinatorial manner, driving cellular adaptation to muscle denervation. Consequently, PAX4 and α-PALNRF-1 represent new therapeutic targets to inhibit proteolysis in catabolic diseases (e.g., type-2 diabetes, cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadav Tropp
- Faculty of Biology, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Gilinski
- Faculty of Biology, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Lahav
- Faculty of Biology, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Shenhav Shemer
- Faculty of Biology, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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2
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Sieczkowska SM, Mazzolani BC, Smaira FI, Romero M, Pasoto SG, de Sá Pinto AL, Lima FR, De Oliveira VR, Ueda S, Benatti FB, Roschel H, Gualano B. Effects of a lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: The study "Living well with lupus". Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1003-1013. [PMID: 38280124 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a lifestyle intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with a high cardiovascular risk profile. METHODS This trial was conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil between August 2020 and March 2023. The patients were randomly assigned to lifestyle intervention or control. The intervention was a 6-month multifaced program focused on behavioral changes through personalized recommendations for increasing physical activity (structured and non-structured) and improving eating aspects. Cardiometabolic risk score (primary outcome), anthropometry and visceral fat, aerobic capacity, blood pressure, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and blood flow and endothelial function were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS A total of 80 patients were randomized. Twelve and 6 patients dropped out due to personal reasons in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Average adherence rate for the intervention was 56.9%. Intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant difference between groups in the cardiometabolic risk score (intervention group - Pre: 1.7 ± 3.6; Post: -1.6 ± 4.0; control group - Pre: -1.9 ± 3.6; Post: -2.0 ± 3.8; estimated mean difference between groups at post: -0.4; 95% confidence intervals: -2.7; 1.9; p = 0.96). This finding was confirmed by exploratory, per-protocol analysis. No significant differences were observed between adherents vs. non-adherent participants. Secondary outcomes did not change between groups. CONCLUSION This 6-month, individualized, lifestyle intervention did not improve cardiovascular risk factors in SLE patients with a high cardiovascular risk profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04431167).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Mendes Sieczkowska
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Lifestyle Medicine; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3° Andar, São Paulo, SP, 01246- 903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Caruso Mazzolani
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Lifestyle Medicine; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3° Andar, São Paulo, SP, 01246- 903, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Infante Smaira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Lifestyle Medicine; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3° Andar, São Paulo, SP, 01246- 903, Brazil
| | - Marina Romero
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Sandra Gofinet Pasoto
- Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia de Sá Pinto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Lima
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Victor Rodrigues De Oliveira
- Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Serli Ueda
- Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Braga Benatti
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center of Lifestyle Medicine; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3° Andar, São Paulo, SP, 01246- 903, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group -School of Physical Education and Sport and Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Center of Lifestyle Medicine; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3° Andar, São Paulo, SP, 01246- 903, Brazil.
- Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
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Choi PG, Park SH, Jeong HY, Kim HS, Hahm JH, Seo HD, Ahn J, Jung CH. Geniposide attenuates muscle atrophy via the inhibition of FoxO1 in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155281. [PMID: 38103316 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geniposide (GP) is an iridoid glycoside that is present in nearly 40 species, including Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. GP has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects in various Alzheimer's disease (AD) models; however, the effects of GP on AD models of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and aging-accelerated mouse predisposition-8 (SAMP8) mice have not yet been evaluated. PURPOSE To determine whether GP improves the pathology of AD and sarcopenia. METHODS AD models of C. elegans and SAMP8 mice were employed and subjected to behavioral analyses. Further, RT-PCR, histological analysis, and western blot analyses were performed to assess the expression of genes and proteins related to AD and muscle atrophy. RESULTS GP treatment in the AD model of C. elegans significantly restored the observed deterioration in lifespan and motility. In SAMP8 mice, GP did not improve cognitive function deterioration by accelerated aging but ameliorated physical function deterioration. Furthermore, in differentiated C2C12 cells, GP ameliorated muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone treatment and inhibited FoxO1 activity by activating AKT. CONCLUSION Although GP did not improve the AD pathology in SAMP8 mice, we suggest that GP has the potential to improve muscle deterioration caused by aging. This effect of GP may be attributed to the suppression of FoxO1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyeong Geun Choi
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyun Park
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang Yeon Jeong
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soo Kim
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Deok Seo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Matei B, Winters-Stone KM, Raber J. Examining the Mechanisms behind Exercise's Multifaceted Impacts on Body Composition, Cognition, and the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Survivors: Exploring the Links to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1423. [PMID: 37507961 PMCID: PMC10376047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the effects of exercise on various health-related outcomes in cancer survivors, encompassing body composition, cognitive function (including sleep), and gut microbiome health. By analyzing multiple studies, we aimed to summarize the existing evidence and shed light on underlying mechanisms. The findings strongly suggest that exercise serves as a multifaceted non-pharmacological strategy, playing a significant role in improving the overall health of cancer survivors by effectively reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Exercise plays a crucial role in preventing muscle wasting, diminishing the presence of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and enhancing antioxidant systems. Furthermore, exercise displays notable benefits in terms of executive cognitive functioning and fatigue alleviation, largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory impact on the central nervous system and its ability to induce neurogenesis via growth factors. Additionally, exercise positively influences microbial diversity, reduces gut inflammation, and enhances neurogenesis through the gut-brain axis. Our key findings underscore the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation as primary mechanisms by which exercise effectively enhances health outcomes in cancer survivors. By delving deeper into these candidate mechanisms, we aim to provide valuable guidance for future research and interventions targeting the symptoms experienced by cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Matei
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, L470, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kerri M Winters-Stone
- Division of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, L470, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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5
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Purdy GM, Venner CP, Tandon P, McNeely ML. Feasibility of a tailored and virtually supported home exercise program for people with multiple myeloma using a novel eHealth application. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221129066. [PMID: 36249481 PMCID: PMC9554139 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221129066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction eHealth exercise interventions have the unique ability to leverage the benefits of in-person programming (tailoring and supervision) with the benefits of home programming (flexibility). There may be a role for eHealth-delivered exercise for people with multiple myeloma (MM), as exercise tailoring and supervision are critical for successful outcomes due to the significant impacts/risks of myeloma-related side effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week virtually supported eHealth exercise program. Methods Participants with MM completed a 12-week virtually supported home exercise program involving virtually supervised group workouts, independent workouts, and aerobic exercise. Tailoring was facilitated by the functionality of HEAL-Me, a novel eHealth app. Participants completed virtual fitness assessments and questionnaires at baseline and week 12. Results Twenty-nine participants consented, 26 completed all follow-up testing (90%). Exercise adherence was 90% (group), 83% (independent), and 90% (aerobic). No serious adverse events (grade ≥3) occurred. Significant improvements were found for quality of life and physical fitness. There was a high level of program/app satisfaction: 96% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the exercise program was beneficial, 93% found it enjoyable, 89% were satisfied or very satisfied with delivery through the HEAL-Me app, and 48% felt that the eHealth program helped them manage cancer-related symptoms and side-effects. Conclusion An eHealth intervention that is individually tailored and includes virtual supervision and active support from the healthcare team is feasible and acceptable to people with MM. The findings from this study warrant investigation using a large-scale randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme M. Purdy
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,Margaret L. McNeely, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 3-44L Corbett Hall, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Puneeta Tandon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Margaret L. McNeely
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada
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6
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Sirtuin 6 inhibition protects against glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5415. [PMID: 36109503 PMCID: PMC9478160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32905-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic activation of stress hormones such as glucocorticoids leads to skeletal muscle wasting in mammals. However, the molecular events that mediate glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting are not well understood. Here, we show that SIRT6, a chromatin-associated deacetylase indirectly regulates glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting by modulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling. Our results show that SIRT6 levels are increased during glucocorticoid-induced reduction of myotube size and during skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. Notably, overexpression of SIRT6 spontaneously decreases the size of primary myotubes in a cell-autonomous manner. On the other hand, SIRT6 depletion increases the diameter of myotubes and protects them against glucocorticoid-induced reduction in myotube size, which is associated with enhanced protein synthesis and repression of atrogenes. In line with this, we find that muscle-specific SIRT6 deficient mice are resistant to glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting. Mechanistically, we find that SIRT6 deficiency hyperactivates IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling through c-Jun transcription factor-mediated increase in IGF2 expression. The increased activation, in turn, leads to nuclear exclusion and transcriptional repression of the FoxO transcription factor, a key activator of muscle atrophy. Further, we find that pharmacological inhibition of SIRT6 protects against glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting in mice by regulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling implicating the role of SIRT6 in glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy.
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7
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Inflammation: Roles in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091686. [PMID: 36139760 PMCID: PMC9495679 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Various diseases can cause skeletal muscle atrophy, usually accompanied by inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, decreased protein synthesis, and enhanced proteolysis. The underlying mechanism of inflammation in skeletal muscle atrophy is extremely complex and has not been fully elucidated, thus hindering the development of effective therapeutic drugs and preventive measures for skeletal muscle atrophy. In this review, we elaborate on protein degradation pathways, including the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP), the calpain and caspase pathways, the insulin growth factor 1/Akt protein synthesis pathway, myostatin, and muscle satellite cells, in the process of muscle atrophy. Under an inflammatory environment, various pro-inflammatory cytokines directly act on nuclear factor-κB, p38MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways through the corresponding receptors, and then are involved in muscle atrophy. Inflammation can also indirectly trigger skeletal muscle atrophy by changing the metabolic state of other tissues or cells. This paper explores the changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and fat metabolism under inflammatory conditions as well as their effects on skeletal muscle. Moreover, this paper also reviews various signaling pathways related to muscle atrophy under inflammatory conditions, such as cachexia, sepsis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and nerve injury. Finally, this paper summarizes anti-amyotrophic drugs and their therapeutic targets for inflammation in recent years. Overall, inflammation is a key factor causing skeletal muscle atrophy, and anti-inflammation might be an effective strategy for the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy. Various inflammatory factors and their downstream pathways are considered promising targets for the treatment and prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy.
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8
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Katsuki R, Shiraishi T, Sakata S, Hirota T, Nakamura Y, Yokota SI. Inhibitory Effect of the Glycerophosphate Moiety of Lipoteichoic Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria on Dexamethasone-Induced Atrogin-1 Expression in C2C12 Myotubes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:351-357. [PMID: 34719621 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Atrogin-1, which is an important regulator of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation in skeletal muscle, is a major marker of muscle loss and disuse muscle atrophy. To investigate which components of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) suppress dexamethasone (DEX)-induced atrogin-1 expression, mouse skeletal muscle C2C12 myotubes were treated with DEX in the presence or absence of components of LAB. Heat-killed cells and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) derived from five LAB strains significantly suppressed DEX-induced atrogin-1 expression. The glycerophosphate (GroP) fraction prepared from chemically-degraded LTA and sn-glycerol-1-phosphate suppressed DEX-induced atrogin-1 expression, whereas the glycolipid anchor fraction of LTA did not. Heat-killed cells obtained by culturing under low-Mn2+ conditions, which generated fewer poly-GroP polymers in LTA, displayed significantly lower inhibitory activity compared to heat-killed cells grown under normal conditions. These results suggested that LTA of LAB contributed to suppressing atrogin-1 expression and that the GroP moiety of LTA was responsible for its inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katsuki
- Core Technology Laboratories, Asahi Quality and Innovations, Ltd
| | - Tsukasa Shiraishi
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shinji Sakata
- Core Technology Laboratories, Asahi Quality and Innovations, Ltd
| | - Tatsuhiko Hirota
- Core Technology Laboratories, Asahi Quality and Innovations, Ltd
| | | | - Shin-Ichi Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
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9
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Brooks DS, Vishal K, Bawa S, Alder A, Geisbrecht ER. Integration of proteomic and genetic approaches to assess developmental muscle atrophy. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272703. [PMID: 34647571 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy, or a decline in muscle protein mass, is a significant problem in the aging population and in numerous disease states. Unraveling molecular signals that trigger and promote atrophy may lead to a better understanding of treatment options; however, there is no single cause of atrophy identified to date. To gain insight into this problem, we chose to investigate changes in protein profiles during muscle atrophy in Manduca sexta and Drosophila melanogaster. The use of insect models provides an interesting parallel to probe atrophic mechanisms as these organisms undergo a normal developmental atrophy process during the pupal transition stage. Leveraging the inherent advantages of each model organism, we first defined protein signature changes during M. sexta intersegmental muscle (ISM) atrophy and then used genetic approaches to confirm their functional importance in the D. melanogaster dorsal internal oblique muscles (DIOMs). Our data reveal an upregulation of proteasome and peptidase components and a general downregulation of proteins that regulate actin filament formation. Surprisingly, thick filament proteins that comprise the A-band are increased in abundance, providing support for the ordered destruction of myofibrillar components during developmental atrophy. We also uncovered the actin filament regulator ciboulot (Cib) as a novel regulator of muscle atrophy. These insights provide a framework towards a better understanding of global changes that occur during atrophy and may eventually lead to therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Brooks
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Kumar Vishal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Simranjot Bawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Adrienne Alder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Erika R Geisbrecht
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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10
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Ong C, Lee JH, Leow MKS, Puthucheary ZA. A narrative review of skeletal muscle atrophy in critically ill children: pathogenesis and chronic sequelae. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2763-2777. [PMID: 34765499 PMCID: PMC8578782 DOI: 10.21037/tp-20-298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is now recognized as a growing, debilitating problem in critically ill adults, resulting in long-term deficits in function and an impaired quality of life. Ultrasonography has demonstrated decreases in skeletal muscle size during pediatric critical illness, although variations exist. However, muscle protein turnover patterns during pediatric critical illness are unclear. Understanding muscle protein turnover during critical illness is important in guiding interventions to reduce muscle wasting. The aim of this review was to explore the possible protein synthesis and breakdown patterns in pediatric critical illness. Muscle protein turnover studies in critically ill children are lacking, with the exception of those with burn injuries. Children with burn injuries demonstrate an elevation in both muscle protein breakdown (MPB) and synthesis during critical illness. Extrapolations from animal models and whole-body protein turnover studies in children suggest that children may be more dependent on anabolic factors (e.g., nutrition and growth factors), and may experience greater muscle degradation in response to insults than adults. Yet, children, particularly the younger ones, are more responsive to anabolic agents, suggesting modifiable muscle wasting during critical illness. There is a lack of evidence for muscle wasting in critically ill children and its correlation with outcomes, possibly due to current available methods to study muscle protein turnover in children-most of which are invasive or tedious. In summary, children may experience muscle wasting during critical illness, which may be more reversible by the appropriate anabolic agents than adults. Age appears an important determinant of skeletal muscle turnover. Less invasive methods to study muscle protein turnover and associations with long-term outcome would strengthen the evidence for muscle wasting in critically ill children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengsi Ong
- Nutrition and Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan Hau Lee
- Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin K S Leow
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zudin A Puthucheary
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Adult Critical Care Unit, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
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11
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Identification of a KLF5-dependent program and drug development for skeletal muscle atrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102895118. [PMID: 34426497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102895118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is caused by various conditions, including aging, disuse related to a sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical activity, and cachexia. Our insufficient understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying muscle atrophy limits the targets for the development of effective pharmacologic treatments and preventions. Here, we identified Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), a zinc-finger transcription factor, as a key mediator of the early muscle atrophy program. KLF5 was up-regulated in atrophying myotubes as an early response to dexamethasone or simulated microgravity in vitro. Skeletal muscle-selective deletion of Klf5 significantly attenuated muscle atrophy induced by mechanical unloading in mice. Transcriptome- and genome-wide chromatin accessibility analyses revealed that KLF5 regulates atrophy-related programs, including metabolic changes and E3-ubiquitin ligase-mediated proteolysis, in coordination with Foxo1. The synthetic retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80, a KLF5 inhibitor, suppressed both dexamethasone- and microgravity-induced muscle atrophy in vitro and oral Am80 ameliorated disuse- and dexamethasone-induced atrophy in mice. Moreover, in three independent sets of transcriptomic data from human skeletal muscle, KLF5 expression significantly increased with age and the presence of sarcopenia and correlated positively with the expression of the atrophy-related ubiquitin ligase genes FBXO32 and TRIM63 These findings demonstrate that KLF5 is a key transcriptional regulator mediating muscle atrophy and that pharmacological intervention with Am80 is a potentially preventive treatment.
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12
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Zhiyin L, Jinliang C, Qiunan C, Yunfei Y, Qian X. Fucoxanthin rescues dexamethasone induced C2C12 myotubes atrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111590. [PMID: 33865017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and weakness are the adverse effects of long-term or high dose usage of glucocorticoids. In the present study, we explored the effects of fucoxanthin (10 μM) on dexamethasone (10 μM)-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes and investigated its underlying mechanisms. The diameter of myotubes was observed under a light microscope, and the expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), proteolysis-related, autophagy-related, apoptosis-related, and mitochondria-related proteins was analyzed by western blots or immunoprecipitation. Fucoxanthin alleviates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes, indicated by increased myotubes diameter and expression of MyHC, decreased expression of muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin-1) and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1). Through activating SIRT1, fucoxanthin inhibits forkhead box O (FoxO) transcriptional activity to reduce protein degradation, induces autophagy to enhance degraded protein clearance, promotes mitochondrial function and diminishes apoptosis. In conclusion, we identified fucoxanthin ameliorates dexamethasone induced C2C12 myotubes atrophy through SIRT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao Zhiyin
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Chen Jinliang
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Chen Qiunan
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Yang Yunfei
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Xiao Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
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13
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Cid-Díaz T, Leal-López S, Fernández-Barreiro F, González-Sánchez J, Santos-Zas I, Andrade-Bulos LJ, Rodríguez-Fuentes ME, Mosteiro CS, Mouly V, Casabiell X, Relova JL, Pazos Y, Camiña JP. Obestatin signalling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via NEDD4/KLF15 axis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:493-505. [PMID: 33687156 PMCID: PMC8061369 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A therapeutic approach for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy should be based on the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms determining the unbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes and how to re-establish this balance. Here, we investigated whether the obestatin/GPR39 system, an autocrine signalling system acting on myogenesis and with anabolic effects on the skeletal muscle, could protect against chronic glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy. METHODS In this study, we used an in vivo model of muscle atrophy induced by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone to examine the liaison molecules that define the interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and the obestatin/GPR39 systems. The findings were extended to in vitro effects on human atrophy using human KM155C25 myotubes. RESULTS KLF15 and FoxO transcription factors were identified as direct targets of obestatin signalling in the control of proteostasis in skeletal muscle. The KLF15-triggered gene expression program, including atrogenes and FoxOs, was regulated via KLF15 ubiquitination by the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4. Additionally, a specific pattern of FoxO post-translational modification, including FoxO4 phosphorylation by Akt pathway, was critical in the regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The functional cooperativity between Akt and NEDD4 in the regulation of FoxO and KLF15 provides integrated cues to counteract muscle proteostasis and re-establish protein synthesis. CONCLUSIONS The effective control of FoxO activity in response to glucocorticoid is critical to counteract muscle-related pathologies. These results highlight the potential of the obestatin/GPR39 system to fine-tune the effects of glucocorticoids on skeletal muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Cid-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Saúl Leal-López
- Laboratorio de Patología Digestiva, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fátima Fernández-Barreiro
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jessica González-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Icía Santos-Zas
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS 970, Paris, France
| | - Luis J Andrade-Bulos
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel E Rodríguez-Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos S Mosteiro
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS 974, Paris, France
| | - Xesús Casabiell
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Relova
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yolanda Pazos
- Laboratorio de Patología Digestiva, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesus P Camiña
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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14
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Ausoni S, Calamelli S, Saccà S, Azzarello G. How progressive cancer endangers the heart: an intriguing and underestimated problem. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 39:535-552. [PMID: 32152913 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since it came into being as a discipline, cardio-oncology has focused on the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity induced by antitumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Over time, it has been proved that even more detrimental is the direct effect generated by cancer cells that release pro-cachectic factors in the bloodstream. Secreted molecules target different organs at a distance, including the heart. Inflammatory and neuronal modulators released by the tumor bulk, either as free molecules or through exosomes, contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac disease. Progressive cancer causes cachexia and severe cardiac muscle wasting accompanied by cardiomyocyte atrophy, tissue fibrosis, and several functional impairments up to heart failure. The molecular mechanisms responsible for such a cardiac muscle wasting have been partially elucidated in animal models, but minimally investigated in humans, although severe cardiac dysfunction exacerbates global cachexia and hampers efficient anti-cancer treatments. This review provides an overview of cancer-induced structural cardiac and functional damage, drawing on both clinical and scientific research. We start by looking at the pathophysiological mechanisms and evolving epidemiology and go on to discuss prevention, diagnosis, and a multimodal policy of intervention aimed at providing overall prognosis and global care for patients. Despite much interest in the cardiotoxicity of cancer therapies, the direct tumor effect on the heart remains poorly explored. There is still a lack of diagnostic criteria for the identification of the early stages of cardiac disease in cancer patients, while the possibilities that there are for effective prevention are largely underestimated. Research on innovative therapies has claimed considerable advances in preclinical studies, but none of the molecular targets suitable for clinical application has been approved for therapy. These issues are critically discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Ausoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Sara Calamelli
- Department of Cardiology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Mirano Hospital, Mirano, Venice, Italy
| | - Salvatore Saccà
- Department of Cardiology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Mirano Hospital, Mirano, Venice, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Azzarello
- Department of Medical Oncology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Mirano Hospital, Mirano, Venice, Italy.
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15
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Reinoso-Sánchez JF, Baroli G, Duranti G, Scaricamazza S, Sabatini S, Valle C, Morlando M, Casero RA, Bozzoni I, Mariottini P, Ceci R, Cervelli M. Emerging Role for Linear and Circular Spermine Oxidase RNAs in Skeletal Muscle Physiopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8227. [PMID: 33153123 PMCID: PMC7663755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a pathological condition so far without effective treatment and poorly understood at a molecular level. Emerging evidence suggest a key role for circular RNAs (circRNA) during myogenesis and their deregulation has been reported to be associated with muscle diseases. Spermine oxidase (SMOX), a polyamine catabolic enzyme plays a critical role in muscle differentiation and the existence of a circRNA arising from SMOX gene has been recently identified. In this study, we evaluated the expression profile of circular and linear SMOX in both C2C12 differentiation and dexamethasone-induced myotubes atrophy. To validate our findings in vivo their expression levels were also tested in two murine models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: SOD1G93A and hFUS+/+, characterized by progressive muscle atrophy. During C2C12 differentiation, linear and circular SMOX show the same trend of expression. Interestingly, in atrophy circSMOX levels significantly increased compared to the physiological state, in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our study demonstrates that SMOX represents a new player in muscle physiopathology and provides a scientific basis for further investigation on circSMOX RNA as a possible new therapeutic target for the treatment of muscle atrophy.
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MESH Headings
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/pathology
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Atrophy/genetics
- Muscular Atrophy/metabolism
- Muscular Atrophy/pathology
- Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/genetics
- Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/physiology
- RNA, Circular/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/physiology
- RNA, Untranslated/physiology
- RNA-Binding Protein FUS/genetics
- Superoxide Dismutase-1/genetics
- Polyamine Oxidase
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Fernando Reinoso-Sánchez
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018–2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (J.F.R.-S.); (G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Giulia Baroli
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018–2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (J.F.R.-S.); (G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Guglielmo Duranti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology—Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (S.S.); (R.C.)
| | | | - Stefania Sabatini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology—Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (S.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Cristiana Valle
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
- National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Morlando
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, “Department of Excellence 2018–2022”, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Robert Anthony Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018–2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (J.F.R.-S.); (G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Roberta Ceci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology—Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (S.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, “Department of Excellence 2018–2022”, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (J.F.R.-S.); (G.B.); (P.M.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
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16
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Mamoei S, Hvid LG, Boye Jensen H, Zijdewind I, Stenager E, Dalgas U. Neurophysiological impairments in multiple sclerosis-Central and peripheral motor pathways. Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 142:401-417. [PMID: 32474916 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review of the literature was conducted comparing neurophysiological outcomes in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) to healthy controls (HC), in studies of the central nervous system (CNS) function comprising motor evoked potentials (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and in studies of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) function comprising electroneuronography (ENG) outcomes elicited by peripheral nerve stimulation. Studies comparing neuromuscular function, assessed during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of muscle, were included if they reported muscle strength along with muscle activation by use of electromyography (EMG) and/or interpolated twitch technique (ITT). Studies investigating CNS function showed prolonged central motor conduction times, asymmetry of nerve conduction motor pathways, and prolonged latencies in PwMS when compared to HC. Resting motor threshold, amplitude, and cortical silent periods showed conflicting results. CNS findings generally correlated with disabilities. Studies of PNS function showed near significant prolongation in motor latency of the median nerve, reduced nerve conduction velocities in the tibial and peroneal nerves, and decreased compound muscle action potential amplitudes of the tibial nerve in PwMS. ENG findings did not correlate with clinical severity of disabilities. Studies of neuromuscular function showed lower voluntary muscle activation and increased central fatigue in PwMS, whereas EMG showed divergent muscle activation (ie, EMG amplitude) during MVC. When comparing the existing literature on neurophysiological motor examinations in PwMS and HC, consistent and substantial impairments of CNS function were seen in PwMS, whereas impairments of the PNS were less pronounced and inconsistent. In addition, impairments in muscle activation were observed in PwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Mamoei
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Denmark/MS‐Clinic of Southern Jutland (Sønderborg, Kolding, Esbjerg) Department of Neurology University Hospital of Southern Jutland Sønderborg Denmark
| | - Lars G. Hvid
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Henrik Boye Jensen
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Neurology Kolding Sygehus Kolding Denmark
| | - Inge Zijdewind
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems UMCG University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Egon Stenager
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Denmark/MS‐Clinic of Southern Jutland (Sønderborg, Kolding, Esbjerg) Department of Neurology University Hospital of Southern Jutland Sønderborg Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
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17
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Duan K, Gao X, Zhu D. The clinical relevance and mechanism of skeletal muscle wasting. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:27-37. [PMID: 32788088 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting occurs in both chronic and acute diseases. Increasing evidence has shown this debilitating process is associated with short- and long-term outcomes in critical, cancer and surgical patients. Both muscle quantity and quality, as reflected by the area and density of a given range of attenuation in CT scan, impact the patient prognosis. In addition, ultrasound and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are also widely used in the assessment of body composition due to their bedside viability and no radioactivity. Mechanism researches have revealed complicated pathways are involved in muscle wasting, which include altered IGF1-Akt-FoxO signaling, elevated levels of myostatin and activin A, activation of NF-κB pathway and glucocorticoid effects. Particularly, central nervous system (CNS) has been proven to participate in regulating muscle wasting in various conditions, such as infection and tumor. Several promising therapeutic agents have been under developing in the treatment of muscle atrophy, such as myostatin antagonist, ghrelin analog, non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). Notably, nutritional therapy is still the fundamental support in combating muscle wasting. However, the optimizing and tailored nutrition regimen relies on accurate metabolism measurement and large clinical trials in the future. Here, we will discuss the current understanding of muscle wasting and potential treatment in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Dongming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China.
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18
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Tsushita H, Tanaka R, Suzuki Y, Sato Y, Itoh H. Effects of dose and type of corticosteroids on the divergence between estimated glomerular filtration rates derived from cystatin C and creatinine. J Clin Pharm Ther 2020; 45:1390-1397. [PMID: 32705707 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Cystatin C (Cys-C) is a useful diagnostic marker for early renal dysfunction, but has the disadvantage of giving false-positive results when corticosteroids are administered. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent effect of corticosteroids on the divergence between estimated glomerular filtration rates based on Cys-C (eGFRcys) and creatinine (eGFRcreat) and calculate the cut-off value of corticosteroid dose having an impact on eGFRcys/eGFRcreat ratio. METHODS This retrospective study included 305 patients (1318 therapies) treated with oral or injectable corticosteroids between June 2014 and May 2018, who did not meet the exclusion criteria. All corticosteroid doses were converted to prednisolone equivalent. RESULTS Steroid dose correlated significantly with eGFRcys/eGFRcreat ratio for all corticosteroids and for prednisolone (rs = -.150 and -.273, respectively), whereas no correlation was observed for methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone. The cut-off value of prednisolone dose for eGFRcys/eGFRcreat ratio < 0.79 was 0.170 mg/kg/day, with 62.4% sensitivity and 84.7% specificity. The correlation coefficient (rs = -.434) between prednisolone dose and eGFRcys/eGFRcreat ratio for doses of 0.170 mg/kg/day and higher was markedly larger compared with all corticosteroids. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION These findings suggest that results should be interpreted with caution when using eGFRcys as renal function marker in patients treated with prednisolone at doses of 0.170 mg/kg/day and higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Tsushita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuhki Sato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
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19
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Mortazaei S, Sahraei H, Bahari Z, Meftahi GH, Pirzad Jahromi G, Hatef B. Ventral tegmental area inactivation alters hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to inescapable stress. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:293-301. [PMID: 29580092 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1455711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Context: The involvement of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in response to stress is not well understood. Objective: In the present study, the effect of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the VTA on hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to stress was assessed. Material and methods: Male rats seven days after cannulation into the VTA received electro foot-shock stress for seven consecutive days. Twenty minutes before induction of stress, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride or sterile saline (control) was injected either uni- or bi-laterally into the VTA. Results: Results showed that stress significantly increased serum corticosterone level, adrenal gland weight and anorexia, reduced weight gain, food-intake, and locomotor activity. However, bilateral inactivation of VTA prevented stress-induced these parameters changes. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the bilateral VTA blockade effectively relieves the symptoms of stress, while the unilateral VTA blockade does not significantly improve the changes caused by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari
- c Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gholam Hossein Meftahi
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gila Pirzad Jahromi
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Boshra Hatef
- b Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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20
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Abstract
Understanding geriatric physiology is critical for successful perioperative management of older surgical patients. The frailty syndrome is evolving as an important, potentially modifiable process capturing a patient's biologic age and is more predictive of adverse perioperative outcomes than chronologic age. Use of frailty in risk stratification and perioperative decision-making allows providers to effectively diagnose, risk stratify, and treat patients in the perioperative setting. Further study is needed to develop a universal definition of frailty, to identify comprehensive yet feasible screening tools that allow for accurate detection of frailty in the perioperative setting, and to refine treatment programs for frail surgical patients.
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21
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Bouchè M, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Proietti D, Madaro L. Do neurogenic and cancer-induced muscle atrophy follow common or divergent paths? Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7931. [PMID: 30662704 PMCID: PMC6317130 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue capable of responding to a large variety of physiological stimuli by adjusting muscle fiber size, metabolism and function. However, in pathological conditions such as cancer and neural disorders, this finely regulated homeostasis is impaired leading to severe muscle wasting, reduced muscle fiber size (atrophy), and impaired function. These disease features develop due to enhanced protein breakdown, which relies on two major degradation systems: the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome. These systems are independently regulated by different signalling pathways, which in physiological conditions, determine protein and organelle turnover. However, alterations in one or both systems, as it happens in several disorders, leads to enhanced protein breakdown and muscle atrophy. Although this is a common feature in the different types of muscle atrophy, the relative contribution of each of these systems is still under debate. Here, we will briefly describe the regulation and the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems during muscle wasting. We will then discuss what we know regarding how these pathways are involved in cancer induced and in neurogenic muscle atrophy, highlighting common and divergent paths. It is now clear that there is no one unifying common mechanism that can be applied to all models of muscle loss. Detailed understanding of the pathways and proteolysis mechanisms involved in each model will hopefully help the development of drugs to counteract muscle wasting in specific conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bouchè
- DAHFMO, Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
| | | | - Daisy Proietti
- DAHFMO, Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
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22
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Hirose Y, Onishi T, Miura S, Hatazawa Y, Kamei Y. Vitamin D Attenuates FOXO1-Target Atrophy Gene Expression in C2C12 Muscle Cells. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:229-232. [PMID: 29962435 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to be effective for the prevention of muscle atrophy, such as age-related sarcopenia. However, vitamin D action in skeletal muscle tissue and muscle cells is largely unknown. We previously found that a transcription factor, FOXO1 gene expression, was induced in various muscle atrophy conditions causing muscle atrophy by upregulating atrophy-related genes, including atrogin 1 (ubiquitin ligase) and cathepsin L (lysosomal proteinase). In this study, we found that vitamin D inhibited FOXO1-mediated transcriptional activity in a reporter gene assay. Moreover, vitamin D suppressed the glucocorticoid-induced gene expression of atrogin 1 and cathepsin L in C2C12 myoblasts. Thus, vitamin D may prevent muscle atrophy via the FOXO1-mediated pathway in muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Hirose
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Takumi Onishi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yukino Hatazawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
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23
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Cole CL, Kleckner IR, Jatoi A, Schwarz E, Dunne RF. The Role of Systemic Inflammation in Cancer-Associated Muscle Wasting and Rationale for Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention. JCSM CLINICAL REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive skeletal muscle wasting in cancer cachexia involves a process of dysregulated protein synthesis and breakdown. This catabolism may be the result of mal-nutrition, and an upregulation of both pro-inflammatory cytokines and the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP), which can subsequently increase myostatin and activin A release. The skeletal muscle wasting associated with cancer cachexia is clinically significant, it can contribute to treatment toxicity or the premature discontinuation of treatments resulting in increases in morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is a need for further investigation into the pathophysiology of muscle wasting in cancer cachexia to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Several studies have identified a central role for chronic-systemic inflammation in initiating and perpetuating muscle wasting in patients with cancer. Interestingly, while exercise has shown efficacy in improving muscle quality, only recently have investigators begun to assess the impact that exercise has on chronic-systemic inflammation. To put this new information into context with established paradigms, here we review several biological pathways (e.g. dysfunctional inflammatory response, hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis, and increased myostatin/activin A activity) that may be responsible for the muscle wasting in patients with cancer. Additionally, we discuss the potential impact that exercise has on these pathways in the treatment of cancer cachexia. Exercise is an attractive intervention for muscle wasting in this population, partially because it disrupts chronic-systemic inflammation mediated catabolism. Most importantly, exercise is a potent stimulator of muscle synthesis, and therefore this therapy may reverse muscle damage caused by cancer cachexia.
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24
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Pierucci F, Frati A, Battistini C, Matteini F, Iachini MC, Vestri A, Penna F, Costelli P, Meacci E. Involvement of released sphingosine 1-phosphate/sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor axis in skeletal muscle atrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3598-3614. [PMID: 30279138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SkM) atrophy is caused by several and heterogeneous conditions, such as cancer, neuromuscular disorders and aging. In most types of SkM atrophy overall rates of protein synthesis are suppressed, protein degradation is consistently elevated and atrogenes, such as the ubiquitin ligase Atrogin-1/MAFbx, are up-regulated. The molecular regulators of SkM waste are multiple and only in part known. Sphingolipids represent a class of bioactive molecules capable of modulating the destiny of many cell types, including SkM cells. In particular, we and others have shown that sphingosine 1phosphate (S1P), formed by sphingosine kinase (SphK), is able to act as trophic and morphogenic factor in myoblasts. Here, we report the first evidence that the atrophic phenotype observed in both muscle obtained from mice bearing the C26 adenocarcinoma and C2C12 myotubes treated with dexamethasone was characterized by reduced levels of active phospho-SphK1. The importance of SphK1 activity is also confirmed by the specific pharmacological inhibition of SphK1 able to increase Atrogin-1/MAFbx expression and reduce myotube size and myonuclei number. Furthermore, we found that SkM atrophy was accomplished by significant increase of S1P transporter Spns2 and in changes in the pattern of S1P receptor (S1PRs) subtype expression paralleled by increased Atrogin-1/MAFbx expression, suggesting a role for the released S1P and of specific S1PR-mediated signaling pathways in the control of the ubiquitin ligase. Altogether, these findings provide the first evidence that SphK1/released S1P/S1PR axis acts as a molecular regulator of SkM atrophy, thereby representing a new possible target for therapy in many patho-physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pierucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Frati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Battistini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Iachini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Ambra Vestri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" -Unit of Biochemical Sciences and Molecular Biology, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni, 50, Florence, Italy.
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25
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Kinsey E, Ajazi E, Wang X, Johnston MAM, Crawford J. Predictors of Physical and Functional Loss in Advanced-Stage Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Platinum Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:1294-1301. [PMID: 29981438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muscle wasting has detrimental effects, including increased mortality. Identifying patients at risk can guide treatment efforts. METHODS POWER 1 and 2 were randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational phase III trials that studied 600 patients with lung cancer at the start of chemotherapy; the studies' aim was to assess the efficacy of enobosarm on prevention and treatment of muscle loss. We performed a secondary analysis restricted to the control group, using a cumulative logit model for ordinal outcome to determine which baseline characteristics predicted physical and functional loss during chemotherapy. RESULTS In all, 53% of patients had loss of lean body mass and 49% had loss of stair climb power (SCP) at day 84 of treatment. Of the 322 patients who received placebo, 232 with observable outcome and baseline covariates were included for lean body mass analysis and 236 for SCP analysis. More advanced disease predicted a higher probability of greater physical loss (OR = 1.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-3.36). Three factors predicted higher probability of SCP loss: taxane chemotherapy (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.06-2.83), tobacco use before chemotherapy (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.10-4.18), and SCP at baseline (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.004-1.015). Higher body mass index was a protective factor for functional loss (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73-0.98). A higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status trended toward being predictive of greater probability of both physical loss (0.767) and functional loss (0.070), but the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 50% of patients with advanced lung cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy had ongoing loss of muscle mass and muscle function. Advanced stage predicted physical loss. Tobacco use and taxane chemotherapy predicted functional loss. Body mass index was a protective factor for functional loss. We identified predictors of physical and functional loss that could be used as therapeutic targets or to guide treatment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kinsey
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Elizabeth Ajazi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Jeffrey Crawford
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
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26
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Nawata T, Kubo M, Nomura T, Oishi K, Shiragami K, Ikegami T, Okada M, Kobayashi S, Yano M. Change in muscle volume after steroid therapy in patients with myositis assessed using cross-sectional computed tomography. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:93. [PMID: 29587702 PMCID: PMC5872524 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroid therapy, a key therapy for inflammatory, allergic, and immunological disorders, is often associated with steroid myopathy as one of the side effects. Steroid therapy is considered the first-line therapy for myositis; however, there have been no reports strictly comparing the muscle mass in patients with myositis before and after steroid therapy. Thus, it is currently unclear whether steroid therapy for such patients affects muscle volume in addition to muscle strength. We aimed to determine the change in muscle mass after steroid therapy via cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) in patients with myositis. Methods Data from seven patients with myositis and eight controls, who were all treated with high doses of steroids, were assessed before and after steroid therapy. Clinical factors in patients with myositis included serum muscle enzyme levels and muscular strength. The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle and the low muscle attenuation rate at the level of the caudal end of the third lumbar vertebra were obtained using CT and measured using an image analysis program for all patients. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using several well-established statistical tests. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparing paired data for each patient. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare sets of data sampled from two groups. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used for determining the correlations between two variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Muscular strength and serum muscle enzyme levels improved following steroid therapy in patients with myositis. In both groups, the cross-sectional areas of skeletal muscles decreased (myositis group: p = 0.0156; control group: p = 0.0391) and the low muscle attenuation rate tended to increase (myositis group: p = 0.0781; control group: p = 0.0547). In the myositis group, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed a tendency toward muscle volume loss (p = 0.0571). Conclusion In patients with myositis treated with steroid therapy, muscle mass decreased after steroid therapy suggesting that the improvement in muscle strength was due to factors other than a change in muscle volume. Our study suggests the importance of therapies that not only improve muscle mass but also improve the quality of muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nawata
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Nomura
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Oishi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kosaku Shiragami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Yamaguchi General Hospital, 2-11, Midorimachi, Yamaguchi, 753-8517, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Ikegami
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Munemasa Okada
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
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27
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Cid‐Díaz T, Santos‐Zas I, González‐Sánchez J, Gurriarán‐Rodríguez U, Mosteiro CS, Casabiell X, García‐Caballero T, Mouly V, Pazos Y, Camiña JP. Obestatin controls the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome systems in glucocorticoid-induced muscle cell atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:974-990. [PMID: 28675664 PMCID: PMC5700440 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many pathological states characterized by muscle atrophy are associated with an increase in circulating glucocorticoids and poor patient prognosis, making it an important target for treatment. The development of treatments for glucocorticoid-induced and wasting disorder-related skeletal muscle atrophy should be designed based on how the particular transcriptional program is orchestrated and how the balance of muscle protein synthesis and degradation is deregulated. Here, we investigated whether the obestatin/GPR39 system, an autocrine/paracrine signaling system acting on myogenesis and with anabolic effects on the skeletal muscle, could protect against glucocorticoid-induced muscle cell atrophy. METHODS In the present study, we have utilized mouse C2C12 myotube cultures to examine whether the obestatin/GPR39 signaling pathways can affect the atrophy induced by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. We have extended these findings to in vitro effects on human atrophy using human KM155C25 myotubes. RESULTS The activation of the obestatin/GPR39 system protects from glucocorticoid-induced atrophy by regulation of Akt, PKD/PKCμ, CAMKII and AMPK signaling and its downstream targets in the control of protein synthesis, ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosome system in mouse cells. We compared mouse and human myotube cells in their response to glucocorticoid and identified differences in both the triggering of the atrophic program and the response to obestatin stimulation. Notably, we demonstrate that specific patterns of post-translational modifications of FoxO4 and FoxO1 play a key role in directing FoxO activity in response to obestatin in human myotubes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the function of the obestatin/GPR39 system in coordinating a variety of pathways involved in the regulation of protein degradation during catabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Cid‐Díaz
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Icía Santos‐Zas
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Jessica González‐Sánchez
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Uxía Gurriarán‐Rodríguez
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell ResearchOttawa Hospital Research Institute501 Smyth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8L6Canada
| | - Carlos S. Mosteiro
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Xesús Casabiell
- Departamento de FisiologíaFacultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)Carballo Calero s/n27002LugoSpain
| | - Tomás García‐Caballero
- Departamento de Ciencias MorfológicasFacultad de Medicina, USCSan Francisco s/n15704Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology47 Boulevard de l'hôpital75013ParisFrance
| | - Yolanda Pazos
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Jesús P. Camiña
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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28
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Yoon MS. mTOR as a Key Regulator in Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Mass. Front Physiol 2017; 8:788. [PMID: 29089899 PMCID: PMC5650960 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is regulated by the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, and is known to play vital roles in protein synthesis. Recent findings have continued to refine our understanding of the function of mTOR in maintaining skeletal muscle mass. mTOR controls the anabolic and catabolic signaling of skeletal muscle mass, resulting in the modulation of muscle hypertrophy and muscle wastage. This review will highlight the fundamental role of mTOR in skeletal muscle growth by summarizing the phenotype of skeletal-specific mTOR deficiency. In addition, the evidence that mTOR is a dual regulator of anabolism and catabolism in skeletal muscle mass will be discussed. A full understanding of mTOR signaling in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass could help to develop mTOR-targeted therapeutics to prevent muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Sup Yoon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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29
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Abstract
Septic shock remains the major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although early sepsis recognition, fluid resuscitation, timely administration of antimicrobials, and vasoactive-inotropic drug infusions are all key to achieving good sepsis outcomes, therapy using various steroid drug classes remains an attractive adjunctive intervention to minimize the duration of septic shock and transition to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. All steroid drug classes possess biological plausibility to affect a beneficial clinical effect among children with septic shock, but none has undergone rigorous, prospective assessment in a large, high-quality pediatric interventional trial.
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30
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Kang SH, Lee HA, Kim M, Lee E, Sohn UD, Kim I. Forkhead box O3 plays a role in skeletal muscle atrophy through expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 in Cushing's syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E495-E507. [PMID: 28246104 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00389.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cushing's syndrome is caused by overproduction of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal grand to make cortisol. Skeletal muscle wasting occurs in pathophysiological response to Cushing's syndrome. The forkhead box (FOX) protein family has been implicated as a key regulator of muscle loss under conditions such as diabetes and sepsis. However, the mechanistic role of the FOXO family in ACTH-induced muscle atrophy is not understood. We hypothesized that FOXO3a plays a role in muscle atrophy through expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligases, muscle RING finger protein-1 (MuRF-1), and atrogin-1 in Cushing's syndrome. For establishment of a Cushing's syndrome animal model, Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with osmotic minipumps containing ACTH (40 ng·kg-1·day-1). ACTH infusion significantly reduced muscle weight. In ACTH-infused rats, MuRF-1, atrogin-1, and FOXO3a were upregulated and the FOXO3a promoter was targeted by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Transcriptional activity and expression of FOXO3a were significantly decreased by the GR antagonist RU486. Treatment with RU486 reduced MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 expression in accordance with reduced enrichment of FOXO3a and Pol II on the promoters. Knockdown of FOXO3a prevented dexamethasone-induced MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 expression. These results indicate that FOXO3a plays a role in muscle atrophy through expression of MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 in Cushing's syndrome.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Cushing Syndrome/metabolism
- Cushing Syndrome/pathology
- Cushing Syndrome/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/agonists
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/genetics
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Genes, Reporter/drug effects
- Glucocorticoids/pharmacology
- Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/agonists
- Muscle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Atrophy/etiology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- RNA Interference
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/agonists
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Response Elements/drug effects
- SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/antagonists & inhibitors
- SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/genetics
- SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/agonists
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/genetics
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol-Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ahm Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Inkyeom Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea;
- BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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31
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Agrawal A, Rathor R, Suryakumar G. Oxidative protein modification alters proteostasis under acute hypobaric hypoxia in skeletal muscles: a comprehensive in vivo study. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:429-443. [PMID: 28425050 PMCID: PMC5425375 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While numerous maladies are associated with hypobaric hypoxia, muscle protein loss is an important under studied topic. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of muscle protein loss at HH. SD rats were divided into normoxic rats, while remaining rats were exposed to simulated hypoxia equivalent to 282-torr pressure (equal to an altitude of 7620 m, 8% oxygen), at 25 °C for 6, 12, and 24 h. Post-exposure rats were sacrificed and analysis was performed. Ergo, muscle loss-related changes were observed at 12 and 24 h post-HH exposure. An increased reactive oxygen species production and decreased thiol content was observed in HH-exposed rats. This disturbance caused substantial protein oxidative modification in the form of protein carbonyl content and advanced oxidation protein products. The analysis showed increase levels of bityrosine, oxidized tryptophan, lysine conjugate, lysine conjugate with MDA, protein hydroperoxide, and protein-MDA product. These changes were also in agreement with increase in lipid hydroperoxides and MDA content. HSP-70 and HSP-60 were upregulated significantly, and this finding is corroborated with increase in ER stress biomarker, GRP-78. Overloading of cells with misfolded proteins further activated degradative machinery. Consequently, pro-apoptotic signaling cascade, caspase-3, and C/EBP homologous protein were also activated in 24-h HH exposure. Release of tryptophan and tyrosine was also increased with 24-h HH exposure, indicated protein degradation. Elevation in resting intracellular calcium ion, [Ca2+]i, was also observed at 12- and 24-h HH exposure. The present study provides a detailed mechanistic representation of muscle protein loss during HH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Cellular Biochemistry Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi -54, India
| | - Richa Rathor
- Cellular Biochemistry Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi -54, India.
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Cellular Biochemistry Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi -54, India
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Kim J, Park MY, Kim HK, Park Y, Whang KY. Cortisone and dexamethasone inhibit myogenesis by modulating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in C2C12. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:2093-2099. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1210502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Myogenesis occurs in both the prenatal and postnatal periods and the prenatal myogenesis is related to the postnatal myogenesis and the incidence of disease later in life. Glucocorticoids used as therapeutic agents for many diseases, but cause adverse effects on muscle homeostasis, including defects in fetal muscle development. The action of glucocorticoids on differentiated skeletal muscle was well studied, but their effects on myotube formation have not been well investigated. Dexamethasone (DEX) and cortisone (COR), two synthetic therapeutic glucocorticoids, suppress myotube formation in C2C12 cells. Both COR and DEX attenuated myotube formation through modulation of myogenic regulatory factors. In addition, they affected the IGF/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in increased proteolytic protein (atrogin-1 and MURF1) for muscle degradation and decreased ribosomal S6 phosphorylation. The current results conclude that COR and DEX inhibit myotube formation in C2C12 cells by modulating both the myogenic program via MRFs and protein metabolism via IGF/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kwan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Kwang-Youn Whang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rahnert JA, Zheng B, Hudson MB, Woodworth-Hobbs ME, Price SR. Glucocorticoids Alter CRTC-CREB Signaling in Muscle Cells: Impact on PGC-1α Expression and Atrophy Markers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159181. [PMID: 27404111 PMCID: PMC4942104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting associated with chronic diseases has been linked to decreased expression of PGC-1α and overexpression of PGC-1α counters muscle loss. CREB, in conjunction with the CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC2), is a positive modulator of PGC-1α transcription. We previously reported that PGC-1α expression is decreased in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats despite a high level of CREB phosphorylation (i.e., activation), suggesting that CRTC2-CREB signaling may be dysregulated. In this study, the relationship between CREB/CRTC signaling and PGC-1α expression was examined in L6 myotubes treated with dexamethasone (Dex, 48h) to induce atrophy. Dex decreased PGC-1α mRNA and protein as well as the levels of CRTC1 and CRTC2 in the nucleus. Dex also altered the nuclear levels of two known regulators of CRTC2 localization; the amount of calcinuerin catalytic A subunit (CnA) was decreased whereas SIK was increased. To assess PGC-1α transcription, muscle cells were transfected with a PGC-1α luciferase reporter plasmid (PGC-1α-Luc). Dex suppressed PGC-1α luciferase activity while both isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) and over-expression of CRTC1 or CRTC2 increased PGC-1α-Luc activity. Mutation of the CRE binding site from PGC-1α-Luc reporter attenuated the responses to both IBMX and the CRTC proteins. Consistent with the reporter gene results, overexpression of CRTC2 produced an increase in CRTC2 in the nucleus and in PGC-1α mRNA and PGC-1α protein. Overexpression of CRTC2 was not sufficient to prevent the decrease in PGC-1α mRNA or protein by Dex. In summary, these data suggest that attenuated CREB/CRTC signaling contributes to the decrease in PGC-1α expression during atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Rahnert
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bin Zheng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Hudson
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Myra E. Woodworth-Hobbs
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - S. Russ Price
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hochberg I, Harvey I, Tran QT, Stephenson EJ, Barkan AL, Saltiel AR, Chandler WF, Bridges D. Gene expression changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue due to Cushing's disease. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 55:81-94. [PMID: 26150553 PMCID: PMC4543687 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have major effects on adipose tissue metabolism. To study tissue mRNA expression changes induced by chronic elevated endogenous glucocorticoids, we performed RNA sequencing on the subcutaneous adipose tissue from patients with Cushing's disease (n=5) compared to patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (n=11). We found a higher expression of transcripts involved in several metabolic pathways, including lipogenesis, proteolysis and glucose oxidation as well as a decreased expression of transcripts involved in inflammation and protein synthesis. To further study this in a model system, we subjected mice to dexamethasone treatment for 12 weeks and analyzed their inguinal (subcutaneous) fat pads, which led to similar findings. Additionally, mice treated with dexamethasone showed drastic decreases in lean body mass as well as increased fat mass, further supporting the human transcriptomic data. These data provide insight to transcriptional changes that may be responsible for the comorbidities associated with chronic elevations of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Hochberg
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Innocence Harvey
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Quynh T Tran
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Erin J Stephenson
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ariel L Barkan
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alan R Saltiel
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - William F Chandler
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dave Bridges
- Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA Institute of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, IsraelLife Science InstituteUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAPhysiologyUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAPreventive MedicineUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USAInternal MedicineUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USANeurosurgeryUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAPediatricsUTHSC, Memphis, TN, USA
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Son YH, Lee SJ, Lee KB, Lee JH, Jeong EM, Chung SG, Park SC, Kim IG. Dexamethasone downregulates caveolin-1 causing muscle atrophy via inhibited insulin signaling. J Endocrinol 2015; 225:27-37. [PMID: 25688118 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids play a major role in the development of muscle atrophy in various medical conditions, such as cancer, burn injury, and sepsis, by inhibiting insulin signaling. In this study, we report a new pathway in which glucocorticoids reduce the levels of upstream insulin signaling components by downregulating the transcription of the gene encoding caveolin-1 (CAV1), a scaffolding protein present in the caveolar membrane. Treatment with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) decreased CAV1 protein and Cav1 mRNA expression, with a concomitant reduction in insulin receptor alpha (IRα) and IR substrate 1 (IRS1) levels in C2C12 myotubes. On the basis of the results of promoter analysis using deletion mutants and site-directed mutagenesis a negative glucocorticoid-response element in the regulatory region of the Cav1 gene was identified, confirming that Cav1 is a glucocorticoid-target gene. Cav1 knockdown using siRNA decreased the protein levels of IRα and IRS1, and overexpression of Cav1 prevented the DEX-induced decrease in IRα and IRS1 proteins, demonstrating a causal role of Cav1 in the inhibition of insulin signaling. Moreover, injection of adenovirus expressing Cav1 into the gastrocnemius muscle of mice prevented DEX-induced atrophy. These results indicate that CAV1 is a critical regulator of muscle homeostasis, linking glucocorticoid signaling to the insulin signaling pathway, thereby providing a novel target for the prevention of glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hoon Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Ki-Baek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Jin-Haeng Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Eui Man Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Sun Gun Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Human-Environment Interface BiologyDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineSeoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Abstract
Atrophy occurs in specific muscles with inactivity (for example, during plaster cast immobilization) or denervation (for example, in patients with spinal cord injuries). Muscle wasting occurs systemically in older people (a condition known as sarcopenia); as a physiological response to fasting or malnutrition; and in many diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, cancer-associated cachexia, diabetes, renal failure, cardiac failure, Cushing syndrome, sepsis, burns and trauma. The rapid loss of muscle mass and strength primarily results from excessive protein breakdown, which is often accompanied by reduced protein synthesis. This loss of muscle function can lead to reduced quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality. Exercise is the only accepted approach to prevent or slow atrophy. However, several promising therapeutic agents are in development, and major advances in our understanding of the cellular mechanisms that regulate the protein balance in muscle include the identification of several cytokines, particularly myostatin, and a common transcriptional programme that promotes muscle wasting. Here, we discuss these new insights and the rationally designed therapies that are emerging to combat muscle wasting.
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Hosono O, Yoshikawa N, Shimizu N, Kiryu S, Uehara M, Kobayashi H, Matsumiya R, Kuribara A, Maruyama T, Tanaka H. Quantitative analysis of skeletal muscle mass in patients with rheumatic diseases under glucocorticoid therapy--comparison among bioelectrical impedance analysis, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 25:257-63. [PMID: 25496410 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2014.935078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the availability of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measurement of skeletal muscle mass in patients with rheumatic diseases and quantitatively assess skeletal muscle loss after glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. METHODS The data from 22 patients with rheumatic diseases were retrospectively obtained. The muscle mass of body segments was measured with a BIA device in terms of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Cross-sectional area (CSA) was obtained from CT and MRI scans at the mid-thigh level using the image analysis program. We further assessed the data of three different measurements before and after GC treatment in 7 patients with rheumatic diseases. RESULTS SMI of whole body was significantly correlated with estimated muscle volume and mid-thigh muscle CSA with CT and MRI (p < 0.01). Significant correlations between SMI and mid-thigh muscle CSA of each leg were also found (p < 0.01). All the three measurements were negatively correlated with GC dosage (p < 0.01). Significant decline in mid-thigh muscle CSA with CT and MRI was found after GC treatment in 7 patients (p < 0.02). Those patients showed significant decline in SMI of whole body after GC treatment, but not in SMI of each leg. On the other hand, significant correlations between mid-thigh muscle CSA with CT and MRI were found before and after GC treatment (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS GC-related skeletal muscle loss could be quantitatively assessed with BIA, CT, or MRI in patients with rheumatic diseases, and CT and MRI appeared to be more accurate than BIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Hosono
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Minato-ku, Tokyo , Japan
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Muscle-specific GSK-3β ablation accelerates regeneration of disuse-atrophied skeletal muscle. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:490-506. [PMID: 25496993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Muscle wasting impairs physical performance, increases mortality and reduces medical intervention efficacy in chronic diseases and cancer. Developing proficient intervention strategies requires improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing muscle mass wasting and recovery. Involvement of muscle protein- and myonuclear turnover during recovery from muscle atrophy has received limited attention. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I signaling pathway has been implicated in muscle mass regulation. As glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is inhibited by IGF-I signaling, we hypothesized that muscle-specific GSK-3β deletion facilitates the recovery of disuse-atrophied skeletal muscle. Wild-type mice and mice lacking muscle GSK-3β (MGSK-3β KO) were subjected to a hindlimb suspension model of reversible disuse-induced muscle atrophy and followed during recovery. Indices of muscle mass, protein synthesis and proteolysis, and post-natal myogenesis which contribute to myonuclear accretion, were monitored during the reloading of atrophied muscle. Early muscle mass recovery occurred more rapidly in MGSK-3β KO muscle. Reloading-associated changes in muscle protein turnover were not affected by GSK-3β ablation. However, coherent effects were observed in the extent and kinetics of satellite cell activation, proliferation and myogenic differentiation observed during reloading, suggestive of increased myonuclear accretion in regenerating skeletal muscle lacking GSK-3β. This study demonstrates that muscle mass recovery and post-natal myogenesis from disuse-atrophy are accelerated in the absence of GSK-3β.
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Ness KK, Kaste SC, Zhu L, Pui CH, Jeha S, Nathan PC, Inaba H, Wasilewski-Masker K, Shah D, Wells RJ, Karlage RE, Robison LL, Cox CL. Skeletal, neuromuscular and fitness impairments among children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:1004-11. [PMID: 25030039 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.944519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study describes skeletal, neuromuscular and fitness impairments among 109 children (median age 10 [range 4-18] years, 65.1% male, 63.3% white) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Outcomes were measured 7-10 days after diagnosis and compared to age- and sex-specific expected values. Associations between function and health-related quality of life (HRQL) were evaluated with logistic regression. Children with ALL had sub-optimal bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score/height (mean ± standard error: - 0.53 ± 0.16 vs. 0.00 ± 0.14, p < 0.01), body mass index percentile (57.6 ± 3.15 vs. 50.0 ± 3.27%, p = 0.02), quadriceps strength (201.9 ± 8.3 vs. 236.1 ± 5.4 N, p < 0.01), 6 min walk distance (385.0 ± 13.1 vs. 628.2 ± 7.1 m, p < 0.001) and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency scores (23 ± 2.5 vs. 50 ± 3.4%, p < 0.01). Quadriceps weakness was associated with a 20.9-fold (95% confidence interval 2.5-173.3) increase in poor physical HRQL. Children with newly diagnosed ALL have weakness and poor endurance and may benefit from early rehabilitation that includes strengthening and aerobic conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten K Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
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Díaz MC, Ospina-Tascón GA, Salazar C BC. Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction: A Multicausal Entity in the Critically Ill Patient Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Piccirillo R, Demontis F, Perrimon N, Goldberg AL. Mechanisms of muscle growth and atrophy in mammals and Drosophila. Dev Dyn 2014; 243:201-15. [PMID: 24038488 PMCID: PMC3980484 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of skeletal muscle mass (atrophy) that accompanies disuse and systemic diseases is highly debilitating. Although the pathogenesis of this condition has been primarily studied in mammals, Drosophila is emerging as an attractive system to investigate some of the mechanisms involved in muscle growth and atrophy. RESULTS In this review, we highlight the outstanding unsolved questions that may benefit from a combination of studies in both flies and mammals. In particular, we discuss how different environmental stimuli and signaling pathways influence muscle mass and strength and how a variety of disease states can cause muscle wasting. CONCLUSIONS Studies in Drosophila and mammals should help identify molecular targets for the treatment of muscle wasting in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Demontis
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Division of Developmental Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Myostatin/activin pathway antagonism: Molecular basis and therapeutic potential. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2333-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kadmiel M, Cidlowski JA. Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in health and disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2013; 34:518-30. [PMID: 23953592 PMCID: PMC3951203 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 540] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones regulated in a circadian and stress-associated manner to maintain various metabolic and homeostatic functions that are necessary for life. Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely prescribed drugs for many conditions including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and inflammatory disorders of the eye. Research in the past few years has begun to unravel the profound complexity of glucocorticoid signaling and has contributed remarkably to improved therapeutic strategies. Glucocorticoids signal through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the superfamily of nuclear receptors, in both genomic and non-genomic ways in almost every tissue in the human body. In this review, we provide an update on glucocorticoid receptor signaling and highlight the role of GR signaling in physiological and pathophysiological conditions in the major organ systems in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahita Kadmiel
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., MD F3-07, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - John A. Cidlowski
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., MD F3-07, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Horai N, Nagaoka T, Higuchi I, Kasai H, Yoshioka T, Umekita Y, Fukuzaki K, Nagata R, Miyata A, Abeyama K. Muscle wasting associated with pathologic change is a risk factor for the exacerbation of joint swelling in collagen-induced arthritis in cynomolgus monkeys. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013; 14:205. [PMID: 23834772 PMCID: PMC3710207 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Not only joint destruction but also muscle wasting due to rheumatoid cachexia has been problem in terms of quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we performed histopathological examination and assessed relationships between characteristic parameters relating to muscle and joint swelling in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model using cynomolgus monkeys (CMs). METHODS Female CMs were used and CIA was induced by twice immunizations using bovine type II collagen with Freund's complete adjuvant. Arthritis level was evaluated from the degree of swelling at the peripheral joints of the fore and hind limbs. Food consumption, body weight, and serum biochemical parameters were measured sequentially. Five or 6 animals per time point were sacrificed at 2, 3, 5 and 9 weeks after the first immunization to obtain quadriceps femoris specimens for histopathology. Pimonidazole hydrochloride was intravenously administered to determine tissue hypoxia in skeletal muscle. RESULTS Gradual joint swelling was observed and the maximum arthritis score was noted at Week 5. In histopathology, necrosis of muscle fiber in the quadriceps femoris was observed only at Week 2 and the most significant findings such as degeneration, atrophy, and regeneration of muscle fiber were mainly observed at Week 5. Food consumption was decreased up to Week 4 but recovered thereafter. Body weight decreased up to Week 5 and did not completely recover thereafter. A biphasic increase in serum cortisol was also observed at Weeks 2 and 5. Histopathology showed that muscle lesions were mainly composed of degeneration and atrophy of the muscle fibers, and ATPase staining revealed that the changes were more pronounced in type II muscle fiber than type I muscle fiber. In the pimonidazole experiment, mosaic pattern in skeletal muscle was demonstrated in the intact animal, but not the CIA animal. Increased arthritis score was accompanied by a decrease in serum creatinine, a marker that reflects muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS Muscle wasting might exacerbate joint swelling in a collagen-induced arthritis model of cynomolgus monkeys.
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Lu L, Wang DT, Shi Y, Yin Y, Wei LB, Zou YC, Huang B, Zhao Y, Wang M, Wan H, Li CJ, Diao JX. Astragalus polysaccharide improves muscle atrophy from dexamethasone- and peroxide-induced injury in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:7-16. [PMID: 23817095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is an important bioactive component of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (Leguminosae) that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating muscle wasting, a serious complication with complex mechanism manifested as myofibers atrophy and satellite cells apoptosis. In this study, the anti-atrophy and anti-apoptotic activity of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) was characterized in C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes and myoblasts. APS inhibited dexamethasone-induced atrophy by restoring phosphorylation of Akt, m-TOR, P70s6k, rpS6 and FoxO3A/FoxO1. The targets that protected C2C12 myoblasts from damage by H2O2 were promoting cells proliferation and inhibiting cells apoptosis. The protective mechanisms involved mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway. Moreover, Antioxidant effect of APS was also detected in this work. Our findings suggested that APS could be explored as a protective and perhaps as a therapeutic agent in the management of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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46
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Opposing effects of dexamethasone, agrin and sugammadex on functional innervation and constitutive secretion of IL-6 in in vitro innervated primary human muscle cells. Neurosci Lett 2013; 549:186-90. [PMID: 23791923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular junction development is the key process required for successful neuromuscular transmission and functional innervation of skeletal muscle fibres. Various substances can influence these processes, some of which are in common use in clinical practice. In the present study, the effects of the potentially new therapeutic agent agrin were followed, along with the widely used glucocorticoid dexamethasone. The in vitro experimental model used was functional innervation and constitutive interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion of human muscle cells. Additionally, the selective relaxant binding agent sugammadex and its possible interaction with dexamethasone were followed. Dexamethasone impaired functional innervation while agrin had opposing effects. Furthermore, based on interference with IL-6 secretion, we show potential (chemical) interactions between dexamethasone and sugammadex. The physiological effects of this interaction should be taken into consideration under clinical conditions where these two drugs might be applied simultaneously.
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47
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Bonaldo P, Sandri M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy. Dis Model Mech 2013; 6:25-39. [PMID: 23268536 PMCID: PMC3529336 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 825] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a plastic organ that is maintained by multiple pathways regulating cell and protein turnover. During muscle atrophy, proteolytic systems are activated, and contractile proteins and organelles are removed, resulting in the shrinkage of muscle fibers. Excessive loss of muscle mass is associated with poor prognosis in several diseases, including myopathies and muscular dystrophies, as well as in systemic disorders such as cancer, diabetes, sepsis and heart failure. Muscle loss also occurs during aging. In this paper, we review the key mechanisms that regulate the turnover of contractile proteins and organelles in muscle tissue, and discuss how impairments in these mechanisms can contribute to muscle atrophy. We also discuss how protein synthesis and degradation are coordinately regulated by signaling pathways that are influenced by mechanical stress, physical activity, and the availability of nutrients and growth factors. Understanding how these pathways regulate muscle mass will provide new therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy in metabolic and neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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48
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Expanding the conversation regarding adjunctive corticosteroid therapy for pediatric septic shock. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2013; 14:541-3. [PMID: 23867432 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0b013e31828a8165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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49
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Díaz MC, Ospina-Tascón GA, Salazar C BC. Respiratory muscle dysfunction: a multicausal entity in the critically ill patient undergoing mechanical ventilation. Arch Bronconeumol 2013; 50:73-7. [PMID: 23669061 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory muscle dysfunction, particularly of the diaphragm, may play a key role in the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to difficulty in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. The limited mobility of critically ill patients, and of the diaphragm in particular when prolonged mechanical ventilation support is required, promotes the early onset of respiratory muscle dysfunction, but this can also be caused or exacerbated by other factors that are common in these patients, such as sepsis, malnutrition, advanced age, duration and type of ventilation, and use of certain medications, such as steroids and neuromuscular blocking agents. In this review we will study in depth this multicausal origin, in which a common mechanism is altered protein metabolism, according to the findings reported in various models. The understanding of this multicausality produced by the same pathophysiological mechanism could facilitate the management and monitoring of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda C Díaz
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Gustavo A Ospina-Tascón
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Biomédica de la Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Blanca C Salazar C
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
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50
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Scheede-Bergdahl C, Jagoe RT. After the chemotherapy: potential mechanisms for chemotherapy-induced delayed skeletal muscle dysfunction in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:49. [PMID: 23626576 PMCID: PMC3630332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that survivors of childhood cancers, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), have increased rates of long-term skeletal muscle dysfunction. This places them at higher risk of physical restriction and functional impairment as well as potentially contributing to observed increases in cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance in later life. The mechanisms underlying these changes in skeletal muscle are unknown but chemotherapy drugs used in treatment for ALL are strongly implicated. Normal skeletal muscle growth, development, and function are dependent on correctly functioning muscle satellite cells, muscle motor neurons, and muscle mitochondria. Each of these key components is potentially susceptible to damage by chemotherapy in childhood, particularly prolonged courses including repeated administration of combination chemotherapy. If this chemotherapy-induced damage is not fully reversible, impairment of satellite cells, muscle motor innervation, and mitochondria could, either singly or together, lead to the emergence of delayed or persistent skeletal muscle dysfunction many years later. The known effects of individual drugs used in the treatment of ALL are outlined and the need for specific targeted studies to investigate the mechanisms underlying persistent muscle dysfunction in survivors of ALL and other childhood cancers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celena Scheede-Bergdahl
- Cancer Nutrition Rehabilitation Program, Department of Oncology, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; The Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital Montreal, QC, Canada
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