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Zakraoui M, Outman A, Kinambamba MS, Bouhrim M, Ndjib RC, Al Kamaly O, Alshawwa SZ, Seid AB, Cordier J, Ngoupayo J, Longo-Mbenza B, Gressier B, Parvez MK, Pasković I, Hamrouni L, Eto B. Ifanosine: Olea europaea L. and Hyphaene thebaica L. combination, from traditional utilization to rational formulation: Preclinical and clinical efficacy on hypertensives patients. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117834. [PMID: 38309486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Olea europaea L. and Hyphaene thebaica L. are commonly employed by traditional healers in Africa for treating and preventing hypertension, either individually or in a polyherbal preparation (Ifanosine). AIM OF THE STUDY The primary aim was to assess the antihypertensive effects of Olea europaea L. leaves aqueous extract (OEL), Hyphaene thebaica L. mesocarp extract (HT), and the Ifanosine on isolated rat aorta rings. The secondary objective was to evaluate the clinical benefits of a new oral formulation of Ifanosine. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro studies using an isometric transducer examined the antihypertensive effects of HT, OEL, and Ifanosine on rat aorta. Ussing chambers technic were employed to measure mucosal to serosal fluxes and total transepithelial electrical conductance (Gt) to assess the intestinal bioavailability of HT, OEL, and Ifanosine. HPLC was utilized to determine the phytochemical composition of OEL and HT extracts. Subchronic toxicity investigations involved two groups of rats, treated with either water (control) or Ifanosine at 5 g/kg for 28 days. Clinical benefits of the new Ifanosine formulation were evaluated in an observational study with 32 hypertensive patients receiving a fixed oral dose of 3.5 mg three times a day for 30 days. RESULTS Aqueous extracts induced dose-dependent relaxation of rat aorta rings, with HT and OEL having higher IC50 values than Ifanosine (IC50 = 44.76 ± 1.35 ng/mL, 58.67 ± 1.02 ng/mL, and 29.46 ± 0.26 ng/mL, respectively). The pA2 values of OEL and HT were 1 and 0.6, respectively, while Ifanosine was 0.06. Intestinal bioavailability studies revealed better Prazosin bioavailability than plant extracts. Toxicological studies demonstrated the safety of Ifanosine, supported by histological examinations and biochemical parameters in rat blood. Biochemical analyses indicated flavonoids and phenolic acids as dominant active constituents. Clinical benefits in humans included reduced SBP, DBP, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and TAG, and increased HDL-c without overt adverse effects. CONCLUSION This study validates the traditional use of OEL and HT for hypertension and advocates for alternative and combinatorial polyphytotherapy (ACP) to enhance traditional remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Zakraoui
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory for the Management and development of Forest resources INRGREF, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Ahlam Outman
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Milène Simone Kinambamba
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France; Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Beni Mellal, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal, 23000, Morocco.
| | - Rosette Christelle Ndjib
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France; Laboratory of Botany and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical research and Medicinal Plants Studies, B0 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abakar Bechir Seid
- Direction of Pharmacopeia and Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health and Prevention, B.P. 440, N'djamena, Chad; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Bo 1634, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Janine Cordier
- Chad-China Friendship Hospital Center, N'djamena. Chad, Chad.
| | - Joseph Ngoupayo
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Bo 1634, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo and LOMO University for research, LIMETE, RDC, Kinshasa, Congo.
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Lille, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Mohammad Khalid Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Igor Pasković
- Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440, Poreč, Croatia.
| | - Lamia Hamrouni
- Laboratory for the Management and development of Forest resources INRGREF, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Phamacy, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Adarthaiya S, Sehgal A. Moringa oleifera Lam. as a potential plant for alleviation of the metabolic syndrome-A narrative review based on in vivo and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:755-775. [PMID: 38015048 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the co-occurrence of risk factors, including hyperglycaemia, increased body weight, hypertension and dyslipidemia, which eventually lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease, a common health problem worldwide. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of plant-based products for the management of MetS, because of their less detrimental and more beneficial effects. Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae), commonly known as drumstick, is cultivated worldwide for its nutritional and medicinal properties. This review focuses on the in vivo and human studies concerning the potential of M. oleifera in the alleviation of MetS and its comorbidities. The search for relevant articles was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Randomised controlled and clinical trials from the PubMed database were included in this review. The results suggested that the administration of M. oleifera, in vivo, shows clear signs of improvement in MetS indices. Despite fewer human studies, the existing data documented convincing results that uphold the potential of M. oleifera against MetS. Therefore, future research discussing the probable mechanism of action is much needed which could further assure the usage of M. oleifera in the treatment regimen of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikrupa Adarthaiya
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Amit Sehgal
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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3
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Seryapina AA, Malyavko AA, Polityko YK, Yanshole LV, Tsentalovich YP, Markel AL. Metabolic profile of blood serum in experimental arterial hypertension. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:530-538. [PMID: 37867609 PMCID: PMC10587007 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of essential hypertension is intricate, since it employs simultaneously various body systems related to the regulation of blood pressure in one way or another: the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems, renal and endothelial mechanisms. The pathogenesis of hypertension is influenced by a variety of both genetic and environmental factors, which determines the heterogeneity of the disease in human population. Hence, there is a need to perform research on experimental models - inbred animal strains, one of them being ISIAH rat strain, which is designed to simulate inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension as close as possible to primary (or essential) hypertension in humans. To determine specific markers of diseases, various omics technologies are applied, including metabolomics, which makes it possible to evaluate the content of low-molecular compounds - amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids fragments - in biological samples available for clinical analysis (blood and urine). We analyzed the metabolic profile of the blood serum of male ISIAH rats with a genetic stress-dependent form of arterial hypertension in comparison with the normotensive WAG rats. Using the method of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR spectroscopy), 56 metabolites in blood serum samples were identified, 18 of which were shown to have significant interstrain differences in serum concentrations. Statistical analysis of the data obtained showed that the hypertensive status of ISIAH rats is characterized by increased concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, valine, myo-inositol, isobutyrate, glutamate, glutamine, ornithine and creatine phosphate, and reduced concentrations of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, betaine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Such a ratio of the metabolite concentrations is associated with changes in the regulation of glucose metabolism (metabolic markers - leucine, isoleucine, valine, myo-inositol), of nitric oxide synthesis (ornithine) and catecholamine pathway (tyrosine), and with inflammatory processes (metabolic markers - betaine, tryptophan), all of these changes being typical for hypertensive status. Thus, metabolic profiling of the stress-dependent form of arterial hypertension seems to be an important result for a personalized approach to the prevention and treatment of hypertensive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Seryapina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Malyavko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu K Polityko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A L Markel
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Reyes LZ, Winterberg PD, George RP, Kelleman M, Harris F, Jo H, Brown LAS, Morris CR. Arginine Dysregulation and Myocardial Dysfunction in a Mouse Model and Children with Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2162. [PMID: 37432321 PMCID: PMC10181438 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Arginine, the endogenous precursor for nitric oxide synthesis, is produced in the kidneys. Arginine bioavailability contributes to endothelial and myocardial dysfunction in CKD. Plasma from 129X1/SvJ mice with and without CKD (5/6th nephrectomy), and banked plasma from children with and without CKD were analyzed for amino acids involved in arginine metabolism, ADMA, and arginase activity. Echocardiographic measures of myocardial function were compared with plasma analytes. In a separate experiment, a non-specific arginase inhibitor was administered to mice with and without CKD. Plasma citrulline and glutamine concentrations correlated with multiple measures of myocardial dysfunction. Plasma arginase activity was significantly increased in CKD mice at 16 weeks vs. 8 weeks (p = 0.002) and ventricular strain improved after arginase inhibition in mice with CKD (p = 0.03). In children on dialysis, arginase activity was significantly increased vs. healthy controls (p = 0.04). Increasing ADMA correlated with increasing RWT in children with CKD (r = 0.54; p = 0.003). In a mouse model, and children, with CKD, arginine dysregulation correlates with myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Z. Reyes
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Pamela D. Winterberg
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Roshan Punnoose George
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Kelleman
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Frank Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lou Ann S. Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Claudia R. Morris
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Li Y, Anand-Srivastava MB. Role of Gi proteins in the regulation of blood pressure and vascular remodeling. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115384. [PMID: 36549460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins (G-proteins) through the activation of several signaling mechanisms including adenylyl cyclase/cAMP and phospholipase C (PLC)/phosphatidyl inositol (PI) turnover. regulate a variety of cellular functions, including vascular reactivity, proliferation and hypertrophy of VSMC. Activity of adenylyl cyclase is regulated by two G proteins, stimulatory (Gsα) and inhibitory (Giα). Gsα stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity and increases the levels of cAMP, whereas Giα inhibits the activity of adenylyl cyclase and results in the reduction of cAMP levels. Abnormalities in Giα protein expression and associated adenylyl cyclase\cAMP levels result in the impaired cellular functions and contribute to various pathological states including hypertension. The expression of Giα proteins is enhanced in various tissues including heart, kidney, aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from genetic (spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)) and experimentally - induced hypertensive rats and contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. In addition, the enhanced expression of Giα proteins exhibited by VSMC from SHR is also implicated in the hyperproliferation and hypertrophy, the two key players contributing to vascular remodelling in hypertension. The enhanced levels of endogenous vasoactive peptides including angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and growth factors contribute to the overexpression of Giα proteins in VSMC from SHR. In addition, enhanced oxidative stress, activation of c-Src, growth factor receptor transactivation and MAP kinase/PI3kinase signaling also contribute to the augmented expression of Giα proteins in VSMC from SHR. This review summarizes the role of Giα proteins, and the underlying molecular mechanisms implicated in the regulation of high blood pressure and vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Madhu B Anand-Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
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Oyeleye SI, Ademiluyi AO, Raymond OO, Oboh G. Synergistic cardioprotective ability of co-administration of Moringa supplemented diets and acarbose in diabetic cardiomyopathy involves attenuation of cholinergic, purinergic, monoaminergic, renin-angiotensin system, and antioxidant pathways. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14475. [PMID: 36219759 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the major complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) due to the multifaceted therapy involved. Here, we evaluated the combinatorial effect of Moringa leaf (ML) and seed (MS) supplemented diets plus acarbose (ACA) on cardiac acetylcholinesterase (AChE), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), adenosine deaminase (ADA), monoamine oxidase (MAO), arginase, angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), and thiols levels. The diets and ACA (25 mg/kg) were administered for 14 days. The fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), cardiac AChE, ATPase, ADA, MAO, arginase, ACE, LDH activities, and TBARS and thiol levels were determined. Relative to the normal rats, the biomarkers were significantly increased in DM rats but were suppressed significantly in the diets plus ACA-treated rats while improving antioxidant status, with the 4% Moringa plus ACA proving outstanding compared to individual ML/MS and ACA. In addition, ML-supplemented diets with/without ACA had better effects compared to MS with/without ACA, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of ML/MS supplemented diets and ACA synergistically modulates the tested biochemicals. However, the effect on blood vessels and the nerves that control the heart, stiffness of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, fibrosis, cell signaling abnormalities, related gene expression, clinical trials, and echocardiology studies should be further investigated to affirm this claim. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Moringa oleifera has been a vocal appetite in mitigating cardiovascular disease induced by diabetes, but the formulation of a medicinal diet as an ameliorative route of attention to the pathology is fairly addressed, not talking of its combination with the synthetic antidiabetic drug, such as ACA. Based on this experiment, it is imperative to explore such an idea. This research shows that co-administration of moringa leaf/seed formulated diets plus ACA exhibits a synergistic effect in DCM management. However, further research is needed in this field of experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday I Oyeleye
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo O Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ojo O Raymond
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Detroja TS, Samson AO. Virtual Screening for FDA-Approved Drugs That Selectively Inhibit Arginase Type 1 and 2. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165134. [PMID: 36014374 PMCID: PMC9416497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Arginases are often overexpressed in human diseases, and they are an important target for developing anti-aging and antineoplastic drugs. Arginase type 1 (ARG1) is a cytosolic enzyme, and arginase type 2 (ARG2) is a mitochondrial one. In this study, a dataset containing 2115-FDA-approved drug molecules is virtually screened for potential arginase binding using molecular docking against several ARG1 and ARG2 structures. The potential arginase ligands are classified into three categories: (1) Non-selective, (2) ARG1 selective, and (3) ARG2 selective. The evaluated potential arginase ligands are then compared with their clinical use. Remarkably, half of the top 30 potential drugs are used clinically to lower blood pressure and treat cancer, infection, kidney disease, and Parkinson’s disease thus partially validating our virtual screen. Most notable are the antihypertensive drugs candesartan, irbesartan, indapamide, and amiloride, the antiemetic rolapitant, the anti-angina ivabradine, and the antidiabetic metformin which have minimal side effects. The partial validation also favors the idea that the other half of the top 30 potential drugs could be used in therapeutic settings. The three categories greatly expand the selectivity of arginase inhibition.
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Cho JS, Han YS, Jensen C, Sieck G. Effects of arginase inhibition on myocardial Ca 2+ and contractile responses. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15396. [PMID: 35866269 PMCID: PMC9305075 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is thought to increase cardiac contractility by increasing cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) during excitation. Alternatively, NO could increase the sensitivity of the contractile response to [Ca2+ ]cyt (Ca2+ sensitivity). Arginase regulates NO production by competing with NO synthase (NOS), and thus, arginase inhibition should increase cardiac contractility by increasing NO production. We hypothesized that arginase inhibition increases cardiac contractility by increasing both [Ca2+ ]cyt and Ca2+ sensitivity. [Ca2+ ]cyt and contractile (sarcomere length [SL] shortening) responses to electrical stimulation were measured simultaneously in isolated rat cardiomyocytes using an IonOptix system. In the same cardiomyocytes, measurements were obtained at baseline, following 3-min exposure to an arginase inhibitor (S-[2-boronoethyl]-l-cysteine; BEC) and following 3-min exposure to BEC plus a NOS inhibitor (NG -nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester; l-NAME). These responses were compared to time-matched control cardiomyocytes that were untreated. Compared to baseline, BEC increased the amplitude and the total amount of evoked [Ca2+ ]cyt , and the extent and velocity of SL shortening in cardiomyocytes, whereas addition of l-NAME mitigated these effects. The [Ca2+ ]cyt at 50% contraction and relaxation were not different across treatment groups indicating no effect of BEC on Ca2+ sensitivity. The [Ca2+ ]cyt and SL shortening responses in time-matched controls did not vary with time. Arginase inhibition by BEC significantly increased the amplitude and the total amount of evoked [Ca2+ ]cyt , and the extent and velocity of SL shortening in cardiomyocytes, but did not affect Ca2+ sensitivity. These effects of BEC were mitigated by l-NAME. Together, these results indicate an effect of NO on [Ca2+ ]cyt responses that then increase the contractile response of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Han
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Cole Jensen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Gary Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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Heuser SK, LoBue A, Li J, Zhuge Z, Leo F, Suvorava T, Olsson A, Schneckmann R, Guimaraes Braga DD, Srivrastava T, Montero L, Schmitz OJ, Schmitt JP, Grandoch M, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Pernow J, Kelm M, Carlström M, Cortese-Krott MM. Downregulation of eNOS and preserved endothelial function in endothelial-specific arginase 1-deficient mice. Nitric Oxide 2022; 125-126:69-77. [PMID: 35752264 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Arginase 1 (Arg1) is a ubiquitous enzyme belonging to the urea cycle that catalyzes the conversion of l-arginine into l-ornithine and urea. In endothelial cells (ECs), Arg1 was proposed to limit the availability of l-arginine for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and thereby reduce nitric oxide (NO) production, thus promoting endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. The role of EC Arg1 under homeostatic conditions is in vivo less understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of EC Arg1 on the regulation of eNOS, vascular tone, and endothelial function under normal homeostatic conditions in vivo and ex vivo. By using a tamoxifen-inducible EC-specific gene-targeting approach, we generated EC Arg1 KO mice. Efficiency and specificity of the gene targeting strategy was demonstrated by DNA recombination and loss of Arg1 expression measured after tamoxifen treatment in EC only. In EC Arg1 KO mice we found a significant decrease in Arg1 expression in heart and lung ECs and in the aorta, however, vascular enzymatic activity was preserved likely due to the presence of high levels of Arg1 in smooth muscle cells. Moreover, we found a downregulation of eNOS expression in the aorta, and a fully preserved systemic l-arginine and NO bioavailability, as demonstrated by the levels of l-arginine, l-ornithine, and l-citrulline as well as nitrite, nitrate, and nitroso-species. Lung and liver tissues from EC Arg1 KO mice showed respectively increase or decrease in nitrosyl-heme species, indicating that the lack of endothelial Arg1 affects NO bioavailability in these organs. In addition, EC Arg1 KO mice showed fully preserved acetylcholine-mediated vascular relaxation in both conductance and resistant vessels but increased phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure and cardiac performance in EC Arg1 KO mice were not different from the wild-type littermate controls. In conclusion, under normal homeostatic conditions, lack of EC Arg1 expression is associated with a down-regulation of eNOS expression but a preserved NO bioavailability and vascular endothelial function. These results suggest that a cross-talk exists between Arg1 and eNOS to control NO production in ECs, which depends on both L-Arg availability and EC Arg1-dependent eNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia K Heuser
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anthea LoBue
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Junjie Li
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhengbing Zhuge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Leo
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Suvorava
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Annika Olsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebekka Schneckmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | | | - Tanu Srivrastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Lidia Montero
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim P Schmitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam M Cortese-Krott
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Targeting Arginine in COVID-19-Induced Immunopathology and Vasculopathy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030240. [PMID: 35323682 PMCID: PMC8953281 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a major public health crisis that has caused the death of nearly six million people worldwide. Emerging data have identified a deficiency of circulating arginine in patients with COVID-19. Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that serves as key regulator of immune and vascular cell function. Arginine is metabolized by nitric oxide (NO) synthase to NO which plays a pivotal role in host defense and vascular health, whereas the catabolism of arginine by arginase to ornithine contributes to immune suppression and vascular disease. Notably, arginase activity is upregulated in COVID-19 patients in a disease-dependent fashion, favoring the production of ornithine and its metabolites from arginine over the synthesis of NO. This rewiring of arginine metabolism in COVID-19 promotes immune and endothelial cell dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, inflammation, vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and arterial thickening, fibrosis, and stiffening, which can lead to vascular occlusion, muti-organ failure, and death. Strategies that restore the plasma concentration of arginine, inhibit arginase activity, and/or enhance the bioavailability and potency of NO represent promising therapeutic approaches that may preserve immune function and prevent the development of severe vascular disease in patients with COVID-19.
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11
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Agunloye OM. Effect of aqueous extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinus subnudus on activity of adenosine deaminase, arginase, cholinergic enzyme, and angiotensin-1-converting enzyme. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13490. [PMID: 33043511 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus) and Lentinus subnudus (L. subnudus) commonly consumed as food or as food supplement have been reported in folklore for their antihypertensive property with limited scientific proof. This study aims to unravel the antihypertensive mechanism of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus in vitro. The antioxidant properties of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus were established via standard antioxidant assays. Also, the effect of P. ostreatus and L. subnudus extracts on relevant enzymes associated to the development of hypertension were evaluated. Findings from this study revealed that P. ostreatus and L. subnudus extracts exhibited antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. Meanwhile, according to our results, various bioactive compounds present in P. ostreatus and L. subnudus could be responsible for the observed in vitro antihypertensive property. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: P. ostreatus and L. subnudus are the most commonly consumed mushrooms by the rural dwellers in South Western Nigeria, perhaps, based on their nutritive value and health-enhancing benefits. This paper showed that P. ostreatus and L. subnudus possess antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. Thus, their consumption as foods or food supplements may provide therapeutic benefits for hypertensive patients. Therefore, P. ostreatus and L. subnudus are promising candidates for the development of nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odunayo Michael Agunloye
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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12
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Arginase II polymorphisms modify the hypotensive responses to propofol by affecting nitric oxide bioavailability. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:869-877. [PMID: 33410970 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-03059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Propofol anesthesia is usually accompanied by hypotensive responses, which are at least in part mediated by nitric oxide (NO). Arginase I (ARG1) and arginase II (ARG2) compete with NO synthases for their common substrate L-arginine, therefore influencing the NO formation. We examined here whether ARG1 and ARG2 genotypes and haplotypes affect the changes in blood pressure and NO bioavailability in response to propofol. METHODS Venous blood samples were collected from 167 patients at baseline and after 10 min of anesthesia with propofol. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Nitrite concentrations were measured by using an ozone-based chemiluminescence assay, while NOx (nitrites + nitrates) levels were determined by using the Griess reaction. RESULTS We found that patients carrying the AG + GG genotypes for the rs3742879 polymorphism in ARG2 gene and the ARG2 GC haplotype show lower increases in nitrite levels and lower decreases in blood pressure after propofol anesthesia. On the other hand, subjects carrying the variant genotypes for the rs10483801 polymorphism in ARG2 gene show more intense decreases in blood pressure (CA genotype) and/or higher increases in nitrite levels (CA and AA genotypes) in response to propofol. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ARG2 variants affect the hypotensive responses to propofol, possibly by modifying NO bioavailability. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02442232.
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13
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Moretto J, Pudlo M, Demougeot C. Human-based evidence for the therapeutic potential of arginase inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:138-147. [PMID: 33197620 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Moretto
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Marc Pudlo
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
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14
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Demchenko SA, Koklin IS, Koklina NY. Role of Arginase 2 as a potential pharmacological target for the creation of new drugs to correct cardiovascular diseases. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.6.50942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The review provides relevant information about arginase 2, the role of this enzyme in the formation of endothelial dysfunction and, as a consequence, the development of cardiovascular diseases.
History of the discovery of arginase and its functions: The discovery of arginase took place long before its active study as a substance that affects the formation of endothelial dysfunction.
Role of arginase 2 in the development of a number of cardiovascular diseases: The role of NO synthase and arginase 2 in the formation of oxidative stress is determined. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of a number of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and aortic aneurysm, are described. The modern possibilities of treatment of endothelial dysfunction in the pathology of the cardiovascular system and the possibility of creation of new drugs are considered. An increase in the activity of arginase 2 was proven to occur in the case of the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, as well as in the process of aging. According to the WHO, coronary heart disease and apoplectic attack have topped the list of causes of death worldwide over the past 15 years.
Arginase 2 as a potential pharmacological target: The purpose of this literature review is to determine the possibilities of use of arginase 2 as a new target for the pharmacological correction of cardiovascular diseases.
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Semen Cuscutae Administration Improves Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Adiposity in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123035. [PMID: 31842363 PMCID: PMC6950589 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since arginase has been shown to compete with nitric oxide (NO) synthase, emerging evidence has reported that arginase inhibition improves obesity by increasing NO production. Semen cuscutae (SC), which is a well-known Chinese medicine, has multiple biological functions such as anti-oxidant function and immune regulation. In this study, we investigated whether the SC as a natural arginase inhibitor influences hepatic lipid abnormalities and whole-body adiposity in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. The lipid accumulation was significantly reduced by SC treatment in oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis in vitro. Additionally, SC supplementation substantially lowered HFD-induced increases in arginase activity and weights of liver and visceral fat tissue, while increasing hepatic NO. Furthermore, elevated mRNA expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1c), fatty-acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ)1, and PPAR-γ2 in HFD-fed mice were significantly attenuated by SC supplementation. Taken together, SC, as a novel natural arginase inhibitor, showed anti-obesity properties by modulating hepatic arginase and NO production and metabolic pathways related to hepatic triglyceride (TG) metabolism.
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16
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Mahdi A, Kövamees O, Pernow J. Improvement in endothelial function in cardiovascular disease - Is arginase the target? Int J Cardiol 2019; 301:207-214. [PMID: 31785959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction represents an early change in the vascular wall in areas prone to atherosclerotic plaque formation and is present in association with several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The underlying mechanisms behind endothelial dysfunction are multifactorial and complex. Arginase has emerged as a key player in the regulation of endothelial integrity by the ability of reciprocally inhibits nitric oxide formation and promoting oxidative stress. A chain of evidence suggest that arginase is implicated in the pathogenesis underlying endothelial dysfunction induced by several cardiovascular risk factors and established cardiovascular disease including diabetes, hypercholesteremia, ischemia/reperfusion, atherosclerosis, obesity, ageing and hypertension. Recent data has unveiled a key role of arginase as one of the key mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in previously overlooked compartments including red blood cells. The current review is devoted to discuss arginase as a key mediator in endothelial dysfunction and the potential for therapeutic possibilities to target this enzyme in various diseases, especially type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and ischemia/reperfusion with focus on translational and clinical aspects. Moreover, approaches of how and in which patient group(s) arginase may be targeted in future clinical trials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahdi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oskar Kövamees
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Heart and Vascular Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Heart and Vascular Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Adefegha SA, Oboh G, Iyoha AE, Oyagbemi AA. Comparative effects of horseradish (Moringa oleifera) leaves and seeds on blood pressure and crucial enzymes relevant to hypertension in rat. PHARMANUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2019.100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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L-arginine and Arginase Products Potentiate Dexmedetomidine-induced Contractions in the Rat Aorta. Anesthesiology 2019; 128:564-573. [PMID: 29251642 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The α2-adrenergic sedative/anesthetic agent dexmedetomidine exerts biphasic effects on isolated arteries, causing endothelium-dependent relaxations at concentrations at or below 30 nM, followed by contractions at higher concentrations. L-arginine is a common substrate of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and arginases. This study was designed to investigate the role of L-arginine in modulating the overall vascular response to dexmedetomidine. METHODS Isometric tension was measured in isolated aortic rings of Sprague Dawley rats. Cumulative concentrations of dexmedetomidine (10 nM to 10 μM) were added to quiescent rings (with and without endothelium) after previous incubation with vehicle, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), prazosin (α1-adrenergic antagonist), rauwolscine (α2-adrenergic antagonist), L-arginine, (S)-(2-boronethyl)-L-cysteine hydrochloride (arginase inhibitor), N-hydroxy-L-arginine (arginase inhibitor), urea and/or ornithine. In some preparations, immunofluorescent staining, immunoblotting, or measurement of urea content were performed. RESULTS Dexmedetomidine did not contract control rings with endothelium but evoked concentration-dependent increases in tension in such rings treated with L-NAME (Emax 50 ± 4%) or after endothelium-removal (Emax 74 ± 5%; N = 7 to 12). Exogenous L-arginine augmented the dexmedetomidine-induced contractions in the presence of L-NAME (Emax 75 ± 3%). This potentiation was abolished by (S)-(2-boronethyl)-L-cysteine hydrochloride (Emax 16 ± 4%) and N-hydroxy-L-arginine (Emax 18 ± 4%). Either urea or ornithine, the downstream arginase products, had a similar potentiating effect as L-arginine. Immunoassay measurements demonstrated an upregulation of arginase I by L-arginine treatment in the presence of L-NAME (N = 4). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that when vascular nitric oxide homeostasis is impaired, the potentiation of the vasoconstrictor effect of dexmedetomidine by L-arginine depends on arginase activity and the production of urea and ornithine.
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Arginase II activity regulates cytosolic Ca 2+ level in a p32-dependent manner that contributes to Ca 2+-dependent vasoconstriction in native low-density lipoprotein-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 31155612 PMCID: PMC6545325 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although arginase II (ArgII) is abundant in mitochondria, Ca2+-accumulating organelles, the relationship between ArgII activity and Ca2+ translocation into mitochondria and the regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ signaling are completely unknown. We investigated the effects of ArgII activity on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake through mitochondrial p32 protein (p32m) and on CaMKII-dependent vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction. Native low-density lipoprotein stimulation induced an increase in [Ca2+]m as measured by CoCl2-quenched calcein-AM fluorescence, which was prevented by Arg inhibition in hAoSMCs and reduced in mAoSMCs from ArgII−/− mice. Conversely, [Ca2+]c analyzed with Fluo-4 AM was increased by Arg inhibition and ArgII gene knockout. The increased [Ca2+]c resulted in CaMKII and MLC 20 phosphorylation, which was associated with enhanced vasoconstriction activity to phenylephrine (PE) in the vascular tension assay. Cy5-tagged siRNA against mitochondrial p32 mRNA (sip32m) abolished mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and induced activation of CaMKII. Spermine, a polyamine, induced mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and dephosphorylation of CaMKII and was completely inhibited by sip32m incubation. In mAoSMCs from ApoE-null mice fed a high-cholesterol diet (ApoE−/− +HCD), Arg activity was increased, and spermine concentration was higher than that of wild-type mice. Furthermore, [Ca2+]m and p32m levels were elevated, and CaMKII phosphorylation was reduced in mAoSMCs from ApoE−/− +HCD. In vascular tension experiments, an attenuated response to vasoconstrictors in de-endothelialized aorta from ApoE−/− +HCD was recovered by incubation of sip32m. ArgII activity-dependent production of spermine augments Ca2+ transition from the cytosol to the mitochondria in a p32m-dependent manner and regulates CaMKII-dependent constriction in VSMCs. Researchers have illuminated how a protein, arginase II (ArgII), is involved in development of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, or narrowing of the arteries by plaque deposits. Blood vessel diameter is regulated by layers of muscle; the balance between constriction and relaxation is critical for blood flow and vascular health. Increased ArgII is known to be a factor in arterial disease; however, the details of regulation, and how they relate to plaque deposition, remain poorly understood. Sungwoo Ryoo at Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea and co-workers investigated how ArgII levels affect arterial constriction and relaxation in mice. Decreasing ArgII restored the muscle cells’ contraction response by preventing excessive calcium accumulation in the cellular powerhouse, mitochondria. These results may aid in developing treatments for one of the leading causes of death worldwide.
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Ryu Y, Kee HJ, Sun S, Seok YM, Choi SY, Kim GR, Kee SJ, Pflieger M, Kurz T, Kim HS, Jeong MH. Class I histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 attenuates vasoconstriction and inflammation in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213186. [PMID: 30830950 PMCID: PMC6398866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are known to improve hypertension. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect and regulatory mechanism of the class I HDAC selective inhibitors, MS-275 and RGFP966, in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertensive mice. Methods and results MS-275 inhibited the activity of HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, while RGFP966 weakly inhibited that of HDAC3 in a cell-free system. MS-275 and RGFP966 treatment reduced systolic blood pressure and thickness of the aorta wall in Ang II-induced hypertensive mice. MS-275 treatment reduced aorta collagen deposition, as determined by Masson’s trichrome staining. MS-275 decreased the components of the renin angiotensin system and increased vascular relaxation of rat aortic rings via the nitric oxide (NO) pathway. NO levels reduced by Ang II were restored by MS-275 treatment in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, MS-275 dose (3 mg·kg-1·day-1) was not enough to induce NO production in vivo. In addition, MS-275 did not prevent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling in the aorta of Ang II-induced mice. Treatment with MS-275 failed to inhibit Ang II-induced expression of NADPH oxidase (Nox)1, Nox2, and p47phox. MS-275 treatment reduced proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, as well as adhesion molecules. Histological analysis showed that Ang II-induced macrophage infiltration was reduced by MS-275 and RGFP966 administration. Conclusions Our results indicate that class I HDAC selective inhibitors may be good therapeutic agents for the treatment of hypertension through the regulation of vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction, as well as inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhee Ryu
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Simei Sun
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Molecular Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lincheng New District Zhoushan Zhejiang, China
| | - Young Mi Seok
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Young Choi
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Molecular Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Ran Kim
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Kee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Marc Pflieger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr, 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr, 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forsensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Hu L, Xu B, Wang Y, Wang M, Wang H. Influence of arginine on enzymes related to arginine metabolism in bovine mammary epithelial cells in vitro. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2017-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mammary epithelial cells were used to evaluate the effects of different levels of Arginine (Arg) on enzymes related to Arg metabolism. A series of seven Arg concentrations in the medium as treatments were T0 (0.00 mg L−1) as control group, and T0.25 (69.50 mg L−1), T0.5 (139.00 mg L−1), T1 (278.00 mg L−1), T2 (556.00 mg L−1), T4 (1112.00 mg L−1), and T8 (2224.00 mg L−1) as experiment groups, respectively. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis showed that the nitric oxide concentration, the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in mRNA, and enzyme level were all increased in response to enhanced Arg doses such that the T8 was the greatest group (P < 0.05). Four-fold Arg concentration improved gene expression and synthesis of arginase which then deceased when excessive Arg was supplied (P < 0.05). The expressions of ornithine aminotransferase mRNA and enzyme in T1 and T2 groups were significantly greater than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Two-fold Arg was the optimum level for ornithine decarboxylase gene expression and enzyme synthesis among all seven treatments (P < 0.05). These somewhat various effects of Arg concentrations on four kinds of enzymes in different Arg metabolic pathways suggest that Arg might participate in regulating bovine mammary physiological function with an optimum concentration by influencing the enzymes in related metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Hu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bolin Xu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China
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Moretto J, Girard C, Demougeot C. The role of arginase in aging: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2019; 116:54-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ajiboye BO, Akalabu MC, Ojo OA, Afolabi OB, Okesola MA, Olayide I, Oyinloye BE. Inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate fraction of
Solanum macrocarpon
L. leaves on cholinergic, monoaminergic, and purinergic enzyme activities. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Maureen Chidima Akalabu
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Mary Abiola Okesola
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Israel Olayide
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Nutraceutical and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado‐Ekiti Nigeria
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Krause BJ, Casanello P, Dias AC, Arias P, Velarde V, Arenas GA, Preite MD, Iturriaga R. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Rats is Reverted by N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation and Arginase Inhibition. Front Physiol 2018; 9:901. [PMID: 30087615 PMCID: PMC6066978 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main attribute of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), produces oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in controlling the vasomotor tone. The NO level depends on the L-arginine level, which can be reduced by arginase enzymatic activity, and its reaction with the superoxide radical to produce peroxynitrite. Accordingly, we hypothesized whether a combination of an arginase inhibitor and an antioxidant may restore the endothelial function and reduced arterial blood pressure (BP) in CIH-induced hypertensive rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats 200 g were exposed either to CIH (5% O2, 12 times/h 8 h/day) or sham condition for 35 days. BP was continuously measured by radio-telemetry in conscious animals. After 14 days, rats were treated with 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid (ABH 400 μg/kg day, osmotic pump), N-acetylcysteine (NAC 100 mg/kg day, drinking water), or the combination of both drugs until day 35. At the end of the experiments, external carotid and femoral arteries were isolated to determine vasoactive contractile responses induced by KCL and acetylcholine (ACh) with wire-myography. CIH-induced hypertension (~8 mmHg) was reverted by ABH, NAC, and ABH/NAC administration. Carotid arteries from CIH-treated rats showed higher contraction induced by KCl (3.4 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 N/m2) and diminished vasorelaxation elicits by ACh compared to sham rats (12.8 ± 1.5 vs. 30.5 ± 4.6%). ABH reverted the increased contraction (2.5 ± 0.2 N/m2) and the reduced vasorelaxation induced by ACh in carotid arteries from CIH-rats (38.1 ± 4.9%). However, NAC failed to revert the enhanced vasocontraction (3.9 ± 0.6 N/m2) induced by KCl and the diminished ACh-induced vasorelaxation in carotid arteries (10.7 ± 0.8%). Femoral arteries from CIH rats showed an increased contractile response, an effect partially reverted by ABH, but completely reverted by NAC and ABH/NAC. The impaired endothelial-dependent relaxation in femoral arteries from CIH rats was reverted by ABH and ABH/NAC. In addition, ABH/NAC at high doses had no effect on liver and kidney gross morphology and biochemical parameters. Thus, although ABH, and NAC alone and the combination of ABH/NAC were able to normalize the elevated BP, only the combined treatment of ABH/NAC normalized the vascular reactivity and the systemic oxidative stress in CIH-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo J Krause
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Casanello
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana C Dias
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Arias
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Velarde
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German A Arenas
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo D Preite
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Iturriaga
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Grandvuillemin I, Buffat C, Boubred F, Lamy E, Fromonot J, Charpiot P, Simoncini S, Sabatier F, Dignat-George F, Peyter AC, Simeoni U, Yzydorczyk C. Arginase upregulation and eNOS uncoupling contribute to impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R509-R520. [PMID: 29741931 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00354.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Individuals born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, notably hypertension (HTN). Alterations in the vascular system, particularly impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, may play an important role in long-term effects of IUGR. Whether such vascular dysfunction precedes HTN has not been fully established in individuals born after IUGR. Moreover, the intimate mechanisms of altered endothelium-dependent vasodilation remain incompletely elucidated. We therefore investigated, using a rat model of IUGR, whether impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation precedes the development of HTN and whether key components of the l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway are involved in its pathogenesis. Pregnant rats were fed with a control (CTRL, 23% casein) or low-protein diet (LPD, 9% casein) to induce IUGR. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography in 5- and 8-wk-old male offspring. Aortic rings were isolated to investigate relaxation to acetylcholine, NO production, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein content, arginase activity, and superoxide anion production. SBP was not different at 5 wk but significantly increased in 8-wk-old offspring of maternal LPD (LP) versus CTRL offspring. In 5-wk-old LP versus CTRL males, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was significantly impaired but restored by preincubation with l-arginine or the arginase inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine; NO production was significantly reduced but restored by l-arginine pretreatment; total eNOS protein, dimer-to-monomer ratio, and arginase activity were significantly increased; superoxide anion production was significantly enhanced but normalized by pretreatment with the NO synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine. In this model, IUGR leads to early-impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, resulting from arginase upregulation and eNOS uncoupling, which precedes the development of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Grandvuillemin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Neonatology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Buffat
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales, Emergentes, Laboratory of Biochimical and Molecular Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, CHU la Conception, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Farid Boubred
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Neonatology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Edouard Lamy
- CNRS, Inst Movement Sci (ISM); Service Central de la Qualité et de l'Information Pharmaceutiques, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Fromonot
- UMR MD2 and Institute of Biological Research French Defense Ministry (IRBA), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Charpiot
- CNRS, Inst Movement Sci (ISM); Service Central de la Qualité et de l'Information Pharmaceutiques, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Stephanie Simoncini
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Christine Peyter
- Neonatal Research Laboratory, Clinic of Neonatology, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Umberto Simeoni
- Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Laboratory, Division of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Yzydorczyk
- Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Laboratory, Division of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Agunloye OM, Oboh G. Caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid: Evaluation of antioxidant effect and inhibition of key enzymes linked with hypertension. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odunayo Michael Agunloye
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology, Akure; Akure Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology, Akure; Akure Nigeria
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Abdelkawy KS, Lack K, Elbarbry F. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Promising Arginase Inhibitors. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 42:355-370. [PMID: 27734327 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Up-regulation of arginase activity in several chronic disease conditions, including cancer and hypertension, may suggest new targets for treatment. Recently, the number of new arginase inhibitors with promising therapeutic effects for asthma, cancer, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and erectile dysfunction has shown a remarkable increase. Arginase inhibitors may be chemical substances, such as boron-based amino acid derivatives, α-difluoromethylornithine (DMFO), and Nω-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor-NOHA) or, of plant origin such as sauchinone, salvianolic acid B (SAB), piceatannol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG) and obacunone. Despite their promising therapeutic potential, little is known about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of some of these agents. Several studies were conducted in different animal species and in vitro systems and reported significant differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of arginase inhibitors. Therefore, extra caution should be considered before extrapolating these studies to human. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles of some effective arginase inhibitors make it challenging to formulate stable and effective formulation. In this article, existing literature on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of arginase inhibitors were reviewed and compared together with emphasis on possible drug interactions and solutions to overcome pharmacokinetics challenges and shortage of arginase inhibitors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey Lack
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, 222 SE 8th Ave., Hillsboro, OR, 97123, USA
| | - Fawzy Elbarbry
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, 222 SE 8th Ave., Hillsboro, OR, 97123, USA.
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Oyeleye SI, Adebayo AA, Ogunsuyi OB, Dada FA, Oboh G. Phenolic profile and Enzyme Inhibitory activities of Almond (Terminalia catappa) leaf and Stem bark. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1375945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunday I. Oyeleye
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Adeniyi A. Adebayo
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Felix A. Dada
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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29
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Togliatto G, Lombardo G, Brizzi MF. The Future Challenge of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Hypertension: From Bench to Bed Side. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091988. [PMID: 28914782 PMCID: PMC5618637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules that control physiological processes, including cell adaptation to stress. Redox signaling via ROS has quite recently become the focus of much attention in numerous pathological contexts, including neurodegenerative diseases, kidney and cardiovascular disease. Imbalance in ROS formation and degradation has also been implicated in essential hypertension. Essential hypertension is characterized by multiple genetic and environmental factors which do not completely explain its associated risk factors. Thereby, even if advances in therapy have led to a significant reduction in hypertension-associated complications, to interfere with the unbalance of redox signals might represent an additional therapeutic challenge. The decrease of nitric oxide (NO) levels, the antioxidant activity commonly found in preclinical models of hypertension and the ability of antioxidant approaches to reduce ROS levels have spurred clinicians to investigate the contribution of ROS in humans. Indeed, particular effort has recently been devoted to understanding how redox signaling may contribute to vascular pathobiology in human hypertension. However, although biomarkers of oxidative stress have been found to positively correlate with blood pressure in preclinical model of hypertension, human data are less convincing. We herein provide an overview of the most relevant mechanisms via which oxidative stress might contribute to the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Moreover, alternative approaches, which are directed towards improving antioxidant machinery and/or interfering with ROS production, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Togliatto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Giusy Lombardo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Xiong Y, Yepuri G, Necetin S, Montani JP, Ming XF, Yang Z. Arginase-II Promotes Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Release From Pancreatic Acinar Cells Causing β-Cell Apoptosis in Aging. Diabetes 2017; 66:1636-1649. [PMID: 28356309 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with glucose intolerance. Arginase-II (Arg-II), the type-II L-arginine-ureahydrolase, is highly expressed in pancreas. However, its role in regulation of pancreatic β-cell function is not known. Here we show that female (not male) mice deficient in Arg-II (Arg-II-/-) are protected from age-associated glucose intolerance and reveal greater glucose induced-insulin release, larger islet size and β-cell mass, and more proliferative and less apoptotic β-cells compared with the age-matched wild-type (WT) controls. Moreover, Arg-II is mainly expressed in acinar cells and is upregulated with aging, which enhances p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation and release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Accordingly, conditioned medium of isolated acinar cells from old WT (not Arg-II-/-) mice contains higher TNF-α levels than the young mice and stimulates β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction, which are prevented by a neutralizing anti-TNF-α antibody. In acinar cells, our study demonstrates an age-associated Arg-II upregulation, which promotes TNF-α release through p38 MAPK leading to β-cell apoptosis, insufficient insulin secretion, and glucose intolerance in female rather than male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Xiong
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Kidney Control of Homeostasis, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gautham Yepuri
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sevil Necetin
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Kidney Control of Homeostasis, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiu-Fen Ming
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Kidney Control of Homeostasis, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Kidney Control of Homeostasis, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Wheeler AR, Kendrick DE, Allemang MT, Gosling AF, Kim AH, Hausladen A, Kashyap VS. Endothelial Function Is Preserved in Veins Harvested by Either Endoscopic or Surgical Techniques. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 44:317-324. [PMID: 28495542 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic vein harvest for lower extremity arterial bypass grafting has been questioned due to concern for endothelial damage during procurement. We sought to compare nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelial-dependent relaxation (EDR) in vein segments harvested using open surgical techniques (OH) versus endoscopic vein harvest (EH) techniques. METHODS Saphenous vein segments were harvested for lower extremity bypass, and a single, minimally handled section of saphenous vein, free of branches, was taken from the end of the graft. Four 4-mm venous ring segments were then cut and mounted on force transducers. Segments were mounted in 37° oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit solution and maximally contracted using KCl. Individual ring segments that did not react to KCl were excluded from the study. Norepinephrine (NE) was used to achieve submaximal contraction. EDR was determined using increasing concentrations of bradykinin (BDK). Endothelial-independent relaxation (EIR) was confirmed using sodium nitroprusside. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze differences between harvest techniques across BDK concentration and a Student's t-test was used to analyze single comparisons. RESULTS Vein segments harvested from patients (n = 13) led to 28 viable rings that exhibited a positive reaction to KCl (11 rings; 5 patients EH vs. 17 rings; 8 patients OH). Both vein groups achieved moderate relaxation to maximal BDK concentration, [10-6 M]; (49.5% EH vs. 40.55% OH, P = 0.270). Analysis by 2-way ANOVA for mean % relaxation for BDK concentration [10-11-10-6 M] showed improved EDR in EH samples compared with OH (P = 0.029). Mean nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)) tissue bath concentration measurements post-BDK were 139.8 nM (EH) vs. 97.2 nM (OH; P = 0.264). Histology and positive factor VIII immunohistochemistry staining provided evidence for the presence of intact endothelium in our sample segments. EIR was preserved and was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial function is preserved when utilizing endoscopic harvesting techniques. The advantages of minimally invasive vein procurement for lower extremity bypass can be obtained without concern for damaging venous endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Wheeler
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Matt T Allemang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH
| | - Andre F Gosling
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ann H Kim
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH
| | - Alfred Hausladen
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Vikram S Kashyap
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH.
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Monnier A, Prigent-Tessier A, Quirié A, Bertrand N, Savary S, Gondcaille C, Garnier P, Demougeot C, Marie C. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor of the cerebral microvasculature: a forgotten and nitric oxide-dependent contributor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the brain. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:790-802. [PMID: 27364224 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin largely involved in cognition, is expressed by cerebral endothelial cells led us to explore in rats the contribution of the cerebral microvasculature to BDNF found in brain tissue and the link between cerebrovascular nitric oxide (NO) and BDNF production. METHODS Brain BDNF protein levels were measured before and after in situ removal of the cerebral endothelium that was achieved by brain perfusion with a 0.2% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulphonate) solution. BDNF protein and mRNA levels as well as levels of endothelial NO synthase phosphorylated at serine 1177 (P-eNOSser1177 ) were measured in cerebral microvessel-enriched fractions. These fractions were also exposed to glycerol trinitrate. Hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive rats) and physical exercise training were used as experimental approaches to modulate cerebrovascular endothelial NO production. RESULTS CHAPS perfusion resulted in a marked decrease in brain BDNF levels. Hypertension decreased and exercise increased P-eNOSser1177 and BDNF protein levels. However, BDNF mRNA levels that were increased by exercise did not change after hypertension. Finally, in vitro exposure of cerebral microvessel-enriched fractions to glycerol trinitrate enhanced BDNF production. CONCLUSION These data reveal that BDNF levels measured in brain homogenates correspond for a large part to BDNF present in cerebral endothelial cells and that cerebrovascular BDNF production is dependent on cerebrovascular endothelial eNOS activity. They provide a paradigm shift in the cellular source of brain BDNF and suggest a new approach to improve our understanding of the link between endothelial function and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Monnier
- INSERM U1093 Cognition; Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
- Department of Rehabilitation; CHRU Dijon; Dijon France
| | - A. Prigent-Tessier
- INSERM U1093 Cognition; Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - A. Quirié
- INSERM U1093 Cognition; Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - N. Bertrand
- Département Génie Biologique; IUT; Dijon France
| | - S. Savary
- Département Génie Biologique; IUT; Dijon France
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL; EA 7270; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - C. Gondcaille
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL; EA 7270; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - P. Garnier
- INSERM U1093 Cognition; Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
- Département Génie Biologique; IUT; Dijon France
| | - C. Demougeot
- EA 4267 FDE; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Besançon France
| | - C. Marie
- INSERM U1093 Cognition; Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
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Effect of short-term exercise training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2017; 35:279-290. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Moretto J, Guglielmetti AS, Tournier-Nappey M, Martin H, Prigent-Tessier A, Marie C, Demougeot C. Effects of a chronic l-arginine supplementation on the arginase pathway in aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2017; 90:52-60. [PMID: 28132871 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
While ageing is frequently associated with l-arginine deficiency, clinical and experimental studies provided controversial data on the interest of a chronic l-arginine supplementation with beneficial, no or even deleterious effects. It was hypothesized that these discrepancies might relate to a deviation of l-arginine metabolism towards production of l-ornithine rather than nitric oxide as a result of age-induced increase in arginase activity. This study investigated the effect of ageing on arginase activity/expression in target tissues and determined whether l-arginine supplementation modulated the effect of ageing on arginase activity. Arginase activity and expression were measured in the heart, vessel, brain, lung, kidney and liver in young rats (3-months old) and aged Wistar rats (22-24-months-old) with or without l-arginine supplementation (2.25% in drinking water for 6weeks). Plasma levels of l-arginine and l-ornithine were quantified in order to calculate the plasma l-arginine/l-ornithine ratio, considered as a reflection of arginase activity. Cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, heart rate) and aortic vascular reactivity were also studied. Ageing dramatically reduced plasma l-arginine and l-arginine/l-ornithine ratio, decreased liver and kidney arginase activities but did not change activities in other tissues. l-Arginine supplementation normalized plasma l-arginine and l-arginine/l-ornithine ratio, improved endothelial function and decreased systolic blood pressure. These effects were associated with decreased arginase activity in aorta along with no change in the other tissues except in the lung in which activity was increased. A strong mismatch was therefore observed between arginase activity and expression in analyzed tissues. The present study reveals that ageing selectively changes arginase activity in clearance tissues, but does not support a role of the arginase pathway in the potential deleterious effect of the l-arginine supplementation in aged patients. Moreover, our data argue against the use of the measurement of plasma l-arginine/l-ornithine ratio to estimate arginase activity in aged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Moretto
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | | | - Maude Tournier-Nappey
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Hélène Martin
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | | | - Christine Marie
- INSERM U1093, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA4267, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France.
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Perrin-Sarrado C, Pongas M, Dahboul F, Leroy P, Pompella A, Lartaud I. Reduced Activity of the Aortic Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Does Not Decrease S-Nitrosoglutathione Induced Vasorelaxation of Rat Aortic Rings. Front Physiol 2017; 7:630. [PMID: 28066263 PMCID: PMC5168561 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), an enzyme present on the endothelium, is involved in the release of nitric oxide (NO) from S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and in the GSNO-induced vasodilation. Endogenous GSNO is a physiological storage form of NO in tissues while exogenous GSNO is an interesting candidate for compensating for the decreased NO bioavailability occurring during cardiovascular diseases. We investigated in a rat model of human hypertension, the spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR), submitted or not to high salt diet, whether a decreased vascular GGT activity modifies the vasorelaxant effect of GSNO. Methods: Thoracic aortic rings isolated from male SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) aged 20–22 weeks—submitted or not for 8 weeks to a high salt diet (1% w/v NaCl in drinking water) were pre-constricted with phenylephrine then submitted to concentration-vasorelaxant response curves (maximal response: Emax; pD2) to carbachol or sodium nitroprusside to evaluate endothelial dependent or independent NO-induced vasodilation, or GSNO (exogenous NO vasodilation depending from the endothelial GGT activity). GGT activity was measured using a chromogenic substrate in aortic homogenates. Its role in GSNO-induced relaxation was assessed following inhibition of the enzyme activity (serine-borate complex). That of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), another redox sensitive enzyme involved in GSNO metabolism, was assessed following inhibition with bacitracin. Results: Aortic GGT activity (18–23 μmol/min/mg of tissue in adult WKY) decreased by 33% in SHR and 45% in SHR with high salt diet. Emax and pD2 for sodium nitroprusside were similar in all groups. Emax for carbachol decreased by −14%, reflecting slight endothelial NO-dependent dysfunction. The GSNO curve was slightly shifted to the left in SHR and in SHR with high salt diet, showing a small enhanced sensitivity to GSNO. Involvements of GGT, as that of PDI, in the GSNO effects were similar in all groups (pD2 for GSNO −0.5 to −1.5 following enzymatic inhibition). Conclusion: Hypertension is associated with a decreased aortic GGT activity without decreasing the vasorelaxant effects of GSNO, whose bioactivity may be supplemented through the alternative enzymatic activity of PDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Perrin-Sarrado
- EA3452 CITHEFOR "Drug Targets, Formulation and Preclinical Assessment", Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine Nancy, France
| | - Marios Pongas
- EA3452 CITHEFOR "Drug Targets, Formulation and Preclinical Assessment", Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine Nancy, France
| | - Fatima Dahboul
- EA3452 CITHEFOR "Drug Targets, Formulation and Preclinical Assessment", Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Leroy
- EA3452 CITHEFOR "Drug Targets, Formulation and Preclinical Assessment", Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine Nancy, France
| | - Alfonso Pompella
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa Medical School Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabelle Lartaud
- EA3452 CITHEFOR "Drug Targets, Formulation and Preclinical Assessment", Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine Nancy, France
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Nguyen MC, Park JT, Jeon YG, Jeon BH, Hoe KL, Kim YM, Lim HK, Ryoo S. Arginase Inhibition Restores Peroxynitrite-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction via L-Arginine-Dependent Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Phosphorylation. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:1329-38. [PMID: 27593859 PMCID: PMC5011263 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.6.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Peroxynitrite plays a critical role in vascular pathophysiology by increasing arginase activity and decreasing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate whether arginase inhibition and L-arginine supplement could restore peroxynitrite-induced endothelial dysfunction and determine the involved mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with SIN-1, a peroxynitrite generator, and arginase activity, nitrite/nitrate production, and expression levels of proteins were measured. eNOS activation was evaluated via Western blot and dimer blot analysis. We also tested nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and performed a vascular tension assay. RESULTS SIN-1 treatment increased arginase activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner and reciprocally decreased nitrite/nitrate production that was prevented by peroxynitrite scavenger in HUVECs. Furthermore, SIN-1 induced an increase in the expression level of arginase I and II, though not in eNOS protein. The decreased eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and the increased at Thr495 by SIN-1 were restored with arginase inhibitor and L-arginine. The changed eNOS phosphorylation was consistent in the stability of eNOS dimers. SIN-1 decreased NO production and increased ROS generation in the aortic endothelium, all of which was reversed by arginase inhibitor or L-arginine. N(G)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) prevented SIN-1-induced ROS generation. In the vascular tension assay, SIN-1 enhanced vasoconstrictor responses to U46619 and attenuated vasorelaxant responses to acetylcholine that were reversed by arginase inhibition. CONCLUSION These findings may explain the beneficial effect of arginase inhibition and L-arginine supplement on endothelial dysfunction under redox imbalance-dependent pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Cong Nguyen
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jong Taek Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Yeong Gwan Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Infectious Signaling Network Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwang Lae Hoe
- Department of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyo Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.
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Tom ENL, Girard-Thernier C, Demougeot C. The Janus face of chlorogenic acid on vascular reactivity: A study on rat isolated vessels. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1037-1042. [PMID: 27444349 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorogenic acid (CGA), the main polyphenol contained in coffee, is a major contributor to dietary polyphenol intake. Few studies reported its anti-hypertensive properties but the mechanisms are still indefinite. PURPOSE The present study assessed the direct effect of CGA in endothelium denuded or intact aortic rings from male Wistar rats and the mechanisms involved. METHODS/RESULTS CGA induced a direct endothelium-dependent relaxation that was significantly reduced by L-NAME (10(-4)M), indomethacin (10(-5)M) and combination of apamin (10(-7)M) and charybdotoxin (10(-7)M). Incubation of rings with CGA induced a dual effect on agonist-induced vasorelaxation. At 10(-6)M, it enhanced the relaxant effects of acetylcholine and reduced the contracting effects of phenylephrine due to increased basal and stimulated NOS activity, respectively. At 10(-4)M, CGA blunted acetylcholine and bradykinin-induced vasorelaxation, reduced phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction but did not change the response to sodium nitroprusside, a NO-donor. CONCLUSION In summary, CGA induces a direct endothelium-dependent vasodilation by increasing NOS, COX and EDHF signalling pathways. However, this new pharmacological action that can explain some positive effects of CGA in case of hypertension has to be modulated at the light of its deleterious impact on vascular relaxation at high concentrations and incite to be cautious when using high doses of CGA in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ngo Lemba Tom
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, B.P. 47 Yaoundé, Cameroun ; EA 4267 « Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales », UFR Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, bâtiment S, F-25030 Besancon, France
| | - Corine Girard-Thernier
- EA 4267 « Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales », UFR Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, bâtiment S, F-25030 Besancon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- EA 4267 « Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales », UFR Sciences Médicales et Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, bâtiment S, F-25030 Besancon, France.
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Forte M, Conti V, Damato A, Ambrosio M, Puca AA, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Vecchione C, Carrizzo A. Targeting Nitric Oxide with Natural Derived Compounds as a Therapeutic Strategy in Vascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:7364138. [PMID: 27651855 PMCID: PMC5019908 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7364138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the family of endogenous gasotransmitters, nitric oxide (NO) is the smallest gaseous intercellular messenger involved in the modulation of several processes, such as blood flow and platelet aggregation control, essential to maintain vascular homeostasis. NO is produced by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and its effects are mediated by cGMP-dependent or cGMP-independent mechanisms. Growing evidence suggests a crosstalk between the NO signaling and the occurrence of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of vascular diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure, ischemia, and stroke. For these reasons, NO is considered as an emerging molecular target for developing therapeutic strategies for cardio- and cerebrovascular pathologies. Several natural derived compounds, such as polyphenols, are now proposed as modulators of NO-mediated pathways. The aim of this review is to highlight the experimental evidence on the involvement of nitric oxide in vascular homeostasis focusing on the therapeutic potential of targeting NO with some natural compounds in patients with vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Conti
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Antonio Damato
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Annibale A. Puca
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
- IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- IRCCS Neuromed, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, Pozzilli, Italy
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Lee J, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Altered Nitric Oxide System in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases. Chonnam Med J 2016; 52:81-90. [PMID: 27231671 PMCID: PMC4880583 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2016.52.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by a family of NO synthases (NOS), including neuronal, inducible, and endothelial NOS (n/i/eNOS). NO-mediated effects can be beneficial or harmful depending on the specific risk factors affecting the disease. In hypertension, the vascular relaxation response to acetylcholine is blunted, and that to direct NO donors is maintained. A reduction in the activity of eNOS is mainly responsible for the elevation of blood pressure, and an abnormal expression of iNOS is likely to be related to the progression of vascular dysfunction. While eNOS/nNOS-derived NO is protective against the development of atherosclerosis, iNOS-derived NO may be proatherogenic. eNOS-derived NO may prevent the progression of myocardial infarction. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is significantly enhanced in eNOS-deficient animals. An important component of heart failure is the loss of coronary vascular eNOS activity. A pressure-overload may cause severer left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in eNOS null mice than in wild-type mice. iNOS-derived NO has detrimental effects on the myocardium. NO plays an important role in regulating the angiogenesis and slowing the interstitial fibrosis of the obstructed kidney. In unilateral ureteral obstruction, the expression of eNOS was decreased in the affected kidney. In triply n/i/eNOS null mice, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus developed along with reduced aquaporin-2 abundance. In chronic kidney disease model of subtotal-nephrectomized rats, treatment with NOS inhibitors decreased systemic NO production and induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction (renocardiac syndrome).
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Affiliation(s)
- JongUn Lee
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Krause BJ, Del Rio R, Moya EA, Marquez-Gutierrez M, Casanello P, Iturriaga R. Arginase-endothelial nitric oxide synthase imbalance contributes to endothelial dysfunction during chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Hypertens 2016; 33:515-24; discussion 524. [PMID: 25629363 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main feature of obstructive sleep apnoea, is associated with impaired vascular function despite unaltered response to nitric oxide donors. This study addressed whether arginase contributes to the endothelial dysfunction in CIH rats. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 21 days to CIH (5% oxygen, 12 times/h, 8 h/day). The internal carotid arteries were isolated to study endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and arginase-1 levels by western blot and immunohistochemistry, and their vasoactive responses using wire myography. Relaxation to sodium nitroprusside (SNP; nitric oxide donor) in the presence or absence of soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and acetylcholine with and without a NOS inhibitor [N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA)] and the arginase inhibitor BEC were determined. RESULTS Arteries from the CIH rats presented higher active contraction induced by KCl (3.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 N/m2), augmented media-to-lumen ratio (∼40%), decreased relaxation to acetylcholine (12.8 ± 1.5 vs. 30.5 ± 4.6%) and increased sensitivity to SNP (pD2 7.3 ± 0.1 vs. 6.7 ± 0.1). Arginase inhibition reversed the impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation in CIH arteries (49.5 ± 7.4%), an effect completely blocked by L-NA. In the carotid arteries, arginase-1 protein level was increased, whereas eNOS levels decreased in the CIH arteries. CONCLUSION The current results suggest that endothelial dysfunction in CIH-induced hypertension may result from imbalanced arginase-1 to eNOS expression, vascular remodelling and increased contractile capacity, rather than decreased vascular response to nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo J Krause
- aDivision of Obstetrics and Gynaecology bDivision of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine cLaboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile dLaboratory of Cardiorespiratory Control, Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Manuel Moreno J, Jimenez R, Quesada A, Montoro-Molina S, Vargas-Tendero P, Wangensteen R, Vargas F. Effects of Arginase Inhibition in Hypertensive Hyperthyroid Rats. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:1464-72. [PMID: 25907224 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the effects of chronic administration of N[omega]-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (nor-NOHA), an inhibitor of arginase, on the hemodynamic, oxidative stress, morphologic, metabolic, and renal manifestations of hyperthyroidism in rats. METHODS Four groups of male Wistar rats were used: control, nor-NOHA-treated (10 mg/kg/day), thyroxine (T4)-treated (75 μg/rat/day), and thyroxine- plus nor-NOHA-treated rats. All treatments were maintained for 4 weeks. Body weight, tail systolic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded weekly. Finally, morphologic, metabolic, plasma, and renal variables were measured. Arginase I and II protein abundance and arginase activity were measured in aorta, heart, and kidney. RESULTS The T4 group showed increased arginase I and II protein abundance, arginase activity, SBP, HR, plasma nitrates/nitrites (NOx), brainstem and urinary isoprostanes, proteinuria and cardiac and renal hypertrophy in comparison to control rats. In hyperthyroid rats, chronic nor-NOHA prevented the increase in SBP and HR and decreased proteinuria in association with an increase in plasma NOx and a decrease in brainstem and urinary isoprostanes. In normal rats, nor-NOHA treatment did not significantly change any hemodynamic, morphologic, or renal variables. Acute nor-NOHA administration did not affect renal or systemic hemodynamic variables in normal or T4-treated rats. CONCLUSION Hyperthyroidism in rats is associated with the increased expression and activity of arginase in aorta, heart, and kidney. Chronic arginase inhibition with nor-NOHA suppresses the characteristic hemodynamic manifestations of hyperthyroidism in association with a reduced oxidative stress. These results indicate an important role for arginase pathway alterations in the cardiovascular and renal abnormalities of hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Rodríguez-Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosario Jimenez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrés Quesada
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Sebastian Montoro-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pablo Vargas-Tendero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosemary Wangensteen
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Félix Vargas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada. Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain;
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Krause BJ, Hernandez C, Caniuguir A, Vasquez-Devaud P, Carrasco-Wong I, Uauy R, Casanello P. Arginase-2 is cooperatively up-regulated by nitric oxide and histone deacetylase inhibition in human umbilical artery endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 99:53-9. [PMID: 26551598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Arginase-2 counteracts endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in human endothelium, and its expression is negatively controlled by histone deacetylase (HDAC2). Conversely NO inhibits HDAC and previous studies suggest that arginase-2 is up-regulated by NO. We studied whether NO regulates arginase-2 expression in umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) increasing ARG2 promoter accessibility. HUAEC exposed to NOC-18 (NO donor, 1-100 μM, 0-24 h) showed an increase in arginase-2 but a decrease in eNOS mRNA levels in a time-dependent manner, with a maximal effect at 100 μM (24 h). Conversely NOS inhibition with L-NAME (100 μM) reduced arginase-2 mRNA and protein levels, an effect reverted by co-incubation with NOC-18. Treatment with TSA paralleled the effects of NO on arginase-2 and eNOS at mRNA and protein levels, with maximal effect at 10 μM. Co-incubation of NOC-18 (100 μM) with a sub-maximal concentration of TSA (1 μM) potentiated the increase in arginase-2 mRNA levels, whilst L-NAME prevented TSA-dependent arginase-2 induction. The effects on arginase-2 mRNA were paralleled by changes in chromatin accessibility, as well as increased levels of H3K9 and H4K12 acetylation, at ARG2 proximal (-579 to -367 and -280 to -73 bp from TSS) and core (-121 to +126 bp from TSS) promoter. Finally NO-dependent arginase-2 induction was prevented by pre-incubation for 10 min with the cysteine blocker MMTS (10 mM). These data showed for the first time that NO up-regulates arginase-2 expression in primary cultured human endothelial cells by an epigenetic-mediated mechanism increasing ARG2 promoter accessibility suggesting a negative regulatory loop for eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo J Krause
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Cherie Hernandez
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres Caniuguir
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Vasquez-Devaud
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivo Carrasco-Wong
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Uauy
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Casanello
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Vascular nitric oxide: Beyond eNOS. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:83-94. [PMID: 26499181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the first discovered gaseous signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) affects a number of cellular processes, including those involving vascular cells. This brief review summarizes the contribution of NO to the regulation of vascular tone and its sources in the blood vessel wall. NO regulates the degree of contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells mainly by stimulating soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) to produce cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), although cGMP-independent signaling [S-nitrosylation of target proteins, activation of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) or production of cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP)] also can be involved. In the blood vessel wall, NO is produced mainly from l-arginine by the enzyme endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) but it can also be released non-enzymatically from S-nitrosothiols or from nitrate/nitrite. Dysfunction in the production and/or the bioavailability of NO characterizes endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.
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Effect of dietary supplementation of ginger and turmeric rhizomes on angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) and arginase activities in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Shao Y, Cheng Z, Li X, Chernaya V, Wang H, Yang XF. Immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory cytokines directly and indirectly inhibit endothelial dysfunction--a novel mechanism for maintaining vascular function. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:80. [PMID: 25387998 PMCID: PMC4236671 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a pathological status of the vascular system, which can be broadly defined as an imbalance between endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Endothelial dysfunction is a key event in the progression of many pathological processes including atherosclerosis, type II diabetes and hypertension. Previous reports have demonstrated that pro-inflammatory/immunoeffector cytokines significantly promote endothelial dysfunction while numerous novel anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines have recently been identified such as interleukin (IL)-35. However, the effects of anti-inflammatory cytokines on endothelial dysfunction have received much less attention. In this analytical review, we focus on the recent progress attained in characterizing the direct and indirect effects of anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines in the inhibition of endothelial dysfunction. Our analyses are not only limited to the importance of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease progression, but also expand into the molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying the inhibition of endothelial dysfunction by anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines. Our review suggests that anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines serve as novel therapeutic targets for inhibiting endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation and cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Zhongjian Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Shatanawi A, Lemtalsi T, Yao L, Patel C, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Angiotensin II limits NO production by upregulating arginase through a p38 MAPK-ATF-2 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 746:106-14. [PMID: 25446432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced vascular arginase activity can impair endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by decreasing l-arginine availability to endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase, thereby reducing NO production and uncoupling NOS function. Elevated angiotensin II (Ang II) is a key component of endothelial dysfunction in many cardiovascular diseases and has been linked to elevated arginase activity. In this study we explored the signaling pathway leading to increased arginase expression/activity in response to Ang II in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). Our previous studies indicate involvement of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in Ang II-induced arginase upregulation and reduced NO production. In this study, we further investigated the Ang II-transcriptional regulation of arginase 1 in endothelial cells. Our results indicate the involvement of ATF-2 transcription factor of the AP1 family in arginase 1 upregulation and in limiting NO production. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ATF-2, we showed that this transcription factor is required for Ang II-induced arginase 1 gene upregulation and increased arginase 1 expression and activity, leading to reduced NO production. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay further confirmed the involvement of ATF-2. Moreover, our data indicate that p38 MAPK phosphorylates ATF-2 in response to Ang II. Collectively, our results indicate that Ang II increases endothelial arginase activity/expression through a p38 MAPK/ATF-2 pathway leading to reduced endothelial NO production. These signaling steps might be therapeutic targets for preventing vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with elevated arginase activity/expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Shatanawi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Tahira Lemtalsi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lin Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chintan Patel
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - R William Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Brain BDNF levels elevation induced by physical training is reduced after unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:1681-7. [PMID: 25052557 PMCID: PMC4269729 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of blood flow elevation in the cerebrovasculature to physical training-induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels elevation in the brain. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels were measured in the motor cortex 24 h after the last session of a forced treadmill walking (30 minutes a day, 18 m/minute for 7 consecutive days). Unilateral common carotid artery occlusion and modulation of exercise intensity (0 versus -10% inclination of the treadmill) were used as strategies to reduce the (normal) elevation of flow in the cerebrovasculature occurring during exercise. Administration of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 60 mg/kg before each exercise sessions) and genetic hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive rats) were used as approaches to reduce stimulation of nitric oxide production in response to shear stress elevation. Vascular occlusion totally and partially abolished the effect of physical training on BDNF levels in the hemisphere ipsilateral and contralateral to occlusion, respectively. BDNF levels were higher after high than low exercise intensity. In addition, both genetic hypertension and L-NAME treatment blunted the effects of physical training on BDNF. From these results, we propose that elevation of brain BDNF levels elicited by physical training involves changes in cerebral hemodynamics.
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Choi K, Yoon J, Lim HK, Ryoo S. Korean red ginseng water extract restores impaired endothelial function by inhibiting arginase activity in aged mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 18:95-101. [PMID: 24757370 PMCID: PMC3994309 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the prime cause of morbidity and mortality and the population ages that may contribute to increase in the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Arginase upregulation is associated with impaired endothelial function in aged vascular system and thus may contribute to cardiovascular disease. According to recent research, Korean Red Ginseng water extract (KRGE) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk by improving vascular system health. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanisms contributing to age-related vascular endothelial dysfunction and to determine whether KRGE improves these functions in aged mice. Young (10±3 weeks) and aged (55±5 weeks) male mice (C57BL/6J) were orally administered 0, 10, or 20 mg/mouse/day of KRGE for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed and the aortas were removed. Endothelial arginase activity, nitric oxide (NO) generation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) coupling, vascular tension, and plasma peroxynitrite production were measured. KRGE attenuated arginase activity, restored nitric oxide (NO) generation, reduced ROS production, and enhanced eNOS coupling in aged mice. KRGE also improved vascular tension in aged vessels, as indicated by increased acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and improved phenylephrine-stimulated vasoconstriction. Furthermore, KRGE prevented plasma peroxynitrite formation in aged mice, indicating reduced lipid peroxidation. These results suggest KRGE exerts vasoprotective effects by inhibiting arginase activity and augmenting NO signaling and may be a useful treatment for age-dependent vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanhoon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 220-701, Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Yoon
- Department of Biology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyo Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 220-701, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Department of Biology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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Yoon J, Park M, Lee JH, Min BS, Ryoo S. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation through obacunone-dependent arginase inhibition restored impaired endothelial function in ApoE-null mice. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 60:102-9. [PMID: 24509132 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial arginase constrains the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by substrate depletion and reduces nitric oxide bioavailability. During the screening course of arginase inhibitor, we found obacunone as an arginase inhibitor. We tested the hypothesis that obacunone regulates vascular endothelial NO production. Obacunone incubation inhibited arginase I and II activities in liver and kidney lysates, respectively, in dose-dependent manner. Obacunone reciprocally increased nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production in HUVECs. In isolated aortic rings, obacunone increased intracellular l-arginine concentration and enhanced eNOS coupling, leading to increased NO and decreased superoxide production, with no changes in protein expression. Vasoconstriction response to U46619 was attenuated in obacunone-treated aortic vessels compared to that in untreated vessels. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant response to acetylcholine was significantly increased in obacunone-treated vessels and was modulated by the NO-dependent signaling cascade. The dose-dependent vasorelaxant response to Ach was reduced in the aortic vessels of ApoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. Obacunone incubation increased vasorelaxation to the level of a WT mouse, although the endothelium-independent response to sodium nitroprusside was identical among the groups. Therefore, obacunone may help treat cardiovascular diseases derived from endothelial dysfunction and may be useful for designing pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongyeon Yoon
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Park
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University, Daegu 712-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Brown KE, Dhaun N, Goddard J, Webb DJ. Potential Therapeutic Role of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibition in Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension 2014; 63:5-11. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh E. Brown
- From the British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (K.E.B., N.D., J.G., D.J.W.); and Renal Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.D., J.G.)
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- From the British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (K.E.B., N.D., J.G., D.J.W.); and Renal Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.D., J.G.)
| | - Jane Goddard
- From the British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (K.E.B., N.D., J.G., D.J.W.); and Renal Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.D., J.G.)
| | - David J. Webb
- From the British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (K.E.B., N.D., J.G., D.J.W.); and Renal Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.D., J.G.)
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