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Ahlawat S, Fayad LM, Khan MS, Bredella MA, Harris GJ, Evans DG, Farschtschi S, Jacobs MA, Chhabra A, Salamon JM, Wenzel R, Mautner VF, Dombi E, Cai W, Plotkin SR, Blakeley JO. Current whole-body MRI applications in the neurofibromatoses: NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis. Neurology 2017; 87:S31-9. [PMID: 27527647 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis (REiNS) International Collaboration Whole-Body MRI (WB-MRI) Working Group reviewed the existing literature on WB-MRI, an emerging technology for assessing disease in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis (SWN), to recommend optimal image acquisition and analysis methods to enable WB-MRI as an endpoint in NF clinical trials. METHODS A systematic process was used to review all published data about WB-MRI in NF syndromes to assess diagnostic accuracy, feasibility and reproducibility, and data about specific techniques for assessment of tumor burden, characterization of neoplasms, and response to therapy. RESULTS WB-MRI at 1.5T or 3.0T is feasible for image acquisition. Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence is used in all investigations to date, suggesting consensus about the utility of this sequence for detection of WB tumor burden in people with NF. There are insufficient data to support a consensus statement about the optimal imaging planes (axial vs coronal) or 2D vs 3D approaches. Functional imaging, although used in some NF studies, has not been systematically applied or evaluated. There are no comparative studies between regional vs WB-MRI or evaluations of WB-MRI reproducibility. CONCLUSIONS WB-MRI is feasible for identifying tumors using both 1.5T and 3.0T systems. The STIR sequence is a core sequence. Additional investigation is needed to define the optimal approach for volumetric analysis, the reproducibility of WB-MRI in NF, and the diagnostic performance of WB-MRI vs regional MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Ahlawat
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
| | - Laura M Fayad
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Muhammad Shayan Khan
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Miriam A Bredella
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Gordon J Harris
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - D Gareth Evans
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Said Farschtschi
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Michael A Jacobs
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Avneesh Chhabra
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Johannes M Salamon
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ralph Wenzel
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Victor F Mautner
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Eva Dombi
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Wenli Cai
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Scott R Plotkin
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- From The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (S.A., L.M.F., M.A.J.), Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (M.A.J.), and Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Khyber Medical College (M.S.K.), Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Radiology (M.A.B., G.J.H., W.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK; Department of Neurology (S.F., V.F.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Radiology & Orthopedic Surgery (A.C.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (J.M.S.), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Radiological Practice Altona (R.W.), Hamburg, Germany; Pediatric Oncology Branch (E.D.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Neurology and Cancer Center (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Bamberg F, Kauczor HU, Weckbach S, Schlett CL, Forsting M, Ladd SC, Greiser KH, Weber MA, Schulz-Menger J, Niendorf T, Pischon T, Caspers S, Amunts K, Berger K, Bülow R, Hosten N, Hegenscheid K, Kröncke T, Linseisen J, Günther M, Hirsch JG, Köhn A, Hendel T, Wichmann HE, Schmidt B, Jöckel KH, Hoffmann W, Kaaks R, Reiser MF, Völzke H. Whole-Body MR Imaging in the German National Cohort: Rationale, Design, and Technical Background. Radiology 2015; 277:206-20. [PMID: 25989618 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015142272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To detail the rationale, design, and future perspective of implementing whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the German National Cohort, a large multicentric population-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS All institutional review boards approved the study, and informed consent is obtained before study enrollment. Participants are enrolled from a random sample of the general population at five dedicated imaging sites among 18 recruitment centers. MR imaging facilities are equipped with identical 3.0-T imager technology and use uniform MR protocols. Imager-specific hardware and software settings remained constant over the study period. On-site and centralized measures of image quality enable monitoring of completeness of the acquisitions and quality of each of the MR sequences. Certified radiologists read all MR imaging studies for presence of incidental findings according to predefined algorithms. RESULTS Over a 4-year period, six participants per day are examined at each center, totaling a final imaging cohort of approximately 30 000 participants. The MR imaging protocol is identical for each site and comprises a set of 12 native series to cover neurologic, cardiovascular, thoracoabdominal, and musculoskeletal imaging phenotypes totaling approximately 1 hour of imaging time. A dedicated analysis platform as part of a central imaging core incorporates a thin client-based integrative and modular data handling platform to enable multicentric off-site image reading for incidental findings. Scientific analysis will be pursued on a per-project hypothesis-driven basis. CONCLUSION Population-based whole-body MR imaging as part of the German National Cohort will serve to compile a comprehensive image repository, will provide insight into physiologic variants and subclinical disease burden, and has the potential to enable identification of novel imaging biomarkers of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bamberg
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Sabine Weckbach
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Michael Forsting
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Susanne C Ladd
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Karin Halina Greiser
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Marc-André Weber
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Tobias Pischon
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Svenja Caspers
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Katrin Amunts
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Klaus Berger
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Robin Bülow
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Norbert Hosten
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Katrin Hegenscheid
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Thomas Kröncke
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Matthias Günther
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Jochen G Hirsch
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Alexander Köhn
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Thomas Hendel
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Börge Schmidt
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Maximilian F Reiser
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
| | - Henry Völzke
- From the German National Cohort (GNC) Consortium, Central Executive Office of the German National Cohort, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (F.B.); Department of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (F.B., T.H., M.F.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K., S.W., C.L.S., M.A.W.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (M.F., S.C.L.); Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (K.H.G., R.K.); Charité Campus Buch, ECRC Universitätsmedizin Berlin und HELIOS Klinik Berlin-Buch, Klinik für Kardiologie und Nephrologie, Berlin, Germany (J.S.); Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (BUFF), Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (T.N.); Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany (T.P.); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany (S.C., K.A.); C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (K.A.); JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany (K.A.); Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (K.B.); Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (R.B., N.H., K.H.); Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany (T.K.); Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (J.L., H.E.W.); Institute of Medical Infor
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