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Wise PA, Studier-Fischer A, Nickel F, Hackert T. [Status Quo of Surgical Navigation]. Zentralbl Chir 2023. [PMID: 38056501 DOI: 10.1055/a-2211-4898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Surgical navigation, also referred to as computer-assisted or image-guided surgery, is a technique that employs a variety of methods - such as 3D imaging, tracking systems, specialised software, and robotics to support surgeons during surgical interventions. These emerging technologies aim not only to enhance the accuracy and precision of surgical procedures, but also to enable less invasive approaches, with the objective of reducing complications and improving operative outcomes for patients. By harnessing the integration of emerging digital technologies, surgical navigation holds the promise of assisting complex procedures across various medical disciplines. In recent years, the field of surgical navigation has witnessed significant advances. Abdominal surgical navigation, particularly endoscopy, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted surgery, is currently undergoing a phase of rapid evolution. Emphases include image-guided navigation, instrument tracking, and the potential integration of augmented and mixed reality (AR, MR). This article will comprehensively delve into the latest developments in surgical navigation, spanning state-of-the-art intraoperative technologies like hyperspectral and fluorescent imaging, to the integration of preoperative radiological imaging within the intraoperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Anthony Wise
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Alexander Studier-Fischer
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Felix Nickel
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
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2
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Dezzani EO. Minimally invasive surgery: an overview. Minerva Surg 2023; 78:616-625. [PMID: 38059439 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.23.10126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
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Aoki T, Mansour DA, Koizumi T, Wada Y, Enami Y, Fujimori A, Kusano T, Matsuda K, Nogaki K, Tashiro Y, Hakozaki T, Shibata H, Tomioka K, Hirai T, Yamazaki T, Saito K, Goto S, Watanabe M, Otsuka K, Murakami M. Laparoscopic Liver Surgery Guided by Virtual Real-time CT-Guided Volume Navigation. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:1779-1786. [PMID: 32901425 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, virtual navigation system has been applied to hepatic surgery, enabling better visualization of intrahepatic vascular branches and location of tumor. Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) is the most common form of image guidance during liver surgery. However, during laparoscopic hepatectomies (LH), IOUS has several limitations and its reliability has been poorly evaluated. The objective of this work is to evaluate VRCT (virtual real-time CT-guided volume navigation) during LH. This system aims to provide accurate anatomical orientation for surgeons enhancing the safety of LH. METHODS Twenty-seven hepatic neoplasms were resected laparoscopically at our institution under reference guidance of VRCT. During operation, electromagnetic tracking of the surgical instrument was used for navigating the direction of accurate liver transection. RESULTS Twenty-six (96.3%) of the 27 lesions (mean diameter 11 mm) were successfully performed under VRCT guidance. Average registration time was < 2 min. Average setup time was approximately 7 min per procedure. VRCT allows the surgeon to navigate liver transection with acceptable accuracy. The mean error was 12 mm. All surgical margins were negative and the mean histologic resection margin was 9 mm. CONCLUSIONS VRCT-guided LH is feasible and provides valuable real-time anatomical feedback during hepatic resections. Advancement of such systems to improve accuracy might greatly compensate for the limitation of laparoscopic IOUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Aoki
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
| | - Doaa A Mansour
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
- General Surgery Department, Cairo University Hospitals, Kasr Alainy, Al-Saray Street, El-Manial, Cairo, 11956, Egypt
| | - Tomotake Koizumi
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yusuke Wada
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yuta Enami
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Akira Fujimori
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kusano
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuda
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Koji Nogaki
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tashiro
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Tomoki Hakozaki
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Hideki Shibata
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Kodai Tomioka
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Takahito Hirai
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamazaki
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Saito
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Satoru Goto
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Koji Otsuka
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Masahiko Murakami
- Division of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
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Otsuka Y, Matsumoto Y, Ito Y, Okada R, Maeda T, Ishii J, Kajiwara Y, Okubo K, Funahashi K, Kaneko H. Intraoperative guidance using ICG fluorescence imaging system for safe and precise laparoscopic liver resection. Minerva Surg 2021; 76:211-219. [PMID: 33890439 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.21.08597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has been spread as minimally invasive surgery for liver disease. Advances in surgical technique and devices enabled us to perform various procedures of LLR. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has been suggested as useful tool to identify liver tumors, anatomical territory of liver parenchyma, and cholangiography in open liver surgery. Due to recent development, this technology can be applied in LLR. we describe safe and effective using of the ICG fluorescence imaging during LLR. METHODS From September 2013 to August 2019, 34 patients were performed LLR using a total of 46 procedures by ICG fluorescence imaging system for purposes including identification of anatomic domain of the liver in 12 LLRs, detection of liver tumors in 30 nodules, or intraoperative cholangiography in 4 LLRs. RESULTS During the detection of liver tumors, 25 nodules in 30 malignant to benign tumors were positively detected (83.3%). Although there has been no publication regarding information on ICG fluorescence imaging of low grade malignant or benign tumors, we found positive emission in focal nodular hyperplasia, an angiomyolipoma, and an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. The identification of anatomic domain in the liver was successful in all 12 LLRs with negative and positive staining techniques. In the intraoperative cholangiography, all 4 tests were successfully performed. One of 4 patients were found to have biliary leakage which was repaired intraoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The ICG fluorescence imaging could be useful in safe and precise performance of LLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Otsuka
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan -
| | - Yu Matsumoto
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Ito
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Okada
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Maeda
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Ishii
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Kajiwara
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okubo
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Funahashi
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaneko
- Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery (Omori), Department of Surgery, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Current role of intraoperative ultrasonography in hepatectomy. Surg Today 2021; 51:1887-1896. [PMID: 33394137 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-02219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatectomy had a high mortality rate in the previous decade because of inadequate techniques, intraoperative blood loss, liver function reserve misdiagnoses, and accompanying postoperative complications. However, the development of several modalities, including intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS), has made hepatectomy safer. IOUS can provide real-time information regarding the tumor position and vascular anatomy of the portal and hepatic veins. Systematic subsegmentectomy, which leads to improved patient outcomes, can be performed by IOUS in open and laparoscopic hepatectomy. Although three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography and gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging have been widely used, IOUS and contrast-enhanced IOUS are important modalities for risk analyses and making decisions regarding resectability and operative procedures because of the vital anatomical information provided and high sensitivity for liver tumors, including "disappearing" liver metastases. Intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography can be used to delineate the vascular anatomy and evaluate the blood flow volume and velocity in hepatectomy patients and recipients of deceased- and living-donor liver transplantation after vessel reconstruction and liver positioning. For liver surgeons, IOUS is an essential technique to perform highly curative hepatectomy safely, although recent advances have also been made in virtual modalities, such as real-time virtual sonography with 3D visualization.
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Wang Q, Qian B, Schäfer M, Groß W, Mehrabi A, Ryschich E. Fluorescence-guided fiber-optic micronavigation using microscopic identification of vascular boundary of liver segment and tumors. Theranostics 2020; 10:6136-6148. [PMID: 32483444 PMCID: PMC7255018 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The exact identification of tumor boundaries and related liver segments is especially important for liver tumor surgery. This study aimed to evaluate a new approach for vascular boundary assessment and surgical navigation based on fiber-optic microscopy and microvascular fluorescence labeling. Methods: Antibody clones with fast binding ability were identified and selected using immunofluorescence. We evaluated the endothelial capture efficacy for an anti-mouse CD31 antibody labeled with different fluorophores and different degrees of labeling ex vivo. Segment boundary identification and navigation potential using endothelial capture were explored by two different fiber-optic microscopy systems. Finally, microvasculature labeling and fiber-optic microscopy were used to identify and treat microscopic liver tumors in vivo. Results: The following monoclonal antibodies were selected: anti-mouse CD31 (clone 390), anti-mouse CD54 (YN1/1.7.4), anti-human CD31 (WM59), and anti-human CD54 (HA58). These clones showed fast binding to endothelial cells and had long half-lives. The fluorophore choice and the degree of antibody labeling did not significantly affect capture efficacy in an isolated liver perfusion model. The microvascular system was clearly identified with wide-field fiber-optic microscopy after labeling the endothelium with low doses of specific antibodies, and the specifically labeled liver segment could be microscopically dissected. High antibody doses were required for confocal laser endomicroscopy. After microscopically identifying the vascular margin in vivo, tumor thermoablation strongly reduced tumor size or totally eliminated tumors. Conclusions: We demonstrated that vascular boundaries of liver tumors and locally perfused liver segments were accurately identified and surgical micronavigation was facilitated with fiber-optic microscopy and selected endothelium-specific antibodies.
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8
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Paolucci I, Sandu RM, Sahli L, Prevost GA, Storni F, Candinas D, Weber S, Lachenmayer A. Ultrasound Based Planning and Navigation for Non-Anatomical Liver Resections – An Ex-Vivo Study. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1:3-8. [PMID: 35402957 PMCID: PMC8979632 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2019.2961094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Goal: Non-anatomical resections of liver tumors can be very challenging as the surgeon cannot use anatomical landmarks on the liver surface or in the ultrasound image for guidance. This makes it difficult to achieve negative resection margins (R0) and still preserve as much healthy liver tissue as possible. Even though image-guided surgery systems have been introduced to overcome this challenge, they are still rarely used due to their inaccuracy, time-effort and complexity in usage and setup. Methods: We have developed a novel approach, which allows us to create an intra-operative resection plan using navigated ultrasound. First, the surface is scanned using a navigated ultrasound, followed by tumor segmentation on a midsection ultrasound image. Based on this information, the navigation system calculates an optimal resection strategy and displays it along with the tracked surgical instruments. In this study, this approach was evaluated by three experienced hepatobiliary surgeons on ex-vivo porcine models. Results: Using this technique, an R0 resection could be achieved in 22 out of 23 (95.7% R0 resection rate) cases with a median resection margin of 5.9 mm (IQR 3.5–7.7 mm). The resection margin between operators 1, 2 and 3 was 7.8 mm, 4.15 mm and 5.1 mm respectively (p = 0.054). Conclusions: This approach could represent a useful tool for intra-operative guidance in non-anatomical resection alongside conventional ultrasound guidance. However, instructions and training are essential especially if the operator has not used an image-guidance system before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan Paolucci
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering ResearchUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Raluca-Maria Sandu
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering ResearchUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Luca Sahli
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering ResearchUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Gian Andrea Prevost
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Federico Storni
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Daniel Candinas
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weber
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering ResearchUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Anja Lachenmayer
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
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Oldhafer KJ, Peterhans M, Kantas A, Schenk A, Makridis G, Pelzl S, Wagner KC, Weber S, Stavrou GA, Donati M. [Navigated liver surgery : Current state and importance in the future]. Chirurg 2019; 89:769-776. [PMID: 30225532 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-018-0713-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The preoperative computer-assisted resection planning is the basis for every navigation. Thanks to modern algorithms, the prerequisites have been created to carry out a virtual resection planning and a risk analysis. Thus, individual segment resections can be precisely planned in any conceivable combination. The transfer of planning information and resection suggestions to the operating theater is still problematic. The so-called stereotactic liver navigation supports the exact intraoperative implementation of the planned resection strategy and provides the surgeon with real-time three-dimensional information on resection margins and critical structures during the resection. This is made possible by a surgical navigation system that measures the position of surgical instruments and then presents them together with the preoperative surgical planning data. Although surgical navigation systems have been indispensable in neurosurgery and spinal surgery for many years, these procedures have not yet become established as standard in liver surgery. This is mainly due to the technical challenge of navigating a moving organ. As the liver is constantly moving and deforming during surgery due to respiration and surgical manipulation, the surgical navigation system must be able to measure these alterations in order to adapt the preoperative navigation data to the current situation. Despite these advances, further developments are required until navigated liver resection enters clinical routine; however, it is already clear that laparoscopic liver surgery and robotic surgery will benefit most from navigation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Oldhafer
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Deutschland. .,Semmelweis Universität Budapest, Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | | | - A Kantas
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Deutschland.,Semmelweis Universität Budapest, Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - A Schenk
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Bildgestützte Medizin MEVIS, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - G Makridis
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Deutschland.,Semmelweis Universität Budapest, Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - S Pelzl
- apoQlar, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - K C Wagner
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Deutschland.,Semmelweis Universität Budapest, Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - S Weber
- University of Bern, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Bern, Schweiz
| | - G A Stavrou
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeralchirurgie, Thorax- und Kinderchirurgie, Klinikum Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
| | - M Donati
- Semmelweis Universität Budapest, Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland.,Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italien
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Qian B, Kyuno D, Schäfer M, Gross W, Mehrabi A, Ryschich E. Liver segment imaging using monocyte sequestration: a potential tool for fluorescence-guided liver surgery. Theranostics 2018; 8:6101-6110. [PMID: 30613285 PMCID: PMC6299692 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The accurate determination of liver segment anatomy is essential to perform liver resection without complications and to ensure long-term outcomes after this operation. There are several perioperative methods for segment identification and surgical navigation, such as intraoperative ultrasound, indigo carmine and near-infrared imaging with indocyanine green. The present study experimentally analyzed the usefulness of monocyte sequestration for liver segment labeling and imaging. Methods: Human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood and directly or indirectly labeled with calcein or IRDye 800CW. Potential toxicity, labeling stability, and adhesion to ICAM-1 were analyzed in vitro. Monocyte sequestration in the liver microvasculature and liver segment labeling and boundary demarcation were studied using isolated mouse and pig liver perfusion and via intraportal injection in mouse liver tumor models. Results: The highest monocyte labeling efficiency was achieved using direct labeling with IRDye 800CW. Labeling was stable and did not influence cell viability. The labeled monocytes were highly sequestrated in the liver microvasculature, both after ex vivo perfusion and after injection in vivo , resulting in excellent labeling of selected liver segments and strong segment boundary demarcation. In contrast to results to a normal liver, monocyte sequestration was very low in tumor-associated blood vessels. Conclusions: The present experimental study shows that sequestration of labeled monocytes after superselective application demarcates the selected liver segment. These results illustrate potential of this technique for surgical navigation during liver surgery.
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Takamoto T, Mise Y, Satou S, Kobayashi Y, Miura K, Saiura A, Hasegawa K, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M. Feasibility of Intraoperative Navigation for Liver Resection Using Real-time Virtual Sonography With Novel Automatic Registration System. World J Surg 2018; 42:841-848. [PMID: 28879512 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical feasibility and usability of intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) tracked by computed tomography (CT) images have been proposed; however, it requires technically demanding manual registration procedure. STUDY DESIGN A prospective study using real-time virtual sonography (RVS) with novel automatic registration system was conducted in four high-volume centers of liver resection from 2015 to 2016. The requiring time for registration of IOUS and CT images and positional error of confluence of middle hepatic venous tributaries (V8-MHV, V5-MHV) were measured in patients undergoing laparotomy. RESULTS Automatic registration was successful in 43 of 52 enrolled patients (83%), with error ranges of 11.4 (3.1-69.4) mm for V8-MHV and 16.2 (4.3-66.8) mm for V5-MHV. Time required for total registration process was 36 (27-74) s. CONCLUSIONS The RVS with novel automatic registration system can provide quick and easy registration and acceptable accuracy, which can promote the usage of IOUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Takamoto
- Divisions of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Mise
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shouichi Satou
- Department of Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kobayashi
- Divisions of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koui Miura
- Department of Image-Based Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akio Saiura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Divisions of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Divisions of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Makuuchi
- Divisions of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
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Herrmann E, Terribilini D, Manser P, Fix MK, Toporek G, Candinas D, Weber S, Aebersold DM, Loessl K. Accuracy assessment of a potential clinical use of navigation-guided intra-operative liver metastasis brachytherapy-a planning study. Strahlenther Onkol 2018; 194:1030-1038. [PMID: 30022277 PMCID: PMC6208950 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For patients with inoperable liver metastases, intra-operative liver high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) is a promising technology enabling delivery of a high radiation dose to the tumor, while sparing healthy tissue. Liver brachytherapy has been described in the literature as safe and effective for the treatment of primary or secondary hepatic malignancies. It is preferred over other ablative techniques for lesions that are either larger than 4 cm or located in close proximity to large vessels or the common bile duct. In contrast to external beam radiation techniques, organ movements do not affect the size of the irradiated volume in intra-operative HDR-BT and new technical solutions exist to support image guidance for intra-operative HDR-BT. We have retrospectively analyzed anonymized CT datasets of 5 patients who underwent open liver surgery (resection and/or ablation) in order to test whether the accuracy of a new image-guidance method specifically adapted for intra-operative HDR-BT is high enough to use it in similar situations and whether patients could potentially benefit from navigation-guided intra-operative needle placement for liver HDR-BT.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Herrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstr., 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - D Terribilini
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Manser
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M K Fix
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Toporek
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Candinas
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Berne University Hospital, University of Berne, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Weber
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D M Aebersold
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstr., 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Loessl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstr., 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Stember JN. Three-Dimensional Surface Point Cloud Ultrasound for Better Understanding and Transmission of Ultrasound Scan Information. J Digit Imaging 2018; 31:904-911. [PMID: 29796972 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-017-0046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound is notoriously plagued by high user dependence. There is a steep drop-off in information in going from what the sonographer sees during image acquisition and what the interpreting radiologist is able to view at the reading station. One countermeasure is probe localization and tracking. Current implementations are too difficult and expensive to use and/or do not provide adequate detail and perspective. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that a protocol combining surface three-dimensional photographic imaging with traditional ultrasound images may be a solution to the problem of probe localization, this approach being termed surface point cloud ultrasound (SPC-US). Ultrasound images were obtained of major vessels in an ultrasound training phantom, while simultaneously obtaining surface point cloud (SPC) 3D photographic images, with additional scanning performed on the right forearm soft tissues, kidneys, chest, and pelvis. The resulting sets of grayscale/color Doppler ultrasound and SPC images are juxtaposed and displayed for interpretation in a manner analogous to current text-based annotation or computer-generated stick figure probe position illustrations. Clearly demonstrated is that SPC-US better communicates information of probe position and orientation. Overall, it is shown that SPC-US provides much richer image representations of probe position on the patients than the current prevailing schemes. SPC-US turns out to be a rather general technique with many anticipated future applications, though only a few sample applications are illustrated in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Nathaniel Stember
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PB 1-301, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Augmented reality technology for preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation during hepatobiliary surgery: A review of current methods. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2018; 17:101-112. [PMID: 29567047 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Augmented reality (AR) technology is used to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) images of hepatic and biliary structures from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data, and to superimpose the virtual images onto a view of the surgical field. In liver surgery, these superimposed virtual images help the surgeon to visualize intrahepatic structures and therefore, to operate precisely and to improve clinical outcomes. DATA SOURCES The keywords "augmented reality", "liver", "laparoscopic" and "hepatectomy" were used for searching publications in the PubMed database. The primary source of literatures was from peer-reviewed journals up to December 2016. Additional articles were identified by manual search of references found in the key articles. RESULTS In general, AR technology mainly includes 3D reconstruction, display, registration as well as tracking techniques and has recently been adopted gradually for liver surgeries including laparoscopy and laparotomy with video-based AR assisted laparoscopic resection as the main technical application. By applying AR technology, blood vessels and tumor structures in the liver can be displayed during surgery, which permits precise navigation during complex surgical procedures. Liver transformation and registration errors during surgery were the main factors that limit the application of AR technology. CONCLUSIONS With recent advances, AR technologies have the potential to improve hepatobiliary surgical procedures. However, additional clinical studies will be required to evaluate AR as a tool for reducing postoperative morbidity and mortality and for the improvement of long-term clinical outcomes. Future research is needed in the fusion of multiple imaging modalities, improving biomechanical liver modeling, and enhancing image data processing and tracking technologies to increase the accuracy of current AR methods.
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Nishi M, Kanaji S, Otake Y, Harada H, Yamamoto M, Oshikiri T, Nakamura T, Suzuki S, Suzuki Y, Hiasa Y, Sato Y, Kakeji Y. Quantitative comparison of operative skill using 2- and 3-dimensional monitors during laparoscopic phantom tasks. Surgery 2017; 161:1334-1340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Oshiro Y, Ohkohchi N. Three-Dimensional Liver Surgery Simulation: Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning with Three-Dimensional Simulation Software and Three-Dimensional Printing<sup/>. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:474-480. [PMID: 28343411 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To perform accurate hepatectomy without injury, it is necessary to understand the anatomical relationship among the branches of Glisson's sheath, hepatic veins, and tumor. In Japan, three-dimensional (3D) preoperative simulation for liver surgery is becoming increasingly common, and liver 3D modeling and 3D hepatectomy simulation by 3D analysis software for liver surgery have been covered by universal healthcare insurance since 2012. Herein, we review the history of virtual hepatectomy using computer-assisted surgery (CAS) and our research to date, and we discuss the future prospects of CAS. We have used the SYNAPSE VINCENT medical imaging system (Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan) for 3D visualization and virtual resection of the liver since 2010. We developed a novel fusion imaging technique combining 3D computed tomography (CT) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The fusion image enables us to easily visualize anatomic relationships among the hepatic arteries, portal veins, bile duct, and tumor in the hepatic hilum. In 2013, we developed an original software, called Liversim, which enables real-time deformation of the liver using physical simulation, and a randomized control trial has recently been conducted to evaluate the use of Liversim and SYNAPSE VINCENT for preoperative simulation and planning. Furthermore, we developed a novel hollow 3D-printed liver model whose surface is covered with frames. This model is useful for safe liver resection, has better visibility, and the production cost is reduced to one-third of a previous model. Preoperative simulation and navigation with CAS in liver resection are expected to help planning and conducting a surgery and surgical education. Thus, a novel CAS system will contribute to not only the performance of reliable hepatectomy but also to surgical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Oshiro
- Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ohkohchi
- Division of Gastroenterological and Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
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Black D, Hettig J, Luz M, Hansen C, Kikinis R, Hahn H. Auditory feedback to support image-guided medical needle placement. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2017; 12:1655-1663. [PMID: 28213646 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-017-1537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During medical needle placement using image-guided navigation systems, the clinician must concentrate on a screen. To reduce the clinician's visual reliance on the screen, this work proposes an auditory feedback method as a stand-alone method or to support visual feedback for placing the navigated medical instrument, in this case a needle. METHODS An auditory synthesis model using pitch comparison and stereo panning parameter mapping was developed to augment or replace visual feedback for navigated needle placement. In contrast to existing approaches which augment but still require a visual display, this method allows view-free needle placement. An evaluation with 12 novice participants compared both auditory and combined audiovisual feedback against existing visual methods. RESULTS Using combined audiovisual display, participants show similar task completion times and report similar subjective workload and accuracy while viewing the screen less compared to using the conventional visual method. The auditory feedback leads to higher task completion times and subjective workload compared to both combined and visual feedback. CONCLUSION Audiovisual feedback shows promising results and establishes a basis for applying auditory feedback as a supplement to visual information to other navigated interventions, especially those for which viewing a patient is beneficial or necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Black
- Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany.
- Medical Image Computing, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Julian Hettig
- Faculty of Computer Science, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maria Luz
- Faculty of Computer Science, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hansen
- Faculty of Computer Science, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ron Kikinis
- Medical Image Computing, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany
- Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Horst Hahn
- Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany
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18
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Majlesara A, Golriz M, Hafezi M, Saffari A, Stenau E, Maier-Hein L, Müller-Stich BP, Mehrabi A. Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in hepatobiliary surgery. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 17:208-215. [PMID: 28017834 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a fluorescent dye that has been widely used for fluorescence imaging during hepatobiliary surgery. ICG is injected intravenously, selectively taken up by the liver, and then secreted into the bile. The catabolism and fluorescence properties of ICG permit a wide range of visualization methods in hepatobiliary surgery. We have characterized the applications of ICG during hepatobiliary surgery into: 1) liver mapping, 2) cholangiography, 3) tumor visualization, and 4) partial liver graft evaluation. In this literature review, we summarize the current understanding of ICG use during hepatobiliary surgery. Intra-operative ICG fluorescence imaging is a safe, simple, and feasible method that improves the visualization of hepatobiliary anatomy and liver tumors. Intravenous administration of ICG is not toxic and avoids the drawbacks of conventional imaging. In addition, it reduces post-operative complications without any known side effects. ICG fluorescence imaging provides a safe and reliable contrast for extra-hepatic cholangiography when detecting intra-hepatic bile leakage following liver resection. In addition, liver tumors can be visualized and well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma tumors can be accurately identified. Moreover, vascular reconstruction and outflow can be evaluated following partial liver transplantation. However, since tissue penetration is limited to 5-10mm, deeper tissue cannot be visualized using this method. Many instances of false positive or negative results have been reported, therefore further characterization is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Majlesara
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Golriz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohammadreza Hafezi
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Saffari
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Stenau
- Division of Computer-assisted medical interventions, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Maier-Hein
- Division of Computer-assisted medical interventions, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beat P Müller-Stich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arianeb Mehrabi
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Ultrasound with Electromagnetic Tracking Navigation and Image Fusion System in Laparoscopic Liver Surgery: An Initial Clinical Experience. Am Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481608201214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Alvarez FA, Sanchez Claria R, Oggero S, de Santibañes E. Parenchymal-sparing liver surgery in patients with colorectal carcinoma liver metastases. World J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 8:407-23. [PMID: 27358673 PMCID: PMC4919708 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v8.i6.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection is the treatment of choice for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). However, major resections are often required to achieve R0 resection, which are associated with substantial rates of morbidity and mortality. Maximizing the amount of residual liver gained increasing significance in modern liver surgery due to the high incidence of chemotherapy-associated parenchymal injury. This fact, along with the progressive expansion of resectability criteria, has led to the development of a surgical philosophy known as "parenchymal-sparing liver surgery" (PSLS). This philosophy includes a variety of resection strategies, either performed alone or in combination with ablative therapies. A profound knowledge of liver anatomy and expert intraoperative ultrasound skills are required to perform PSLS appropriately and safely. There is a clear trend toward PSLS in hepatobiliary centers worldwide as current evidence indicates that tumor biology is the most important predictor of intrahepatic recurrence and survival, rather than the extent of a negative resection margin. Tumor removal avoiding the unnecessary sacrifice of functional parenchyma has been associated with less surgical stress, fewer postoperative complications, uncompromised cancer-related outcomes and higher feasibility of future resections. The increasing evidence supporting PSLS prompts its consideration as the gold-standard surgical approach for CLM.
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21
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22
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Intraoperative image-guided navigation system: development and applicability in 65 patients undergoing liver surgery. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2016; 401:495-502. [PMID: 27122364 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-016-1417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Image-guided systems have recently been introduced for their application in liver surgery. We aimed to identify and propose suitable indications for image-guided navigation systems in the domain of open oncologic liver surgery and, more specifically, in the setting of liver resection with and without microwave ablation. METHOD Retrospective analysis was conducted in patients undergoing liver resection with and without microwave ablation using an intraoperative image-guided stereotactic system during three stages of technological development (accuracy: 8.4 ± 4.4 mm in phase I and 8.4 ± 6.5 mm in phase II versus 4.5 ± 3.6 mm in phase III). It was evaluated, in which indications image-guided surgery was used according to the different stages of technical development. RESULTS Between 2009 and 2013, 65 patients underwent image-guided surgical treatment, resection alone (n = 38), ablation alone (n = 11), or a combination thereof (n = 16). With increasing accuracy of the system, image guidance was progressively used for atypical resections and combined microwave ablation and resection instead of formal liver resection (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Clinical application of image guidance is feasible, while its efficacy is subject to accuracy. The concept of image guidance has been shown to be increasingly efficient for selected indications in liver surgery. While accuracy of available technology is increasing pertaining to technological advancements, more and more previously untreatable scenarios such as multiple small, bilobar lesions and so-called vanishing lesions come within reach.
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23
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Clements LW, Collins JA, Weis JA, Simpson AL, Adams LB, Jarnagin WR, Miga MI. Evaluation of model-based deformation correction in image-guided liver surgery via tracked intraoperative ultrasound. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2016; 3:015003. [PMID: 27081664 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.3.1.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft-tissue deformation represents a significant error source in current surgical navigation systems used for open hepatic procedures. While numerous algorithms have been proposed to rectify the tissue deformation that is encountered during open liver surgery, clinical validation of the proposed methods has been limited to surface-based metrics, and subsurface validation has largely been performed via phantom experiments. The proposed method involves the analysis of two deformation-correction algorithms for open hepatic image-guided surgery systems via subsurface targets digitized with tracked intraoperative ultrasound (iUS). Intraoperative surface digitizations were acquired via a laser range scanner and an optically tracked stylus for the purposes of computing the physical-to-image space registration and for use in retrospective deformation-correction algorithms. Upon completion of surface digitization, the organ was interrogated with a tracked iUS transducer where the iUS images and corresponding tracked locations were recorded. Mean closest-point distances between the feature contours delineated in the iUS images and corresponding three-dimensional anatomical model generated from preoperative tomograms were computed to quantify the extent to which the deformation-correction algorithms improved registration accuracy. The results for six patients, including eight anatomical targets, indicate that deformation correction can facilitate reduction in target error of [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan W Clements
- Vanderbilt University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jarrod A Collins
- Vanderbilt University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jared A Weis
- Vanderbilt University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Amber L Simpson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , Department of Surgery, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Lauryn B Adams
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , Department of Surgery, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , Department of Surgery, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael I Miga
- Vanderbilt University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5824 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Rochefort H, Matsuoka L, Chouliaras K, Mwengela D, Buxbaum J, Alexopoulos SP. Multiple Preoperative Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and Large Common Bile Duct Diameter Predict the Need for Complex Surgery. Am Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481608200214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is frequently used to clear the common bile duct (CBD) in patients with choledocholithiasis. While a single ERCP is usually effective, many patients undergo multiple ERCP attempts before cholecystectomy. Here we sought to identify preoperative factors predictive of surgical complexity beyond routine laparoscopic cholecystectomy after ERCP. Data were prospectively collected for all ERCPs between September 2010 and February 2012 at a public academic medical center including demographics, indication, stone presence, CBD diameter, sphincterotomy, stent placement, and ERCP number. A total of 124 ERCPs were attempted in 73 patients with choledocholithiasis, 10 per cent of whom presented with cholangitis. Fifty-six per cent of patients underwent one ERCP, whereas 16 per cent required ≥ 3 procedures. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 58 (79%) patients whereas 15 (21%) patients required more complex operations including eight open CBD explorations and two hepaticojejunostomies. The likelihood of requiring more complex surgery correlated with increasing number of ERCPs with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.75 (95% confidence interval: 2.31–14.3, P ≤ 0.001). Increased CBD diameter also correlated with complex surgery with adjusted odds ratio of 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.06, P = 0.012) for each millimeter. The number of pre-operative ERCPs and CBD diameter in choledocholithiasis patients are strong predictors of the need for open surgery and CBD exploration and should be considered in surgical planning and consent for patients requiring more than one ERCP procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Rochefort
- Divisions of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Abdominal Organ Transplant Surgery and
| | - Lea Matsuoka
- Divisions of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Abdominal Organ Transplant Surgery and
| | | | - Didi Mwengela
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - James Buxbaum
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Azagury DE, Dua MM, Barrese JC, Henderson JM, Buchs NC, Ris F, Cloyd JM, Martinie JB, Razzaque S, Nicolau S, Soler L, Marescaux J, Visser BC. Image-guided surgery. Curr Probl Surg 2015; 52:476-520. [PMID: 26683419 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan E Azagury
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Monica M Dua
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - James C Barrese
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jaimie M Henderson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Nicolas C Buchs
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Ris
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - John B Martinie
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC
| | - Sharif Razzaque
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC
| | - Stéphane Nicolau
- IRCAD (Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer), Strasbourg, France
| | - Luc Soler
- IRCAD (Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer), Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques Marescaux
- IRCAD (Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer), Strasbourg, France
| | - Brendan C Visser
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
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26
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Aoki T, Murakami M, Koizumi T, Fujimori A, Gareer H, Enami Y, Koike R, Watanabe M, Otsuka K. Three-Dimensional Virtual Endoscopy for Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Liver Resection. J Am Coll Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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März K, Hafezi M, Weller T, Saffari A, Nolden M, Fard N, Majlesara A, Zelzer S, Maleshkova M, Volovyk M, Gharabaghi N, Wagner M, Emami G, Engelhardt S, Fetzer A, Kenngott H, Rezai N, Rettinger A, Studer R, Mehrabi A, Maier-Hein L. Toward knowledge-based liver surgery: holistic information processing for surgical decision support. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2015; 10:749-59. [PMID: 25847671 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-015-1187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant neoplasms of the liver are among the most frequent cancers worldwide. Given the diversity of options for liver cancer therapy, the choice of treatment depends on various parameters including patient condition, tumor size and location, liver function, and previous interventions. To address this issue, we present the first approach to treatment strategy planning based on holistic processing of patient-individual data, practical knowledge (i.e., case knowledge), and factual knowledge (e.g., clinical guidelines and studies). METHODS The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) a formalized dynamic patient model that incorporates all the heterogeneous data acquired for a specific patient in the whole course of disease treatment; (2) a concept for formalizing factual knowledge; and (3) a technical infrastructure that enables storing, accessing, and processing of heterogeneous data to support clinical decision making. RESULTS Our patient model, which currently covers 602 patient-individual parameters, was successfully instantiated for 184 patients. It was sufficiently comprehensive to serve as the basis for the formalization of a total of 72 rules extracted from studies on patients with colorectal liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma. For a subset of 70 patients with these diagnoses, the system derived an average of [Formula: see text] assertions per patient. CONCLUSION The proposed concept paves the way for holistic treatment strategy planning by enabling joint storing and processing of heterogeneous data from various information sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- K März
- Department of Medical and Biological Informatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany,
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28
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Joo I. The role of intraoperative ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of focal hepatic lesions. Ultrasonography 2015; 34:246-57. [PMID: 25971896 PMCID: PMC4603208 DOI: 10.14366/usg.15014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) has been widely utilized in hepatic surgery both as a diagnostic technique and in the course of treatment. Since IOUS involves direct-contact imaging of the target organ, it can provide high spatial resolution without interference from the surrounding structures. Therefore, IOUS may improve the detection, characterization, localization, and local staging of hepatic tumors. IOUS is also a real-time imaging modality capable of providing interactive information and valuable guidance in a range of procedures. Recently, contrast-enhanced IOUS, IOUS elastography, and IOUS-guided hepatic surgery have attracted increasing interest and are expected to lead to the broader implementation of IOUS. Herein, we review the various applications of IOUS in the diagnosis and management of focal hepatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijin Joo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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29
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Kenngott HG, Wagner M, Nickel F, Wekerle AL, Preukschas A, Apitz M, Schulte T, Rempel R, Mietkowski P, Wagner F, Termer A, Müller-Stich BP. Computer-assisted abdominal surgery: new technologies. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015; 400:273-81. [PMID: 25701196 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-015-1289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computer-assisted surgery is a wide field of technologies with the potential to enable the surgeon to improve efficiency and efficacy of diagnosis, treatment, and clinical management. PURPOSE This review provides an overview of the most important new technologies and their applications. METHODS A MEDLINE database search was performed revealing a total of 1702 references. All references were considered for information on six main topics, namely image guidance and navigation, robot-assisted surgery, human-machine interface, surgical processes and clinical pathways, computer-assisted surgical training, and clinical decision support. Further references were obtained through cross-referencing the bibliography cited in each work. Based on their respective field of expertise, the authors chose 64 publications relevant for the purpose of this review. CONCLUSION Computer-assisted systems are increasingly used not only in experimental studies but also in clinical studies. Although computer-assisted abdominal surgery is still in its infancy, the number of studies is constantly increasing, and clinical studies start showing the benefits of computers used not only as tools of documentation and accounting but also for directly assisting surgeons during diagnosis and treatment of patients. Further developments in the field of clinical decision support even have the potential of causing a paradigm shift in how patients are diagnosed and treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kenngott
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kinoshita H, Nakagawa K, Usui Y, Iwamura M, Ito A, Miyajima A, Hoshi A, Arai Y, Baba S, Matsuda T. High-definition resolution three-dimensional imaging systems in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: randomized comparative study with high-definition resolution two-dimensional systems. Surg Endosc 2014; 29:2203-9. [PMID: 25361650 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems have been introduced worldwide for surgical instrumentation. A difficulty of laparoscopic surgery involves converting two-dimensional (2D) images into 3D images and depth perception rearrangement. 3D imaging may remove the need for depth perception rearrangement and therefore have clinical benefits. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial to compare the surgical outcome of 3D-high-definition (HD) resolution and 2D-HD imaging in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), in order to determine whether an LRP under HD resolution 3D imaging is superior to that under HD resolution 2D imaging in perioperative outcome, feasibility, and fatigue. One-hundred twenty-two patients were randomly assigned to a 2D or 3D group. The primary outcome was time to perform vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA), which is technically demanding and may include a number of technical difficulties considered in laparoscopic surgeries. RESULTS VUA time was not significantly shorter in the 3D group (26.7 min, mean) compared with the 2D group (30.1 min, mean) (p = 0.11, Student's t test). However, experienced surgeons and 3D-HD imaging were independent predictors for shorter VUA times (p = 0.000, p = 0.014, multivariate logistic regression analysis). Total pneumoperitoneum time was not different. No conversion case from 3D to 2D or LRP to open RP was observed. Fatigue was evaluated by a simulation sickness questionnaire and critical flicker frequency. Results were not different between the two groups. Subjective feasibility and satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the 3D group. CONCLUSIONS Using a 3D imaging system in LRP may have only limited advantages in decreasing operation times over 2D imaging systems. However, the 3D system increased surgical feasibility and decreased surgeons' effort levels without inducing significant fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Kinoshita
- Department Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, 573-1010, Japan,
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Subject-specific real-time respiratory liver motion compensation method for ultrasound-MRI/CT fusion imaging. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2014; 10:517-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-014-1085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Uchida M. Recent advances in 3D computed tomography techniques for simulation and navigation in hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:239-45. [PMID: 24464989 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A few years ago it could take several hours to complete a 3D image using a 3D workstation. Thanks to advances in computer science, obtaining results of interest now requires only a few minutes. Many recent 3D workstations or multimedia computers are equipped with onboard 3D virtual patient modeling software, which enables patient-specific preoperative assessment and virtual planning, navigation, and tool positioning. Although medical 3D imaging can now be conducted using various modalities, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and ultrasonography (US) among others, the highest quality images are obtained using CT data, and CT images are now the most commonly used source of data for 3D simulation and navigation image. If the 2D source image is bad, no amount of 3D image manipulation in software will provide a quality 3D image. In this exhibition, the recent advances in CT imaging technique and 3D visualization of the hepatobiliary and pancreatic abnormalities are featured, including scan and image reconstruction technique, contrast-enhanced techniques, new application of advanced CT scan techniques, and new virtual reality simulation and navigation imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Uchida
- Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
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Ultrasound-based tumor movement compensation during navigated laparoscopic liver interventions. Surg Endosc 2014; 28:1734-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-013-3374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Urade T, Fukumoto T, Tanaka M, Kido M, Takebe A, Kuramitsu K, Chuma M, Matsumoto I, Ajiki T, Ku Y. Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonic cholangiography for real-time biliary navigation in hepatobiliary surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2013; 218:e43-50. [PMID: 24315893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Urade
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Fukumoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Motofumi Tanaka
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kido
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takebe
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kaori Kuramitsu
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masashi Chuma
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ippei Matsumoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ajiki
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yonson Ku
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Virtual liver resection: computer-assisted operation planning using a three-dimensional liver representation. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2013; 20:157-64. [PMID: 23135735 DOI: 10.1007/s00534-012-0574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In liver surgery, understanding the complicated liver structures and a detailed evaluation of the functional liver remnant volume are essential to perform safe surgical procedures. Recent advances in imaging technology have enabled operation planning using three-dimensional (3D) image-processing software. Virtual liver resection systems provide (1) 3D imaging of liver structures, (2) detailed volumetric analyses based on portal perfusion, and (3) quantitative estimates of the venous drainage area, enabling the investigation of uncharted fields that cannot be examined using a conventional two-dimensional modality. The next step in computer-assisted liver surgery is the application of a virtual hepatectomy to real-time operations. However, the need for a precise alignment between the preoperative imaging data and the intraoperative situation remains to be adequately addressed, since the liver is subject to deformation and respiratory movements during the surgical procedures. We expect that the practical application of a navigation system for transferring the preoperative planning to real-time operations could make liver surgery safer and more standardized in the near future.
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Donati M, Basile F, Stavrou GA, Oldhafer KJ. Navigation systems in liver surgery: the new challenge for surgical research. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2013; 23:372-5. [PMID: 23410118 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2012.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The authors describe the theoretical basis and development of simulation systems that led to the birth of "navigation in liver surgery." Navigation is a new technological application in the surgical field that has already been successfully used in neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery. A precondition to navigate a liver resection is the availability of a map. There are three main methods to acquire images and build a three-dimensional map. Efforts to make navigation "feasible" have been made, but some limits are still affecting the method. Lack of millimetric accuracy, deformation of the liver parenchyma during resection, and breathing movements are some of the most important criticisms of this method, which, however, is still in its infancy. Not only experimental applications but also current and future foreseeable applications of such a technology are overviewed. Goals of this technology should be to reduce the intraoperative stress on surgeons, to shorten resection time, and even indirectly to enlarge resectability of patients. Further developments of this new technology applied to liver surgery could lead in the near future to safer and more precise resections, reducing the risk of postoperative liver failure, even in the presence of large anatomical alterations or, even more frequently in this surgical field, anatomical variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Donati
- General and Oncologic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Vittorio Emanuele University Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Kingham TP, Scherer MA, Neese BW, Clements LW, Stefansic JD, Jarnagin WR. Image-guided liver surgery: intraoperative projection of computed tomography images utilizing tracked ultrasound. HPB (Oxford) 2012; 14:594-603. [PMID: 22882196 PMCID: PMC3461385 DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2012.00487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound (US) is the most commonly used form of image guidance during liver surgery. However, the use of navigation systems that incorporate instrument tracking and three-dimensional visualization of preoperative tomography is increasing. This report describes an initial experience using an image-guidance system with navigated US. METHODS An image-guidance system was used in a total of 50 open liver procedures to aid in localization and targeting of liver lesions. An optical tracking system was employed to localize surgical instruments. Customized hardware and calibration of the US transducer were required. The results of three procedures are highlighted in order to illustrate specific navigation techniques that proved useful in the broader patient cohort. RESULTS Over a 7-month span, the navigation system assisted in completing 21 (42%) of the procedures, and tracked US alone provided additional information required to perform resection or ablation in six procedures (12%). Average registration time during the three illustrative procedures was <1 min. Average set-up time was approximately 5 min per procedure. CONCLUSIONS The Explorer™ Liver guidance system represents novel technology that continues to evolve. This initial experience indicates that image guidance is valuable in certain procedures, specifically in cases in which difficult anatomy or tumour location or echogenicity limit the usefulness of traditional guidance methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Peter Kingham
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - William R Jarnagin
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NY, USA
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Sato I, Nakamura R. Positioning error evaluation of GPU-based 3D ultrasound surgical navigation system for moving targets by using optical tracking system. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2012; 8:379-93. [PMID: 22911051 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-012-0789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A near real-time three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound navigation system has been developed for guiding surgery involving internal organs that move and change shape (e.g., abdominal surgery, fetal surgery). In practical applications, significant errors arise between the actual navigation-image positions depending on the time delay of the system. Therefore, the positioning error of the system relative to the target velocity was evaluated. METHODS We developed a method for evaluating the positioning error of a graphics processing unit-based 3D ultrasound surgical navigation system (with an optical tracking system) for moving targets. The effectiveness of this system was quantitatively evaluated in terms of its image processing runtime, target registration error (TRE), and positioning error for a moving target. The positioning error was evaluated for a phantom (with an optical tracking marker) moving at speeds of 5-25 mm/s, and the navigation target was the center point of the phantom. The imaging range of the volume data was set to the maximum angle and range of the ultrasound diagnostic system (update rate: 4 Hz). RESULTS The image processing runtime was 27.43 ± 4.80 ms, and the TRE was 1.50 ± 0.28 mm. The positioning error was 4.24 ± 0.12 mm for a target moving at a speed of 10 mm/s and 5.36 ± 0.10 mm for one moving at 15 mm/s. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of an ultrasound navigation system was quantitatively evaluated by using the positioning error for a moving target. This navigation system demonstrated high calculation speed and positioning accuracy for a moving target. Therefore, it is suitable to guide the surgery of abdominal internal organs (e.g., in fetal and abdominal surgeries) that move or change shape during breathing and surgical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuma Sato
- Department of Media Architecture, Faculty of System Information Science Engineering, Future University Hakodate, 116-2 Kamedanakano, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8655, Japan
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Wang D, Tewfik AH. Real time 3D visualization of intraoperative organ deformations using structured dictionary. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2012; 31:924-937. [PMID: 22127996 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2011.2177470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Restricted visualization of the surgical field is one of the most critical challenges for minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Current intraoperative visualization systems are promising. However, they can hardly meet the requirements of high resolution and real time 3D visualization of the surgical scene to support the recognition of anatomic structures for safe MIS procedures. In this paper, we present a new approach for real time 3D visualization of organ deformations based on optical imaging patches with limited field-of-view and a single preoperative scan of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). The idea for reconstruction is motivated by our empirical observation that the spherical harmonic coefficients corresponding to distorted surfaces of a given organ lie in lower dimensional subspaces in a structured dictionary that can be learned from a set of representative training surfaces. We provide both theoretical and practical designs for achieving these goals. Specifically, we discuss details about the selection of limited optical views and the registration of partial optical images with a single preoperative MRI/CT scan. The design proposed in this paper is evaluated with both finite element modeling data and ex vivo experiments. The ex vivo test is conducted on fresh porcine kidneys using 3D MRI scans with 1.2 mm resolution and a portable laser scanner with an accuracy of 0.13 mm. Results show that the proposed method achieves a sub-3 mm spatial resolution in terms of Hausdorff distance when using only one preoperative MRI scan and the optical patch from the single-sided view of the kidney. The reconstruction frame rate is between 10 frames/s and 39 frames/s depending on the complexity of the test model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
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Schwaiger J, Markert M, Shevchenko N, Lueth TC. The effects of real-time image navigation in operative liver surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2011; 6:785-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-011-0557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Giangregorio F. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for Echographic Detection of Hepato Cellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic Patients Previously Treated with Multiple Techniques: Comparison of Conventional US, Spiral CT and 3-Dimensional CEUS with Navigator Technique (3DNav CEUS). Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:1763-76. [PMID: 24212781 PMCID: PMC3757389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3021763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A commercially available technique named “NAVIGATOR” (Esaote, Italy) easily enables a 3-D reconstruction of a single 2-D acquisition of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) imaging of the whole liver (with a volumetric correction thanks to the electromagnetic device of NAVIGATOR). Aim of the study was to evaluate this “panoramic” technique in comparison with conventional US and spiral CT in the detection of new hepatic lesions. 144 cirrhotic patients (previously treated for hepato cellular carcinoma (HCC)) in follow-up with detection of 98 new nodules (N), 28 multinodular (Nmulti), 14 loco-regional regrowth (LR) 94 efficaciously treated without new nodules (neg) and four multinodular without new nodules, were submitted to 200 examinations with this new technique from November 2008 to November 2009. 3DNavCEUS was performed using SonoVue (Bracco), as contrast agent, and a machine (Technos MPX, Esaote). Spiral CT and 3DNav CEUS were performed in the same month during follow up. Sens.,Spec.,diagn.-Acc.,PPV and NPV were evaluated; comparison and differences between the techniques were obtained with chi-square (SPSS release-15). Final diagnosis was: 98 new lesions (N) (one to three), 28 multinodular HCC (Nmulti) and 14 loco-regional regrowth (LR); in 94 no more lesions were observed during follow-up; conventional US obtained: 58 N (+18 multinodularN and 8 LR), 40 false negative (+10 Nmulti and 6 LR) (sens:59.2, spec:100%, Diagn Accur:73.6, PPV:100; NPV:70.1); spiral CT obtained: 84N (+26-multinodularN and 14-LR), 14 false-negative (+2-Nmulti), and one false-positive (sens:85.7, spec:97.9%, Diagn Accur:90.9, PPV:97.7; NPV:86.8); 3DNAV obtained: 92N (+28 multinodularN and 14LR), 6 false-negative, and two false-positives (sens:93.9, spec:97.9%, Diagn Accur:95.6, PPV:97.9; NPV:93.9). 3-DNav CEUS is significantly better than US and almost similar to spiral CT for detection of new HCC. This technique, in particular, showed the presence of lesions even in the cases not detected with spiral CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giangregorio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Via Taverna 49, Piacenza 29121, Italy.
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Peterhans M, vom Berg A, Dagon B, Inderbitzin D, Baur C, Candinas D, Weber S. A navigation system for open liver surgery: design, workflow and first clinical applications. Int J Med Robot 2010; 7:7-16. [PMID: 21341357 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of liver tumours relies on precise localization of the lesions and detailed knowledge of the patient-specific vascular and biliary anatomy. Detailed three-dimensional (3D) anatomical information facilitates complete tumour removal while preserving a sufficient amount of functional liver tissue. METHODS We present an easy to use, clinically applicable navigation system for efficient visualization and tool guidance during liver surgery. Accurate instrument guidance within 3D planning models was achieved with a fast registration procedure, assuming a locally rigid and temporarily static scenario. After deformations occurring during the procedure, efficient means for registration updates are provided. Special focus was given to workflow integration and the minimization of overhead time. The navigation system was validated with nine clinical cases. RESULTS Navigated surgical interventions were performed with a median time overhead of 16.5 min. The navigation technology had a median accuracy of 6.3 mm, improving anatomical orientation and the detection of structures at risk. CONCLUSIONS Successful application of the navigation technology to open liver surgery was achieved by minimizing the procedural complexity and optimizing integration within the existing surgical environment. The assumption of locally rigid patient registration was validated, and clinical evaluation shows clear benefits for the surgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peterhans
- ARTORG Center for Computer Aided Surgery and Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Stauffacherstrasse 78, Bern, Switzerland.
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Chopra SS, Schmidt SC, Eisele R, Teichgräber U, Van der Voort I, Seebauer C, Streitparth F, Schumacher G. Initial results of MR-guided liver resection in a high-field open MRI. Surg Endosc 2010; 24:2506-12. [PMID: 20229210 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-010-0994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to evaluate high-field open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for intraoperative real-time imaging during hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection. MR guidance has several advantages compared to ultrasound and may represent a future technique for abdominal surgery. Various MRI-safe and -compatible instruments were developed, tested, and applied to realize minimally invasive liver surgery under MR guidance. As proof of the concept, liver resection was performed in a porcine model. METHODS All procedures were conducted in a 1.0-T open MRI unit. Imaging quality and surgical results were documented during three cadaveric and two live animal procedures. A nonferromagnetic hand port was used for manual access and the liver tissue was dissected using a Nd:YAG laser. RESULTS The intervention time ranged from 126 to 145 min, with a dissection time from 11 to 15 min. Both live animals survived the intervention with a blood loss of 250 and 170 ml and a specimen weight of 138 and 177 g. A dynamic T2W fast spin-echo sequence allowed real-time imaging (1.5 s/image) with good delineation of major and small hepatic vessels. The newly developed MR-compatible instruments and camera system caused only minor interferences and artifacts of the MR image. CONCLUSION MR-guided liver resection is feasible and provides additional image information to the surgeon. We conclude that MR-guided laparoscopic liver resection improves the anatomical orientation and may increase the safety of future minimally invasive liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Santosh Chopra
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité Campus Virchow Clinic, University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Lamata P, Lamata F, Sojar V, Makowski P, Massoptier L, Casciaro S, Ali W, Stüdeli T, Declerck J, Elle OJ, Elle OJ, Edwin B, Edwin B. Use of the Resection Map system as guidance during hepatectomy. Surg Endosc 2010; 24:2327-37. [PMID: 20177937 PMCID: PMC2939346 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-010-0915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The objective of this work is to evaluate a new concept of intraoperative three-dimensional (3D) visualization system to support hepatectomy. The Resection Map aims to provide accurate cartography for surgeons, who can therefore anticipate risks, increase their confidence and achieve safer liver resection. Methods In an experimental prospective cohort study, ten consecutive patients admitted for hepatectomy to three European hospitals were selected. Liver structures (portal veins, hepatic veins, tumours and parenchyma) were segmented from a recent computed tomography (CT) study of each patient. The surgeon planned the resection preoperatively and read the Resection Map as reference guidance during the procedure. Objective (amount of bleeding, tumour resection margin and operating time) and subjective parameters were retrieved after each case. Results Three different surgeons operated on seven patients with the navigation aid of the Resection Map. Veins displayed in the Resection Map were identified during the surgical procedure in 70.1% of cases, depending mainly on size. Surgeons were able to track resection progress and experienced improved orientation and increased confidence during the procedure. Conclusions The Resection Map is a pragmatic solution to enhance the orientation and confidence of the surgeon. Further studies are needed to demonstrate improvement in patient safety.
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Interventional navigation systems for treatment of unresectable liver tumor. Med Biol Eng Comput 2009; 48:103-11. [PMID: 20041312 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-009-0568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with liver tumors are not candidates for surgical resection. A number of local treatment methods for unresectable liver tumors have recently received considerable interests. The major task of these procedures is accurate needle placement with the aim of complete tumor removal and minimal damage to surrounding normal liver parenchyma. In this article, we review the current status of interventional navigation system (INS) for treatment of unresectable liver tumors in terms of overall workflow, tracking systems, and research development. The conceptual design of INS consists of pre-operative and intra-operative modules. The tracking system falls into three types: optical, electromagnetic, and MR gradient based. The current INS, according to their image modalities, can be classified into four categories: MRI based, CT based, U/S based, and multimodalities based. The article also discusses the future research direction for enhanced performance of INS with real time imaging, high accuracy, high resolution, and friendly user-interface.
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Intraoperative fluorescent imaging using indocyanine green for liver mapping and cholangiography. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2009; 17:590-4. [PMID: 19844652 DOI: 10.1007/s00534-009-0197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative imaging is widely used and extremely helpful in hepatobiliary surgery. However, transfer of preoperative data to a intraoperative situation is very difficult. Surgeons need intraoperative anatomical information using imaging data for safe and precise operation in the field of hepatobiliary surgery. We have developed a new system for mapping liver segments and cholangiograms using intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence under infrared light observation. METHOD The imaging technique for mapping liver segments and cholangiogram based on ICG fluorescence used an infrared-based navigation system. Eighty one patients with liver tumors underwent hepatectomy from 2006, January to 2009, March. In liver surgery, 1 ml of ICG was injected via the portal vein under observation by the fluorescent imaging system. Fourteen patients were underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystitis with gallstones. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 5 ml of ICG was administered intravenously just before operation and the bile duct was observed using the infrared-based navigation system. RESULT This new technique successfully identified stained subsegments and segments of the liver in 73 of 81 patients (90.1%). Moreover, clear mapping of liver segments was obtained even against a background of liver cirrhosis. Fluorescent cholangiography clearly showed the common bile duct and cystic duct in 10 of 14 patients (71.4%). No adverse reactions to the ICG were encountered. CONCLUSION Application of this technique allows intraoperative identification of anatomical landmark in hepatobiliary surgery.
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Xu HX, Lu MD, Xie XH, Xie XY, Kuang M, Xu ZF, Liu GJ, Wang Z, Chen LD, Lin MX. Treatment response evaluation with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound for liver cancer after local therapies. Eur J Radiol 2009; 76:81-8. [PMID: 19500929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential usefulness of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) in evaluating the treatment response for liver cancer after local therapies. METHODS A total of 107 lesions in 95 consecutive patients with liver cancer underwent local therapies and thereafter received low acoustic power 3D-CEUS examination. The LOGIQ 9 ultrasound scanner and a volume transducer were used and the ultrasound contrast agent was SonoVue. The image quality of 3D-CEUS images was evaluated and the influence of 3D-CEUS to clinical outcome was investigated. RESULTS The image quality of 3D-CEUS was defined as high in 102 (102/107, 95.3%) lesions and common in 5 (5/107, 4.7%) lesions. 3D-CEUS did not change the diagnosis in any patient compared with 2D-CEUS. However, 3D-CEUS changed the management in 3 (2.8%) of 107 lesions, increased confidence but made no change in diagnosis in 85 (79.5%) lesions, added some information but did not change management or diagnosis in 15 (14.0%), and made no change in 4 (3.7%), respectively, in comparison with 2D-CEUS. CONCLUSION 3D-CEUS enhances the diagnostic confidence in the majority of the patients and even changes the management in some patients. 3D-CEUS has potential usefulness in evaluating treatment response for liver cancer after local therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Su LM, Vagvolgyi BP, Agarwal R, Reiley CE, Taylor RH, Hager GD. Augmented Reality During Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Toward Real-Time 3D-CT to Stereoscopic Video Registration. Urology 2009; 73:896-900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 10/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Oldhafer KJ, Stavrou GA, Prause G, Peitgen HO, Lueth TC, Weber S. How to operate a liver tumor you cannot see. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2009; 394:489-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-009-0469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Xu HX, Lu MD, Xie XH, Xie XY, Xu ZF, Chen LD, Liu GJ, Liang JY, Lin MX, Wang Z, Huang B. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver: experience of 92 cases. ULTRASONICS 2009; 49:377-385. [PMID: 19041996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) is a combination of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). To evaluate the feasibility of 3D-CEUS in liver imaging, investigate possible influencing factors to its image quality, and evaluate the influence of 3D-CEUS to clinical outcome, low acoustic power (mechanical index, 0.08-0.13) 3D-CEUS was carried out in 102 focal liver lesions in 92 patients by using the LOGIQ 9 ultrasound scanner and a volume transducer (frequency range, 2-5 MHz; focusing ability, 2-25 cm in depth; azimuth aperture 5.9 cm). The lesions were classified into two groups: group 1 (n=51) for characterization and group 2 (n=51) for local treatment response evaluation. The factors that influenced the image quality of 3D-CEUS were analyzed. The image quality and usefulness of 3D-CEUS between the two groups were compared by using the chi(2)-test. The results showed that the lesion diameter, location, and scanning route had no significant influence on the image quality in both groups, whereas interfering factors damaged the image quality in group 1. In group 1, during arterial phase, high image quality was more frequently found in hyperenhanced and hypo- or non-enhanced lesions compared with isoenhanced lesions. In group 2, interfering factor and local treatment response had no obvious influence on the image quality. The visualization rate of high image quality was 94.1% (48/51) in group 2 vs. 72.6% (37/51) in group 1 (P=0.012). The investigators found that 3D-CEUS improved confidence but made no change in diagnosis in 19 (37.3%) of 51 lesions in group 1, whereas 41 (80.4%) of 51 lesions in group 2 (P=0.000). 3D-CEUS tends to obtain better image quality and lead to higher diagnostic confidence in the lesions for local treatment response evaluation, and perhaps is more useful in this aspect in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
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