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Nakazawa MS, Livingston JA, Zarzour MA, Bishop AJ, Ratan R, Ludwig JA, Araujo DM, Somaiah N, Ravi V, Nassif EF, Roland CL, Lazar AJ, Guadagnolo BA, Harrison DJ, Benjamin RS, Patel SR, Conley AP. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma patients on first-line systemic therapies: A single-institution cohort. Rare Tumors 2024; 16:20363613241271669. [PMID: 39105190 PMCID: PMC11299201 DOI: 10.1177/20363613241271669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Rhabdomyosarcomas are the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, and pediatric alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) prognosis has improved based on cooperative studies. However, in adults, ARMS is significantly rarer, has poorer outcomes, and currently lacks optimal treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of an adult ARMS population with different front-line systemic chemotherapies and determine if any chemotherapy regimen is associated with improved survival. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of histologically confirmed fusion-positive ARMS patients over 18 years of age, who were treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) from 2004 to 2021 and received systemic chemotherapy. Descriptive clinical statistics were performed, including staging, front-line chemotherapy, multimodal therapy usage, response rates, and survival analyses. Results: 49 ARMS patients who received upfront chemotherapy were identified. Locoregional treatments included radiotherapy (RT) alone (29%, n = 14), surgery alone (10%, n = 5), or both (45%, n = 22). Median overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort was 3.6 years, and the overall response rate to systemic therapy was 89%. No chemotherapy regimen showed OS benefit, specifically analyzing the pediatric-based vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide (VAC) or adult-based vincristine, doxorubicin, ifosfamide (VDI) regimens, even when controlled for other clinical risk factors. Conclusion: In this single-center contemporary series, adult ARMS patient outcomes remain poor. There was no statistically significant OS difference in patients who did or did not receive adult or pediatric based ARMS regimens, although a high overall response rate to chemotherapy was seen across the entire cohort. Based on these observations, further randomized prospective studies are necessary to delineate which frontline chemotherapy regimen is most beneficial in this rare adult cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Nakazawa
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Andrew Livingston
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria A Zarzour
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew J Bishop
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ravin Ratan
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph A Ludwig
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dejka M Araujo
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neeta Somaiah
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vinod Ravi
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elise F Nassif
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christina L Roland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Ashleigh Guadagnolo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Douglas J Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Benjamin
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shreyaskumar R Patel
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anthony P Conley
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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El Bakouri H, Mezouari O, Merssetti W, Harrak M, Ghozali N, Zerbani H, Sellal N, Elhfid M. A Case of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Nasal Cavity in an Adult: An Unusual Location. Cureus 2024; 16:e61815. [PMID: 38975449 PMCID: PMC11227285 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a common soft tissue tumor in children but rare in adults. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma represents a subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma, extremely rare in adults, especially within the nasal cavities. Therapeutic protocols for adults are often based on those used in pediatric cases. We present the case of a 56-year-old female patient with a history of breast cancer who developed alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasal cavity, stage III, managed initially with chemotherapy resulting in partial response. Subsequently, the patient underwent concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The clinical course was marked by local remission with metastatic progression after 18 months. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is uncommon in adults, and its therapeutic management remains non-standardized. However, it is typically based on initial chemotherapy followed by local treatment. Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis remains poor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wafaa Merssetti
- Radiation Therapy, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Mariame Harrak
- Radiation Therapy, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Niama Ghozali
- Oncology, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Hamza Zerbani
- Radiation Therapy, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Nabila Sellal
- Radiation Therapy, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Mohamed Elhfid
- Radiation Therapy, University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
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3
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Xu LJ, Cai J, Huang BX, Dong WH. Locally advanced cervical rhabdomyosarcoma in adults: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9454-9461. [PMID: 36159439 PMCID: PMC9477661 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i26.9454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue tumor of primitive mesenchymal cells origin, occurring predominantly in children and adolescents, but extremely rare in adults and the data regarding its treatment are sparse. Here, we would like to share our experience in the treatment of a locally advanced primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of cervix in a 39-year-old female.
CASE SUMMARY The patient was admitted with symptoms of intermenstrual bleeding and postcoital bleeding for six months. Physical examination revealed a friable, polyp-like mass (5 cm × 5 cm) in her cervix protruding into the vagina, while the uterus was mobile and normal-sized. Colposcopy-directed biopsy was performed, and a pathological diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was made. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed that the cervical volume was significantly increased, with a hypointense and hyperintense soft tissue mass on the right side, invading the cervical stroma; the mass was 5 cm × 5 cm with a clear boundary and confined to the cervix; there were no obvious findings indicating tumor invasion in the vaginal wall, parametrium, or pelvic wall; no enlarged lymph nodes were observed in the pelvic cavity. Based on our findings, the tumor was classified as stage IA according to the intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma studies criteria and IB3 stage according to The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2018. The patient underwent two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and a partial remission was achieved. Subsequently, she underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection and there were no risk factors revealed by postoperative pathological examination. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed after surgery. The patient was disease-free until the last follow-up, 49 mo after completing the entire treatment.
CONCLUSION Our experience suggests that neoadjuvant vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy followed by radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy might be reasonable therapeutic option for bulky cervical rhabdomyosarcoma in adults without fertility desire. Since large-scale studies on such rare conditions are rather impossible, further case reports and systematic reviews could help optimize the treatment of primary, bulky cervical rhabdomyosarcoma in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Juan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bang-Xing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei-Hong Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Chammout A, Alshutaihi MS, Kelarji AB, Naser M, Mouselli A, Alyousfi R. Adult omental alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: An unusual site. A case report and literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 81:104464. [PMID: 36147128 PMCID: PMC9486736 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Omental alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) in adults is a rare tumor and is not a common presentation of abdominal pain. We aim to report the eighth case of omental ARMS and perform a review of all publications that pertains to this topic. Case presentation we show a case of a Mediterranean 52 year old smoker male, complaining of unbearable dull pain in the right iliac fossa. He had no relevant medical history other than general abdominal pain in the past several months. Clinical Discussion the chief complaint was abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis. Physical examination showed a palpable mass in that region. Ultrasound and CT scan revealed a mass arising from the omentum. At this point we excluded the diagnosis of appendicitis and a laparotomy with biopsies sampling had been performed. The microscopical examination led to the diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS). Treatment involved multidisciplinary care but the patient died during chemotherapy. Conclusion Adult rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are rare tumors that can arise from any soft tissue including omentum and should be taken into consideration when dealing with primary tumors that originate from the omental area. The studies and our understanding for this neoplasm are still very limited and should be expanded widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Chammout
- Department of Oncology, University of Aleppo, Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Mohamad Sami Alshutaihi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aleppo University Hospital, Sami Alkayali Street, Almouhafaza, Aleppo, Syria
| | | | - Mouiad Naser
- Department of Oncology,Aleppo University Hospital, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Asaad Mouselli
- Department of Oncology,Aleppo University Hospital, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Rama Alyousfi
- Department of Pathology, Aleppo University Hospital, Aleppo, Syria
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5
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Al Ghamdi AS, Alharbi NM, Miyajan KF, Hazzazi AA, Fadel AA, Tabba N. Alveolar Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma in an Adult Patient Mimicking Epididymo-Orchitis: A Case Report and a Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e24786. [PMID: 35673308 PMCID: PMC9165913 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) present in the pediatric age group with a unilateral, painless, palpable scrotum mass. By contrast, cases of RMS presenting as painful edema are rare. We present a case of alveolar paratesticular RMS in a 30-year-old man who had been suffering from a painful swelling of the scrotum on the left side for two years and a preceding mass four months before visiting the clinic. Complete resection of the left epididymal mass was performed through a left inguinal incision. The histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of the mass revealed alveolar RMS of the paratesticular region. Urologists should be aware that paratesticular RMS may present in adults with atypical symptoms such as scrotal pain and edema, especially in those who do not respond to antibiotics. Hence, such patients should have an additional evaluation.
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6
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Dondapati M, Reyes JVM, Ahmad S, Stern AS, Lieber JJ. Rare Adult Subtype of Rhabdomyosarcoma, a Common Childhood Soft Tissue Carcinoma. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:23247096211042236. [PMID: 34459267 PMCID: PMC8408890 DOI: 10.1177/23247096211042236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma of primitive mesenchymal cells, showing varying degrees of striated skeletal muscle cell differentiation. It is a very common cancer of childhood and adolescence, but rarely seen in the adult population. Here, we present a case of a 33-year-old male presented with a poorly differentiated desmin positive alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in the left arm. The prognosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in adults is very poor, frequently detected at advanced stages or with metastases. The alveolar subtype in particular has been found to have a more aggressive course with a high rate of metastasis. Recent studies have shown that using pediatric treatment guidelines resulted in better survival outcomes and local control, but the survival rates are still below that of the pediatric population. Newer studies are looking into using specific molecular markers for more targeted therapy in hopes of further improving survival rates in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saad Ahmad
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst, NY, USA
| | - Aaron S Stern
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst, NY, USA
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7
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Meng L, Zhang Q, Han Q, Sun X, Liu Y, Huang X. Embryonic cervical rhabdomyosarcoma complicated with uterine inversion with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis as the first symptom: a case report and literature review. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211031776. [PMID: 34369193 PMCID: PMC8358511 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211031776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The probability of rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in the cervix is less than 0.5% and may be associated with a pathogenic dicer 1, ribonuclease III (DICER1) gene variation. Tumour-induced hypercoagulability and high levels of cancer antigen (CA) 125 are risk factors for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). In addition, although nonpuerperal uterine inversion is very rare and is usually caused by leiomyomas from the uterus, large cervical masses can also be the cause. This case report describes a 24-year-old woman with uterine inversion caused by an embryonic cervical rhabdomyosarcoma that presented with CVST as her first symptom. The patient underwent laparoscopic total uterus and bilateral salpingectomy, during which the uterus was found to be completely inverted. Postoperative pathology confirmed embryonic cervical rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient quickly developed lung and para-aortic lymph node metastases. Two months later, the patient died of complications. When coagulation indices in patients with tumours are abnormal, especially when the levels of D-dimer and CA125 increase, it is recommended that anticoagulant therapy is administered in a timely manner to prevent the occurrence of CVST. Furthermore, for large cervical tumours, physicians should also be alert to the occurrence of uterine inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qingqing Han
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xianghang Sun
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xianghua Huang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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8
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Pawlik J, Pawlik W, Branecka-Woźniak D, Kotrych K, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Cervix in a Post-Menopausal Woman-An Unparalleled Phenomenon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157851. [PMID: 34360144 PMCID: PMC8345433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix is a soft tissue sarcoma that usually occurs in young women. It is very rare in adulthood. We discuss symptoms, the process of diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma embryonale of the cervix in a 61-year-old women and differences in treatment dependent on patient’s age. A 61-year-old woman with symptoms such as palpable mass in the external cervical opening and post-menopausal hemorrhaging was admitted to the oncology ward where excision of the polyp was performed. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) was diagnosed by histopathological examination of obtained tissues. The diagnosis was complemented by chest computed tomography and pelvis magnetic resonance imaging to exclude metastases. A Wertheim–Meigs operation and excision of the ovaries, the fallopian tubes and the surrounding tissue was performed in the course of treatment. In the patient’s follow-up of 25 months to date, there have been no signs of recurrence or symptoms connected to ERMS. Based on the therapeutic outcome, the decision to limit the treatment to a surgical resection was adequate for a post-menopausal patient. Because of the rarity of ERMS in the post-menopausal age, we think that the patient should be carefully followed up to further examine this issue and develop diagnostic and treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Pawlik
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.P.); (A.C.-P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Weronika Pawlik
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.P.); (A.C.-P.)
| | - Dorota Branecka-Woźniak
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kotrych
- Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.P.); (A.C.-P.)
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9
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Li ZJ, Li CL, Wang W, Fu XY, Zhen YQ. Diagnosis and treatment of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterus: a rare case report and review of the literature. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211014360. [PMID: 34034549 PMCID: PMC8161909 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211014360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas of the uterus (PRMSu) is a rare malignant tumor of the female genital tract. Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of PRMSu are important. We report an 81-year-old woman who was diagnosed with PRMSu. She had an extremely unusual presentation of secondary dyspnea because of an extremely large uterus (26.0 cm). Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed rare severe enlargement and intrauterine filling with tumor tissue, and she was initially diagnosed with uterine leiomyosarcoma. The patient underwent hysterectomy, as well as bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy, and was finally confirmed as having PRMSu by histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry. We performed a systematic review of the literature between 1982 and 2020 and focused on different treatment strategies and prognosis of PRMSu. A retrospective review of 28 cases was conducted and survival analysis was estimated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. We found that the accuracy of diagnosis of PRMSu completely depends on histopathology and immunohistochemistry because of no special clinical symptoms, no sensitive tumor markers, and no special imaging findings. Although there is no standardized approach for treating this rare disease, the treatment strategy of a surgical operation combined with adjuvant chemotherapy appears to be the best choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Li
- Department of Gynecology, ZheJiang QuHua Hospital, QuZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Cheng-Lie Li
- Department of Pathology, ZheJiang QuHua Hospital, QuZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center of Clinical Imaging Diagnosis, ZheJiang QuHua Hospital, QuZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Fu
- Department of Gynecology, ZheJiang QuHua Hospital, QuZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhen
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, ZheJiang QuHua Hospital, QuZhou, ZheJiang, China
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10
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Aljehani AM, Abu-Zaid A, Alomar O, Jabrah EA, Alkushi A. Primary Uterine Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 54-Year-Old Postmenopausal Woman. Cureus 2020; 12:e9841. [PMID: 32953348 PMCID: PMC7497219 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant neoplasm that originates from undifferentiated myogenic progenitor cells. It is predominantly a pediatric disease, and its occurrence in adults is exceedingly rare. Adult primary RMS of gynecologic origin is an uncommon phenomenon, and the cervix is the most frequently involved site. The incidence of adult primary uterine RMS is extremely scarce. Herein, we present the case of primary uterine RMS in a 54-year-old Saudi postmenopausal woman who presented to clinic attention with a six-month history of abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala M Aljehani
- Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Osama Alomar
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Emad A Jabrah
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulmohsen Alkushi
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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11
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Taza F, Kanwal A, Zulty M, Mustafa S. High-grade pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in a 60-year-old male: a case report and review of the literature. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2020; 10:287-289. [PMID: 32850081 PMCID: PMC7426990 DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2020.1766820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive malignant soft-tissue sarcoma that develop from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Less than 1% of all adult solid malignant cancers are sarcomas, and RMSs represent less than 2–5% of adult sarcomas. RMS is divided into three main subtypes: Embryonal, alveolar and pleomorphic RMS (PRMS). Most common subtype in adults is PRMS. Most common primary sites are extremities, trunk wall, and genitourinary organs. Metastasis are often found at diagnosis. 5-year overall survival rates were reported in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) to be 63% for pediatric patients and 27% for adults. Given the rarity of the adult PRMS, variation in its clinical presentation, characteristics of the tumor itself and the prognosis; there are very limited data available to guide the management of adults with PRMS. Herein we present a case report of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the right thigh in a 60-year-old male who achieved a long-term survival (30 months) which was accomplished by multimodality treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Taza
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arjun Kanwal
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Zulty
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sadaf Mustafa
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Bajaj G, Tirumani H, Whisman MK, Srivastava S, Ram R, Jambhekar K, Gardner JM, Pandey T. Comprehensive Review of Abdominopelvic Mesenchymal Tumors With Radiologic Pathologic Correlation and Update on Current Treatment Guidelines-Part 2. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2020; 41:239-259. [PMID: 32446434 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft-tissue sarcomas are a diverse group of rare mesenchymal malignancies accounting for only 1% of all solid adult malignancies. These have been categorized in 12 broad groups by the World Health Organization (WHO) with their recent update in 2013. Majority of them lack specific imaging features serving as imaging conundrums for a radiologist. These are often large masses at presentation as they are asymptomatic or cause vague clinical symptoms. These tumors are challenging for surgeons as well as they find it difficult to achieve complete resection because of complex intra-abdominal anatomy and their close relationship with critical structures. Often, a multidisciplinary approach is required to decide on the most appropriate management for these complex cases so as to provide optimal patient care. Knowledge of the WHO classification, pathologic features, and treatment options available helps the radiologist make a meaningful contribution in multidisciplinary discussions of such cases and overall patient care. Liposarcoma (well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas), leiomyosarcoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor are the 3 most common primary intra-abdominal sarcomas. In part 1 of this article, general features of soft-tissue sarcomas and some of the common tumors from WHO category 1-4 found in abdomen and pelvis are discussed. Part 2 will focus on common tumors from remainder of the WHO categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Bajaj
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
| | - Harika Tirumani
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Michella K Whisman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; MSK/MRI-Body Imaging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Shweta Srivastava
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Roopa Ram
- Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Kedar Jambhekar
- MSK/MRI-Body Imaging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; Department of Radiology and Orthopedics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Jerad M Gardner
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Tarun Pandey
- Department of Radiology and Orthopedics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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13
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Yang F, Wu J, Lu X, Guo Z, Qing L, He C. Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of tunica vaginalis misdiagnosing as hydrocele: A case report and literature review. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13517. [PMID: 31965584 DOI: 10.1111/and.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of tunica vaginalis is very rare. We report a case of a 15-year-old man presenting as hydrocele. Pre-operatively, no masses were detected by ultrasonography. Hydrocelectomy was performed. At surgery, a 0.8 cm polypoid nodule and diffusely thickened tunica were found. Pathologic examination finally revealed rhabdomyosarcoma. A PET-CT was then performed and indicated scrotal implantation metastasis. The patient underwent radical inguinal orchiectomy and was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy after surgery. At 12 months of follow-up, he remained disease-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuwei Lu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuifeng Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Qing
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Nezhat C, Vu M, Vang N, Ganjoo K, Karam A, Folkins A, Nezhat A, Nezhat F. Endometriosis Malignant Transformation Review: Rhabdomyosarcoma Arising From an Endometrioma. JSLS 2019; 23:JSLS.2019.00038. [PMID: 31624455 PMCID: PMC6791399 DOI: 10.4293/jsls.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a widely known benign disease, but 0.5%–1% of cases are associated with malignancy. It has been linked with ovarian neoplasms, particularly endometrioid and clear cell adenocarcinoma histology. Rhabdomyosarcomas are rarely associated with endometriosis. Case: A 35-year-old patient underwent surgical management of endometriomas to optimize infertility treatment. She later developed abdominal pain with rapid recurrence of ovarian masses. This prompted additional surgery with biopsies diagnosing ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma. Retroactive review of pathologic specimens from her prior surgery demonstrated the neoplasm originated from her prior endometrioma. Focal areas suggested possible underlying ovarian adenosarcoma with stromal overgrowth. Discussion: The incidence of rhabdomyosarcoma arising from endometriosis is exceedingly rare. The accuracy of diagnosing endometriosis and ruling out neoplasm requires coordinated efforts of a multidisciplinary team, involving radiologists, pathologists, oncologists, and gynecologic surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camran Nezhat
- Camran Nezhat Institute, Center for Special Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Mailinh Vu
- Camran Nezhat Institute, Center for Special Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Nataliya Vang
- Camran Nezhat Institute, Center for Special Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kristen Ganjoo
- Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Amer Karam
- Stanford Women's Cancer Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ann Folkins
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Azadeh Nezhat
- Camran Nezhat Institute, Center for Special Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Farr Nezhat
- Nezhat Surgery for Gynecology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, New York, USA
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15
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Xiao W, Liang Y, Que Y, Li J, Peng R, Xu B, Wen X, Zhao J, Guan Y, Zhang X. Comparison of the MAID (AI) and CAV/IE regimens with the predictive value of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 like protein 1 (CREB3L1) in palliative chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients. J Cancer 2019; 10:3517-3525. [PMID: 31293656 PMCID: PMC6603427 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Palliative chemotherapy is currently the first-line treatment for advanced soft tissue sarcoma. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of the MAID (AI) and CAV/IE alternating regimens in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients. Since resistances to ADM-based chemotherapy and toxicity from doxorubicin are frequently observed in clinical practice, we investigated the association between CREB3L1 expression and survival in advanced soft-tissue sarcomas patients treated with doxorubicin-based palliative chemotherapy. Methods: The cohort under investigation comprised 152 patients who underwent doxorubicin-based first-line palliative chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma at our institution between January 2010 and April 2017. Immunohistochemical analysis and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the expression of CREB3L1 in soft-tissue sarcoma specimens prior to first-line palliative chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on chemotherapy regimens and CREB3L1 expression levels. The relationship between CREB3L1 expression and survival was also analyzed. Results: The CAV/IE alternating regimen yielded favorable outcomes for response and survival in patients compared with those who received MAID (AI) treatment. The most common toxicity of grades 3 and 4 was leukopenia (58.5 % in the MAID (AI) regimen; 37.1 % in the CAV/IE regimen). The incidence of febrile neutropenia after CAV/IE treatment (7.1 %) was lower than after MAID (AI) treatment (13.4 %). Grade 3 neuralgia was observed in 1.2 % of patients receiving the MAID regimen versus 8.6 % in patients receiving the CAV/IE regimen. High CREB3L1 expression was observed in 48 of 152 patients (31.6 %). Overall survival was significantly higher for CREB3L1 high-expression patients than for CREB3L1 low-expression patients, especially for those also treated with the MAID (AI) regimen. The CREB3L1 expression level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for survival by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the CAV/IE alternating regimen may be associated with a better response and more favorable survival than the MAID (AI) regimen in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients. Furthermore, the CREB3L1 expression level may predict the efficacy and survival of doxorubicin-based palliative chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, SunYat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi Que
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ruiqing Peng
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Bushu Xu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xizhi Wen
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuanxiang Guan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, SunYat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou 510060, China
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16
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Xi S, Tong W. Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma metastasis to small intestine causing intussusception: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13648. [PMID: 30572480 PMCID: PMC6319823 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) is a rare soft tissue malignancy which is frequently misdiagnosed and associated with metastasis to the lungs, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. Case studies are needed to improve the awareness of the disease and our understanding of it. PATIENT CONCERNS In this study, we present a case of a 36-year-old man with a lesion on the right back shoulder. Lesion was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) around the right armpit, subscapularis, deltoid, and infraspinatus muscle, with oozing surrounding soft tissues. DIAGNOSIS The tumor was diagnosed as PRMS which metastasized to the intestine, where it caused intussusception. INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated by complete surgery in combination with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy including ifosfamide and epirubicin. OUTCOME The patient remained alive 6 months after the treatment with no recurrence and metastasis. LESSON PRMS can be aggressive, and surgical treatment in combination with multidrug chemotherapy can be used in the management.
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17
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Pinto A, Kahn RM, Rosenberg AE, Slomovitz B, Quick CM, Whisman MK, Huang M. Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma in adults. Hum Pathol 2018; 74:122-128. [PMID: 29320751 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive mesenchymal tumor most commonly diagnosed in the pediatric population, and when occurring in adults, tends to develop in the deep soft tissue of the limbs. Primary uterine RMS comprises an even more restricted subset, with little known or reported when compared to most other gynecologic sarcomas. Our goal with this study was to retrospectively evaluate cases from two academic institutions and describe the main histopathologic findings of this rare gynecologic malignancy. A total of 8 cases were identified, consisting of 4 pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas (PRMS), 2 alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS), and 2 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (ERMS). They occurred in patients ranging from 22 to 70 years old, and the most common presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding. Most patients presented with advanced stage at diagnosis, including metastatic disease to lymph nodes and to distant sites. The masses were mostly (6/8) centered in the myometrium, while two cases arose in the cervix (2/8). Histologic characteristics of the tumors were dependent on the RMS subtype, although all cases demonstrated a similar immunohistochemical profile regardless of their subclassification. RMS of the uterus has a very poor prognosis, and data regarding treatment of this rare malignancy is limited, and usually extrapolated from non-uterine sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Pinto
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136.
| | - Ryan M Kahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital / Weill Cornell, New York, NY 10021
| | - Andrew E Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Brian Slomovitz
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Charles Matthew Quick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Michella K Whisman
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Marilyn Huang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
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18
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Is fertility-preservation safe for adult non-metastatic gynecologic rhabdomyosarcoma patients? Systematic review and pooled survival analysis of 137 patients. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 297:559-572. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Lee RJ, Lee KK, Lin T, Arshi A, Lee SA, Christensen RE. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: impact of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on survival. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 124:271-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.05.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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20
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Li H, Zhang Y, Pan Y, Hui D, Chen J, Jin Y. Clinicopathological analysis of concomitant hepatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1014-1018. [PMID: 28554759 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is extremely rare. Here we report the simultaneous occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ERMS of the liver in a 40-year-old man without any symptoms. Macroscopically, the mass was composed of two different tumors. The large tumor was 4.5×4×4cm and was poorly circumscribed and soft in the central region of left lateral lobe of the liver with apparently focal necrosis. The small tumor, with diameter of 1cm, was adjacent to the large tumor without clear boundary. Histologically, the large tumor was composed of numerous spindle-shaped or round cells with brightly eosinophilic cytoplasm as well as pathologic mitosis. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for MyoD1 and myogenin in nuclear testing. However, in the small tumor, cells demonstrated hepatocyte differentiation and were focally positive for HepPar1. A diagnosis of concomitant ERMS and HCC of the liver was made. The patient received no adjuvant treatment after hepatic left lateral lobectomy. The regular follow-up observation conducted by imaging examinations displayed that there was no sign of recurrence or metastasis of the mass over 32 months. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of ERMS of the liver associated with HCC. The diagnosis can only be made by pathological examination. The primary therapy method for this tumor is operative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yanyang Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yuhang Pan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dayang Hui
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jianning Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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21
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Zhang XJ, Cao XQ, Zhang CS, Zhao Z. 17β-estradiol protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats by regulating NADPH oxidase and apoptosis genes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2695-2702. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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22
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Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma with an impressive response to chemotherapy: case report and review of the literature. TUMORI JOURNAL 2016; 102:12657731-0DB2-49A1-A49A-AAC4020286B9. [PMID: 26952562 DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents a rare sarcoma subtype of the adult population. Due to its clinical characteristics, treatment is currently based on the guidelines for adult soft tissue sarcoma therapy. Hence, in the metastatic setting, doxorubicin-containing regimens are used in the sarcoma community, with limited treatment benefit. Scanty published data are available on the efficacy of systemic treatment. Whether treatment response and outcome of these patients could be improved by using pediatric protocols used typically in other RMS subtypes, like embryonal and alveolar RMS, is unclear. We report on an impressive effect of multiagent pediatric chemotherapy in an adult patient with metastatic pleomorphic RMS. METHODS We present the case of a 70-year-old man with metastatic pleomorphic RMS of his left thigh. Systemic chemotherapy according to the VAC regimen (vincristine, actinomycin, cyclophosphamide) was initiated. Follow-up clinical and radiologic assessment demonstrated an impressive treatment response. RESULTS Sixteen months after primary diagnosis, computed tomography scan shows no signs of tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS Our case report emphasizes that multiagent systemic therapy according to pediatric protocols should be considered in adult patients with pleomorphic RMS.
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23
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Koksal D, Ibrahimov F, Bugdayci M, Gedikoglu G, Emri S. Primary diffuse pleural rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult patient. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2015. [PMID: 26207004 DOI: 10.1177/0218492315596658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of childhood, originating from immature cells that are destinated to form striated skeletal muscle. It usually arises in the head and neck or the extremities. Primary diffuse pleural rhabdomyosarcoma is exceptionally rare. Herein we report a case of primary diffuse pleural rhabdomyosarcoma in a 48-year-old man. The diagnosis was confirmed by percutaneous pleural biopsy. Chemotherapy (cisplatin, ifosfamide, adriamycin, vincristine) was initiated due to the large volume of the tumor. After 3 months, computed tomography of the thorax showed stable radiological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Koksal
- Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferhad Ibrahimov
- Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Bugdayci
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Gedikoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Emri
- Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Liebner DA. The indications and efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in primary and recurrent sarcoma. J Surg Oncol 2015; 111:622-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.23866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Liebner
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Medical Oncology; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Informatics; Division of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio
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25
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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix in adults: a case report and literature review. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2014; 17:e12-7. [PMID: 23903199 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0b013e31827a8b8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We report a case of cervical rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult and review of literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 44-year-old, premenopausal, white woman, complained of vaginal bleeding for 2 months. The gynecological examination showed a cervical polyp protruding from the vagina. The polyp was partially removed by polypectomy. Pathological examination was diagnostic for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma-botryoid type-of the cervix. Radical class II hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy were performed. Adjuvant multidrug chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and etoposide) plus external beam radiotherapy were administered. Forty-six months after diagnosis, the patient is disease free. RESULTS Here, we report a new case and a literature review of a fairly rare cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix in an adult. Pathological features and treatment with an aggressive multimodal approach (radical surgery followed by multidrug adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy) are reported. Good treatment-tolerance and optimal results were achieved. CONCLUSIONS Every effort should be done during both the diagnostic and therapeutic phase to offer these patients the best chance of survival. Further studies on best approach, chemotherapeutic protocols, and outcome in adults are warranted.
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26
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WANG CHAOJUN, LI JUN, QIN JIE. Primary pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the adrenal gland in an adult: A case report. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:137-139. [PMID: 24348835 PMCID: PMC3861574 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 61-year-old female was referred to The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Hangzhou, China) due to a right adrenal tumor. A pre-operative transcutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy and right adrenalectomy were performed, and pathological analysis resulted in the diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Primary pleomorphic RMS of the adrenal gland in an adult is a rare condition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pleomorphic RMS of the adrenal gland in an adult diagnosed by light microscopy and immunohistochemical stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHAO-JUN WANG
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - JUN LI
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - JIE QIN
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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27
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Tang HW, Lin T, Zeng H, Wang XD. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the tunica vaginalis presenting as a tender hydrocele. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2013; 29:584-5. [PMID: 24099115 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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28
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Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm: case report and review of the literature. J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17:799-804. [PMID: 23397333 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-013-2158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaphragmatic sarcomas are extremely rare and mostly described in children. We present the case of an adult with rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm. METHODS We performed a literature review, highlighted possible diagnostic pitfalls, and discussed multidisciplinary treatment options.
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29
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Li JZ, Yu SY, Wu JH, Shao QR, Dong XM. Paeoniflorin protects myocardial cell from doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:1569-75. [PMID: 23210435 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial cell apoptosis, and paeoniflorin (PEF) has been shown to exert an antioxidant effect. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effect of PEF on DOX-induced myocardial cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms. In cultured H9c2 cells, different concentrations (1, 10, or 100 μmol/L) of PEF was added for 2 h prior to exposure to DOX (5 μmol/L) for 24 h. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by hoechst 33342 staining, and caspase-3 expression and activity. The mRNA and protein expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 and NOX4 was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Intracellular ROS and NOX activity were measured by assay kit. The results showed that DOX significantly increased myocardial cell apoptosis, increased caspase-3 expression and activity concomitantly with enhanced ROS production, and increased NOX2, NOX4 mRNA and protein expression, and NOX activity. These effects were remarkably inhibited by pretreatment of PEF. Our results suggested that PEF has a protective effect against DOX-induced myocardial cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving a decrease in ROS production by inhibition of NOX2, NOX4 expression, and NOX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhe Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Hafez MT, Hegazy MA, Abd Elwahab K, Arafa M, Abdou I, Refky B. Metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland, a case report. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2012; 4:27. [PMID: 22642938 PMCID: PMC3448520 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-4-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid gland is a known but an unusual site for metastatic tumors from various primary sites. Despite the fact that it is one of the largest vascular organs in the body, clinical and surgical cases have given an incidence of 3 % of secondary malignances of the organ. Nevertheless, thyroid metastases are not an exceptional finding at autopsy, they are encountered in 2 % to 24 % of the patients with malignant neoplasm. Soft tissue sarcomas metastatic to the thyroid are extremely rare as the majority of thyroid metastasis are caused by tumors of the kidneys, lungs, mammary glands, ovaries , and colon or by melanomas. We report a case of 22-years-old woman with right leg rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic to the thyroid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T Hafez
- Surgical oncology unit, Oncology center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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