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Kaur G, Sohanur Rahman M, Shaikh S, Panda K, Chinnapaiyan S, Santiago Estevez M, Xia L, Unwalla H, Rahman I. Emerging roles of senolytics/senomorphics in HIV-related co-morbidities. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116179. [PMID: 38556028 PMCID: PMC11410549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to cause cellular senescence and inflammation among infected individuals. While the traditional antiretroviral therapies (ART) have allowed the once fatal infection to be managed effectively, the quality of life of HIV patients on prolonged ART use is still inferior. Most of these individuals suffer from life-threatening comorbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and diabetes, to name a few. Interestingly, cellular senescence is known to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of these comorbidities as well. It is therefore important to understand the role of cellular senescence in the disease progression and co-morbidity development in HIV-infected individuals. In this respect, use of senolytic/senomorphic drugs as combination therapy with ART would be beneficial for HIV patients. This review provides a critical analysis of the current literature to determine the potential and efficacy of using senolytics/senotherapeutics in managing HIV infection, latency, and associated co-morbidities in humans. The various classes of senolytics have been studied in detail to focus on their potential to combat against HIV infections and associated pathologies with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Md Sohanur Rahman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sadiya Shaikh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kingshuk Panda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Srinivasan Chinnapaiyan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria Santiago Estevez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hoshang Unwalla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Li T, Li S, Ma K, Kong J. Application potential of senolytics in clinical treatment. Biogerontology 2024; 25:379-398. [PMID: 38109001 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Of the factors studied in individual ageing, the accumulation of senescent cells has been considered as an essential cause of organ degeneration to eventually initiate age-related diseases. Cellular senescence is attributed to the accumulation of damage for an inducement in the activation of cell cycle inhibitory pathways, resulting the cell permanently withdraw from the cell proliferation cycle. Further, senescent cells will activate the inflammatory factor secretion pathway to promote the development of various age-related diseases. Senolytics, a small molecule compound, can delay disease development and extend mammalian lifespan. The evidence from multiple trials shows that the targeted killing of senescent cells has a significant clinical application for the treatment of age-related diseases. In addition, senolytics are also significant for the development of ageing research in solid organ transplantation, which can fully develop the potential of elderly organs and reduce the age gap between demand and supply. We conclude that the main characteristics of cellular senescence, the anti-ageing drug senolytics in the treatment of chronic diseases and organ transplantation, and the latest clinical progress of related researches in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of ageing and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Li
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kefeng Ma
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Harper J, Betts MR, Lichterfeld M, Müller-Trutwin M, Margolis D, Bar KJ, Li JZ, McCune JM, Lewin SR, Kulpa D, Ávila-Ríos S, Diallo DD, Lederman MM, Paiardini M. Erratum to: Progress Note 2024: Curing HIV; Not in My Lifetime or Just Around the Corner? Pathog Immun 2024; 8:179-222. [PMID: 38505662 PMCID: PMC10949969 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.665.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael R. Betts
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mathias Lichterfeld
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michaela Müller-Trutwin
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - David Margolis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Katharine J. Bar
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Z. Li
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph M. McCune
- HIV Frontiers, Global Health Accelerator, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
| | - Sharon R. Lewin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deanna Kulpa
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Santiago Ávila-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Michael M. Lederman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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4
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Harper J, Betts MR, Lichterfeld M, Müller-Trutwin M, Margolis D, Bar KJ, Li JZ, McCune JM, Lewin SR, Kulpa D, Ávila-Ríos S, Diallo DD, Lederman MM, Paiardini M. Progress Note 2024: Curing HIV; Not in My Lifetime or Just Around the Corner? Pathog Immun 2024; 8:115-157. [PMID: 38455668 PMCID: PMC10919397 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Once a death sentence, HIV is now considered a manageable chronic disease due to the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens with minimal toxicity and a high barrier for genetic resistance. While highly effective in arresting AIDS progression and rendering the virus untransmissible in people living with HIV (PLWH) with undetectable viremia (U=U) [1, 2]), ART alone is incapable of eradicating the "reservoir" of resting, latently infected CD4+ T cells from which virus recrudesces upon treatment cessation. As of 2022 estimates, there are 39 million PLWH, of whom 86% are aware of their status and 76% are receiving ART [3]. As of 2017, ART-treated PLWH exhibit near normalized life expectancies without adjustment for socioeconomic differences [4]. Furthermore, there is a global deceleration in the rate of new infections [3] driven by expanded access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), HIV testing in vulnerable populations, and by ART treatment [5]. Therefore, despite outstanding issues pertaining to cost and access in developing countries, there is strong enthusiasm that aggressive testing, treatment, and effective viral suppression may be able to halt the ongoing HIV epidemic (ie, UNAIDS' 95-95-95 targets) [6-8]; especially as evidenced by recent encouraging observations in Sydney [9]. Despite these promising efforts to limit further viral transmission, for PLWH, a "cure" remains elusive; whether it be to completely eradicate the viral reservoir (ie, cure) or to induce long-term viral remission in the absence of ART (ie, control; Figure 1). In a previous salon hosted by Pathogens and Immunity in 2016 [10], some researchers were optimistic that a cure was a feasible, scalable goal, albeit with no clear consensus on the best route. So, how are these cure strategies panning out? In this commentary, 8 years later, we will provide a brief overview on recent advances and failures towards identifying determinants of viral persistence and developing a scalable cure for HIV. Based on these observations, and as in the earlier salon, we have asked several prominent HIV cure researchers for their perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael R. Betts
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mathias Lichterfeld
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Infectious Disease Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michaela Müller-Trutwin
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - David Margolis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Katharine J. Bar
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Z. Li
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph M. McCune
- HIV Frontiers, Global Health Accelerator, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
| | - Sharon R. Lewin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deanna Kulpa
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Santiago Ávila-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Michael M. Lederman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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5
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MacCann R, Landay AL, Mallon PWG. HIV and comorbidities - the importance of gut inflammation and the kynurenine pathway. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2023; 18:102-110. [PMID: 36722199 PMCID: PMC7614535 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this article is to review alterations in microbiota composition, diversity, and functional features in the context of chronic inflammation and comorbidities associated with HIV infection. RECENT FINDINGS The gut microbiome is an important mediator of host immunity, and disruption of gut homeostasis can contribute to both systemic inflammation and immune activation. Ageing and HIV share features of intestinal damage, microbial translocation and alterations in bacterial composition that contribute to a proinflammatory state and development of age-related comorbidities. One such inflammatory pathway reviewed is the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) producing kynurenine pathway (KP). Kynurenine metabolites regulate many biological processes including host-microbiome communication, immunity and oxidative stress and the KP in turn is influenced by the microbiome environment. Age-associated decline in NAD+ is implicated as a driving factor in many age-associated diseases, including those seen in people with HIV (PWH). Recent studies have shown that KP can influence metabolic changes in PWH, including increased abdominal adiposity and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, KP activity increases with age in the general population, but it is elevated in PWH at all ages compared to age-matched controls. Host or microbiome-mediated targeting of this pathway has merits to increase healthy longevity and has potential therapeutic applications in PWH. SUMMARY As a growing proportion of PWH age, many face increased risks of developing age-related comorbidities. Chronic inflammation, a pillar of geroscience, the science of ageing and of age-related disease, is influenced by the gut microbiome and its metabolites. Combined, these contribute to a systemic inflammatory signature. Advances in geroscience-based approaches and therapeutics offer a novel paradigm for addressing age-related diseases and chronic inflammation in HIV infection. Whether targeted inhibition of KP activity alleviates pathological conditions or promotes successful ageing in PWH remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel MacCann
- UCD Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), School of Medicine, University College Dublin
- St Vincents University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick W G Mallon
- UCD Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR), School of Medicine, University College Dublin
- St Vincents University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Potential Role of Polyphenolic Flavonoids as Senotherapeutic Agents in Degenerative Diseases and Geroprotection. Pharmaceut Med 2022; 36:331-352. [PMID: 36100824 PMCID: PMC9470070 DOI: 10.1007/s40290-022-00444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
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7
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Senotherapeutics in Cancer and HIV. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071222. [PMID: 35406785 PMCID: PMC8997781 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress-response mechanism that contributes to homeostasis maintenance, playing a beneficial role during embryogenesis and in normal adult organisms. In contrast, chronic senescence activation may be responsible for other events such as age-related disorders, HIV and cancer development. Cellular senescence activation can be triggered by different insults. Regardless of the inducer, there are several phenotypes generally shared among senescent cells: cell division arrest, an aberrant shape, increased size, high granularity because of increased numbers of lysosomes and vacuoles, apoptosis resistance, defective metabolism and some chromatin alterations. Senescent cells constitute an important area for research due to their contributions to the pathogenesis of different diseases such as frailty, sarcopenia and aging-related diseases, including cancer and HIV infection, which show an accelerated aging. Hence, a new pharmacological category of treatments called senotherapeutics is under development. This group includes senolytic drugs that selectively attack senescent cells and senostatic drugs that suppress SASP factor delivery, inhibiting senescent cell development. These new drugs can have positive therapeutic effects on aging-related disorders and act in cancer as antitumor drugs, avoiding the undesired effects of senescent cells such as those from SASP. Here, we review senotherapeutics and how they might affect cancer and HIV disease, two very different aging-related diseases, and review some compounds acting as senolytics in clinical trials.
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Masters MC, Landay AL, Robbins PD, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Kuchel GA, Niedernhofer LJ, Palella FJ. Chronic HIV Infection and Aging: Application of a Geroscience-Guided Approach. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 89:S34-S46. [PMID: 35015744 PMCID: PMC8751288 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The ability of virally suppressive antiretroviral therapy use to extend the life span of people with HIV (PWH) implies that the age of PWH will also increase. Among PWH, extended survival comes at a cost of earlier onset and increased rates of aging-associated comorbidities and geriatric syndromes, with persistent inflammation and immune dysregulation consequent to chronic HIV infection and to antiretroviral therapy use contributing to an overall decrease in health span. The geroscience hypothesis proposes that the root causes of most aging-related chronic diseases and conditions is the aging process itself. Hence, therapeutically targeting fundamental aging processes could have a greater impact on alleviating or delaying aging-associated comorbidities than addressing each disease individually. Extending the geroscience hypothesis to PWH, we speculate that targeting basic mechanisms of aging will improve overall health with age. Clinical features and pathophysiologic mechanisms of chronic diseases in PWH qualitatively resemble those seen in older adults without HIV. Therefore, drugs that target any of the pillars of aging, including metformin, rapamycin, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors, may also slow the rate of onset of age-associated comorbidities and geriatric syndromes in PWH. Drugs that selectively induce apoptosis of senescent cells, termed senolytics, may also improve health span among PWH. Preliminary evidence suggests that senescent cell burden is increased in PWH, implying that senescent cells are an excellent therapeutic target for extending health span. Recently initiated clinical trials evaluating senolytics in age-related diseases offer insights into the design and potential implementation of similar trials for PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Masters
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Alan L. Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and
| | | | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Frank J. Palella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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9
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Mechanisms of immune aging in HIV. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:61-80. [PMID: 34985109 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Massive CD4+ T-cell depletion as well as sustained immune activation and inflammation are hallmarks of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 infection. In recent years, an emerging concept draws an intriguing parallel between HIV-1 infection and aging. Indeed, many of the alterations that affect innate and adaptive immune subsets in HIV-infected individuals are reminiscent of the process of immune aging, characteristic of old age. These changes, of which the presumed cause is the systemic immune activation established in patients, likely participate in the immuno-incompetence described with HIV progression. With the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-seropositive patients can now live for many years despite chronic viral infection. However, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections have given way to chronic diseases as the leading cause of death since HIV infection. Therefore, the comparison between HIV-1 infected patients and uninfected elderly individuals goes beyond the sole onset of immunosenescence and extends to the deterioration of several physiological functions related to inflammation and systemic aging. In light of this observation, it is interesting to understand the precise link between immune activation and aging in HIV-1 infection to figure out how to best care for people living with HIV (PLWH).
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10
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Blanco JR, Negredo E, Bernal E, Blanco J. Impact of HIV infection on aging and immune status. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 19:719-731. [PMID: 33167724 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1848546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons living with HIV (PLWH), have a longer life expectancy. However, immune activation and inflammation remain elevated, even after viral suppression, and contribute to morbidity and mortality in these individuals.Areas covered: We review aspects related to immune activation and inflammation in PLWH, their consequences, and the potential strategies to reduce immune activation in HIV-infected individuals on ART.Expert opinion: When addressing a problem, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the topic. This is the main limitation faced when dealing with immune activation and inflammation in PLWH since there is no consensus on the ideal markers to evaluate immune activation or inflammation. To date, the different interventions that have addressed this problem by targeting specific mediators have not been able to significantly reduce immune activation or its consequences. Given that there is currently no curative intervention for HIV infection, more studies are necessary to understand the mechanism underlying immune activation and help to identify potential therapeutic targets that contribute to improving the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Ramon Blanco
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario San Pedro- Centro De Investigación Biomédica De La Rioja (CIBIR), La Rioja, Spain
| | - Eugenia Negredo
- Lluita Contra La Sida Foundation, Germans Trias I Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (Uvic - UCC), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Enrique Bernal
- Unidad De Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juliá Blanco
- AIDS Research Institute-IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat De Vic-Central De Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
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11
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Zhang J. The Promise of a Golden Era for Exploring the Frontiers of Aging, Metabolism and Redox Biology. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2020; 1:610406. [PMID: 36212526 PMCID: PMC9541140 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2020.610406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the potential use of senotherapeutics, pharmacologic agents that target senescent cells, in addressing HIV-1 persistence. RECENT FINDINGS Treated HIV-1 infection results in a state of immune exhaustion, which may involve reprogramming of infected and bystander cells toward a state of cellular senescence. Aging research has recently uncovered pathways that make senescent cells uniquely susceptible to pharmacologic intervention. Specific compounds, known as senotherapeutics, have been identified that interrupt pathways senescent cells depend on for survival. Several of these pathways are important in modulating the cellular microenvironment in chronically and latently infected cells. Strategies targeting these pathways may prove useful in combating both HIV-1 persistence and HIV-1-associated immune exhaustion. Senotherapeutics have recently been described as potential therapeutics for aging-associated diseases driven by senescent cells. Recently, correlations have emerged between HIV-1 infection, senescence, lifelong chronic infection, and viral persistence. New insights and therapies targeting cellular senescence may offer a novel strategy to address both HIV-1 persistence and immune exhaustion induced by chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Szaniawski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Room 4B319, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Adam M Spivak
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Room 4B319, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
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13
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Gabuzda D, Jamieson BD, Collman RG, Lederman MM, Burdo TH, Deeks SG, Dittmer DP, Fox HS, Funderburg NT, Pahwa SG, Pandrea I, Wilson CC, Hunt PW. Pathogenesis of Aging and Age-related Comorbidities in People with HIV: Highlights from the HIV ACTION Workshop. Pathog Immun 2020; 5:143-174. [PMID: 32856008 PMCID: PMC7449259 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v5i1.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) experience accentuated biological aging, as defined by markers of inflammation, immune dysfunction, and the epigenetic clock. They also have an elevated risk of multiple age-associated comorbidities. To discuss current knowledge, research gaps, and priorities in aging and age-related comorbidities in treated HIV infection, the NIH program staff organized a workshop held in Bethesda, Maryland in September 2019. This review article describes highlights of discussions led by the Pathogenesis/Basic Science Research working group that focused on three high priority topics: immunopathogenesis; the microbiome/virome; and aging and senescence. We summarize knowledge in these fields and describe key questions for research on the pathogenesis of aging and age-related comorbidities in PWH. Understanding the drivers and mechanisms underlying accentuated biological aging is a high priority that will help identify potential therapeutic targets to improve healthspan in older PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gabuzda
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beth D Jamieson
- Department of Medicine; David Geffen School of Medicine; University of California; Los Angeles, California
| | - Ronald G Collman
- Department of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Department of Medicine; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tricia H Burdo
- Department of Neuroscience; Lewis Katz School of Medicine; Temple University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco, California
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus, Ohio
| | - Savita G Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami, Florida
| | - Ivona Pandrea
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; School of Medicine; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Cara C Wilson
- Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peter W Hunt
- Department of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco, California
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