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Majid M, Yahya M, Ansah Owusu F, Bano S, Tariq T, Habib I, Kumar B, Kashif M, Varrassi G, Khatri M, Kumar S, Iqbal A, Khan AS. Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Tailored Pain Management Strategies for Liver Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e50633. [PMID: 38226103 PMCID: PMC10789475 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver illnesses pose a substantial worldwide health challenge, with various causes that span from viral infections to metabolic problems. Individuals suffering from liver problems frequently face distinct difficulties in pain control, requiring a customized strategy that takes into account both the fundamental disease and the complexities of liver function. The liver, a vital organ responsible for metabolic control and detoxification, is pivotal in multiple physiological processes. Chronic liver illnesses, such as cirrhosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are marked by a gradual process of inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in reduced liver function. These disorders often come with pain, varying from internal discomfort to intense abdominal pain, which impacts the quality of life and general well-being of patients. The review explores the complex aspects of pain perception in liver illnesses, including inflammation, modified neuronal signaling, and the influence of comorbidities. It highlights the significance of a detailed comprehension of the pain experience in individuals with hepatic conditions for the implementation of successful pain management treatments. In addition, the review emphasizes the difficulties involved in treating pain in this group of patients, such as the possible complications linked to commonly prescribed pain relievers and the necessity for collaboration between hepatologists, pain specialists, and other healthcare professionals. Moreover, it examines new possibilities in the domain, such as the significance of innovative pharmacological substances, non-pharmacological treatments, and personalized medicine strategies designed for specific patient characteristics. This study thoroughly analyzes the difficulties and possibilities involved in creating personalized pain management approaches for individuals with liver conditions. Its purpose is to guide physicians, researchers, and healthcare providers, enabling them to implement more efficient and patient-focused interventions. As our comprehension of liver-related pain progresses, the potential for enhancing the quality of life for persons with chronic liver disorders through tailored pain management measures becomes more and more encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahil Majid
- General Medicine, Diana Princess of Wales Hospital, Grimsby, GBR
| | - Muhammad Yahya
- Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK
| | | | - Saira Bano
- Medicine, Faisalabad Medical College and University, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Taha Tariq
- Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Iqra Habib
- Medicine, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur, PAK
| | - Beesham Kumar
- Medicine, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Maham Kashif
- Medicine, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical Collge, Sialkot, PAK
| | | | - Mahima Khatri
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Arham Iqbal
- Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Dow International Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Alina S Khan
- Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
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