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Socol FG, Bernad ES, Craina M, Abu-Awwad SA, Bernad BC, Socol ID, Farcas SS, Abu-Awwad A, Andreescu NI. Genetic Insights and Neonatal Outcomes in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: A Detailed Analysis of the RS5707 Genotype. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1366. [PMID: 39001257 PMCID: PMC11240712 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) and eclampsia (E) are severe pregnancy complications with significant maternal and neonatal health impacts. This study explores the association of the rs5707 polymorphism in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with PE/E and related neonatal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 400 mother-newborn dyads at the "Pius Brinzeu" Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara. Participants were divided into a control group (254 normotensive women) and a PE/E group (146 women with PE/E). Genotyping for the rs5707 polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR, and statistical analyses assessed associations with maternal body mass index (BMI) and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS The AA genotype of rs5707 was significantly associated with a reduced risk of PE/E and more favorable neonatal outcomes, including higher Apgar scores, greater birth weights, and longer gestational ages. Conversely, the AC genotype correlated with increased maternal BMI and adverse neonatal outcomes. Odds ratios highlighted the protective effect of the AA genotype against PE/E and the increased risk associated with the AC genotype. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the critical role of the rs5707 polymorphism in PE/E development and neonatal health. Genetic screening for rs5707 could enhance early identification and personalized intervention strategies, improving outcomes for both mothers and neonates. Further research is needed to validate these findings across diverse populations and to uncover the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavius George Socol
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Silvia Bernad
- Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Craina
- Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad
- Ist Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Brenda-Cristiana Bernad
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Neuropsychology and Behavioral Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Denisa Socol
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Sorina Farcas
- Department of Microscopic Morphology-Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ahmed Abu-Awwad
- Department XV-Discipline of Orthopedics-Traumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center University Professor Doctor Teodor Sora, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology-Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Yu J, Li J, Li M, Wang L, Xu X, Li M. Association between serum Klotho concentration and hypertension in postmenopausal women, a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013-2016. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:466. [PMID: 37528365 PMCID: PMC10394796 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between serum Klotho protein concentration and postmenopausal hypertension. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used, in which 1713 postmenopausal women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 were included. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between serum Klotho concentration and postmenopausal hypertension. RESULTS A weighted analysis was executed, revealing a noteworthy hypertension prevalence rate of 53.44% among the study participants. Participants with lower quartile of serum Klotho concentration had a higher prevalence of hypertension than those in higher quartiles (Q1:62.29% vs. Q2: 48.52% vs. Q3: 47.33% vs. Q4: 55.02%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that participants with higher quartiles of serum Klotho concentration had a significantly reduced risk of postmenopausal hypertension compared to those in the lowest quartile. Subgroup analysis displayed consistent findings in those following subgroups: aged ≥ 65 years, obesity, nonsmokers, individuals without diabetes and coronary heart disease, and those with higher levels of estradiol and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Based on the results, we concluded that there is a significant association between serum Klotho concentration and postmenopausal hypertension. CONCLUSION The findings of this study revealed a significant inverse association between serum Klotho concentration and hypertension among postmenopausal women. Serum Klotho concentration may serve as a valuable biomarker for risk stratification in postmenopausal women who are at risk of developing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Yu
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China.
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Physiological Obstetrics, Zhu Ma Dian Central Hospital, Women and Children's Hospital, No.747 Zhonghua Road, Yicheng District, Zhu Ma Dian City, Henan Province, China
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Hypertension and Low Body Weight Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms Only in Females: Findings from the Shika Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12110413. [PMID: 36354390 PMCID: PMC9687659 DOI: 10.3390/bs12110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the relationship between hypertension and depression is influenced by several physiological factors, including body weight and other lifestyle factors, such as eating behavior, the specific involvement of depression in hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, this epidemiological study examined the role of body weight in the relationship between hypertension and depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly living in the community of Shika town. In total, 1141 males and 1142 females with mean ages of 69.09 and 70.61 years, respectively, participated this study. Physiological factors, including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle, were investigated in a medical check-up in Shika town. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). A two-way analysis of covariance exhibited a significant interaction between the two hypertensive groups and body size groups on GDS in females. The post hoc Bonferroni method showed that in the hypertensive groups, GDS was significantly higher in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5) than in the standard/overweight group; however, this relationship was not observed in the no-hypertensive groups. Multiple regression analysis also verified this relationship. Therefore, it is suggested that the combination of hypertension and being underweight is associated with depressive symptoms only in females.
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Usategui-Martín R, Pérez-Castrillón JL, Mansego ML, Lara-Hernández F, Manzano I, Briongos L, Abadía-Otero J, Martín-Vallejo J, García-García AB, Martín-Escudero JC, Chaves FJ. Association between genetic variants in oxidative stress-related genes and osteoporotic bone fracture. The Hortega follow-up study. Gene 2022; 809:146036. [PMID: 34688818 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The most widely accepted etiopathogenesis hypothesis of the origin of osteoporosis and its complications is that they are a consequence of bone aging and other environmental factors, together with a genetic predisposition. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress is crucial in bone pathologies associated with aging. The aim of this study was to determine whether genetic variants in oxidative stress-related genes modified the risk of osteoporotic fracture. We analysed 221 patients and 354 controls from the HORTEGA sample after 12-14 years of follow up. We studied the genotypic and allelic distribution of 53 SNPs in 24 genes involved in oxidative stress. The results showed that being a carrier of the variant allele of the SNP rs4077561 within TXNRD1 was the principal genetic risk factor associated with osteoporotic fracture and that variant allele of the rs1805754 M6PR, rs4964779 TXNRD1, rs406113 GPX6, rs2281082 TXN2 and rs974334 GPX6 polymorphisms are important genetic risk factors for fracture. This study provides information on the genetic factors associated with oxidative stress which are involved in the risk of osteoporotic fracture and reinforces the hypothesis that genetic factors are crucial in the etiopathogenesis of osteoporosis and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- IOBA, University of Valladolid, Valladolid. Spain; Cooperative Health Network for Research (RETICS), Oftared, National Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Madrid. Spain.
| | - José Luis Pérez-Castrillón
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine. Faculty of Medicine. University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - María L Mansego
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Bioinformatics. Making Genetics S.L. Pamplona. Spain
| | | | - Iris Manzano
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laisa Briongos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine. Faculty of Medicine. University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesica Abadía-Otero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Vallejo
- Department of Statistics. University of Salamanca. Salamanca Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), Salamanca. Spain
| | - Ana B García-García
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid. Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Martín-Escudero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine. Faculty of Medicine. University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Felipe J Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid. Spain
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Nurun Nabi A, Ebihara A. Diabetes and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System: Pathophysiology and Genetics. RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM 2021. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.97518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder and characterized by hyperglycemia. Being a concern of both the developed and developing world, diabetes is a global health burden and is a major cause of mortality world-wide. The most common is the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is mainly caused by resistance to insulin. Long-term complications of diabetes cause microvascular related problems (eg. nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy) along with macrovascular complications (eg. cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease). Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates homeostasis of body fluid that in turn, maintains blood pressure. Thus, RAAS plays pivotal role in the pathogenesis of long-term DM complications like cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney diseases. T2DM is a polygenic disease, and the roles of RAAS components in insulin signaling pathway and insulin resistance have been well documented. Hyperglycemia has been found to be associated with the increased plasma renin activity, arterial pressure and renal vascular resistance. Several studies have reported involvement of single variants within particular genes in initiation and development of T2D using different approaches. This chapter aims to investigate and discuss potential genetic polymorphisms underlying T2D identified through candidate gene studies, genetic linkage studies, genome wide association studies.
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Abdel Ghafar MT. An overview of the classical and tissue-derived renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its genetic polymorphisms in essential hypertension. Steroids 2020; 163:108701. [PMID: 32717198 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a specific hormonal cascade implicated in the blood pressure control and sodium balance regulation. Several components of this pathway have been identified including renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensins with a wide range of distinct subtypes and receptors, and aldosterone. The RAAS is not only confined to the systemic circulation but also exists locally in specific tissues such as the heart, brain, and blood vessels with a particular paracrine action. Alteration of RAAS function can contribute to the development of hypertension and the emergence of its associated end-organ damage. Genotypic variations of the different genes of RAAS cascade have been linked to the susceptibility to essential hypertension. Accordingly, to understand the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and its related complications, deep insight into the physiological and genetic aspects of RAAS with its different components and pathways is necessary. In this review, we aimed to illustrate the physiological and genetic aspects of RAAS and the underlying mechanisms which link this system to the predisposition to essential hypertension.
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Usategui-Martín R, Lendinez-Tortajada V, Pérez-Castrillón JL, Briongos-Figuero L, Abadía-Otero J, Martín-Vallejo J, Lara-Hernandez F, Chaves FJ, García-Garcia AB, Martín-Escudero JC. Polymorphisms in genes involved in inflammation, the NF-kB pathway and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture. The Hortega Follow-up Study. Bone 2020; 138:115477. [PMID: 32535289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder worldwide and is associated with a reduced quality of life with important clinical and economic consequences. The most widely accepted etiopathogenic hypothesis on the origin of osteoporosis and its complications is that they are a consequence of the synergic action of environmental and genetic factors. Bone is constantly being remodelled through anabolic and catabolic pathways in which inflammation, the NF-kB pathway and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are crucial. The aim of our study was to determine whether polymorphisms in genes implicated in inflammation, the NF-kB pathway and RAAS modified the risk of osteoporotic fracture. We analysed 221 patients with osteoporotic fracture and 354 controls without fracture from the HORTEGA sample after 12-14 years of follow up. In addition, we studied the genotypic distribution of 230 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in inflammation, NF-kB pathway and RAAS. Our results showed that be carrier of the C allele of the rs2228145 IL6R polymorphism was the principal genetic risk factor associated with osteoporotic fracture. The results also showed that variant genotypes of the rs4762 AGT, rs4073 IL8, rs2070699 END1 and rs4291 ACE polymorphisms were important genetic risk factors for fracture. The study provides information about the genetic factors associated with inflammation, the NF-kB pathway and RAAS, which are involved in the risk of osteoporotic fracture and reinforces the hypothesis that genetic factors are crucial in the etiopathogenesis of osteoporosis and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Verónica Lendinez-Tortajada
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Luis Pérez-Castrillón
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | | | - Jesica Abadía-Otero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Vallejo
- Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Francisco Lara-Hernandez
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Felipe J Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana B García-Garcia
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Martín-Escudero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rio Hortega Universitary Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Yu S, Peng W, Zhang H, Li C, Chen X, Wei M, Yan W. The association between maternal and foetal REN gene polymorphisms and preeclampsia/eclampsia: A hybrid design study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2019; 18:150-155. [PMID: 31622820 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preeclampsia (PE)/eclampsia (E) is an important cause of foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality, and its aetiology is poorly understood. Good evidence suggests that renin (REN) might be associated with PE/E. The risk of PE/E is determined by both maternal and foetal genes, but most previous studies have focused on maternal contributions. This study aimed to explore the association of maternal and foetal REN polymorphisms with PE/E in pregnant Han Chinese women. METHODS A case-parents/mother-control study including 347 PE/E patients with their partners and offspring and 700 control mothers with their offspring was conducted. A log-linear model was used to investigate the association between maternal and foetal REN SNPs and PE/E simultaneously, as well as the interaction of REN SNPs and environmental factors on PE/E. RESULTS The foetal REN rs5707 AC genotype in combination with a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 was significantly associated with an increased risk of PE/E, with an OR of 2.75 (95%CI = 1.50-5.06). Maternal and foetal rs5707 were significantly associated with an increased risk of PE/E under the recessive model (AA + AC/CC). In haplotype analyses, foetal CCT (in the order of rs2368564, rs5707, rs5705) and TAT genotypes were positively associated with the risk of PE/E. There was no significant association between maternal and foetal REN SNP genotypes and PE/E in the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and log-linear model analysis. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study indicate that foetal rs5707 polymorphisms may play a significant role in PE/E development, especially among overweight or obese pregnant women in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShaoJing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - WeiJun Peng
- Department of Infection Management, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - ChenYang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - XianZhen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - MuHong Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - WeiRong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Manosroi W, Williams GH. Genetics of Human Primary Hypertension: Focus on Hormonal Mechanisms. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:825-856. [PMID: 30590482 PMCID: PMC6936319 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly, primary hypertension is being considered a syndrome and not a disease, with the individual causes (diseases) having a common sign-an elevated blood pressure. To determine these causes, genetic tools are increasingly employed. This review identified 62 proposed genes. However, only 21 of them met our inclusion criteria: (i) primary hypertension, (ii) two or more supporting cohorts from different publications or within a single publication or one supporting cohort with a confirmatory genetically modified animal study, and (iii) 600 or more subjects in the primary cohort; when including our exclusion criteria: (i) meta-analyses or reviews, (ii) secondary and monogenic hypertension, (iii) only hypertensive complications, (iv) genes related to blood pressure but not hypertension per se, (v) nonsupporting studies more common than supporting ones, and (vi) studies that did not perform a Bonferroni or similar multiassessment correction. These 21 genes were organized in a four-tiered structure: distant phenotype (hypertension); intermediate phenotype [salt-sensitive (18) or salt-resistant (0)]; subintermediate phenotypes under salt-sensitive hypertension [normal renin (4), low renin (8), and unclassified renin (6)]; and proximate phenotypes (specific genetically driven hypertensive subgroup). Many proximate hypertensive phenotypes had a substantial endocrine component. In conclusion, primary hypertension is a syndrome; many proposed genes are likely to be false positives; and deep phenotyping will be required to determine the utility of genetics in the treatment of hypertension. However, to date, the positive genes are associated with nearly 50% of primary hypertensives, suggesting that in the near term precise, mechanistically driven treatment and prevention strategies for the specific primary hypertension subgroups are feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapaka Manosroi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Gordon H Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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de Marco G, Garcia-Garcia AB, Real JT, Gonzalez-Albert V, Briongos-Figuero LS, Cobos-Siles M, Lago-Sampedro A, Corbaton A, Teresa Martinez-Larrad M, Carmena R, Martin-Escudero JC, Rojo-Martínez G, Chaves FJ. Respiratory chain polymorphisms and obesity in the Spanish population, a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027004. [PMID: 30782949 PMCID: PMC6377525 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association of genes involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) pathway with body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk. DESIGN This work studies three cross-sectional populations from Spain, representing three provinces: HORTEGA (Valladolid, Northwest/Centre), SEGOVIA (Segovia, Northwest/centre) and PIZARRA (Malaga,South). SETTING Forty-eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from MRC genes were selected and genotyped by SNPlex method. Association studies with BMI and obesity risk were performed for each population. These associations were then verified by analysis of the studied population as a whole (3731 samples). PARTICIPANTS A total of 3731 Caucasian individuals: 1502 samples from HORTEGA, 988 from PIZARRA and 1241 from SEGOVIA. RESULTS rs4600063 (SDHC), rs11205591 (NDUFS5) and rs10891319 (SDHD) SNPs were associated with BMI and obesity risk (p values for BMI were 0.04, 0.0011 and 0.0004, respectively, and for obesity risk, 0.0072, 0.039 and 0.0038). However, associations between rs4600063 and BMI and between these three SNPs and obesity risk are not significant if Bonferroni correction is considered. In addition, rs11205591 and rs10891319 polymorphisms showed an additive interaction with BMI and obesity risk. CONCLUSIONS Several polymorphisms from genes coding MRC proteins may be involved in BMI variability and could be related to the risk to become obese in the Spanish general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda de Marco
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Research Foundation of Valencia University Clinical Hospital-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Barbara Garcia-Garcia
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Research Foundation of Valencia University Clinical Hospital-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Tomas Real
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, University Clinical Hospital and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Veronica Gonzalez-Albert
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Research Foundation of Valencia University Clinical Hospital-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Marta Cobos-Siles
- Internal Medicine Service, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Lago-Sampedro
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, IBIMA.Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Arturo Corbaton
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation. University Clinical Hospital San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Martinez-Larrad
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation. University Clinical Hospital San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Carmena
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, IBIMA.Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Felipe Javier Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Research Foundation of Valencia University Clinical Hospital-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Fragoso JM, Alvarez-León E, Delgadillo-Rodríguez H, Arellano-González M, López-Pacheco FC, Cruz-Robles D, Peña-Duque MA, Pérez-Méndez O, Martínez-Ríos MA, Vargas-Alarcón G. The C4280A (rs5705) gene polymorphism of the renin (REN) gene is associated with risk of developing coronary artery disease, but not with restenosis after coronary stenting. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:128-32. [PMID: 26102248 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of AGT and REN gene polymorphisms as susceptibility markers for coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or restenosis after coronary stent placement in a group of Mexican patients. Five polymorphisms of the AGT (rs699, rs4762, rs5051, rs5049, rs5046) and two of the REN (rs5707, rs5705) genes were analyzed by 5' exonuclease TaqMan genotyping assays in 240 patients with CAD who underwent coronary artery stenting (76 with restenosis and 164 without restenosis). A group of 610 individuals without clinical and familial antecedents of cardiovascular diseases were included as controls. The results showed that the distribution of AGT and REN polymorphisms were similar in patients with and without restenosis. However, when the whole group of patients (with and without restenosis) was compared to healthy controls, under co-dominant, dominant, heterozygous and additive models, the REN A4280C (rs5705) polymorphism was associated with increased risk of CAD (OR=1.76, PCo-dom=0.006, OR=1.81, PDom=0.001, OR=1.75, PHet=0.003 and OR=1.59, PAdd=0.003, respectively). All models were adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and smoking habit. The TC haplotype of the REN gene was associated with increased risk of CAD (OR=1.53, P=0.014). The data suggest that the REN C4280A (rs5705) polymorphism plays an important role in the risk of developing CAD with the highest risk for C allele, but do not support its role as a risk factor for developing restenosis after coronary stenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Fragoso
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Alvarez-León
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda Delgadillo-Rodríguez
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marva Arellano-González
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Cruz-Robles
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Peña-Duque
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oscar Pérez-Méndez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Martínez-Ríos
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought association of genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and vitamin D system with acute pancreatitis (AP) development and severity. BACKGROUND The endocrine RAS is involved in circulatory homeostasis through the pressor action of angiotensin II at its AT1 receptor. However, local RAS regulate growth and inflammation in diverse cells and tissues, and their activity may be suppressed by vitamin D. Intrapancreatic angiotensin II generation has been implicated in the development of AP. METHODS Five hundred forty-four white patients with AP from 3 countries (United Kingdom, 22; Germany, 136; and The Netherlands 386) and 8487 control subjects (United Kingdom 7833, The Netherlands 717) were genotyped for 8 polymorphisms of the RAS/vitamin D systems, chosen on the basis of likely functionality. RESULTS The angiotensin-converting enzyme I (rather than D) allele was significantly associated with alcohol-related AP when all cohorts were combined (P = 0.03). The renin rs5707 G (rather than A) allele was associated with AP (P = 0.002), infected necrosis (P = 0.025) and mortality (P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS The association of 2 RAS polymorphisms with AP suggests the need for further detailed analysis of the role of RAS/vitamin D in the genesis or severity of AP, particularly given the ready potential for pharmacological manipulation of this system using existing marketed agents. However, further replication studies will be required before any such association is considered robust, particularly given the significant heterogeneity of AP causation and clinical course.
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13
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Park J, Song K, Jang Y, Kim Yoon S. A polymorphism of the renin gene rs6682082 is associated with essential hypertension risk and blood pressure levels in Korean women. Yonsei Med J 2015; 56:227-34. [PMID: 25510769 PMCID: PMC4276760 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2015.56.1.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between the renin gene (REN) and the risk of essential hypertension and blood pressure (BP) levels in Koreans. MATERIALS AND METHODS To outline the functional role of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the transcription of the REN gene, we conducted a case-control study of 1975 individuals: 646 hypertension (HT) patients and 1329 ethnically and age-matched normotensive subjects. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis indicated that the genotypes AA/AG were strongly associated with risk of HT (odds ratio, 1.493; 95% confidence interval, 1.069-2.086, p=0.018) in female subjects. The genotypes AA/AG also showed significant association with higher blood pressure levels, both systolic and diastolic, in postmenopausal HT women (p=0.003 and p=0.017, respectively). Analysis of the promoter containing rs6682082 revealed a 2.4±0.01-fold higher activity in the A variant promoter than the G variant promoter, suggesting that rs6682082 is itself a functional variant. CONCLUSION We suggest that the A allele of rs6682082 is a positive genetic marker for predisposition to essential hypertension and high BP in Korean women and may be mediated through the transcriptional activation of REN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkeun Park
- Department of Medical Life Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kijun Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Cardiovascular Genome Center, Cardiovascular Yonsei University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungjoo Kim Yoon
- Department of Medical Life Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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14
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Wang L, Zhang B, Li M, Li C, Liu J, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhou J, Wen S. Association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in six hypertensive candidate genes and hypertension among northern Han Chinese individuals. Hypertens Res 2014; 37:1068-74. [PMID: 25099490 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2014.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the leading risk factors for mortality. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a potent and powerful mediator in the homeostasis of hypertension. Here, the association between six candidate genes, renin, adrenoceptor β3, angiotensinogen, aldosterone synthase, angiotensin II receptor type 1 and angiotensin II receptor type 2, that are related to RAAS and essential hypertension (EH) was evaluated and explored in northern Chinese Han individuals. A case-control study including 1090 EH cases and 700 controls was performed. Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs699, rs4762, rs5707, rs5186, rs4994, rs1799998, rs5193 and rs5194, located in the six genes were genotyped with TaqMan real-time PCR method. Statistical analysis software (SPSS 17.0) was used for descriptive statistics and association analyses. Among the six genes related to RAAS, the frequencies of rs4994 (ADRB3) and rs5194 (AGTR2) were found to be significantly different between the EH cases and controls (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses adjusted for covariates showed rs4994 to be closely associated with EH under the recessive (P = 0.019, odds ratio (OR) = 0.373, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.163-0.851) and homozygous (P = 0.028, OR = 0.394, 95% CI 0.172-0.903) models. The association was also significantly close in the male subset (P < 0.05). Significant association was also observed between rs1799998 (CYP11B2) and EH (P < 0.05) in the dominant, additive and allelic models. These data demonstrated that ADRB3 rs4994 and CYP11B2 rs1799998 were significantly closely associated with EH in northern Han Chinese individuals. The CC of rs4994 and CC or C allele of rs1799998 might be protective genetic factors of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jielin Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoguang Wang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapeng Zhou
- Beijing Computing Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Wen
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Martínez F, Furió E, Fabiá MJ, Pérez AV, González-Albert V, Rojo-Martínez G, Martínez-Larrad MT, Mena-Martín FJ, Soriguer F, Serrano-Ríos M, Chaves FJ, Martín-Escudero JC, Redón J, García-Fuster MJ. Risk factors associated with retinal vein occlusion. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:871-81. [PMID: 24548738 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the most frequent retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy in which arterial risk factors are much more relevant than venous factors. The objective was to evaluate the role of risk factors in the development of the first episode of RVO. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred patients with RVO [mean age 56 years, 42% females and mean body mass index (BMI) 27.5 kg/m(2)] were recruited consecutively from the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Valencia (Spain). All subjects underwent clinical assessment including anthropometric and blood pressure measurements and laboratory test including homocysteine, antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLAs) and thrombophilia studies. In half of the subjects, a carotid ultrasonography was performed. Three control populations matched by age, sex and BMI from different population-based studies were used to compare the levels and prevalence of arterial risk factors. One cohort of young patients with venous thromboembolic disease was used to compare the venous risk factors. RESULTS Blood pressure levels and the prevalence of hypertension were significantly higher in the RVO population when compared with those for the general populations. There was also a large proportion of undiagnosed hypertension within the RVO group. Moreover, carotid evaluation revealed that a large proportion of patients with RVO had evidence of subclinical organ damage. In addition, homocysteine levels and prevalence of aPLAs were similar to the results obtained in our cohort of venous thromboembolic disease. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that hypertension is the key factor in the development of RVO, and that RVO can be the first manifestation of an undiagnosed hypertension. Furthermore, the majority of these patients had evidence of atherosclerotic disease. Among the venous factors, a thrombophilia study does not seem to be useful and only the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia and aPLAs is higher than in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martínez
- Internal Medicine Department, Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico de Valencia- INCLIVA, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología, Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROB)", Institute of Health Carlos III, Minister of Health, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Abramson BL, Melvin RG. Cardiovascular risk in women: focus on hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:553-9. [PMID: 24786446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major concern in women, contributing to the risk for morbidity and mortality and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), heart attack, and stroke. A woman's risk for the development of hypertension increases with age. Although it also affects younger women, hypertension is prevalent in approximately 60% of women >65 years of age. In addition to age, there are specific risk factors and lifestyle contributors for the development of hypertension in women, including obesity, ethnicity, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Risk reduction strategies need to be used to help reduce hypertension; maintaining a healthy body weight through diet and exercise, reduced sodium intake, and lower alcohol intake are a few of the approaches for hypertension risk reduction in women. There are several proposed mechanisms for the development of hypertension that are unique to women and pertain to the aging-related elevated risk for hypertension resulting from falling estrogen levels during menopause. Oral contraceptives, pre-eclampsia and polycystic ovary syndrome are special considerations concerning the development and progression of hypertension in women. There are significant awareness issues and care gaps in the treatment of hypertension in women. Therefore, these problems must be faced and efforts need to be taken to resolve the issues surrounding the treatment and control of hypertension in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth L Abramson
- University of Toronto, Cardiac Prevention Centre and Women's Cardiovascular Health, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rochelle G Melvin
- University of Toronto, Cardiac Prevention Centre and Women's Cardiovascular Health, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Vamsi UM, Swapna N, Usha G, Vishnupriya S, Padma T. Contribution of REN gene MBbo I polymorphism in conferring risk for essential hypertension: a case control study from South India. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2012; 14:242-7. [DOI: 10.1177/1470320312459981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- U Mohana Vamsi
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - N Swapna
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - G Usha
- Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Vishnupriya
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - T Padma
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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18
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Abstract
Blood pressure is typically lower in premenopausal women than in men. However, after menopause, the prevalence of hypertension in women is higher than it is in men. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women and men, but cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Furthermore, there is evidence that blood pressure may not be as well-controlled in women as in men, despite the fact that most women adhere better to their therapeutic regimens and medications than do men, and have their blood pressures measured more frequently than do men. This review describes possible mechanisms by which blood pressure may be increased in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA.
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19
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Mansego ML, Martínez F, Martínez-Larrad MT, Zabena C, Rojo G, Morcillo S, Soriguer F, Martín-Escudero JC, Serrano-Ríos M, Redon J, Chaves FJ. Common variants of the liver fatty acid binding protein gene influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Spanish population. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31853. [PMID: 22396741 PMCID: PMC3292554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary The main objective was to evaluate the association between SNPs and haplotypes of the FABP1-4 genes and type 2 diabetes, as well as its interaction with fat intake, in one general Spanish population. The association was replicated in a second population in which HOMA index was also evaluated. Methods 1217 unrelated individuals were selected from a population-based study [Hortega study: 605 women; mean age 54 y; 7.8% with type 2 diabetes]. The replication population included 805 subjects from Segovia, a neighboring region of Spain (446 females; mean age 52 y; 10.3% with type 2 diabetes). DM2 mellitus was defined in a similar way in both studies. Fifteen SNPs previously associated with metabolic traits or with potential influence in the gene expression within the FABP1-4 genes were genotyped with SNPlex and tested. Age, sex and BMI were used as covariates in the logistic regression model. Results One polymorphism (rs2197076) and two haplotypes of the FABP-1 showed a strong association with the risk of DM2 in the original population. This association was further confirmed in the second population as well as in the pooled sample. None of the other analyzed variants in FABP2, FABP3 and FABP4 genes were associated. There was not a formal interaction between rs2197076 and fat intake. A significant association between the rs2197076 and the haplotypes of the FABP1 and HOMA-IR was also present in the replication population. Conclusions The study supports the role of common variants of the FABP-1 gene in the development of type 2 diabetes in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Mansego
- Genotyping and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas “CIBERDEM”, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico de Valencia- INCLIVA; Hypertension Clinic, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología, Obesidad y Nutrición [CIBEROB (CIBER 03/06)], Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Martínez-Larrad
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Department of Internal Medicine II, Plaza Cristo Rey, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carina Zabena
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Department of Internal Medicine II, Plaza Cristo Rey, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Morcillo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Soriguer
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Serrano-Ríos
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Department of Internal Medicine II, Plaza Cristo Rey, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Redon
- Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico de Valencia- INCLIVA; Hypertension Clinic, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología, Obesidad y Nutrición [CIBEROB (CIBER 03/06)], Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Felipe Javier Chaves
- Genotyping and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas “CIBERDEM”, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
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Martinez-Hervas S, Mansego ML, de Marco G, Martinez F, Alonso MP, Morcillo S, Rojo-Martinez G, Real JT, Ascaso JF, Redon J, Martin Escudero JC, Soriguer F, Chaves FJ. Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene are associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population. Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42:171-8. [PMID: 21883184 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02570.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased accumulation of fat results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and intake, being modulated by different environmental and genetic factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial carrier proteins able to spend energy generating heat. Therefore, variations in these genes are good candidates as potential modulators of body fat accumulation. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of genetic variations of the gene codifying the UCP2 protein with obesity and fat distribution. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional study in 2367 individuals from two population-based studies from different regions of Spain. The Hortega Study included 1436 individuals (693 women) 21-85 years old, and the Pizarra Study included 931 individuals (584 women) 18-65 years old. We evaluated three polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene. RESULTS The TT genotype of the rs660339 polymorphism and the AA genotype of the rs659366 polymorphism of the UCP2 gene were significantly associated with higher waist circumference in the Hortega Study. Furthermore, subjects carrying both genotypes (TT+AA) also showed higher central adiposity compared with other genotypes. This association was also present in the Pizarra Study. Moreover, in the pooled population, we found a stronger association with waist circumference. Even, we found association with BMI. Furthermore, rs659366 polymorphism was associated with the risk of abdominal obesity (P= 0·04: OR = 1·3; CI = 1·01-1·67). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene (rs660339 and rs659366) were associated with central obesity. This study shows association between the UCP2 gene and the susceptibility to obesity and body fat distribution in a south European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Sun B, Williams JS, Pojoga L, Chamarthi B, Lasky-Su J, Raby BA, Hopkins PN, Jeunemaitre X, Brown NJ, Ferri C, Williams GH. Renin gene polymorphism: its relationship to hypertension, renin levels and vascular responses. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2011; 12:564-71. [PMID: 21490026 PMCID: PMC3444254 DOI: 10.1177/1470320311405873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin gene has been previously reported to be associated with essential hypertension in a variety of ethnic groups. However, no studies have systematically evaluated the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing coverage of the entire renin gene and hypertension risk. To evaluate the association between renin gene variation and hypertension we investigated data on HyperPATH cohort with 570 hypertensive and 222 normotensive Caucasian subjects. Six tagging SNPs and resultant haplotypes were tested for associations with hypertension risk, followed by mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma renin activity (PRA) and the change in MAP in response to angiotensin II (AngII) infusion (AngII ΔMAP). The A allele of SNP rs6693954 and the haplotype containing rs6696954A were significantly associated with higher risk for hypertension (OR = 1.98, p = 0.0001; OR = 1.63 p = 0.0005, respectively). The same haplotype block was also associated with altered PRA levels and blunted AngII ΔMAP (global p-value = 0.02, 0.047, respectively). Our results confirm that polymorphisms in the renin gene are associated with increased risk for hypertension in an independent cohort, and that the underlying mechanism may reside in the interaction of renin activity and vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Sun
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 , USA
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22
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Abellán R, Mansego ML, Martínez-Hervás S, Morcillo S, Pineda-Alonso M, Carmena R, Real JT, Redon J, Rojo-Martínez G, Martín-Escudero JC, Chaves FJ. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids may increase plasma LDL-cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations in carriers of an ABCG1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism: study in two Spanish populations. Atherosclerosis 2011; 219:900-6. [PMID: 21978921 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABCG1 mediates cellular cholesterol transport, but there is very little known about the influence of ABCG1 polymorphisms on human plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations or on the interactions of these polymorphisms with diet. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate whether interactions between PUFA intake and ABCG1 polymorphisms modulate associations with plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL- and HDL-cholesterol in two Spanish populations. METHODS We grounded our investigation on two general population-based studies: the Hortega study (population A) and the Pizarra study (population B). Participants included 1178 individuals (50.0% women, age range 21-85 years) and 763 individuals (66% women, age range 23-73 years) from populations A and B, respectively, without lipid lowering drugs. Subjects were genotyped for ABCG1 variants. Biochemical measurements were taken by standard procedures. Dietary intakes were estimated with a validated questionnaire. RESULTS In population A, the A allele homozygotes of SNP rs4148102 had higher TC and LDLc concentrations in subjects on a high PUFA diet than did the carriers of the G allele (242.1 ± 38.9 vs. 198.0 ± 36.0mg/dL, p = 0.003, and 149.8 ± 37.9 vs. 111.4 ± 32.1mg/dL, p = 0.005, respectively), and significant gene-diet interactions were observed (p=0.020 and p = 0.013, respectively). In population B, similar differences in TC and LDLc concentrations were also found in association with this SNP under a high PUFA diet (253.2±24.9 vs. 197.7 ± 39.9 mg/dL, p = 0.009, and 171.8 ± 20.5 vs. 120.4 ± 34.2mg/dL, p = 0.004, respectively), but the gene-diet interactions observed were not significant (p = 0.379 and p = 0.422, respectively). In the pooled populations, differences in the TC and LDLc concentrations increased (246.8 ± 32.9 vs. 198.0 ± 37.5, p = 6 × 10(-5), and 159.0±32.6 vs. 114.3 ± 33.1, p = 3 × 10(-5), respectively), and significant gene-diet interactions were maintained (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION In two Spanish populations, the ABCG1 polymorphism rs4148102 was associated with variations in plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in subjects with high PUFA intakes. Carriers of the AA genotype consuming high PUFA diet showed higher plasma LDLc concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Abellán
- Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Avda Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Puthucheary Z, Skipworth JRA, Rawal J, Loosemore M, Van Someren K, Montgomery HE. The ACE gene and human performance: 12 years on. Sports Med 2011; 41:433-48. [PMID: 21615186 DOI: 10.2165/11588720-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Some 12 years ago, a polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene became the first genetic element shown to impact substantially on human physical performance. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) exists not just as an endocrine regulator, but also within local tissue and cells, where it serves a variety of functions. Functional genetic polymorphic variants have been identified for most components of RAS, of which the best known and studied is a polymorphism of the ACE gene. The ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism has been associated with improvements in performance and exercise duration in a variety of populations. The I allele has been consistently demonstrated to be associated with endurance-orientated events, notably, in triathlons. Meanwhile, the D allele is associated with strength- and power-orientated performance, and has been found in significant excess among elite swimmers. Exceptions to these associations do exist, and are discussed. In theory, associations with ACE genotype may be due to functional variants in nearby loci, and/or related genetic polymorphism such as the angiotensin receptor, growth hormone and bradykinin genes. Studies of growth hormone gene variants have not shown significant associations with performance in studies involving both triathletes and military recruits. The angiotensin type-1 receptor has two functional polymorphisms that have not been shown to be associated with performance, although studies of hypoxic ascent have yielded conflicting results. ACE genotype influences bradykinin levels, and a common gene variant in the bradykinin 2 receptor exists. The high kinin activity haplotye has been associated with increased endurance performance at an Olympic level, and similar results of metabolic efficiency have been demonstrated in triathletes. Whilst the ACE genotype is associated with overall performance ability, at a single organ level, the ACE genotype and related polymorphism have significant associations. In cardiac muscle, ACE genotype has associations with left ventricular mass changes in response to stimulus, in both the health and diseased states. The D allele is associated with an exaggerated response to training, and the I allele with the lowest cardiac growth response. In light of the I-allele association with endurance performance, it seems likely that other regulatory mechanisms exist. Similarly in skeletal muscle, the D allele is associated with greater strength gains in response to training, in both healthy individuals and chronic disease states. As in overall performance, those genetic polymorphisms related to the ACE genotype, such as the bradykinin 2 gene, also influence skeletal muscle strength. Finally, the ACE genotype may influence metabolic efficiency, and elite mountaineers have demonstrated an excess of I alleles and I/I genotype frequency in comparison to controls. Interestingly, this was not seen in amateur climbers. Corroboratory evidence exists among high-altitude settlements in both South America and India, where the I allele exists in greater frequency in those who migrated from the lowlands. Unfortunately, if the ACE genotype does influence metabolic efficiency, associations with peak maximal oxygen consumption have yet to be rigorously demonstrated. The ACE genotype is an important but single factor in the determinant of sporting phenotype. Much of the mechanisms underlying this remain unexplored despite 12 years of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zudin Puthucheary
- University College London Institute for Human Health and Performance, London, UK.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms responsible for postmenopausal hypertension have not been completely elucidated. However, various mechanisms have been implicated to play a role. For example, there is evidence that changes in estrogen/androgen ratios favoring increases in androgens, activation of the renin-angiotensin and endothelin systems, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, metabolic syndrome and obesity, inflammation, increased vasoconstrictor eicosanoids, and anxiety and depression may be important in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal hypertension. There is also evidence that hypertension is less well controlled in aging women than in aging men, but the reasons for this gender difference is not clear. Postmenopausal hypertension is likely multifactorial. Future studies will be necessary to determine the contribution of these systems listed above in mediating postmenopausal hypertension and to design treatment strategies that encompass these mechanisms to improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women as they age.
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Mtiraoui N, Ezzidi I, Turki A, Chaieb M, Mahjoub T, Almawi WY. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genotypes and haplotypes affect the susceptibility to nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2011; 12:572-80. [PMID: 21421655 DOI: 10.1177/1470320310396542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between renin C-4063T and angiotensinogen (AGT) T174M, M235T, and A-6G polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy (DN) was investigated in Tunisian type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. METHODS Study subjects comprised 917 T2DM patients (405 normoalbuminuric, 329 microalbuminuric and 185 macroalbuminuric). Genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Renin C-4063T allele and genotype frequencies were comparable between DN cases and normoalbuminuric controls. Although AGT 235T and -6G allele, and 235T/T and -6G/G genotype frequencies were higher in DN compared to normoalbuminuric patients, they were comparable between microalbuminuric or macroalbuminuric patients. Three-locus AGT haplotype analysis (A-6G/T174M/M235T) identified DN-protective (ATM, AMM, GTM) and DN-susceptible (GTM, ATT, GMT and AMT) haplotypes, and demonstrated enrichment of GTT haplotype in macroalbuminuric compared to microalbuminuric or normoalbuminuric patients. Regression analysis confirmed negative (AMM) and positive (GTM, ATT, GMT, AMT) association of AGT haplotypes with microalbuminuria, and negative (AMM) and positive (GTM and ATT) association of AGT haplotypes with macroalbuminuria. None of the AGT haplotypes was associated with DN severity. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation at the AGT gene influences the risk of nephropathy in T2DM patients but not extent of DN severity, and thus represents a potential DN genetic susceptibility locus worthy of replication.
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Hirose T, Hashimoto M, Totsune K, Metoki H, Hara A, Satoh M, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T, Asayama K, Kondo T, Kamide K, Katsuya T, Ogihara T, Izumi SI, Rakugi H, Takahashi K, Imai Y. Association of (pro)renin receptor gene polymorphisms with lacunar infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy in Japanese women: the Ohasama study. Hypertens Res 2011; 34:530-5. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Niu W, Qi Y, Guo S, Gao P, Zhu D. Association of renin BglI polymphism with essential hypertension: a meta-analysis involving 1811 cases and 1626 controls. Clin Exp Hypertens 2010; 32:431-8. [PMID: 20925572 DOI: 10.3109/10641961003686419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to clarify association of an intronic polymorphism BglI in a renin gene with essential hypertension, we performed a meta-analysis of the case-control association studies. Publications in the English language and human subjects were searched in PubMed and EMBASE as of July 10, 2009. A fixed-effects model was applied to pool data in the absence of between-studies heterogeneity, and a random-effects model otherwise. Data and study quality were assessed in duplicate. Publication bias was evaluated using the fail-safe number. From three studies with four populations including 1811 patients with essential hypertension and 1626 controls, we found a significant association of renin BglI B with an increased risk for essential hypertension (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.41; P = 0.0002). In addition, significance persisted after assuming the dominant (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.51; P = 0.0004) mode of inheritance, while no significance was observed for the recessive mode (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 0.82 to 2.60; P = 0.20). The fail-safe number at the level of 0.05 supported these significant associations. In sum, our meta-analysis expands previous findings by showing that the presence of renin BglI B allele is associated with an increased risk in developing essential hypertension, and this effect might act in a dominant mode of inheritance. Further studies are warranted to fully address questions about the etiologic mechanisms of this positive association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Association of selected ABC gene family single nucleotide polymorphisms with postprandial lipoproteins: Results from the population-based Hortega study. Atherosclerosis 2010; 211:203-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Filigheddu F, Argiolas G, Degortes S, Zaninello R, Frau F, Pitzoi S, Bulla E, Bulla P, Troffa C, Glorioso N. Haplotypes of the adrenergic system predict the blood pressure response to beta-blockers in women with essential hypertension. Pharmacogenomics 2010; 11:319-25. [PMID: 20235788 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the association of haplotypes of the adrenergic system with essential hypertension and with the blood pressure response to beta-blockers. MATERIALS & METHODS In 1112 never-treated essential hypertension patients and 203 normotensive controls, tightly linked SNPs of beta-adrenergic receptors (ADRB1 - Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly; ADRB2 - Cys19Arg, Gly16Arg and Gln27Glu) and the G-protein beta3-subunit (GNB3 - A3882C, G5249A and C825T) were genotyped. Association of haplotypes with essential hypertension and with the blood pressure response to atenolol 50 mg twice daily in a subgroup of essential hypertension patients (n = 340) was evaluated (Haploview 3.2). RESULTS No SNPs or haplotypes were associated with essential hypertension. In females only, GNB3 SNPs and haplotypes were associated with the blood pressure response (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study confirmed the sex-specific association of GNB3 with the blood pressure response to atenolol with no substantial advantage of the analysis of haplotypes over SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Filigheddu
- Chair of Emergency, University of Sassari Medical School and Hypertension & Cardiovascular Prevention Center, Viale S Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Vangjeli C, Clarke N, Quinn U, Dicker P, Tighe O, Ho C, O'Brien E, Stanton AV. Confirmation That the Renin Gene Distal Enhancer Polymorphism
REN
-5312C/T Is Associated With Increased Blood Pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 3:53-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.109.899930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background—
Studies of knockout and transgenic mice have demonstrated key roles for genes encoding components of the renin angiotensin system in blood pressure regulation. However, whether polymorphisms in these genes contribute to the cause of essential hypertension in humans is still a matter of debate.
Methods and Results—
We performed an experiment with dense tagging single-nucleotide polymorphism coverage of 4 genes encoding proteins that control the overall activity of the cascade, namely renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, in 2 Irish populations. Both clinic and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements were available from population I (n=387), whereas just clinic blood pressure was measured in population II (n=1024). Of the 23 polymorphisms genotyped, only a single renin gene polymorphism, REN-5312C/T, showed consistent statistically significant associations with elevated diastolic pressures. Carriage of one REN-5312T allele was associated with the following age- and sex-adjusted increments in diastolic pressures (mean [95% CI]): population I, clinic, 1.5 mm Hg (0.3 to 2.8); daytime, 1.4 mm Hg (0.4 to 2.4); night-time, 1.3 mm Hg (0.4 to 2.3), and population II, clinic, 1.1 mm Hg (0.1 to 2.1). Haplotypic analyses and multivariate stepwise regression analyses were in concordance with individual single-nucleotide polymorphism analyses.
Conclusions—
The REN-5312T allele had been shown previously to result in increased in vitro expression of the renin gene. We have now shown, in 2 independent populations, that carriage of a REN-5312T allele is associated with elevated diastolic blood pressure. These data provide evidence that renin is an important susceptibility gene for arterial hypertension in whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Vangjeli
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Clarke
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ursula Quinn
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Dicker
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orna Tighe
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clara Ho
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin O'Brien
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice V. Stanton
- From the Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics (C.V., N.C., U.Q., O.T., C.H., A.S.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Division of Population Health Sciences (P.D.), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research (E.B.), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Saidi S, Mallat SG, Almawi WY, Mahjoub T. Association between renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genotypes and haplotypes and risk of ischemic stroke of atherosclerotic etiology. Acta Neurol Scand 2009; 119:356-63. [PMID: 19473121 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association of renin C-4063T and angiotensinogen (AGT) T174M, AGT M235T and AGT A-6G polymorphisms with ischemic stroke of atherosclerotic etiology was investigated in 329 Tunisian patients with stroke and 444 controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP and the contributions of polymorphisms to the risk of stroke were analyzed using haplotype and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS AGT 235T and AGT-6G allele and AGT 235T/T, AGT-6A/G and AGT-6G/G genotype frequencies were higher in patients. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was noted for AGT174T with AGT235M and AGT(-6)A in patients, while AGT235M was in LD with AGT(-6)A in controls and AGT235T was in LD with AGT(-6)G in both groups. The AGT 174T/235T/-6A and AGT 174T/235M/-6G haplotypes were positively and negatively associated with stroke respectively. Multivariate regression analysis identified AGT 174T/235M/-6A, AGT 174T/235T/-6G, AGT 174T/235T/-6A and AGT 174M/235T/-6A haplotypes to be significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke. CONCLUSIONS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system polymorphisms influence the risk of atherosclerotic stroke in Tunisians.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saidi
- Research Unit of Hematological and Autoimmune Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Hirose T, Hashimoto M, Totsune K, Metoki H, Asayama K, Kikuya M, Sugimoto K, Katsuya T, Ohkubo T, Hashimoto J, Rakugi H, Takahashi K, Imai Y. Association of (pro)renin receptor gene polymorphism with blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohasama study. Am J Hypertens 2009; 22:294-9. [PMID: 19131936 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2008.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed that (pro)renin receptor ((P)RR), a newly identified member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is associated with blood pressure regulation in animals. However, there is no information on (P)RR in humans. We investigated the association of (P)RR gene polymorphisms with blood pressure in a Japanese population. METHODS Subjects (n = 1,112) were recruited from participants in the Ohasama study, a Japanese cohort study. For the association study, we selected three polymorphisms: -782A>G (rs2968915), intervening sequence (IVS)5+169C>T (rs5918007), and +1513A>G (rs6609080). Because the (P)RR gene is on the X chromosome, men (n = 357) and women (n = 755) were analyzed separately. RESULTS In men, 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values, daytime SBP and DBP values, and nighttime SBP and DBP values were significantly higher in IVS5+169T allele carriers than C allele carriers. Multiple regression analysis showed that IVS5+169C>T was significantly and independently related to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). IVS5+169C>T was not associated with casual blood pressure (CBP) in men. In women, there were no significant differences in blood pressure values among the three genotypes of IVS5+169C>T. This polymorphism had no significant association with any other clinical characteristic. -782A>G was weakly associated with ABP in men. +1513A>G was not associated with blood pressure values in either men or women. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time that polymorphism of the (P)RR gene IVS5+169C>T is associated with ABP in Japanese men. This association suggests that (P)RR has a role in blood pressure regulation.
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Jeunemaitre X. Genetics of the human renin angiotensin system. J Mol Med (Berl) 2008; 86:637-41. [PMID: 18443750 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-008-0344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The genes coding for the renin angiotensin system have been extensively studied. During the last 15 years, informative markers and functional polymorphisms have been identified, and numerous linkage and association studies have been performed in cardiovascular diseases, especially human hypertension. This mini-review aims to summarize the main findings observed for each component of this enzymatic cascade taken alone or in combination, with an emphasis on the most recent or innovative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Jeunemaitre
- INSERM U772, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, Paris, France.
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