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Korpidou M, Becker J, Tarvirdipour S, Dinu IA, Becer CR, Palivan CG. Glycooligomer-Functionalized Catalytic Nanocompartments Co-Loaded with Enzymes Support Parallel Reactions and Promote Cell Internalization. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4492-4509. [PMID: 38910355 PMCID: PMC11238334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A major shortcoming associated with the application of enzymes in drug synergism originates from the lack of site-specific, multifunctional nanomedicine. This study introduces catalytic nanocompartments (CNCs) made of a mixture of PDMS-b-PMOXA diblock copolymers, decorated with glycooligomer tethers comprising eight mannose-containing repeating units and coencapsulating two enzymes, providing multifunctionality by their in situ parallel reactions. Beta-glucuronidase (GUS) serves for local reactivation of the drug hymecromone, while glucose oxidase (GOx) induces cell starvation through glucose depletion and generation of the cytotoxic H2O2. The insertion of the pore-forming peptide, melittin, facilitates diffusion of substrates and products through the membranes. Increased cell-specific internalization of the CNCs results in a substantial decrease in HepG2 cell viability after 24 h, attributed to simultaneous production of hymecromone and H2O2. Such parallel enzymatic reactions taking place in nanocompartments pave the way to achieve efficient combinatorial cancer therapy by enabling localized drug production along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Korpidou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Shabnam Tarvirdipour
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
- NCCR
Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
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2
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Weiz G, González AL, Mansilla IS, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Molejón MI, Breccia JD. Rutinosides-derived from Sarocladium strictum 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase show enhanced anti-tumoral activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:133. [PMID: 38720294 PMCID: PMC11077868 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low targeting efficacy and high toxicity continue to be challenges in Oncology. A promising strategy is the glycosylation of chemotherapeutic agents to improve their pharmacodynamics and anti-tumoral activity. Herein, we provide evidence of a novel approach using diglycosidases from fungi of the Hypocreales order to obtain novel rutinose-conjugates therapeutic agents with enhanced anti-tumoral capacity. RESULTS Screening for diglycosidase activity in twenty-eight strains of the genetically related genera Acremonium and Sarocladium identified 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase (αRβG) of Sarocladium strictum DMic 093557 as candidate enzyme for our studies. Biochemically characterization shows that αRβG has the ability to transglycosylate bulky OH-acceptors, including bioactive compounds. Interestingly, rutinoside-derivatives of phloroglucinol (PR) resorcinol (RR) and 4-methylumbelliferone (4MUR) displayed higher growth inhibitory activity on pancreatic cancer cells than the respective aglycones without significant affecting normal pancreatic epithelial cells. PR exhibited the highest efficacy with an IC50 of 0.89 mM, followed by RR with an IC50 of 1.67 mM, and 4MUR with an IC50 of 2.4 mM, whereas the respective aglycones displayed higher IC50 values: 4.69 mM for phloroglucinol, 5.90 mM for resorcinol, and 4.8 mM for 4-methylumbelliferone. Further, glycoconjugates significantly sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to the standard of care chemotherapy agent gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS αRβG from S. strictum transglycosylate-based approach to synthesize rutinosides represents a suitable option to enhance the anti-proliferative effect of bioactive compounds. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing more effective therapies for pancreatic cancer and other solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Weiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.
| | - Alina L González
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Iara S Mansilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Martín E Fernandez-Zapico
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - María I Molejón
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Javier D Breccia
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
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3
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Gu X, Minko T. Targeted Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostic and Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1589. [PMID: 38672671 PMCID: PMC11048786 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the deadliest cancers, presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its aggressive, metastatic nature and lack of early detection methods. A key obstacle in PDAC treatment is the highly complex tumor environment characterized by dense stroma surrounding the tumor, which hinders effective drug delivery. Nanotechnology can offer innovative solutions to these challenges, particularly in creating novel drug delivery systems for existing anticancer drugs for PDAC, such as gemcitabine and paclitaxel. By using customization methods such as incorporating conjugated targeting ligands, tumor-penetrating peptides, and therapeutic nucleic acids, these nanoparticle-based systems enhance drug solubility, extend circulation time, improve tumor targeting, and control drug release, thereby minimizing side effects and toxicity in healthy tissues. Moreover, nanoparticles have also shown potential in precise diagnostic methods for PDAC. This literature review will delve into targeted mechanisms, pathways, and approaches in treating pancreatic cancer. Additional emphasis is placed on the study of nanoparticle-based delivery systems, with a brief mention of those in clinical trials. Overall, the overview illustrates the significant advances in nanomedicine, underscoring its role in transcending the constraints of conventional PDAC therapies and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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4
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Aguilar K, Sharma AK, Yang T, Mehta D, Panda CS, Lokeshwar VB. Teaching an Old Drug a New Trick: Targeting Treatment Resistance in Genitourinary Cancers. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2024; 5:51-56. [PMID: 38726221 PMCID: PMC11081427 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.5.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In the quest for improving the clinical outcome of patients with metastatic genitourinary cancers, including metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), the emphasis often is on finding new targeted therapies. However, two studies by Jordan et al. (Oncogenesis 2020) and Wang et al. (Cancer Cell Int 2022) demonstrate the feasibility of improving the efficacy of a modestly effective drug Sorafenib against mRCC by attacking a mechanism hijacked by RCC cells for inactivating Sorafenib. The studies also identified hyaluronic acid synthase -3 (HAS3) as a bonafide target of Sorafenib in RCC cells. The studies demonstrate that an over-the-counter drug Hymecromone (4-methylumbelliferone) blocks inactivation of Sorafenib in RCC cells and improves its efficacy against mRCC through the inhibition of HAS3 expression and HA signaling. In the broader context, improving the efficacy of "old and failed drugs" that have favorable safety profiles should increase the availability of effective treatments for patients with advanced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
| | - Anuj K. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
| | - Tianyu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
| | - Dipen Mehta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
| | - Chandramukhi S. Panda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
| | - Vinata B. Lokeshwar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., 30912, USA
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Olivares CN, Ricci AG, Bilotas MA, Alaniz L, Barañao RI, Meresman GF. Effects of pharmacological inhibition of hyaluronic acid synthesis on experimental endometriosis. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13899. [PMID: 36346481 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated hyaluronic acid (HA) metabolism has been shown to be implicated in several pathologies including endometriosis. 4-Methylumbelliferone (4MU) is an HA synthesis inhibitor with proven antitumour activity. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of 4MU on endometriosis development both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Endometriosis was surgically induced by uterine tissue auto-transplantation in 32 two-month-old BALB/c mice. Animals were designated into the early or late starting treatment group, which initiated on day 2 or day 15 after surgery, respectively. Within each group, 4MU 200 mg/kg/day or vehicle (Control) were administered by oesophageal gavage for 28 days. After sacrifice, the percentage of developed lesions, lesion size, cell proliferation, vascularization and HA deposition within the endometriotic-like lesions were evaluated. Cell viability was assessed in endometrial epithelial cells (ECC-1) and in endometrial stromal cells (t-HESC); and migration was evaluated in t-HESC. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the percentage of developed lesions in mice that started the 4MU treatment on day 2 compared with its respective control group, and compared with those that started treatment on day 15. However, no significant changes were found when analysing endometriotic-like lesion's cell proliferation, vascularization and HA deposition. In vitro, both cell viability and migration were inhibited by 4MU treatment. CONCLUSIONS The inhibition of HA synthesis could be a beneficial and alternative option to treat endometriosis at the early stage of the disease. Further research is necessary to elucidate 4MU's mechanism of action and better strategies for delivering this promising drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Noemí Olivares
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Gabriela Ricci
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela Andrea Bilotas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Junín, Argentina
| | - Rosa Inés Barañao
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Fabiana Meresman
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME - CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yang XY, Zhang JG, Zhou QM, Yu JN, Lu YF, Wang XJ, Zhou JP, Ding XF, Du YZ, Yu RS. Extracellular matrix modulating enzyme functionalized biomimetic Au nanoplatform-mediated enhanced tumor penetration and synergistic antitumor therapy for pancreatic cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:524. [PMID: 36496411 PMCID: PMC9741808 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) severely limits therapeutic drug penetration into tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. Collagen is the most abundant matrix protein in the tumor ECM, which is the main obstacle that severely hinders the diffusion of chemotherapeutic drugs or nanomedicines. METHODS We designed a collagenase-functionalized biomimetic drug-loaded Au nanoplatform that combined ECM degradation, active targeting, immune evasion, near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered drug release, and synergistic antitumor therapy and diagnosis into one nanoplatform. PDAC tumor cell membranes were extracted and coated onto doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded Au nanocages, and then collagenase was added to functionalize the cell membrane through lipid insertion. We evaluated the physicochemical properties, in vitro and in vivo targeting, penetration and therapeutic efficacy of the nanoplatform. RESULTS Upon intravenous injection, this nanoplatform efficiently targeted the tumor through the homologous targeting properties of the coated cell membrane. During penetration into the tumor tissue, the dense ECM in the PDAC tissues was gradually degraded by collagenase, leading to a looser ECM structure and deep penetration within the tumor parenchyma. Under NIR irradiation, both photothermal and photodynamic effects were produced and the encapsulated chemotherapeutic drugs were released effectively, exerting a strong synergistic antitumor effect. Moreover, this nanoplatform has X-ray attenuation properties that could serve to guide and monitor treatment by CT imaging. CONCLUSION This work presented a unique and facile yet effective strategy to modulate ECM components in PDAC, enhance tumor penetration and tumor-killing effects and provide therapeutic guidance and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Guo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Mei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Ni Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Fei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Fa Ding
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ri-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Jahedi H, Ramachandran A, Windsor J, Knowlton N, Blenkiron C, Print CG. Clinically Relevant Biology of Hyaluronic Acid in the Desmoplastic Stroma of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2022; 51:1092-1104. [PMID: 37078930 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notorious for its poor outcome. The presence of a dense desmoplastic stroma is a hallmark of this malignancy, and abundant hyaluronic acid (HA) within this stroma is a common feature of PDAC. At the end of 2019, an HA-targeting drug, after initial promise, failed phase 3 clinical trials in PDAC. This failure in the face of such strong evidence for biological importance forces us to turn back to the research and seek a better understanding of HA biology in PDAC. Therefore, in this review, we reexamine what is known about HA biology, the methods used to detect and quantify HA, and the ability of the biological models in which HA has been investigated to recapitulate an HA-rich desmoplastic tumor stroma. The role of HA in PDAC relies on its complex interplay with a range of HA-associated molecules, which have not been as extensively investigated as HA itself. Therefore, using large genomic data sets, we cataloged the abundance and activity in PDAC of molecules that modulate HA synthesis, degradation, protein interactions, and receptor binding. Based on their association with clinical characteristics and individual patient outcomes, we suggest a small number of HA-associated molecules that warrant further investigation as biomarkers and drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Jahedi
- From the Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pathology
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Karalis T, Skandalis SS. Hyaluronan network: a driving force in cancer progression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C145-C158. [PMID: 35649255 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00139.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is one of the most abundant macromolecules of the extracellular matrix and regulates several physiological cell and tissue properties. However, hyaluronan has been shown to accumulate together with its receptors in various cancers. In tumors, accumulation of hyaluronan system components (hyaluronan synthesizing/degrading enzymes and interacting proteins) associates with poor outcomes of the patients. In this article, we review the main roles of hyaluronan in normal physiology and cancer, and further discuss the targeting of hyaluronan system as an applicable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Koltai T, Reshkin SJ, Carvalho TMA, Di Molfetta D, Greco MR, Alfarouk KO, Cardone RA. Resistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Physiopathologic and Pharmacologic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2486. [PMID: 35626089 PMCID: PMC9139729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment. Many factors contribute to this therapeutic failure: lack of symptoms until the tumor reaches an advanced stage, leading to late diagnosis; early lymphatic and hematic spread; advanced age of patients; important development of a pro-tumoral and hyperfibrotic stroma; high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity; poor vascular supply; a highly acidic matrix; extreme hypoxia; and early development of resistance to the available therapeutic options. In most cases, the disease is silent for a long time, andwhen it does become symptomatic, it is too late for ablative surgery; this is one of the major reasons explaining the short survival associated with the disease. Even when surgery is possible, relapsesare frequent, andthe causes of this devastating picture are the low efficacy ofand early resistance to all known chemotherapeutic treatments. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the roots of this resistance in order to improve the benefits of therapy. PDAC chemoresistance is the final product of different, but to some extent, interconnected factors. Surgery, being the most adequate treatment for pancreatic cancer and the only one that in a few selected cases can achieve longer survival, is only possible in less than 20% of patients. Thus, the treatment burden relies on chemotherapy in mostcases. While the FOLFIRINOX scheme has a slightly longer overall survival, it also produces many more adverse eventsso that gemcitabine is still considered the first choice for treatment, especially in combination with other compounds/agents. This review discusses the multiple causes of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Khalid Omer Alfarouk
- Zamzam Research Center, Zamzam University College, Khartoum 11123, Sudan;
- Alfarouk Biomedical Research LLC, Temple Terrace, FL 33617, USA
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
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10
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Almahayni K, Spiekermann M, Fiore A, Yu G, Pedram K, Möckl L. Small molecule inhibitors of mammalian glycosylation. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 16:100108. [PMID: 36467541 PMCID: PMC9713294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans are one of the fundamental biopolymers encountered in living systems. Compared to polynucleotide and polypeptide biosynthesis, polysaccharide biosynthesis is a uniquely combinatorial process to which interdependent enzymes with seemingly broad specificities contribute. The resulting intracellular cell surface, and secreted glycans play key roles in health and disease, from embryogenesis to cancer progression. The study and modulation of glycans in cell and organismal biology is aided by small molecule inhibitors of the enzymes involved in glycan biosynthesis. In this review, we survey the arsenal of currently available inhibitors, focusing on agents which have been independently validated in diverse systems. We highlight the utility of these inhibitors and drawbacks to their use, emphasizing the need for innovation for basic research as well as for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Spiekermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA,Corresponding authors.
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany,Corresponding authors.
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Periyasamy L, Muruganantham B, Park WY, Muthusami S. Phyto-targeting the CEMIP Expression as a Strategy to Prevent Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:922-946. [PMID: 35236267 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220302153201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastasis of primary pancreatic cancer (PC) to adjacent or distant organs is responsible for the poor survival rate of affected individuals. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are currently being prescribed to treat PC in addition to surgical resection. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for PC that leads to 20% of 5-year survival, but only less than 20% of patients are eligible for surgical resection because of the poor prognosis. To improve the prognosis and clinical outcome, early diagnostic markers need to be identified, and targeting them would be of immense benefit to increase the efficiency of the treatment. Cell migration-inducing hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP) is identified as an important risk factor for the metastasis of various cancers, including PC. Emerging studies have pointed out the crucial role of CEMIP in the regulation of various signaling mechanisms, leading to enhanced migration and metastasis of PC. METHODS The published findings on PC metastasis, phytoconstituents, and CEMIP were retrieved from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library. Computational tools, such as gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, were used to study the relationship between CEMIP expression and survival of PC individuals. RESULTS Gene expression analysis using the GEPIA database identified a stupendous increase in the CEMIP transcript in PC compared to adjacent normal tissues. KM plotter analysis revealed the impact of CEMIP on the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among PC patients. Subsequently, several risk factors associated with PC development were screened, and their ability to regulate CEMIP gene expression was analyzed using computational tools. CONCLUSION The current review is focused on gathering information regarding the regulatory role of phytocomponents in PC migration and exploring their possible impact on the CEMIP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loganayaki Periyasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Bharathi Muruganantham
- Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Woo-Yoon Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
- Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
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12
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Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010048. [PMID: 35008212 PMCID: PMC8750350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The progression of liver tumors is highly influenced by the interactions between cancer cells and the surrounding environment, and, consequently, can determine whether the primary tumor regresses, metastasizes, or establishes micrometastases. In the context of liver cancer, cell death is a double-edged sword. On one hand, cell death promotes inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, which are tightly orchestrated by a variety of resident and infiltrating host cells. On the other hand, targeting cell death in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma could represent an attractive therapeutic approach for limiting tumor growth. Further studies are needed to investigate therapeutic strategies combining current chemotherapies with novel drugs targeting either cell death or the tumor microenvironment. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Closely associated with liver inflammation and fibrosis, hepatocyte cell death is a common trigger for acute and chronic liver disease arising from different etiologies, including viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, and fatty liver. In this review, we discuss the contribution of different types of cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, or autophagy, to the progression of liver disease and the development of HCC. Interestingly, inflammasomes have recently emerged as pivotal innate sensors with a highly pathogenic role in various liver diseases. In this regard, an increased inflammatory response would act as a key element promoting a pro-oncogenic microenvironment that may result not only in tumor growth, but also in the formation of a premetastatic niche. Importantly, nonparenchymal hepatic cells, such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and hepatic macrophages, play an important role in establishing the tumor microenvironment, stimulating tumorigenesis by paracrine communication through cytokines and/or angiocrine factors. Finally, we update the potential therapeutic options to inhibit tumorigenesis, and we propose different mechanisms to consider in the tumor microenvironment field for HCC resolution.
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Vitale DL, Icardi A, Rosales P, Spinelli FM, Sevic I, Alaniz LD. Targeting the Tumor Extracellular Matrix by the Natural Molecule 4-Methylumbelliferone: A Complementary and Alternative Cancer Therapeutic Strategy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710061. [PMID: 34676159 PMCID: PMC8524446 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In antineoplastic therapy, one of the challenges is to adjust the treatment to the needs of each patient and reduce the toxicity caused by conventional antitumor strategies. It has been demonstrated that natural products with antitumoral properties are less toxic than chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Also, using already developed drugs allows developing substantially less costly methods for the discovery of new treatments than traditional drug development. Candidate molecules proposed for drug repositioning include 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), an orally available dietetic product, derivative of coumarin and mainly found in the plant family Umbelliferae or Apiaceae. 4-MU specifically inhibits the synthesis of glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA), which is its main mechanism of action. This agent reduces the availability of HA substrates and inhibits the activity of different HA synthases. However, an effect independent of HA synthesis has also been observed. 4-MU acts as an inhibitor of tumor growth in different types of cancer. Particularly, 4-MU acts on the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of tumor cells and inhibits the progression of cancer stem cells and the development of drug resistance. In addition, the effect of 4-MU impacts not only on tumor cells, but also on other components of the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, 4-MU can potentially act on immune, fibroblast and endothelial cells, and pro-tumor processes such as angiogenesis. Most of these effects are consistent with the altered functions of HA during tumor progression and can be interrupted by the action of 4-MU. While the potential advantage of 4-MU as an adjunct in cancer therapy could improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicities of other antitumoral agents, the greatest challenge is the lack of scientific evidence to support its approval. Therefore, crucial human clinical studies have yet to be done to respond to this need. Here, we discuss and review the possible applications of 4-MU as an adjunct in conventional antineoplastic therapies, to achieve greater therapeutic success. We also describe the main proposed mechanisms of action that promote an increase in the efficacy of conventional antineoplastic strategies in different types of cancer and prospects that promote 4-MU repositioning and application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana L Vitale
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco (UNSAdA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Antonella Icardi
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco (UNSAdA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Paolo Rosales
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco (UNSAdA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Fiorella M Spinelli
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), Inserm, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ina Sevic
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco (UNSAdA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Laura D Alaniz
- Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junin, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco (UNSAdA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
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14
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Chaudhry GES, Akim A, Naveed Zafar M, Safdar N, Sung YY, Muhammad TST. Understanding Hyaluronan Receptor (CD44) Interaction, HA-CD44 Activated Potential Targets in Cancer Therapeutics. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:426-438. [PMID: 34513617 PMCID: PMC8421618 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex mechanism involving a series of cellular events. The glycoproteins such as hyaluronan (HA) are a significant element of extracellular matrix (ECM), involve in the onset of cancer developmental process. The pivotal roles of HA in cancer progression depend on dysregulated expression in various cancer. HA, also gain attention due to consideration as a primary ligand of CD44 receptor. The CD44, complex transmembrane receptor protein, due to alternative splicing in the transcription process, various CD44 isoforms predominantly exist. The overexpression of distinct CD44 isoforms (CD44v) standard (CD44s) depends on the tumour type and stage. The receptor proteins, CD44 engage in a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis. HA-CD44 interaction trigger survival pathways that result in cell proliferation, invasion ultimately complex metastasis. The interaction and binding of ligand-receptor HA-CD44 regulate the downstream cytoskeleton pathways involve in cell survival or cell death. Thus, targeting HA, CD44 (variant and standard) isoform, and HA-CD44 binding consider as an attractive and useful approach towards cancer therapeutics. The use of various inhibitors of HA, hyaluronidases (HYALs), and utilizing targeted Nano-delivery of anticancer agents and antibodies against CD44, peptides gives promising results in vitro and in vivo. However, they are in clinical trials with favourable and unfavourable outcomes, which reflects the need for various modifications in targeting agents and a better understanding of potential targets in tumour progression pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul-E-Saba Chaudhry
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Abdah Akim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Naila Safdar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Yeong Yik Sung
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
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15
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Yan T, Chen X, Zhan H, Yao P, Wang N, Yang H, Zhang C, Wang K, Hu H, Li J, Sun J, Dong Y, Lu E, Zheng Z, Zhang R, Wang X, Ma J, Gao M, Ye J, Wang X, Teng L, Liu H, Zhao S. Interfering with hyaluronic acid metabolism suppresses glioma cell proliferation by regulating autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:486. [PMID: 33986244 PMCID: PMC8119697 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an important component of the extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment, abnormally accumulates in a variety of tumors. However, the role of abnormal HA accumulation in glioma remains unclear. The present study indicated that HA, hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3), and a receptor of HA named CD44 were expressed at high levels in human glioma tissues and negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Silencing HAS3 expression or blocking CD44 inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism was attributed to the inhibition of autophagy flux and maintaining glioma cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. More importantly, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), a small competitive inhibitor of Uridine diphosphate (UDP) with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), also inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Thus, approaches that interfere with HA metabolism by altering the expression of HAS3 and CD44 and the administration of 4-MU potentially represent effective strategies for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hua Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Penglei Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - He Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- North Broward Preparatory School, 7600 Lyons Rd Coconut Creek, Orlando, FL, 33073, USA
| | - Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingxian Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Enzhou Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhixing Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ruotian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jichao Ma
- Biomolecular Science Center, Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Junyi Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinzhuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Huailei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518100, Guangdong Province, China.
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16
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Koltai T, Reshkin SJ, Carvalho TMA, Cardone RA. Targeting the Stromal Pro-Tumoral Hyaluronan-CD44 Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3953. [PMID: 33921242 PMCID: PMC8069142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies. Present-day treatments have not shown real improvements in reducing the high mortality rate and the short survival of the disease. The average survival is less than 5% after 5 years. New innovative treatments are necessary to curtail the situation. The very dense pancreatic cancer stroma is a barrier that impedes the access of chemotherapeutic drugs and at the same time establishes a pro-proliferative symbiosis with the tumor, thus targeting the stroma has been suggested by many authors. No ideal drug or drug combination for this targeting has been found as yet. With this goal in mind, here we have explored a different complementary treatment based on abundant previous publications on repurposed drugs. The cell surface protein CD44 is the main receptor for hyaluronan binding. Many malignant tumors show over-expression/over-activity of both. This is particularly significant in pancreatic cancer. The independent inhibition of hyaluronan-producing cells, hyaluronan synthesis, and/or CD44 expression, has been found to decrease the tumor cell's proliferation, motility, invasion, and metastatic abilities. Targeting the hyaluronan-CD44 pathway seems to have been bypassed by conventional mainstream oncological practice. There are existing drugs that decrease the activity/expression of hyaluronan and CD44: 4-methylumbelliferone and bromelain respectively. Some drugs inhibit hyaluronan-producing cells such as pirfenidone. The association of these three drugs has never been tested either in the laboratory or in the clinical setting. We present a hypothesis, sustained by hard experimental evidence, suggesting that the simultaneous use of these nontoxic drugs can achieve synergistic or added effects in reducing invasion and metastatic potential, in PDAC. A non-toxic, low-cost scheme for inhibiting this pathway may offer an additional weapon for treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rosa A. Cardone
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (R.A.C.)
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17
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Bai G, Zhao D, Ran X, Zhang L, Zhao D. Novel Hybrids of Podophyllotoxin and Coumarin Inhibit the Growth and Migration of Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells. Front Chem 2021; 8:626075. [PMID: 33520940 PMCID: PMC7843452 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.626075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of oral tumor. In this study, two novel hybrids of podophyllotoxin and coumarin were designed using molecular hybridization strategy and synthesized. Pharmacological evaluation showed that the potent compound 12b inhibited the proliferation of three human oral squamous carcinoma cell lines with nanomolar IC50 values, as well as displayed less toxicity on normal cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that 12b triggered HSC-2 cell apoptosis, induced cell cycle arrest, and inhibited cell migration. Moreover, 12b could disturb the microtubule network via binding into the tubulin. It was noteworthy that induction of autophagy by 12b was associated with the upregulation of Beclin1, as well as LC3-II. Furthermore, 12b significantly stimulated the AMPK pathway and restrained the AKT/mTOR pathway in HSC-2 cells. These results indicated that compound 12b was a promising candidate for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Ran
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Degang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering and College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Guizhou Distinctive Plant Resources Conservation, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, China
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18
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Haider T, Sandha KK, Soni V, Gupta PN. Recent advances in tumor microenvironment associated therapeutic strategies and evaluation models. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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López de Andrés J, Griñán-Lisón C, Jiménez G, Marchal JA. Cancer stem cell secretome in the tumor microenvironment: a key point for an effective personalized cancer treatment. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:136. [PMID: 33059744 PMCID: PMC7559894 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a tumor subpopulation responsible for tumor metastasis and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, ultimately leading to tumor relapse. As a consequence, the detection and eradication of this cell subpopulation represent a current challenge in oncology medicine. CSC phenotype is dependent on the tumor microenvironment (TME), which involves stem and differentiated tumor cells, as well as different cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and cells of the immune system, in addition to the extracellular matrix (ECM), different in composition to the ECM in healthy tissues. CSCs regulate multiple cancer hallmarks through the interaction with cells and ECM in their environment by secreting extracellular vesicles including exosomes, and soluble factors such as interleukins, cytokines, growth factors and other metabolites to the TME. Through these factors, CSCs generate and activate their own tumor niche by recruiting stromal cells and modulate angiogenesis, metastasis, resistance to antitumor treatments and their own maintenance by the secretion of different factors such as IL-6, VEGF and TGF-ß. Due to the strong influence of the CSC secretome on disease development, the new antitumor therapies focus on targeting these communication networks to eradicate the tumor and prevent metastasis, tumor relapse and drug resistance. This review summarizes for the first time the main components of the CSC secretome and how they mediate different tumor processes. Lastly, the relevance of the CSC secretome in the development of more precise and personalized antitumor therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia López de Andrés
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Griñán-Lisón
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain. .,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18100, Granada, Spain. .,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain.
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20
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Sánchez N, González-Ramírez MC, Contreras EG, Ubilla A, Li J, Valencia A, Wilson A, Green JBA, Tucker AS, Gaete M. Balance Between Tooth Size and Tooth Number Is Controlled by Hyaluronan. Front Physiol 2020; 11:996. [PMID: 32982773 PMCID: PMC7476214 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While the function of proteins and genes has been widely studied during vertebrate development, relatively little work has addressed the role of carbohydrates. Hyaluronan (HA), also known as hyaluronic acid, is an abundant carbohydrate in embryonic tissues and is the main structural component of the extracellular matrix of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. HA is able to absorb large quantities of water and can signal by binding to cell-surface receptors. During organ development and regeneration, HA has been shown to regulate cell proliferation, cell shape, and migration. Here, we have investigated the function of HA during molar tooth development in mice, in which, similar to humans, new molars sequentially bud off from a pre-existing molar. Using an ex vivo approach, we found that inhibiting HA synthesis in culture leads to a significant increase in proliferation and subsequent size of the developing molar, while the formation of sequential molars was inhibited. By cell shape analysis, we observed that inhibition of HA synthesis caused an elongation and reorientation of the major cell axes, indicating that disruption to cellular orientation and shape may underlie the observed phenotype. Lineage tracing demonstrated the retention of cells in the developing first molar (M1) at the expense of the generation of a second molar (M2). Our results highlight a novel role for HA in controlling proliferation, cell orientation, and migration in the developing tooth, impacting cellular decisions regarding tooth size and number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Angélica Ubilla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jingjing Li
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anyeli Valencia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Wilson
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jeremy B A Green
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail S Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcia Gaete
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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McLaughlin JE, Santos MT, Binkley PA, Sultana M, Tekmal RR, Schenken RS, Knudtson JF. Inhibition of Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis Decreases Endometrial Cell Attachment, Migration, and Invasion. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1058-1063. [PMID: 32016803 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) on expression of the hyaluronic acid (HA) system and on attachment, migration, and invasion of endometrial epithelial (EECs) and stroma cells (ESCs) to peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), this in vitro study was performed in an Academic Center. De-identified endometrial tissue samples used were from reproductive-aged women. EECs and ESCs isolated from menstrual endometrial biopsies were treated with 4-MU or vehicle. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to assess expression of HA synthases (HAS), hyaluronidase, and standard CD44. Established in vitro assays were used to assess attachment, migration, and invasion with and without treatment with 4-MU. Chi square and Student's t-test were used to analyze the results as appropriate. The addition of 4-MU decreased mRNA and protein expression of HAS 2, HAS 3, and CD44 in EECs and ESCs compared to control. Treatment with 4-MU also decreased attachment, migration, and invasion of EECs and ESCs to PMCs compared to control. 4-MU decreases endometrial cell adhesion, migration, and invasion to PMCs. This effect appears to be mediated by a decrease in HAS 2, HAS 3, and CD44. 4-MU is a potential treatment for endometriosis. Future in vivo studies are needed to evaluate 4-MU as a therapeutic agent for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E McLaughlin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Marlen Tellez Santos
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Peter A Binkley
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Mubeen Sultana
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Rajeshwar R Tekmal
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Robert S Schenken
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jennifer F Knudtson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, MC 7836, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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22
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Han X, Xu Y, Geranpayehvaghei M, Anderson GJ, Li Y, Nie G. Emerging nanomedicines for anti-stromal therapy against desmoplastic tumors. Biomaterials 2020; 232:119745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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23
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Henke E, Nandigama R, Ergün S. Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 6:160. [PMID: 32118030 PMCID: PMC7025524 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 553] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs. Intratumoral signaling, transport mechanisms, metabolisms, oxygenation, and immunogenicity are strongly affected if not controlled by the ECM. Exerting this regulatory control, the ECM does not only influence malignancy and growth of the tumor but also its response toward therapy. Understanding the particularities of the ECM in solid tumor is necessary to develop approaches to interfere with its negative effect. In this review, we will also highlight the current understanding of the physical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which the pathological tumor ECM affects the efficiency of radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy. Finally, we will discuss the various strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM and how they could be utilized to improve response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Henke
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix is part of the microenvironment and its functions are associated with the physical and chemical properties of the tissue. Among the extracellular components, the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is a key component, defining both the physical and biochemical characteristics of the healthy matrices. The hyaluronan metabolism is strictly regulated in physiological conditions, but in the tumoral tissues, its expression, size and binding proteins interaction are dysregulated. Hyaluronan from the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor cell proliferation, invasion, immune evasion, stemness alterations as well as drug resistance. This chapter describes data regarding novel concepts of hyaluronan functions in the tumor. Additionally, we discuss potential clinical applications of targeting HA metabolism in cancer therapy.
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25
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Pereira PMR, Ragupathi A, Shmuel S, Mandleywala K, Viola NT, Lewis JS. HER2-Targeted PET Imaging and Therapy of Hyaluronan-Masked HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2019; 17:327-337. [PMID: 31804840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a biomarker in breast cancer, and its overexpression is required to initiate therapies using HER2-targeted antibodies. Although trastuzumab is one of the most effective therapeutic antibodies in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer, a significant number of patients do not benefit from this therapy due to inherent or acquired resistance mechanisms. One reported mechanism of resistance is the steric hindering effect caused by the polymeric complex formed between hyaluronan and CD44, thus preventing trastuzumab from binding to HER2. Hyaluronan/CD44 contributes as an obstacle for trastuzumab to bind HER2, but it is also involved in HER2 internalization. In this study, we used zirconium-89 (89Zr)-labeled trastuzumab immunoPET to investigate whether degradation of hyaluronan can resensitize HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells to trastuzumab. Targeted degradation of endogenously produced hyaluronan and inhibition of its synthesis were achieved by treating trastuzumab-resistant JIMT1 breast cancer cells with hyaluronidase (HLX) and 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU). The 4MU/HLX treatment reduced HER2 internalization by depleting hyaluronan/CD44 and the caveolin-1 (CAV1) endocytic protein, resulting in enhanced membrane-bound 89Zr-labeled trastuzumab. 4MU/HLX enhanced trastuzumab tumor uptake, as evidenced by increased tumor binding of the 89Zr-labeled trastuzumab in JIMT1 tumor xenografts. In vitro mechanistic studies demonstrated a decrease in HER2-mediated oncogenic signaling upon cell treatment with 4MU/HLX. Importantly, 4MU/HLX enhanced trastuzumab efficacy in JIMT1 xenografts. These data showed the utility of 89Zr-labeled trastuzumab as a PET imaging agent to monitor the affinity of the antibody to HER2 during CD44/hyaluronan-specific inhibition with the overall goal of improving trastuzumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M R Pereira
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States
| | - Ashwin Ragupathi
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States
| | - Shayla Shmuel
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States
| | - Komal Mandleywala
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States
| | - Nerissa T Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute , Wayne State University , 4100 John R Street , Detroit , Michigan 48201 , United States
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , New York , United States.,Department of Radiology , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , New York , United States.,Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes Core , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York , United States
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26
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Lokman NA, Price ZK, Hawkins EK, Macpherson AM, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C. 4-Methylumbelliferone Inhibits Cancer Stem Cell Activation and Overcomes Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081187. [PMID: 31443261 PMCID: PMC6721459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that the extracellular matrix molecule hyaluronan (HA) plays a role in the development of ovarian cancer chemoresistance. This present study determined if HA production is increased in chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancers and if the HA inhibitor 4-methylubelliferone (4-MU) can overcome chemoresistance to the chemotherapeutic drug carboplatin (CBP) and inhibit spheroid formation and the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. We additionally assessed whether 4-MU could inhibit in vivo invasion of chemoresistant primary ovarian cancer cells in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The expression of the HA synthases HAS2 and HAS3 was significantly increased in chemoresistant compared to chemosensitive primary ovarian cancer cells isolated from patient ascites. 4-MU significantly inhibited HA production, cell survival, and spheroid formation of chemoresistant serous ovarian cancer cells. In combination with CBP, 4-MU treatment significantly decreased ovarian cancer cell survival and increased apoptosis of chemoresistant primary cells compared to CBP alone. 4-MU significantly reduced spheroid formation, expression of CSC markers ALDH1A1 and ABCG2 in primary cell spheroid cultures, and ALDH1 immunostaining in patient-derived tissue explant assays following treatment with CBP. Furthermore, 4-MU was very effective at inhibiting in vivo invasion of chemoresistant primary cells in CAM assays. Inhibition of HA is therefore a promising new strategy to overcome chemoresistance and to improve ovarian cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor A Lokman
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Zoe K Price
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Emily K Hawkins
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Anne M Macpherson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Martin K Oehler
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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27
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Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer: The role of hyaluronan. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 62:9-19. [PMID: 31319162 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of macromolecules such as proteoglycans (PGs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and fibrous proteins present within all tissues and organs. The main role of ECM is not only to provide an essential mechanical scaffold for the cells but also to mediate crucial biochemical cues that are required for tissue homeostasis. Dysregulations in ECM deposition alter cell microenvironment, triggering the onset or the rapid progression of several diseases, including cancer. Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous component of ECM considered as one of the main players of cancer initiation and progression. This review discusses how HA participate in and regulate several aspects of tumorigenesis, with particular attention to the hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg such as sustaining of the proliferative signaling, evasion of apoptosis, angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastases, reprogramming of energy metabolism and evasion of immune response.
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28
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Sukowati CHC, Anfuso B, Fiore E, Ie SI, Raseni A, Vascotto F, Avellini C, Mazzolini G, Tiribelli C. Hyaluronic acid inhibition by 4-methylumbelliferone reduces the expression of cancer stem cells markers during hepatocarcinogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4026. [PMID: 30858465 PMCID: PMC6411988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan of extracellular matrix related to cell surface which interacts with various cell types. To understand the role of HA during hepatocarcinogenesis, we assessed the effect of the inhibition of HA deposition and its association with heterogeneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In this study, we used transgenic mice C57BL/6J-Tg(Alb1HBV)44Bri/J (HBV-TG) and normal C57BL/6 J (WT) for in vivo study, while HCC cells Huh7 and JHH6 as in vitro models. Both models were treated with an HA inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU). We observed that 4MU treatments in animal model down-regulated the mRNA expressions of HA-related genes Has3 and Hyal2 only in HBV-TG but not in normal WT. As observed in vivo, in HCC cell lines, the HAS2 mRNA expression was down-regulated in Huh7 while HAS3 in JHH6, both with or without the presence of extrinsic HA. Interestingly, in both models, the expressions of various cancer stem cells (CD44, CD90, CD133, and EpCAM) were also decreased. Further, histological analysis showed that 4MU treatment with dose 25 mg/kg/day reduced fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis in vivo, in addition to be pro-apoptotic. We concluded that the inhibition of HA reduced the expressions of HA-related genes and stem cells markers in both models, indicating a possible modulation of cells-to-cells and cells-to-matrix interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caecilia H C Sukowati
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe 1, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Anfuso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500, B1629ODT, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susan I Ie
- Laboratory of Hepatitis and Emerging Diseases, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jl. Diponegoro 69, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alan Raseni
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - Institute for Research and Health Care Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria, 65, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - Institute for Research and Health Care Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria, 65, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Avellini
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500, B1629ODT, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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29
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Increase of Tumor Infiltrating γδ T-cells in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Through Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix by a Hyaluronan Synthesis Suppressor, 4-Methylumbelliferone. Pancreas 2019; 48:292-298. [PMID: 30589828 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Desmoplastic changes of extracellular matrix (ECM) containing large amounts of hyaluronan (HA) are of interest in chemo- and immunoresistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (MU), a selective inhibitor of HA, on ECM and to examine how MU affects adoptive immunotherapy. METHODS The effect of MU on cell proliferation, HA synthesis and formation of ECM were investigated in four PDAC cell lines. In addition, the cytotoxicity of γδ T-cell-rich peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from healthy donors and stimulated with zoledronate and interleukin-2 was examined in the presence of MU. The amount of HA and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also investigated in mice xenograft models. RESULTS In vitro, 1.0 mM MU inhibited cell proliferation by 45-70% and HA synthesis by 55-80% in all four PDAC cell lines, and enhanced γδ T-cell-rich PBMC-mediated cytotoxicity against PDAC cells. In vivo, MU reduced intratumoral HA and promoted infiltration of inoculated γδ T-cells into tumor tissue, and consequently suppressed tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS 4-methylumbelliferone may be an effective immunosensitizer against PDAC through induction of structural changes in the ECM.
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30
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Li S, Xu HX, Wu CT, Wang WQ, Jin W, Gao HL, Li H, Zhang SR, Xu JZ, Qi ZH, Ni QX, Yu XJ, Liu L. Angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer: current research status and clinical implications. Angiogenesis 2018; 22:15-36. [PMID: 30168025 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Although the standard of care in pancreatic cancer has improved, prognoses for patients remain poor with a 5-year survival rate of < 5%. Angiogenesis, namely, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, is an important event in tumor growth and hematogenous metastasis. It is a dynamic and complex process involving multiple mechanisms and is regulated by various molecules. Inhibition of angiogenesis has been an established therapeutic strategy for many solid tumors. However, clinical outcomes are far from satisfying for pancreatic cancer patients receiving anti-angiogenic therapies. In this review, we summarize the current status of angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer research and explore the reasons for the poor efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies, aiming to identify some potential therapeutic targets that may enhance the effectiveness of anti-angiogenic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hua-Xiang Xu
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chun-Tao Wu
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Quan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - He-Li Gao
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Xu
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zi-Hao Qi
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Quan-Xing Ni
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xian-Jun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic & Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Mikami K, Endo T, Sawada N, Igarashi GO, Kimura M, Sakuraba H, Fukuda S. Inhibition of Systemic Hyaluronan Synthesis Exacerbates Murine Hepatic Carcinogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:273-278. [PMID: 29475909 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hyaluronan (HA) is used as a biomarker of liver fibrosis, which is a key risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined the effects of prolonged pharmacological inhibition of HA synthesis on liver carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver tumors were induced in mice by administering 0.03% thioacetamide (TAA) in drinking water over a 12-month period. Animals simultaneously received either a diet containing of an inhibitor of HA synthesis [4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU)], or a control diet. RESULTS Addition of 4-MU resulted in a significantly higher number of tumors compared to TAA treatment alone. Moreover, addition of 4-MU resulted in a dose-dependent increase in maximum tumor size. CONCLUSION While local HA suppression has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on HCC in vitro and in tumor cell implantation experiments, the present results indicate that systemic inhibition of HA synthesis by 4-MU supplementation facilitates hepatic carcinogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Mikami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tetsu Endo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Naoya Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - G O Igarashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Masayo Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hirotake Sakuraba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Seufferlein T, Ducreux M, Hidalgo M, Prager G, Cutsem EV. More than a Gel & Hyaluronic Acid, a Central Component in the Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.17925/eoh.2018.14.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan (HA) is a major stromal component and its accumulation has been shown to play a central role in promoting tumourigenesis and progression of disease. Thus, overexpression of HA in tumours is associated with poor prognosis. Therapeutic targeting of HA is therefore an attractive strategy, particularly in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), which is associated with an extremely poor prognosis and less sensitivity towards chemotherapy. PDA is characterised by a high stromal content. The accumulation of dense, fibrotic extracellular matrix components within the stroma, termed desmoplasia, results in increased tumour interstitial fluid pressure and vascular compression that impair the delivery and efficacy of therapeutic agents. While some elements of the stroma may be protective for the patient and prevent a more aggressive phenotype of PDA, a pegylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (pegvorhyaluronidase alfa) has been found to inhibit tumour growth in preclinical studies. In a clinical phase II randomised trial, the addition of pegvorhyaluronidase alfa to nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine suggested significantly longer progression-free survival in patients with advanced PDA compared with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine alone. This benefit was even more pronounced in a subgroup of patients who expressed high levels of tumour HA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Ducreux
- Département de Médecine Oncologique, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France and Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Gerald Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hyaluronic acid family in bladder cancer: potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1507-1517. [PMID: 28972965 PMCID: PMC5680466 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Molecular markers of clinical outcome may aid in designing targeted treatments for bladder cancer. However, only a few bladder cancer biomarkers have been examined as therapeutic targets. Methods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and bladder specimens were evaluated to determine the biomarker potential of the hyaluronic acid (HA) family of molecules – HA synthases, HA receptors and hyaluronidase. The therapeutic efficacy of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU), a HA synthesis inhibitor, was evaluated in vitro and in xenograft models. Results: In clinical specimens and TCGA data sets, HA synthases and hyaluronidase-1 levels significantly predicted metastasis and poor survival. 4-Methylumbelliferone inhibited proliferation and motility/invasion and induced apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. Oral administration of 4MU both prevented and inhibited tumour growth, without dose-related toxicity. Effects of 4MU were mediated through the inhibition of CD44/RHAMM and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT axis, and of epithelial–mesenchymal transition determinants. These were attenuated by HA, suggesting that 4MU targets oncogenic HA signalling. In tumour specimens and the TCGA data set, HA family expression correlated positively with β-catenin, Twist and Snail expression, but negatively with E-cadherin expression. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the HA family can be exploited for developing a biomarker-driven, targeted treatment for bladder cancer, and 4MU, a non-toxic oral HA synthesis inhibitor, is one such candidate.
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The Development of a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Target Hyaluronan in the Extracellular Matrix of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030600. [PMID: 28282922 PMCID: PMC5372616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal diseases to affect humans, regardless of whether patients receive multimodal therapy (including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy). This resistance to intervention is currently considered to be caused by the desmoplastic change of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in PDAC tissues, which is characterized by the accumulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, collagen, proteoglycan, and hyaluronan. Among these ECM components, hyaluronan has attracted interest because various studies have indicated that hyaluronan-rich PDAC is correlated with the progressive properties of cancer cells, both in experimental and clinical settings. Hence, the reduction of hyaluronan in cancer tissue may represent a novel therapeutic approach for PDAC. 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) is a derivative of coumarin that was reported to suppress the synthesis of hyaluronan in cultured human skin fibroblasts in 1995. As an additional study, our group firstly reported that 4-MU reduced the hyaluronan synthesis of mouse melanoma cells and exerted anti-cancer activity. Subsequently, we have showed that 4-MU inhibited liver metastasis in mice inoculated with human pancreatic cancer cells. Thereafter, 4-MU has been accepted as an effective agent for hyaluronan research and is expected to have clinical applications. This review provides an overview of the interaction between PDAC and hyaluronan, the properties of 4-MU as a suppressor of the synthesis of hyaluronan, and the perspectives of PDAC treatment targeting hyaluronan.
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