1
|
Valencia-Nieto L, López-de la Rosa A, López-Miguel A, González-García MJ. Reliability of Tear Meniscus Height Measurements in Contact Lens Wearers and Its Relationship With Discomfort Symptoms. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:410-415. [PMID: 39024060 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the reliability and agreement of tear meniscus height (TMH) measurements performed with a corneal analyzer and optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology in contact lens (CL) wearers and its correlation with contact lens discomfort symptoms. METHODS Asymptomatic and symptomatic CL wearers classified through the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 were evaluated with the Corneal Analyzer (Topcon CA-800) and OCT technology (Topcon 3D OCT-2000). The repeatability and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. The agreement between devices was calculated using the Bland-Altman method. The relationship between TMH measurements and the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 and Contact Lens Discomfort Index scores was assessed through the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS Seventy-nine asymptomatic and 42 symptomatic CL wearers aged 34.24±12.50 years were enrolled. The repeatability values obtained for the CA-800 were 0.07 mm in all cases, and the ICC was 0.93 for the whole sample. The CA-800 provided significantly ( P <0.01) higher TMH values than the OCT for the whole sample (0.22±0.08 vs. 0.17±0.06 mm). A weak indirect correlation (ρ=-0.22) between the OCT TMH measurement and Contact Lens Discomfort Index scores was found ( P ≤0.04). CONCLUSION The CA-800 provides reliable TMH measurements during CL wear; however, they might not be interchangeable with OCT ones. Tear meniscus height measurements might be useful as a complementary sign to detect CL discomfort, but it cannot be used alone as a diagnostic tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valencia-Nieto
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA) (L.V.-N., A.L.-R., A.L.-M., M.J.G.-G.), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Física Teórica (L.V.-N., A.L.-R., M.J.G.-G.), Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía (A.L.-M.), Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; and Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering (M.J.G.-G.), Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Richards J, Rickert M, Carr K, Meyer D, Kollbaum P. The association between participant-reported ratings of comfort, dryness and vision quality in soft contact lens wearers. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:693-703. [PMID: 38404148 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous literature has indicated an association between participant-reported perceptions (e.g., ratings) of comfort, dryness and vision quality during soft contact lens wear. However, these reports do not account for participant- and lens-specific factors which may impact the interpretation of these results. The purpose of this project was to quantify the association between these participant-reported ratings while accounting for both participant- and lens-specific factors. METHODS Participant-reported ratings (scale 0-100) of comfort, dryness and quality of vision for 675 soft contact lens wearers (1207 eyes) were aggregated across 31 studies completed at Indiana University. Linear mixed-effects regression modelling was performed on each outcome rating individually. Covariate-adjusted models incorporated both participant- (e.g., age, sex) and lens-related (e.g., lens material, edge and optics) factors. The models were statistically adjusted for the duration of lens wear in hours and cumulative days of exposure. RESULTS Consistent with estimates from covariate-adjusted regression models, pairwise Spearman correlations [95% CI] between dryness and comfort (rs = 0.71, [0.69, 0.74]), vision quality and comfort (rs = 0.53, [0.49, 0.57]) and vision quality and dryness (rs = 0.49, [0.42, 0.54]) were all positive and had p < 0.001. Average participant-reported ratings of comfort, dryness and vision quality decreased by (bs [95% CI]) = -0.81 [-1.15, -0.46] -0.34 [-0.67, 0.0005] and -0.90 [-1.19, -0.60] rating units, respectively, for each hour of lens wear. CONCLUSIONS Significant positive associations were found between participant-reported measures of comfort, dryness and vision quality during soft contact lens wear. The associations between these ratings and the participant- and lens-related factors that drive them should be considered by clinicians and manufacturers when fitting and designing soft contact lenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Richards
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Martin Rickert
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenzie Carr
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Dawn Meyer
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Pete Kollbaum
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Valencia-Nieto L, López-de la Rosa A, López-Miguel A, González-García MJ. Clinical characterisation of contact lens discomfort progression. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102096. [PMID: 38097423 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the subjective and objective differences among the steps of the contact lens discomfort (CLD) progression classification established by the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society (TFOS) using questionnaires and clinical signs, and to propose a simplified classification. METHODS Contact lens (CL) wearers were evaluated in a single visit. The Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire (CLDEQ)-8, the Contact Lens Discomfort Index, and Visual Analog Scales for discomfort and dryness were administered. The non-invasive break-up time, the tear film lipid layer thickness, conjunctival hyperaemia and papillae, lid-parallel conjunctival folds, the fluorescein tear film break-up time, corneal and conjunctival staining, lid wiper epitheliopathy, and the Schirmer test were assessed. Sign and symptom scores were compared among TFOS CLD progression steps using analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Steps 1 and 2 (reduced comfort), and steps 3 and 4 (reduced wearing time) of the TFOS classification were combined to obtain a simplified classification, and the same comparison was performed. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS One hundred-fifty CL wearers (97 women and 53 men) aged 34.4 ± 12.6 years were included. In the TFOS classification, there were significant differences between step 0 (no CLD) and the rest of the severity steps for the scores obtained in all questionnaires (p ≤ 0.015). All steps were differentiated (p ≤ 0.032) based on the simplified classification for all questionnaires, except steps 1 and 2 for the CLDEQ-8 and dryness VAS (p = 0.089 and p = 0.051, respectively). There were no differences (all p ≥ 0.06) between the sign scores among the steps of either classification. CONCLUSION CLD management is encouraged from its first appearance. Simplifying the phases of CLD severity may allow a more accurate classification and a better awareness of the problem by clinicians and CL wearers by using more straightforward simple messages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valencia-Nieto
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alberto López-de la Rosa
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alberto López-Miguel
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - María J González-García
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valencia-Nieto L, López-de la Rosa A, González-García MJ, López-Miguel A. Reliability and agreement of subjective and objective non-invasive break-up time measurements in contact lens wearers. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:124-130. [PMID: 37974449 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the reliability and agreement of non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) in symptomatic and asymptomatic contact lens (CL) wearers using automatic objective and conventional subjective techniques. METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study, soft CL wearers, classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic based on the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8, underwent NIBUT assessment with the CL in situ. The CA-800 Corneal Analyzer and the EasyTear® VIEW+ Tearscope were used for objective and subjective evaluation, respectively. The within-subject repeatability and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. The agreement between the devices was compared using the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS A total of 141 CL wearers (51 male and 90 female) with a mean age of 33.6 (SD = 12.2) years were included. The repeatability and ICC values obtained with the CA-800 device when measuring NIBUT were 5.4 s and 58.6% across the whole sample, 4.2 s and 48.8% for the asymptomatic group and 7.1 s and 68.4% for the symptomatic group. When using the subjective method (EasyTear®), the respective repeatability and ICC values were 7.3 s and 32.7% for the whole sample, 6.5 s and 30.4% for the asymptomatic group and 8.6 s and 35.9% for the symptomatic group. The CA-800 device provided significantly (p < 0.001) shorter NIBUT values compared with EasyTear® for the whole sample (3.3 [2.9] vs. 8.1 [3.4] s), the asymptomatic (3.3 [3.0] vs. 7.7 [3.6] s) and the symptomatic (3.8 [2.9] vs. 8.6 [3.0] s) groups. CONCLUSION Objective (CA-800) NIBUT assessment provides more reliable measurements than the conventional subjective technique using the EasyTear® device. However, CL practitioners should also be aware that the objective method indicates shorter NIBUT values. Symptomatic CL wearers may also need a higher number of NIBUT measurements to obtain reliable estimations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valencia-Nieto
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alberto López-de la Rosa
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María J González-García
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alberto López-Miguel
- Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Call T, Pucker AD, McGwin G, Franklin QX, Logan A. Real-Time Ocular Comfort Reporting in Monthly Replacement Contact Lens Wearers. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2023; 15:97-103. [PMID: 37181863 PMCID: PMC10167961 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s403319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To map contact lens (CL) comfort over the full wear day and across 1 month's wear in established, asymptomatic to minimally symptomatic, reusable, soft CL wearers. Methods Adult, 18- to 45-year-old, participants were recruited and required to have 20/20 best-corrected visual acuity or better and must have been asymptomatic to minimally symptomatic CL wearers. Participants were required to be able to wear TOTAL30® sphere CLs and have minimal astigmatism. Participants were fit in the study CLs and asked to wear these CLs daily for the next month for 16 hours per day each day. Participants were asked to complete a visual analog scale (VAS) survey via text message at time of CL application and after 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 hours of wear and at CL removal on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and at 2 weeks and 1 month. The utilized VAS had a ±50 scale with positive scores being comfortable, negative scores being uncomfortable, and scores of 0 being neutral comfort. Results Forty-eight participants were recruited who had a mean ± SD age of 26.2 ± 5.2 years (71% female). Mean initial VAS CL comfort scores at initial CL dispense were 45.56 ± 9.20 units. Mean CL wear times for any of the days evaluated were at least 14.80 ± 2.41 hours per day and did not differ across the study (p = 0.77). Mean comfort VAS scores significantly decreased over the wear day (all days p ≤ 0.02), yet there were no significant differences in VAS comfort scores across the same time of day for the duration of the study (all times p ≥ 0.06). Conclusion This study determined that while CL wearers were slightly less comfortable at the end of the day compared to application, this comfort change was minimal given that the average participants had overwhelmingly good comfort at all time-points evaluated. Comfort scores were likewise consistent across 1 month of wear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terri Call
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Andrew D Pucker
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gerald McGwin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Quentin X Franklin
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amy Logan
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fogt JS, Patton K. Evaluation of Wear Experience with Soft Daily Disposable Lenses for Astigmatism over 16 Hours of Wear. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2022; 14:207-214. [PMID: 36329952 PMCID: PMC9624167 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s387740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the wear experience of participants while wearing a toric daily disposable contact lens with water surface technology over long days of lens wear. METHODS Existing soft toric contact lens wearers were fit with the daily disposable study lenses. Participants assessed their initial comfort, vision, and satisfaction with the lenses by visual analog scale (VAS) survey. After a successful 1-week follow-up visit, participants were scheduled for 5 survey days, in which surveys were deployed to their smartphones for immediate assessments of comfort and quality of vision on a 1-10 scale at 10, 12, 14, and 16 hours of lens wear on 5 subsequent weeknights. The final study visit assessed visual acuity, and overall lens wear experience surveys were completed with VAS surveys. The overall median and interquartile (IQR) range of all surveys were calculated. RESULTS Thirty bilateral toric lens wearers completed the study. Median (IQR) initial impression VAS scores were 97(12) for quality of vision, 100(9) for comfort, and 96(10) for satisfaction. Median evening surveys resulted in comfort scores of 10(1) at 10 hours, 9(2) at 12 hours, 9(2) at 14 hours, and 8(2) at 16 hours of wear. Median evening surveys resulted in quality of vision scores of 10(1) at 10 hours, 10(2) at 12 hours, 9(2) at 14 hours, and 9(3) at 16 hours of wear. VAS scores for overall experience were 97(9) for comfort, 95(13) for vision, and 8(31) for dryness. End-of-day VAS scores were 93(21) for comfort, 90(15) for vision, and 21(38) for dryness. Mean (±standard deviation) OU LogMAR visual acuity with the study lenses was -0.19(0.06). CONCLUSION Surveys of wear experience resulted in high scores for comfort and vision over the course of a long day of wear with the daily disposable study lenses in this population of patients with astigmatism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly Patton
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deiner MS, Kaur G, McLeod SD, Schallhorn JM, Chodosh J, Hwang DH, Lietman TM, Porco TC. A Google Trends Approach to Identify Distinct Diurnal and Day-of-Week Web-Based Search Patterns Related to Conjunctivitis and Other Common Eye Conditions: Infodemiology Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e27310. [PMID: 35537041 PMCID: PMC9297131 DOI: 10.2196/27310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest diurnal patterns of occurrence of some eye conditions. Leveraging new information sources such as web-based search data to learn more about such patterns could improve the understanding of patients' eye-related conditions and well-being, better inform timing of clinical and remote eye care, and improve precision when targeting web-based public health campaigns toward underserved populations. OBJECTIVE To investigate our hypothesis that the public is likely to consistently search about different ophthalmologic conditions at different hours of the day or days of week, we conducted an observational study using search data for terms related to ophthalmologic conditions such as conjunctivitis. We assessed whether search volumes reflected diurnal or day-of-week patterns and if those patterns were distinct from each other. METHODS We designed a study to analyze and compare hourly search data for eye-related and control search terms, using time series regression models with trend and periodicity terms to remove outliers and then estimate diurnal effects. We planned a Google Trends setting, extracting data from 10 US states for the entire year of 2018. The exposure was internet search, and the participants were populations who searched through Google's search engine using our chosen study terms. Our main outcome measures included cyclical hourly and day-of-week web-based search patterns. For statistical analyses, we considered P<.001 to be statistically significant. RESULTS Distinct diurnal (P<.001 for all search terms) and day-of-week search patterns for eye-related terms were observed but with differing peak time periods and cyclic strengths. Some diurnal patterns represented those reported from prior clinical studies. Of the eye-related terms, "pink eye" showed the largest diurnal amplitude-to-mean ratios. Stronger signal was restricted to and peaked in mornings, and amplitude was higher on weekdays. By contrast, "dry eyes" had a higher amplitude diurnal pattern on weekends, with stronger signal occurring over a broader evening-to-morning period and peaking in early morning. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of web-based searches for various eye conditions can show cyclic patterns according to time of the day or week. Further studies to understand the reasons for these variations may help supplement the current clinical understanding of ophthalmologic symptom presentation and improve the timeliness of patient messaging and care interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Deiner
- Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gurbani Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stephen D McLeod
- Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Julie M Schallhorn
- Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel H Hwang
- Stanford University, San Mateo, CA, United States
- The Nueva School, San Mateo, CA, United States
| | - Thomas M Lietman
- Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Travis C Porco
- Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Efron N, Morgan PB. Rethinking contact lens aftercare. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 100:411-431. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science,Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Philip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research,The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
CLEAR - Contact lens complications. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:330-367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
10
|
Guillon M, Patel T, Patel K, Gupta R, Maissa CA. Quantification of contact lens wettability after prolonged visual device use under low humidity conditions. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2019; 42:386-391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
11
|
Guillon M, Shah S. Rationale for 24-hour management of dry eye disease: A review. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2019; 42:147-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
12
|
Guillon M, Maissa C, Wong S, Patel T, Garofalo R. The influence of lens care systems on eyelid tissue changes during silicone hydrogel contact lens wear. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2018; 41:362-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2018.02.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
13
|
Bitton E, Crncich V, Brunet N. Does the temperature of an artificial tear affect its comfort? Clin Exp Optom 2018; 101:641-647. [PMID: 29457271 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refrigerated eye-drops have been advocated in cases of ocular allergies to provide a soothing effect upon instillation. This notion continues to be promoted by practitioners for artificial tears (AT) in the management of dry eye (DE) with little support in the literature. To further substantiate claims of a soothing effect of cold eye-drops, the aim of this study was to determine if refrigeration of an AT enhanced the subjective comfort upon instillation. METHODS Participants with mild to moderate DE participated in an open label contralateral study of two weeks duration. Each participant instilled Systane Ultra (Alcon Laboratories) in the morning (between 6.00-10.00 hours) and in the evening (between 18.00-22.00 hours). Participants were asked to report the subjective comfort immediately after both of these instillations, on a scale from 1 (poor) to 10 (excellent). This was done for ambient (aAT) and refrigerated (rAT) drops. An in vitro study evaluated if there were any changes in eye-drop pH and osmolarity with refrigeration. RESULTS Participants (n = 18, three male, 15 female, age 22-28 years, average 24.4 ± 1.6) reported mean comfort scores (± standard deviation) of 7.8 ± 0.9 and 7.6 ± 1.4, for the aAT and the rAT, respectively. Mean comfort scores (± standard deviation) for morning and evening, were 7.7 ± 1.2 and 7.8 ± 1.1, respectively. A non-parametric Friedman test of differences among repeated measures was conducted and rendered a chi-squared value of 3.74, which was not statistically significant (p = 0.29). The pH remained stable at 8.0 and the osmolality did not vary significantly with refrigeration. CONCLUSION There is no advantage, with respect to patient perceived comfort, in refrigerating the Systane Ultra (Alcon Laboratories) AT for mild to moderate DE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etty Bitton
- Ecole d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vidal-Rohr M, Wolffsohn JS, Davies LN, Cerviño A. Effect of contact lens surface properties on comfort, tear stability and ocular physiology. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2018; 41:117-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
15
|
|