1
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Yuan S, Xu C, Cui B, Zhang T, Liang B, Yuan W, Ren H. Motor-free telerobotic endomicroscopy for steerable and programmable imaging in complex curved and localized areas. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7680. [PMID: 39227604 PMCID: PMC11372151 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intraluminal epithelial abnormalities, potential precursors to significant conditions like cancer, necessitate early detection for improved prognosis. We present a motor-free telerobotic optical coherence tomography (OCT) endoscope that offers high-resolution intraluminal imaging and overcomes the limitations of traditional systems in navigating curved lumens. This system incorporates a compact magnetic rotor with a rotatable diametrically magnetized cylinder permanent magnet (RDPM) and a reflector, effectively mitigating thermal and electrical risks by utilizing an external magnetic field to maintain temperature increases below 0.5 °C and generated voltage under 0.02 mV. Additionally, a learning-based method corrects imaging distortions resulting from nonuniform rotational speeds. Demonstrating superior maneuverability, the device achieves steerable angles up to 110° and operates effectively in vivo, providing distortion-free 3D programmable imaging in mouse colons. This advancement represents a significant step towards guidewire-independent endomicroscopy, enhancing both safety and potential patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sishen Yuan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beilei Cui
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tinghua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baijia Liang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wu Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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2
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Ozgencil F, Gunindi HB, Eren G. Dual-targeted NAMPT inhibitors as a progressive strategy for cancer therapy. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107509. [PMID: 38824699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
In mammals, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a crucial enzyme in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthesis pathway catalyzing the condensation of nicotinamide (NAM) with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to produce nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Given the pivotal role of NAD+ in a range of cellular functions, including DNA synthesis, redox reactions, cytokine generation, metabolism, and aging, NAMPT has become a promising target for many diseases, notably cancer. Therefore, various NAMPT inhibitors have been reported and classified as first and second-generation based on their chemical structures and design strategies, dual-targeted being one. However, most NAMPT inhibitors suffer from several limitations, such as dose-dependent toxicity and poor pharmacokinetic properties. Consequently, there is no clinically approved NAMPT inhibitor. Hence, research on discovering more effective and less toxic dual-targeted NAMPT inhibitors with desirable pharmacokinetic properties has drawn attention recently. This review summarizes the previously reported dual-targeted NAMPT inhibitors, focusing on their design strategies and advantages over the single-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikriye Ozgencil
- SIRTeam Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Habibe Beyza Gunindi
- SIRTeam Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gokcen Eren
- SIRTeam Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye.
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3
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McMorrow R, de Bruijn HS, Que I, Stuurman DC, de Ridder CMA, Doukas M, Robinson DJ, Mezzanotte L, Lowik CWGM. Rapid Assessment of Bio-distribution and Antitumor Activity of the Photosensitizer Bremachlorin in a Murine PDAC Model: Detection of PDT-induced Tumor Necrosis by IRDye® 800CW Carboxylate, Using Whole-Body Fluorescent Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:616-627. [PMID: 38890241 PMCID: PMC11281978 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based anticancer therapy that can induce tumor necrosis and/or apoptosis. Two important factors contributing to the efficacy of PDT are the concentration of the photosensitizer in the tumor tissue and its preferential accumulation in the tumor tissue compared to that in normal tissues. In this study, we investigated the use of optical imaging for monitoring whole-body bio-distribution of the fluorescent (660 nm) photosensitizer Bremachlorin in vivo, in a murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) model. Moreover, we non-invasively, examined the induction of tumor necrosis after PDT treatment using near-infrared fluorescent imaging of the necrosis avid cyanine dye IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate. Using whole-body fluorescence imaging, we observed that Bremachlorin preferentially accumulated in pancreatic tumors. Furthermore, in a longitudinal study we showed that 3 hours after Bremachlorin administration, the fluorescent tumor signal reached its maximum. In addition, the tumor-to-background ratio at all-time points was approximately 1.4. Ex vivo, at 6 hours after Bremachlorin administration, the tumor-to-muscle or -normal pancreas ratio exhibited a greater difference than it did at 24 hours, suggesting that, in terms of efficacy, 6 hours after Bremachlorin administration was an effective time point for PDT treatment of PDAC. In vivo administration of the near infrared fluorescence agent IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate showed that PDT, 6 hours after administration of Bremachlorin, selectively induced necrosis in the tumor tissues, which was subsequently confirmed histologically. In conclusion, by using in vivo fluorescence imaging, we could non-invasively and longitudinally monitor, the whole-body distribution of Bremachlorin. Furthermore, we successfully used IRDye®-800CW Carboxylate, a near-infrared fluorescent necrosis avid agent, to image PDT-induced necrotic cell death as a measure of therapeutic efficacy. This study showed how fluorescence can be applied for optimizing, and assessing the efficacy of, PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin McMorrow
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette S de Bruijn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Que
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debra C Stuurman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina M A de Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michail Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic J Robinson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Clemens W G M Lowik
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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4
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Chitgupi U, Qin Y, Ghosh S, Quinn B, Carter K, He X, Sunar U, Lovell JF. Folate-Targeted Nanoliposomal Chemophototherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2385. [PMID: 37896144 PMCID: PMC10609802 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-responsive liposomes have been developed for the on-demand release of drugs. However, efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor for cancer theranostics remains a challenge. Herein, folic acid (FA), an established ligand for targeted drug delivery, was used to decorate light-sensitive porphyrin-phospholipid (PoP) liposomes, which were assessed for FA-targeted chemophototherapy (CPT). PoP liposomes and FA-conjugated PoP liposomes were loaded with Doxorubicin (Dox), and physical properties were characterized. In vitro, FA-PoP liposomes that were incubated with FA receptor-overexpressing human KB cancer cells showed increased uptake compared to non-targeted PoP liposomes. Dox and PoP contributed towards chemophototherapy (CPT) in vitro, and PoP and FA-PoP liposomes induced cell killing. In vivo, mice bearing subcutaneous KB tumors treated with PoP or FA-PoP liposomes loaded with Dox, followed by 665 nm laser treatment, had delayed tumor growth and improved survival. Dox delivery to tumors increased following laser irradiation for both PoP and FA-PoP liposomes. Thus, while Dox-FA-PoP liposomes were effective following systemic administration and local light irradiation in this tumor model, the FA targeting moiety did not appear essential for anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Chitgupi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Yiru Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Sanjana Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Breandan Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Kevin Carter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Xuedan He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Ulas Sunar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Jonathan F. Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (U.C.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (B.Q.); (K.C.); (X.H.)
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5
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van Geest EP, Götzfried SK, Klein DM, Salitra N, Popal S, Husiev Y, Van der Griend CJ, Zhou X, Siegler MA, Schneider GF, Bonnet S. A
Lock‐and‐Kill
Anticancer Photoactivated Chemotherapy Agent
†. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 99:777-786. [PMID: 36315051 DOI: 10.1111/php.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Photosubstitutionally active ruthenium complexes show high potential as prodrugs for the photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) treatment of tumors. One of the problems in PACT is that the localization of the ruthenium compound is hard to trace. Here, a ruthenium PACT prodrug, [Ru(3)(biq)(STF-31)](PF6 )2 (where 3 = 3-(([2,2':6',2″-ter- pyridin]-4'-yloxy)propyl-4-(pyren-1-yl)butanoate) and biq = 2,2'-biquinoline), has been prepared, in which a pyrene tracker is attached via an ester bond. The proximity between the fluorophore and the ruthenium center leads to fluorescence quenching. Upon intracellular hydrolysis of the ester linkage, however, the fluorescence of the pyrene moiety is recovered, thus demonstrating prodrug cellular uptake. Further light irradiation of this molecule liberates by photosubstitution STF-31, a known cytotoxic nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, as well as singlet oxygen via excitation of the free pyrene chromophore. The dark and light cytotoxicity of the prodrug, embedded in liposomes, as well as the appearance of blue emission upon uptake, were evaluated in A375 human skin melanoma cells. The cytotoxicity of the liposome-embedded prodrug was indeed increased by light irradiation. This work realizes an in vitro proof-of-concept of the lock-and-kill principle, which may ultimately be used to design strategies aimed at knowing where and when light irradiation should be realized in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David M. Klein
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nadiya Salitra
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sorraya Popal
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Yurii Husiev
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | | | - Xuequan Zhou
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
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6
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Early S, Saad MA, Mallidi S, Mansour A, Seist R, Hasan T, Stankovic KM. A fluorescent photoimmunoconjugate for imaging of cholesteatoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19905. [PMID: 36402793 PMCID: PMC9675863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a potentially serious complication of chronic ear infections and requires surgical intervention for definitive management. Long-term complications include a frequent need for repeat surgical intervention for disease recurrence, and techniques to improve efficacy of single-stage surgery are an important area of continued research. This study investigates a novel application of the photosensitizer immune conjugate (PIC) cetuximab-benzoporphyrin derivative (Cet-BPD) for in vitro localization of human cholesteatoma tissue, coupled with an in vivo safety study for middle ear application of Cet-BPD in a murine model. In fresh human cholesteatoma tissues, Cet-BPD demonstrates selective localization to the hyperplastic squamous cell tissue associated with cholesteatoma, without localizing to other tissues such as middle ear mucosa. Applied to the murine middle ear, Cet-BPD does not demonstrate any deleterious effect on murine hearing when assessed by any of auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds, distortion product otoacoustic emission thresholds, or ABR wave I amplitudes. These findings demonstrate the technical promise and encouraging safety profile for the use of PICs for intraoperative localization and treatment of cholesteatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Early
- grid.39479.300000 0000 8800 3003Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery and Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.413086.80000 0004 0435 1668Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M. Ahsan Saad
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
| | - Amer Mansour
- grid.39479.300000 0000 8800 3003Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery and Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA USA
| | - Richard Seist
- grid.39479.300000 0000 8800 3003Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery and Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Konstantina M. Stankovic
- grid.39479.300000 0000 8800 3003Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery and Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
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7
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Kailass K, Sadovski O, Zipfel WR, Beharry AA. Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy Targeting Cancers with Low Carboxylesterase 2 Activity Guided by Ratiometric Fluorescence. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8855-8868. [PMID: 35700557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCES2) converts anticancer prodrugs, such as irinotecan, into their active metabolites via phase I drug metabolism. Owing to interindividual variability, hCES2 serves as a predictive marker of patient response to hCES2-activated prodrug-based therapy, whereby a low intratumoral hCES2 activity leads to therapeutic resistance. Despite the ability to identify nonresponders, effective treatments for resistant patients are needed. Clinically approved photodynamic therapy is an attractive alternative for irinotecan-resistant patients. Here, we describe the application of our hCES2-selective small-molecule ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor, Benz-AP, as a single theranostic agent given its discovered functionality as a photosensitizer. Benz-AP produces singlet oxygen and induces photocytotoxicity in cancer cells in a strong negative correlation with hCES2 activity. Two-photon excitation of Benz-AP produces fluorescence, singlet oxygen, and photocytotoxicity in tumor spheroids. Overall, Benz-AP serves as a novel theranostic agent with selective photocytotoxicity in hCES2-prodrug resistant cancer cells, making Benz-AP a promising agent for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Kailass
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Oleg Sadovski
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Warren R Zipfel
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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8
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Zhikhoreva AA, Belashov AV, Ignatov ES, Gelfond ML, Semenova IV, Vasyutinskii OS. Singlet oxygen generation in aerosol jet and on biological surfaces. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 228:112395. [PMID: 35123161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents steady-state and time-resolved experiments on photophysical processes associated with photodynamic inactivation of infections provided by nebulization of Radachlorin photosensitizer solution. As models of surfaces subjected to photodynamic inactivation we used glass, plant leaf, mushroom cap peel and superficial fascia of chicken and salmon skin flaps. The oxygen content in the photosensitizer solution was varied by blowing with atmospheric air and with pure oxygen. It was shown that singlet oxygen was generated efficiently in the aerosol jet and that its amount increased noticeably at higher oxygen concentrations. The kinetics of photosensitizer photobleaching on different surfaces were found to be significantly different with characteristic decay times varying from seconds for leaf and glass to minutes for fascial flaps. This observation was attributed to much faster oxygen depletion on rough crumbly surfaces of biological samples due to effective oxidation reactions occurred. The singlet oxygen generation and degradation times, and the relative quantum yield were determined on different surfaces by recording time-resolved phosphorescence at about 1270 nm under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions and analyzed on the basis of the set of master equations. The results obtained provide reference marks for choosing optimal irradiation durations for photodynamic inactivation of pathogenic infectious agents (bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, viruses) on mucous membranes, including the tracheobronchial tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Zhikhoreva
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Belashov
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E S Ignatov
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M L Gelfond
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Semenova
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - O S Vasyutinskii
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Xavierselvan M, Cook J, Duong J, Diaz N, Homan K, Mallidi S. Photoacoustic nanodroplets for oxygen enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2022; 25:100306. [PMID: 34917471 PMCID: PMC8666552 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known cancer therapy that utilizes light to excite a photosensitizer and generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The efficacy of PDT primarily depends on the photosensitizer and oxygen concentration in the tumor. Hypoxia in solid tumors promotes treatment resistance, resulting in poor PDT outcomes. Hence, there is a need to combat hypoxia while delivering sufficient photosensitizer to the tumor for ROS generation. Here we showcase our unique theranostic perfluorocarbon nanodroplets as a triple agent carrier for oxygen, photosensitizer, and indocyanine green that enables light triggered spatiotemporal delivery of oxygen to the tumors. We evaluated the characteristics of the nanodroplets and validated their ability to deliver oxygen via photoacoustic monitoring of blood oxygen saturation and subsequent PDT efficacy in a murine subcutaneous tumor model. The imaging results were validated with an oxygen sensing probe, which showed a 9.1 fold increase in oxygen content inside the tumor, following systemic administration of the nanodroplets. These results were also confirmed with immunofluorescence. In vivo studies showed that nanodroplets held higher rates of treatment efficacy than a clinically available benzoporphyrin derivative formulation. Histological analysis showed higher necrotic area within the tumor with perfluoropentane nanodroplets. Overall, the photoacoustic nanodroplets can significantly enhance image-guided PDT and has demonstrated substantial potential as a valid theranostic option for patient-specific photodynamic therapy-based treatments.
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Key Words
- 1O2, singlet oxygen
- BPD, benzoporphyrin derivative
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DSPE-mPEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000]
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HbT, total hemoglobin
- Hypoxia
- ICG, indocyanine green
- IF, immunofluorescence
- Image guided PDT
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- NIR, near infrared radiation
- PA, photoacoustic
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PFC, perfluorocarbon
- PFP, perfluoropentane
- PS, photosensitizer
- Perfluorocarbon nanodroplets
- Photoacoustic imaging
- Photodynamic therapy
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOSG, singlet oxygen sensor green
- StO2, oxygen saturation
- TBAI, tertbutylammonium iodide
- pO2, partial pressure of oxygen
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Xavierselvan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | | | - Jeanne Duong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Nashielli Diaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | | | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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10
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Turchin I, Bano S, Kirillin M, Orlova A, Perekatova V, Plekhanov V, Sergeeva E, Kurakina D, Khilov A, Kurnikov A, Subochev P, Shirmanova M, Komarova A, Yuzhakova D, Gavrina A, Mallidi S, Hasan T. Combined Fluorescence and Optoacoustic Imaging for Monitoring Treatments against CT26 Tumors with Photoactivatable Liposomes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:197. [PMID: 35008362 PMCID: PMC8750546 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly developed multimodal imaging system combining raster-scan optoacoustic (OA) microscopy and fluorescence (FL) wide-field imaging was used for characterizing the tumor vascular structure with 38/50 μm axial/transverse resolution and assessment of photosensitizer fluorescence kinetics during treatment with novel theranostic agents. A multifunctional photoactivatable multi-inhibitor liposomal (PMILs) nano platform was engineered here, containing a clinically approved photosensitizer, Benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) in the bilayer, and topoisomerase I inhibitor, Irinotecan (IRI) in its inner core, for a synergetic therapeutic impact. The optimized PMIL was anionic, with the hydrodynamic diameter of 131.6 ± 2.1 nm and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.05 ± 0.01, and the zeta potential between -14.9 ± 1.04 to -16.9 ± 0.92 mV. In the in vivo studies on BALB/c mice with CT26 tumors were performed to evaluate PMILs' therapeutic efficacy. PMILs demonstrated the best inhibitory effect of 97% on tumor growth compared to the treatment with BPD-PC containing liposomes (PALs), 81%, or IRI containing liposomes (L-[IRI]) alone, 50%. This confirms the release of IRI within the tumor cells upon PMILs triggering by NIR light, which is additionally illustrated by FL monitoring demonstrating enhancement of drug accumulation in tumor initiated by PDT in 24 h after the treatment. OA monitoring revealed the largest alterations of the tumor vascular structure in the PMILs treated mice as compared to BPD-PC or IRI treated mice. The results were further corroborated with histological data that also showed a 5-fold higher percentage of hemorrhages in PMIL treated mice compared to the control groups. Overall, these results suggest that multifunctional PMILs simultaneously delivering PDT and chemotherapy agents along with OA and FL multi-modal imaging offers an efficient and personalized image-guided platform to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Turchin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Shazia Bano
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.B.); (S.M.); (T.H.)
| | - Mikhail Kirillin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Valeriya Perekatova
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Vladimir Plekhanov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Sergeeva
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Daria Kurakina
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Aleksandr Khilov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Alexey Kurnikov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Pavel Subochev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.K.); (A.O.); (V.P.); (V.P.); (E.S.); (D.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Marina Shirmanova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (A.K.); (D.Y.); (A.G.)
| | - Anastasiya Komarova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (A.K.); (D.Y.); (A.G.)
| | - Diana Yuzhakova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (A.K.); (D.Y.); (A.G.)
| | - Alena Gavrina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (A.K.); (D.Y.); (A.G.)
| | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.B.); (S.M.); (T.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.B.); (S.M.); (T.H.)
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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11
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Yuzhakova DV, Shirmanova MV, Klimenko VV, Lukina MM, Gavrina AI, Komarova AD, Gorbachev DA, Sapogova NV, Lukyanov KA, Kamensky VA. PDT with genetically encoded photosensitizer miniSOG on a tumor spheroid model: A comparative study of continuous-wave and pulsed irradiation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129978. [PMID: 34487824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic effects of PDT depend on many factors, including the amount of singlet oxygen, localization of photosensitizer and irradiation protocol. The present study was aimed to compare the cytotoxic mechanisms of PDT under continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed irradiation using a tumor spheroid model and a genetically encoded photosensitizer miniSOG. METHODS 1O2 detection in miniSOG and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) solutions was performed. Photobleaching of miniSOG in solution and in HeLa tumor spheroids was analyzed. Tumor spheroid morphology and growth and the cell death mechanisms after PDT in CW and pulsed modes were assessed. RESULTS We found a more rapid 1O2 generation and a higher photobleaching rate in miniSOG solution upon irradiation in pulsed mode compared to CW mode. Photobleaching of miniSOG in tumor spheroids was also higher after irradiation in the pulsed mode. PDT of spheroids in CW mode resulted in a moderate expansion of the necrotic core of tumor spheroids and a slight inhibition of spheroid growth. The pulsed mode was more effective in induction of cell death, including apoptosis, and suppression of spheroid growth. CONCLUSIONS Comparison of CW and pulsed irradiation modes in PDT with miniSOG showed more pronounced cytotoxic effects of the pulsed mode. Our results suggest that the pulsed irradiation regimen enables enhanced 1O2 production by photosensitizer and stimulates apoptosis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results provide more insights into the cellular mechanisms of anti-cancer PDT and open the way to improvement of light irradiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Yuzhakova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Marina V Shirmanova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Klimenko
- Saint-Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological), 68A Leningradskaya St., Pesochny Settlement, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria M Lukina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alena I Gavrina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anastasya D Komarova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gorbachev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya V Sapogova
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Lukyanov
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 30/1 Bolshoy Boulevard, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav A Kamensky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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12
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Rong Y, Hong G, Zhu N, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Liu T. Photodynamic Therapy of Novel Photosensitizer Ameliorates TNBS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibition of AOC 1. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746725. [PMID: 34744725 PMCID: PMC8566348 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by continuous and diffuse inflammatory changes in the colonic mucosa, requires novel treatment method. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a promising physico-chemical treatment method, were used to treat UC rats’ model with novel photosensitizer LD4 in this paper, the treatment effect and mechanism was investigated. LD4-PDT could improve the survival rate of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced UC model rats, decrease expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increase the expression of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide oxidase (SOD), while protecting the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. LD4-PDT treatment could rebuild the intestinal microflora composition and reprogram the colonic protein profiles in TNBS-induced rats to almost the normal state. Proteomics analysis based upon TNBS-induced UC model rats revealed that Amine oxidase copper-containing 1 (AOC1) was a potential target of LD4-PDT. Novel photosensitizer agent LD4-PDT represents an efficient treatment method for UC, and AOC1 may be a promising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Rong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Hong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianjun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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13
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Algorri JF, Ochoa M, Roldán-Varona P, Rodríguez-Cobo L, López-Higuera JM. Photodynamic Therapy: A Compendium of Latest Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4447. [PMID: 34503255 PMCID: PMC8430498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapy against cancer. Even though it has been investigated for more than 100 years, scientific publications have grown exponentially in the last two decades. For this reason, we present a brief compendium of reviews of the last two decades classified under different topics, namely, overviews, reviews about specific cancers, and meta-analyses of photosensitisers, PDT mechanisms, dosimetry, and light sources. The key issues and main conclusions are summarized, including ways and means to improve therapy and outcomes. Due to the broad scope of this work and it being the first time that a compendium of the latest reviews has been performed for PDT, it may be of interest to a wide audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Algorri
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Mario Ochoa
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pablo Roldán-Varona
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel López-Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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14
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Sarbadhikary P, George BP, Abrahamse H. Recent Advances in Photosensitizers as Multifunctional Theranostic Agents for Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:9054-9088. [PMID: 34522227 PMCID: PMC8419035 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years tremendous effort has been invested in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment with an overall goal of improving cancer management, therapeutic outcome, patient survival, and quality of life. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), which works on the principle of light-induced activation of photosensitizers (PS) leading to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) mediated cancer cell killing has received increased attention as a promising alternative to overcome several limitations of conventional cancer therapies. Compared to conventional therapies, PDT offers the advantages of selectivity, minimal invasiveness, localized treatment, and spatio-temporal control which minimizes the overall therapeutic side effects and can be repeated as needed without interfering with other treatments and inducing treatment resistance. Overall PDT efficacy requires proper planning of various parameters like localization and concentration of PS at the tumor site, light dose, oxygen concentration and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment, which can be achieved with advanced imaging techniques. Consequently, there has been tremendous interest in the rationale design of PS formulations to exploit their theranostic potential to unleash the imperative contribution of medical imaging in the context of successful PDT outcomes. Further, recent advances in PS formulations as activatable phototheranostic agents have shown promising potential for finely controlled imaging-guided PDT due to their propensity to specifically turning on diagnostic signals simultaneously with photodynamic effects in response to the tumor-specific stimuli. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the development of PS-based multifunctional theranostic agents for biomedical applications in multimodal imaging combined with PDT. We also present the role of different imaging modalities; magnetic resonance, optical, nuclear, acoustic, and photoacoustic in improving the pre-and post-PDT effects. We anticipate that the information presented in this review will encourage future development and design of PSs for improved image-guided PDT for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blassan P. George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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15
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Sytar O, Kotta K, Valasiadis D, Kosyan A, Brestic M, Koidou V, Papadopoulou E, Kroustalaki M, Emmanouilidou C, Pashalidis A, Avdikos I, Hilioti Z. The Effects of Photosensitizing Dyes Fagopyrin and Hypericin on Planktonic Growth and Multicellular Life in Budding Yeast. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164708. [PMID: 34443298 PMCID: PMC8398373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthodianthrones such as fagopyrin and hypericin found mainly in buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) and St. John’s wort (SJW) (Hypericum perforatum L.) are natural photosensitizers inside the cell. The effect of photosensitizers was studied under dark conditions on growth, morphogenesis and induction of death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fagopyrin and hypericin induced a biphasic and triphasic dose response in cellular growth, respectively, over a 10-fold concentration change. In fagopyrin-treated cells, disruptions in the normal cell cycle progression were evident by microscopy. DAPI staining revealed several cells that underwent premature mitosis without budding, a striking morphological abnormality. Flow Cytometric (FC) analysis using a concentration of 100 µM showed reduced cell viability by 41% in fagopyrin-treated cells and by 15% in hypericin-treated cells. FC revealed the development of a secondary population of G1 cells in photosensitizer-treated cultures characterized by small size and dense structures. Further, we show that fagopyrin and the closely related hypericin altered the shape and the associated fluorescence of biofilm-like structures. Colonies grown on solid medium containing photosensitizer had restricted growth, while cell-to-cell adherence within the colony was also affected. In conclusion, the photosensitizers under dark conditions affected culture growth, caused toxicity, and disrupted multicellular growth, albeit with different efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Sytar
- Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Department of Plant Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrskya str., 64, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (O.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Konstantia Kotta
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Valasiadis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Anatoliy Kosyan
- Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Department of Plant Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrskya str., 64, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (O.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Venetia Koidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Eleftheria Papadopoulou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Maria Kroustalaki
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Christina Emmanouilidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Alexandros Pashalidis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Ilias Avdikos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Zoe Hilioti
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-23-1049-8273
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16
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Nannuri SH, Nikam AN, Pandey A, Mutalik S, George SD. Subcellular imaging and diagnosis of cancer using engineered nanoparticles. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:690-710. [PMID: 34036909 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210525154131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The advances in the synthesis of nanoparticles with engineered properties are reported to have profound applications in oncological disease detection via optical and multimodal imaging and therapy. Among various nanoparticle-assisted imaging techniques, engineered fluorescent nanoparticles show great promise from high contrast images and localized therapeutic applications. Of all the fluorescent nanoparticles available, the gold nanoparticles, carbon dots, and upconversion nanoparticles are emerging recently as the most promising candidates for diagnosis, treatment, and cancer monitoring. This review addresses the recent progress in engineering the properties of these emerging nanoparticles and their application for cancer diagnosis and therapy. In addition, the potential of these particles for subcellular imaging is also reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand H Nannuri
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajinkya N Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Sajan D George
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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17
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Kirillin M, Kurakina D, Khilov A, Orlova A, Shakhova M, Orlinskaya N, Sergeeva E. Red and blue light in antitumor photodynamic therapy with chlorin-based photosensitizers: a comparative animal study assisted by optical imaging modalities. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:872-892. [PMID: 33680547 PMCID: PMC7901330 DOI: 10.1364/boe.411518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the PDT protocols for CT26 tumor model treatment in Balb/c mice employing red and blue light with both topical and intravenous administration of chlorin-based photosensitizers (PSs). The considered protocols include the doses of 250 J/cm2 delivered at 660 nm, 200 J/cm2 delivered at 405 nm, and 250 J/cm2 delivered at both wavelengths with equal energy density contribution. Dual-wavelength fluorescence imaging was employed to estimate both photobleaching efficiency, typical photobleaching rates and the procedure impact depth, while optical coherence tomography with angiography modality (OCT-A) was employed to monitor the tumor vasculature response for up to 7 days after the procedure with subsequent histology inspection. Red light or dual-wavelength PDT regimes with intravenous PS injection were demonstrated to provide the most pronounced tumor response among all the considered cases. On the contrary, blue light regimes were demonstrated to be most efficient among topical application and irradiation only regimes. Tumor size dynamics for different groups is in good agreement with the tumor response predictions based on OCT-A taken in 24h after exposure and the results of histology analysis performed in 7 days after the exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Kirillin
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Daria Kurakina
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Khilov
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Anna Orlova
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Maria Shakhova
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Natalia Orlinskaya
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sergeeva
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, 46 Ulyanov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
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18
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De Silva P, Saad MA, Thomsen HC, Bano S, Ashraf S, Hasan T. Photodynamic therapy, priming and optical imaging: Potential co-conspirators in treatment design and optimization - a Thomas Dougherty Award for Excellence in PDT paper. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020; 24:1320-1360. [PMID: 37425217 PMCID: PMC10327884 DOI: 10.1142/s1088424620300098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a photochemistry-based approach, approved for the treatment of several malignant and non-malignant pathologies. It relies on the use of a non-toxic, light activatable chemical, photosensitizer, which preferentially accumulates in tissues/cells and, upon irradiation with the appropriate wavelength of light, confers cytotoxicity by generation of reactive molecular species. The preferential accumulation however is not universal and, depending on the anatomical site, the ratio of tumor to normal tissue may be reversed in favor of normal tissue. Under such circumstances, control of the volume of light illumination provides a second handle of selectivity. Singlet oxygen is the putative favorite reactive molecular species although other entities such as nitric oxide have been credibly implicated. Typically, most photosensitizers in current clinical use have a finite quantum yield of fluorescence which is exploited for surgery guidance and can also be incorporated for monitoring and treatment design. In addition, the photodynamic process alters the cellular, stromal, and/or vascular microenvironment transiently in a process termed photodynamic priming, making it more receptive to subsequent additional therapies including chemo- and immunotherapy. Thus, photodynamic priming may be considered as an enabling technology for the more commonly used frontline treatments. Recently, there has been an increase in the exploitation of the theranostic potential of photodynamic therapy in different preclinical and clinical settings with the use of new photosensitizer formulations and combinatorial therapeutic options. The emergence of nanomedicine has further added to the repertoire of photodynamic therapy's potential and the convergence and co-evolution of these two exciting tools is expected to push the barriers of smart therapies, where such optical approaches might have a special niche. This review provides a perspective on current status of photodynamic therapy in anti-cancer and anti-microbial therapies and it suggests how evolving technologies combined with photochemically-initiated molecular processes may be exploited to become co-conspirators in optimization of treatment outcomes. We also project, at least for the short term, the direction that this modality may be taking in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpamali De Silva
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mohammad A. Saad
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hanna C. Thomsen
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shazia Bano
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shoaib Ashraf
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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19
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Simões JCS, Sarpaki S, Papadimitroulas P, Therrien B, Loudos G. Conjugated Photosensitizers for Imaging and PDT in Cancer Research. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14119-14150. [PMID: 32990442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Early cancer detection and perfect understanding of the disease are imperative toward efficient treatments. It is straightforward that, for choosing a specific cancer treatment methodology, diagnostic agents undertake a critical role. Imaging is an extremely intriguing tool since it assumes a follow up to treatments to survey the accomplishment of the treatment and to recognize any conceivable repeating injuries. It also permits analysis of the disease, as well as to pursue treatment and monitor the possible changes that happen on the tumor. Likewise, it allows screening the adequacy of treatment and visualizing the state of the tumor. Additionally, when the treatment is finished, observing the patient is imperative to evaluate the treatment methodology and adjust the treatment if necessary. The goal of this review is to present an overview of conjugated photosensitizers for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C S Simões
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.,BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Sarpaki
- BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Bruno Therrien
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - George Loudos
- BioEmission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472 Athens, Greece
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20
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Herrmann K, Schwaiger M, Lewis JS, Solomon SB, McNeil BJ, Baumann M, Gambhir SS, Hricak H, Weissleder R. Radiotheranostics: a roadmap for future development. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:e146-e156. [PMID: 32135118 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiotheranostics, injectable radiopharmaceuticals with antitumour effects, have seen rapid development over the past decade. Although some formulations are already approved for human use, more radiopharmaceuticals will enter clinical practice in the next 5 years, potentially introducing new therapeutic choices for patients. Despite these advances, several challenges remain, including logistics, supply chain, regulatory issues, and education and training. By highlighting active developments in the field, this Review aims to alert practitioners to the value of radiotheranostics and to outline a roadmap for future development. Multidisciplinary approaches in clinical trial design and therapeutic administration will become essential to the continued progress of this evolving therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Herrmann
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Stephen B Solomon
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Barbara J McNeil
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sanjiv S Gambhir
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hedvig Hricak
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Department of Radiology, and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Hester SC, Kuriakose M, Nguyen CD, Mallidi S. Role of Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:260-279. [PMID: 31919853 PMCID: PMC7187279 DOI: 10.1111/php.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a phototoxic treatment with high spatial and temporal control and has shown tremendous promise in the management of cancer due to its high efficacy and minimal side effects. PDT efficacy is dictated by a complex relationship between dosimetry parameters such as the concentration of the photosensitizer at the tumor site, its spatial localization (intracellular or extracellular), light dose and distribution, oxygen distribution and concentration, and the heterogeneity of the inter- and intratumoral microenvironment. Studying and characterizing these parameters, along with monitoring tumor heterogeneity pre- and post-PDT, provides essential data for predicting therapeutic response and the design of subsequent therapies. In this review, we elucidate the role of ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic imaging in improving PDT-mediated outcomes in cancer-from tracking photosensitizer uptake and vascular destruction, to measuring oxygenation dynamics and the overall evaluation of tumor responses. We also present recent advances in multifunctional theranostic nanomaterials that can improve either US or photoacoustic imaging contrast, as well as deliver photosensitizers specifically to tumors. Given the wide availability, low-cost, portability and nonionizing nature of US and photoacoustic imaging, together with their capabilities of providing multiparametric morphological and functional information, these technologies are thusly inimitable when deployed in conjunction with PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C. Hester
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA
| | - Maju Kuriakose
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA
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22
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Petrovic LZ, Xavierselvan M, Kuriakose M, Kennedy MD, Nguyen CD, Batt JJ, Detels KB, Mallidi S. Mutual impact of clinically translatable near-infrared dyes on photoacoustic image contrast and in vitro photodynamic therapy efficacy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-12. [PMID: 32112541 PMCID: PMC7048201 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.6.063808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a spatially localized phototoxic therapy that involves irradiation of a photosensitizer (PS) with specific wavelengths of light, has shown exceptional promise in impacting cancer treatment outcomes, particularly oral cancer. To reduce PDT outcome variability, attempts toward image-guided personalized PDT are being pursued by monitoring PS uptake either via fluorescence or photoacoustic imaging (PAI), a nonionizing modality dependent on optical absorption properties of the tissue. PAI-guided PDT requires a near-infrared contrast agent for deep tissue imaging with minimal photobleaching effect. We evaluate the impact of PDT agent, benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD), on PAI agent indocyanine green (ICG) and vice versa, given that they have different optical absorption properties and singlet oxygen quantum yields for PDT. Specifically, we demonstrate in two oral squamous cell carcinoma lines (FaDu and SCC4) that ICG has minimal effect on BPD PDT efficacy when irradiated with either a continuous or pulsed laser. Furthermore, the impact of BPD on ICG photodegradation was monitored with PAI in tissue-mimicking phantoms. These studies inform us that the combination of BPD and ICG can be utilized for PAI-guided PDT. However, researchers need to consider the photodegradation effects of ICG in the presence of BPD when designing their drug delivery strategies for PAI-guided PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Z. Petrovic
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Marvin Xavierselvan
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maju Kuriakose
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Michael D. Kennedy
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Christopher D. Nguyen
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Julian J. Batt
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kelsey B. Detels
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
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23
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Nasr S, Rady M, Gomaa I, Syrovets T, Simmet T, Fayad W, Abdel-Kader M. Ethosomes and lipid-coated chitosan nanocarriers for skin delivery of a chlorophyll derivative: A potential treatment of squamous cell carcinoma by photodynamic therapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 568:118528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Porphyrinoid photosensitizers mediated photodynamic inactivation against bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:72-106. [PMID: 31096157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The multi-drug resistant bacteria have become a serious problem complicating therapies to such a degree that often the term "post-antibiotic era" is applied to describe the situation. The infections with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, third generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli, third generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa have become commonplace. Thus, the new strategies of infection treatment have been searched for, and one of the approaches is based on photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. Photodynamic protocols require the interaction of photosensitizer, molecular oxygen and light. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy by porphyrinoid photosensitizers. In the first part of the review information on the mechanism of photodynamic action and the mechanism of the bacteria resistance to the photodynamic technique were described. In the second one, it was described porphyrinoids photosensitizers like: porphyrins, chlorins and phthalocyanines useable in photodynamic bacteria inactivation.
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25
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Xu H, Ohulchanskyy TY, Yakovliev A, Zinyuk R, Song J, Liu L, Qu J, Yuan Z. Nanoliposomes Co-Encapsulating CT Imaging Contrast Agent and Photosensitizer for Enhanced, Imaging Guided Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Theranostics 2019; 9:1323-1335. [PMID: 30867833 PMCID: PMC6401496 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence (FL) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) can provide a powerful theranostic tool to visualize, monitor, and treat cancer and other diseases with enhanced accuracy and efficacy. Methods: In this study, clinically approved iodinated CT imaging contrast agent (CTIA) iodixanol and commercially available photosensitizer (PS) meso-tetrakis (4-sulphonatophenyl) porphine (TPPS4) were co-encapsulated in biocompatible PEGylated nanoliposomes (NL) for enhanced anticancer PDT guided by bimodal (FL and CT) imaging. Results: The NL co-encapsulation of iodixanol and TPPS4 (LIT) lead to an increase in singlet oxygen generation by PS via the intraparticle heavy-atom (iodine) effect on PS molecules, as it was confirmed by both direct and indirect measurements of singlet oxygen production. The confocal imaging and PDT of cancer cells were performed in vitro, exhibiting the cellular uptake of TPPS4 formulations and enhanced PDT efficacy of LIT. Meanwhile, bimodal (FL and CT) imaging was also conducted with tumor-bearing mice and the imaging results manifested high-efficient accumulation and retention of LIT in tumors. Moreover, PDT of tumor in vivo was shown to be drastically more efficient with LIT than with other formulations of TPPS4. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that LIT can serve as a highly efficient theranostic nanoplatform for enhanced anticancer PDT guided by bimodal (FL and CT) imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
- Bioimaging Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Artem Yakovliev
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Roman Zinyuk
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Bioimaging Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
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26
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Jabeen A, Reeder B, Svistunenko D, Hisaindee S, Ashraf S, Al-Zuhair S, Battah S. Effect of the Photodynamic Therapy Applications with Potent Microalgae Constituents on Several Types of Tumor. Ing Rech Biomed 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Martins WK, Santos NF, Rocha CDS, Bacellar IOL, Tsubone TM, Viotto AC, Matsukuma AY, Abrantes ABDP, Siani P, Dias LG, Baptista MS. Parallel damage in mitochondria and lysosomes is an efficient way to photoinduce cell death. Autophagy 2019; 15:259-279. [PMID: 30176156 PMCID: PMC6333451 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1515609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells challenged by photosensitized oxidations face strong redox stresses and rely on autophagy to either survive or die. However, the use of macroautophagy/autophagy to improve the efficiency of photosensitizers, in terms of inducing cell death, remains unexplored. Here, we addressed the concept that a parallel damage in the membranes of mitochondria and lysosomes leads to a scenario of autophagy malfunction that can greatly improve the efficiency of the photosensitizer to cause cell death. Specific damage to these organelles was induced by irradiation of cells pretreated with 2 phenothiazinium salts, methylene blue (MB) and 1,9-dimethyl methylene blue (DMMB). At a low concentration level (10 nM), only DMMB could induce mitochondrial damage, leading to mitophagy activation, which did not progress to completion because of the parallel damage in lysosome, triggering cell death. MB-induced photodamage was perceived almost instantaneously after irradiation, in response to a massive and nonspecific oxidative stress at a higher concentration range (2 µM). We showed that the parallel damage in mitochondria and lysosomes activates and inhibits mitophagy, leading to a late and more efficient cell death, offering significant advantage (2 orders of magnitude) over photosensitizers that cause unspecific oxidative stress. We are confident that this concept can be used to develop better light-activated drugs. Abbreviations: ΔΨm: mitochondrial transmembrane inner potential; AAU: autophagy arbitrary units; ATG5, autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BAF: bafilomycin A1; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CASP3: caspase 3; CF: carboxyfluorescein; CTSB: cathepsin B; CVS: crystal violet staining; DCF: dichlorofluorescein; DCFH2: 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein; DMMB: 1,9-dimethyl methylene blue; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; HaCaT: non-malignant immortal keratinocyte cell line from adult human skin; HP: hydrogen peroxide; LC3B-II: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta-II; LMP: lysosomal membrane permeabilization; LTG: LysoTracker™ Green DND-26; LTR: LysoTracker™ Red DND-99; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; MB: methylene blue; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; MitoSOX™: red mitochondrial superoxide probe; MTDR: MitoTracker™ Deep Red FM; MTO: MitoTracker™ Orange CMTMRos; MT-ND1: mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 1; MTT: methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide; 1O2: singlet oxygen; OH. hydroxil radical; PRKN/parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PI: propidium iodide; PDT: photodynamic therapy; PS: photosensitizer; QPCR: gene-specific quantitative PCR-based; Rh123: rhodamine 123; ROS: reactive oxygen species RTN: rotenone; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SUVs: small unilamellar vesicles; TBS: Tris-buffered saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska K. Martins
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensue Pesquisa, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayra Fernandes Santos
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleidiane de Sousa Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensue Pesquisa, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel O. L. Bacellar
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayana Mazin Tsubone
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Viotto
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aline B. de P. Abrantes
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Siani
- FFCLRP, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Gustavo Dias
- FFCLRP, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S. Baptista
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Image-Guided Drug Delivery. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01775-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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29
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Pogue BW, Wilson BC. Optical and x-ray technology synergies enabling diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-17. [PMID: 30350489 PMCID: PMC6197862 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.12.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
X-ray and optical technologies are the two central pillars for human imaging and therapy. The strengths of x-rays are deep tissue penetration, effective cytotoxicity, and the ability to image with robust projection and computed-tomography methods. The major limitations of x-ray use are the lack of molecular specificity and the carcinogenic risk. In comparison, optical interactions with tissue are strongly scatter dominated, leading to limited tissue penetration, making imaging and therapy largely restricted to superficial or endoscopically directed tissues. However, optical photon energies are comparable with molecular energy levels, thereby providing the strength of intrinsic molecular specificity. Additionally, optical technologies are highly advanced and diversified, being ubiquitously used throughout medicine as the single largest technology sector. Both have dominant spatial localization value, achieved with optical surface scanning or x-ray internal visualization, where one often is used with the other. Therapeutic delivery can also be enhanced by their synergy, where radio-optical and optical-radio interactions can inform about dose or amplify the clinical therapeutic value. An emerging trend is the integration of nanoparticles to serve as molecular intermediates or energy transducers for imaging and therapy, requiring careful design for the interaction either by scintillation or Cherenkov light, and the nanoscale design is impacted by the choices of optical interaction mechanism. The enhancement of optical molecular sensing or sensitization of tissue using x-rays as the energy source is an important emerging field combining x-ray tissue penetration in radiation oncology with the molecular specificity and packaging of optical probes or molecular localization. The ways in which x-rays can enable optical procedures, or optics can enable x-ray procedures, provide a range of new opportunities in both diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. Taken together, these two technologies form the basis for the vast majority of diagnostics and therapeutics in use in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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30
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Molecular imaging in drug development: Update and challenges for radiolabeled antibodies and nanotechnology. Methods 2017; 130:23-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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31
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Thong PSP, Lee K, Toh HJ, Dong J, Tee CS, Low KP, Chang PH, Bhuvaneswari R, Tan NC, Soo KC. Early assessment of tumor response to photodynamic therapy using combined diffuse optical and diffuse correlation spectroscopy to predict treatment outcome. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19902-19913. [PMID: 28423634 PMCID: PMC5386732 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer involves the use of a photosensitizer that can be light-activated to eradicate tumors via direct cytotoxicity, damage to tumor vasculature and stimulating the body's immune system. Treatment outcome may vary between individuals even under the same regime; therefore a non-invasive tumor response monitoring system will be useful for personalization of the treatment protocol. We present the combined use of diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) to provide early assessment of tumor response. The relative tissue oxygen saturation (rStO2) and relative blood flow (rBF) in tumors were measured using DOS and DCS respectively before and after PDT with reference to baseline values in a mouse model. In complete responders, PDT-induced decreases in both rStO2 and rBF levels were observed at 3 h post-PDT and the rBF remained low until 48 h post-PDT. Recovery of these parameters to baseline values was observed around 2 weeks after PDT. In partial responders, the rStO2 and rBF levels also decreased at 3 h post PDT, however the rBF values returned toward baseline values earlier at 24 h post-PDT. In contrast, the rStO2 and rBF readings in control tumors showed fluctuations above the baseline values within the first 48 h. Therefore tumor response can be predicted at 3 to 48 h post-PDT. Recovery or sustained decreases in the rBF at 48 h post-PDT corresponded to long-term tumor control. Diffuse optical measurements can thus facilitate early assessment of tumor response. This approach can enable physicians to personalize PDT treatment regimens for best outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kijoon Lee
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Current address: Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Korea
| | - Hui-Jin Toh
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Jing Dong
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Current address: Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Chuan-Sia Tee
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Kar-Perng Low
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Pui-Haan Chang
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | | | - Ngian-Chye Tan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Khee-Chee Soo
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
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32
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Pogue BW, Paulsen KD, Samkoe KS, Elliott JT, Hasan T, Strong TV, Draney DR, Feldwisch J. Vision 20/20: Molecular-guided surgical oncology based upon tumor metabolism or immunologic phenotype: Technological pathways for point of care imaging and intervention. Med Phys 2017; 43:3143-3156. [PMID: 27277060 DOI: 10.1118/1.4951732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical guidance with fluorescence has been demonstrated in individual clinical trials for decades, but the scientific and commercial conditions exist today for a dramatic increase in clinical value. In the past decade, increased use of indocyanine green based visualization of vascular flow, biliary function, and tissue perfusion has spawned a robust growth in commercial systems that have near-infrared emission imaging and video display capabilities. This recent history combined with major preclinical innovations in fluorescent-labeled molecular probes, has the potential for a shift in surgical practice toward resection guidance based upon molecular information in addition to conventional visual and palpable cues. Most surgical subspecialties already have treatment management decisions partially based upon the immunohistochemical phenotype of the cancer, as assessed from molecular pathology of the biopsy tissue. This phenotyping can inform the surgical resection process by spatial mapping of these features. Further integration of the diagnostic and therapeutic value of tumor metabolism sensing molecules or immune binding agents directly into the surgical process can help this field mature. Maximal value to the patient would come from identifying the spatial patterns of molecular expression in vivo that are well known to exist. However, as each molecular agent is advanced into trials, the performance of the imaging system can have a critical impact on the success. For example, use of pre-existing commercial imaging systems are not well suited to image receptor targeted fluorophores because of the lower concentrations expected, requiring orders of magnitude more sensitivity. Additionally the imaging system needs the appropriate dynamic range and image processing features to view molecular probes or therapeutics that may have nonspecific uptake or pharmacokinetic issues which lead to limitations in contrast. Imaging systems need to be chosen based upon objective performance criteria, and issues around calibration, validation, and interpretation need to be established before a clinical trial starts. Finally, as early phase trials become more established, the costs associated with failures can be crippling to the field, and so judicious use of phase 0 trials with microdose levels of agents is one viable paradigm to help the field advance, but this places high sensitivity requirements on the imaging systems used. Molecular-guided surgery has truly transformative potential, and several key challenges are outlined here with the goal of seeing efficient advancement with ideal choices. The focus of this vision 20/20 paper is on the technological aspects that are needed to be paired with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 and Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Kimberley S Samkoe
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 and Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Jonathan T Elliott
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 and Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Theresa V Strong
- Vector Production Facility, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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Li B, Lin L, Lin H, Wilson BC. Photosensitized singlet oxygen generation and detection: Recent advances and future perspectives in cancer photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1314-1325. [PMID: 27136270 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizers and visible light in combination with molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill malignant cells by apoptosis and/or necrosis, shut down the tumor microvasculature and stimulate the host immune system. The excited singlet state of oxygen (1 O2 ) is recognized to be the main cytotoxic ROS generated during PDT for the majority of photosensitizers used clinically and for many investigational new agents, so that maximizing its production within tumor cells and tissues can improve the therapeutic response, and several emerging and novel approaches for this are summarized. Quantitative techniques for 1 O2 production measurement during photosensitization are also of immense importance of value for both preclinical research and future clinical practice. In this review, emerging strategies for enhanced photosensitized 1 O2 generation are introduced, while recent advances in direct detection and imaging of 1 O2 luminescence are summarized. In addition, the correlation between cumulative 1 O2 luminescence and PDT efficiency will be highlighted. Meanwhile, the validation of 1 O2 luminescence dosimetry for PDT application is also considered. This review concludes with a discussion on future demands of 1 O2 luminescence detection for PDT dosimetry, with particular emphasis on clinical translation. Eye-catching color image for graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buhong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Lisheng Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Huiyun Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
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Mallidi S, Anbil S, Bulin AL, Obaid G, Ichikawa M, Hasan T. Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy. Theranostics 2016; 6:2458-2487. [PMID: 27877247 PMCID: PMC5118607 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry based treatment modality that involves the generation of cytotoxic species through the interactions of a photosensitizer molecule with light irradiation of an appropriate wavelength. PDT is an approved therapeutic modality for several cancers globally and in several cases has proved to be effective where traditional treatments have failed. The key parameters that determine PDT efficacy are 1. the photosensitizer (nature of the molecules, selectivity, and macroscopic and microscopic localization etc.), 2. light application (wavelength, fluence, fluence rate, irradiation regimes etc.) and 3. the microenvironment (vascularity, hypoxic regions, stromal tissue density, molecular heterogeneity etc.). Over the years, several groups aimed to monitor and manipulate the components of these critical parameters to improve the effectiveness of PDT treatments. However, PDT is still misconstrued to be a surface treatment primarily due to the limited depths of light penetration. In this review, we present the recent advances, strategies and perspectives in PDT approaches, particularly in cancer treatment, that focus on increasing the 'damage zone' beyond the reach of light in the body. This is enabled by a spectrum of approaches that range from innovative photosensitizer excitation strategies, increased specificity of phototoxicity, and biomodulatory approaches that amplify the biotherapeutic effects induced by photodynamic action. Along with the increasing depth of understanding of the underlying physical, chemical and physiological mechanisms, it is anticipated that with the convergence of these strategies, the clinical utility of PDT will be expanded to a powerful modality in the armamentarium for the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sriram Anbil
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
- The University of Texas School of Medicine at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Anne-Laure Bulin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Megumi Ichikawa
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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Obaid G, Broekgaarden M, Bulin AL, Huang HC, Kuriakose J, Liu J, Hasan T. Photonanomedicine: a convergence of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12471-503. [PMID: 27328309 PMCID: PMC4956486 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As clinical nanomedicine has emerged over the past two decades, phototherapeutic advancements using nanotechnology have also evolved and impacted disease management. Because of unique features attributable to the light activation process of molecules, photonanomedicine (PNM) holds significant promise as a personalized, image-guided therapeutic approach for cancer and non-cancer pathologies. The convergence of advanced photochemical therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and imaging modalities with sophisticated nanotechnologies is enabling the ongoing evolution of fundamental PNM formulations, such as Visudyne®, into progressive forward-looking platforms that integrate theranostics (therapeutics and diagnostics), molecular selectivity, the spatiotemporally controlled release of synergistic therapeutics, along with regulated, sustained drug dosing. Considering that the envisioned goal of these integrated platforms is proving to be realistic, this review will discuss how PNM has evolved over the years as a preclinical and clinical amalgamation of nanotechnology with PDT. The encouraging investigations that emphasize the potent synergy between photochemistry and nanotherapeutics, in addition to the growing realization of the value of these multi-faceted theranostic nanoplatforms, will assist in driving PNM formulations into mainstream oncological clinical practice as a necessary tool in the medical armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Fan Z, Cui X, Wei D, Liu W, Li B, He H, Ye H, Zhu N, Wei X. eEF1A1 binds and enriches protoporphyrin IX in cancer cells in 5-aminolevulinic acid based photodynamic therapy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25353. [PMID: 27150264 PMCID: PMC4858656 DOI: 10.1038/srep25353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is endogenously derived from 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) or its derivatives, is a promising modality for the treatment of both pre-malignant and malignant lesions. However, the mechanisms of how ALA-induced PpIX selectively accumulated in the tumors are not fully elucidated. Here we discovered that eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eEF1A1) interacted with PpIX (with an affinity constant of 2.96 × 10(6) M(-1)). Microscopy imaging showed that ALA-induced PpIX was co-localized with eEF1A1 in cancer cells. eEF1A1 was found to enrich ALA-induced PpIX in cells by competitively blocking the downstream bioavailability of PpIX. Taken together, our study discovered eEF1A1 as a novel photosensitizer binding protein, which may play an essential role in the enrichment of ALA-induced PpIX in cancer cells during PDT. These suggested eEF1A1 as a molecular marker to predict the selectivity and efficiency of 5-ALA based PDT in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xiaojun Cui
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Cell Death and Survival Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Buhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huamao Ye
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
In chemotherapy a fine balance between therapeutic and toxic effects needs to be found for each patient, adapting standard combination protocols each time. Nanotherapeutics has been introduced into clinical practice for treating tumors with the aim of improving the therapeutic outcome of conventional therapies and of alleviating their toxicity and overcoming multidrug resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved, minimally invasive procedure emerging in cancer treatment. It involves the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) which, under light irradiation and in the presence of molecular oxygen, produces cytotoxic species. Unfortunately, most PSs lack specificity for tumor cells and are poorly soluble in aqueous media, where they can form aggregates with low photoactivity. Nanotechnological approaches in PDT (nanoPDT) can offer a valid option to deliver PSs in the body and to solve at least some of these issues. Currently, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as nanoPDT system because their features (size, surface properties, and release rate) can be readily manipulated by selecting appropriate materials in a vast range of possible candidates commercially available and by synthesizing novel tailor-made materials. Delivery of PSs through NPs offers a great opportunity to overcome PDT drawbacks based on the concept that a nanocarrier can drive therapeutic concentrations of PS to the tumor cells without generating any harmful effect in non-target tissues. Furthermore, carriers for nanoPDT can surmount solubility issues and the tendency of PS to aggregate, which can severely affect photophysical, chemical, and biological properties. Finally, multimodal NPs carrying different drugs/bioactive species with complementary mechanisms of cancer cell killing and incorporating an imaging agent can be developed. In the following, we describe the principles of PDT use in cancer and the pillars of rational design of nanoPDT carriers dictated by tumor and PS features. Then we illustrate the main nanoPDT systems demonstrating potential in preclinical models together with emerging concepts for their advanced design.
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Hopkins T, Ukani R, Kopelman R. Intracellular Photodynamic Activity of Chlorin e6 Containing Nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2. [PMID: 28956023 PMCID: PMC5611789 DOI: 10.16966/2470-3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) containing the photo-therapeutic dye Chlorin e6 (Ce6) have been explored in multiple studies for photo-dynamic therapy (PDT). However, little work has been carried out regarding their PDT efficacy, relative to other dye containing NPs. Here polyacrylamide nanoparticles (PAAm NPs) containing Ce6 were prepared and their PDT efficacy compared to previously reported methylene blue (MB) containing PAAmNPs. It was found that, for identical NP dosages and photon doses, the Ce6 NPs are an order of magnitude more potent in killing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rahil Ukani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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