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PARIETAL INTRAHEMISPHERIC SOURCE CONNECTIVITY OF RESTING-STATE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ALPHA RHYTHMS IS ABNORMAL IN NAÏVE HIV PATIENTS. Brain Res Bull 2022; 181:129-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zheng H, Bergamino M, Ford BN, Kuplicki R, Yeh FC, Bodurka J, Burrows K, Hunt PW, Teague TK, Irwin MR, Yolken RH, Paulus MP, Savitz J. Replicable association between human cytomegalovirus infection and reduced white matter fractional anisotropy in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:928-938. [PMID: 33500556 PMCID: PMC8115597 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with reductions in white matter microstructural integrity as measured by fractional anisotropy (FA), an index derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The neurotropic herpesvirus, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), is a major cause of white matter pathology in immunosuppressed populations but its relationship with FA has never been tested in MDD despite the presence of inflammation and weakened antiviral immunity in a subset of depressed patients. We tested the relationship between FA and HCMV infection in two independent samples consisting of 176 individuals with MDD and 44 healthy controls (HC) (Discovery sample) and 88 participants with MDD and 48 HCs (Replication sample). Equal numbers of HCMV positive (HCMV+) and HCMV negative (HCMV-) groups within each sample were balanced on ten different clinical/demographic variables using propensity score matching. Anti-HCMV IgG antibodies were measured using a solid-phase ELISA. In the Discovery sample, significantly lower FA was observed in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in HCMV+ participants with MDD compared to HCMV- participants with MDD (cluster size 1316 mm3; pFWE < 0.05, d = -0.58). This association was confirmed in the replication sample by extracting the mean FA from this exact cluster and applying the identical statistical model (p < 0.05, d = -0.45). There was no significant effect of diagnosis or interaction between diagnosis and HCMV in either sample. The effect of chronic HCMV infection on white matter integrity may-in at-risk individuals-contribute to the psychopathology of depression. These findings may provide a novel target of intervention for a subgroup of patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zheng
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Maurizio Bergamino
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Division of Neuroimaging Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Bart N Ford
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | | | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | | | - Peter W Hunt
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - T Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Sungura R, Onyambu C, Mpolya E, Sauli E, Vianney JM. The extended scope of neuroimaging and prospects in brain atrophy mitigation: A systematic review. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Reid E, Suneja G, Ambinder RF, Ard K, Baiocchi R, Barta SK, Carchman E, Cohen A, Crysler OV, Gupta N, Gustafson C, Hall A, Johung KL, Klopp A, LaCasce AS, Lin C, Mehta A, Menon MP, Morgan D, Nathwani N, Noy A, Ratner L, Rizza S, Rudek MA, Sanchez J, Taylor J, Tomlinson B, Wang CCJ, Yendamuri S, Dwyer MA, Freedman-Cass DA. AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma, Version 2.2019, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2020; 17:171-189. [PMID: 30787130 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2019.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As treatment of HIV has improved, people living with HIV (PLWH) have experienced a decreased risk of AIDS and AIDS-defining cancers (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and cervical cancer), but the risk of Kaposi sarcoma in PLWH is still elevated about 500-fold compared with the general population in the United States. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma provide diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance recommendations for PLWH who develop limited cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma and for those with advanced cutaneous, oral, visceral, or nodal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kevin Ard
- 4Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
| | - Robert Baiocchi
- 5The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | - Adam Cohen
- 8Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah
| | | | | | - Chelsea Gustafson
- 11Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | - Ann Klopp
- 13The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Chi Lin
- 15Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center
| | - Amitkumar Mehta
- 16University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Manoj P Menon
- 17Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | - Ariela Noy
- 20Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Lee Ratner
- 21Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Jeff Taylor
- 24HIV + Aging Research Project - Palm Springs
| | - Benjamin Tomlinson
- 25Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
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- 28National Comprehensive Cancer Network
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Barkhof F, Koeller KK. Demyelinating Diseases of the CNS (Brain and Spine). IDKD SPRINGER SERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38490-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Weidauer S, Wagner M, Enkirch SJ, Hattingen E. CNS Infections in Immunoincompetent Patients : Neuroradiological and Clinical Features. Clin Neuroradiol 2019; 30:9-25. [PMID: 31538219 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-019-00837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In patients with immunodeficiency the pathogen spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) infections is broader and different from that of immunocompetent patients. Numerous opportunistic infections are characterized by a high prevalence of viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens, and depend on the type of impaired immune defense, for example impaired T‑cell or monocyte function, monoclonal antibody treatment, and impaired granulocyte function. Neuroradiological features as well as laboratory findings are often different and versatile in comparison to immunocompetent individuals and pathognomonic imaging findings do not exist; however, knowledge of possible pathways of pathogens in the CNS and preferred tissue affection may help in narrowing down differential diagnoses. Therefore, knowledge of the type of patient and the performed immunomodulatory therapy is essential for the neuroradiological assessment and the differential diagnostic considerations. Moreover, parenchymal reactions in the sense of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) can occur when immunocompetence is restored. This review focus on the most common pathologies in immunocompromised patients, and an overview of imaging features but also of pathology and clinical aspects is given. The synopsis of anamnestic information, clinical findings and structured analysis of the lesion pattern, its spread and short-term follow-up may increase the correct diagnostic classification; however, the gold standard is still determination of the pathogen in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood cultures or biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Weidauer
- Department of Neurology, Sankt Katharinen Hospital, Teaching Hospital, Goethe University, Seckbacher Landstraße 65, 60389, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Marlies Wagner
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Elke Hattingen
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Primary CNS Lymphomas: Challenges in Diagnosis and Monitoring. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3606970. [PMID: 30035121 PMCID: PMC6033255 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3606970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare neoplasm that can involve brain, eye, leptomeninges, and rarely spinal cord. PCNSL lesions most typically enhance homogeneously on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and appear T2-hypointense, but high variability in MRI features is commonly encountered. Neurological symptoms and MRI findings may mimic high grade gliomas (HGGs), tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs), or infectious and granulomatous diseases. Advanced MRI techniques (MR diffusion, spectroscopy, and perfusion) and metabolic imaging, such as Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) or amino acid PET (usually employing methionine), may be useful in distinguishing these different entities and monitoring the disease course. Moreover, emerging data suggest a role for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers in predicting prognosis and response to treatments. In this review, we will address the challenges in PCNSL diagnosis, assessment of response to treatments, and evaluation of potential neurotoxicity related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the brain early after infecting humans and may remain in the central nervous system despite successful antiretroviral treatment. Many neuroimaging techniques were used to study HIV+ patients with or without opportunistic infections. These techniques assessed abnormalities in brain structures (using computed tomography, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion MRI) and function (using functional MRI at rest or during a task, and perfusion MRI with or without a contrast agent). In addition, single-photon emission computed tomography with various tracers (e.g., thallium-201, Tc99-HMPAO) and positron emission tomography with various agents (e.g., [18F]-dexoyglucose, [11C]-PiB, and [11C]-TSPO tracers), were applied to study opportunistic infections or HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Neuroimaging provides diagnoses and biomarkers to quantitate the severity of brain injury or to monitor treatment effects, and may yield insights into the pathophysiology of HIV infection. As the majority of antiretroviral-stable HIV+ patients are living longer, age-related comorbid disorders (e.g., additional neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular disorders, or other dementias) will need to be considered. Other highly prevalent conditions, such as substance use disorders, psychiatric illnesses, and the long-term effects of combined antiretroviral therapy, all may lead to additional brain injury. Neuroimaging studies could provide knowledge regarding how these comorbid conditions impact the HIV-infected brain. Lastly, specific molecular imaging agents may be needed to assess the central nervous system viral reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine and Department of Neurology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Manoa, United States.
| | - Dinesh K Shukla
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Babiloni C, Noce G, Pennica A, Onorati P, Capotosto P, Del Percio C, Roma P, Correr V, Piccinni E, Toma G, Soricelli A, Di Campli F, Gianserra L, Ciullini L, Aceti A, Teti E, Sarmati L, Crocetti G, Ferri R, Catania V, Pascarelli MT, Andreoni M, Ferracuti S. Cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic rhythms probe brain function in naïve HIV individuals. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 129:431-441. [PMID: 29304418 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here we evaluated the hypothesis that resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) cortical sources correlated with cognitive functions and discriminated asymptomatic treatment-naïve HIV subjects (no AIDS). METHODS EEG, clinical, and neuropsychological data were collected in 103 treatment-naïve HIV subjects (88 males; mean age 39.8 years ± 1.1 standard error of the mean, SE). An age-matched group of 70 cognitively normal and HIV-negative (Healthy; 56 males; 39.0 years ± 2.0 SE) subjects, selected from a local university archive, was used for control purposes. LORETA freeware was used for EEG source estimation in fronto-central, temporal, and parieto-occipital regions of interest. RESULTS Widespread sources of delta (<4 Hz) and alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms were abnormal in the treatment-naïve HIV group. Fronto-central delta source activity showed a slight but significant (p < 0.05, corrected) negative correlation with verbal and semantic test scores. So did parieto-occipital delta/alpha source ratio with memory and composite cognitive scores. These sources allowed a moderate classification accuracy between HIV and control individuals (area under the ROC curves of 70-75%). CONCLUSIONS Regional EEG abnormalities in quiet wakefulness characterized treatment-naïve HIV subjects at the individual level. SIGNIFICANCE This EEG approach may contribute to the management of treatment-naïve HIV subjects at risk of cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; Institute for Research and Medical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Noce
- Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pennica
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onorati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; Institute for Research and Medical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Capotosto
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, and ITAB-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Roma
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Correr
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Piccinni
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra Toma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Campli
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Gianserra
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ciullini
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Aceti
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Sarmati
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Crocetti
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Enna, Italy
| | - Valentina Catania
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Enna, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pascarelli
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Enna, Italy
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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Koeller KK, Shih RY. Viral and Prion Infections of the Central Nervous System: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives. Radiographics 2017; 37:199-233. [PMID: 28076019 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2017160149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) range in clinical severity, with the most severe proving fatal within a matter of days. Some of the more than 100 different viruses known to affect the brain and spinal cord are neurotropic with a predilection for producing CNS infection. The host response to viral infection of the CNS is responsible for the pathophysiology and imaging findings seen in affected patients. Viral CNS infections can take the form of meningitis, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, or, when involving the spinal cord and nerve roots, encephalomyeloradiculitis. In 1982, an infectious particle termed a prion that lacked nucleic acid and therefore was not a virus was reported to produce the fatal neurodegenerative disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and related disorders. These prion diseases produce characteristic neuroimaging findings that are distinct from those seen in most viral infections. The clinical and imaging findings associated with viral CNS infection are often nonspecific, with microbiologic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid the most useful single test allowing for diagnosis of a specific viral infection. This review details the spectrum of viral CNS infections and uses case material from the archives of the American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, with a focus on the specific clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging features seen in these infections. Where possible, the imaging features that allow distinction of these infections from other CNS inflammatory conditions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K Koeller
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md (K.K.K., R.Y.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.K.); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.); and Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.)
| | - Robert Y Shih
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md (K.K.K., R.Y.S.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.K.); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.); and Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.Y.S.)
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Babiloni C, Pennica A, Capotosto P, Onorati P, Muratori C, Ferracuti S, Roma P, Correr V, Piccinni E, Noce G, Del Percio C, Cordone S, Limatola C, Soricelli A, Di Campli F, Gianserra L, Ciullini L, Aceti A, Viscione M, Teti E, Sarmati L, Andreoni M. Brain and cognitive functions in two groups of naïve HIV patients selected for a different plan of antiretroviral therapy: A qEEG study. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:3455-3469. [PMID: 27716535 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cortical sources of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms were investigated in two sub-populations of naïve HIV subjects, grouped based on clinical criteria to receive different combination anti-retroviral therapies (cARTs). These EEG sources were hypothesized to reflect beneficial effects of both regimes. METHODS Eyes-closed resting state EEG data were collected in 19 (Group A) and 39 (Group B) naïve HIV subjects at baseline (i.e. pre-treatment; T0) and after 5months of cART (T5). Compared with the Group A, the Group B was characterized by slightly worse serological parameters and higher cardiovascular risk. At T0, mean viral load (VL) and CD4 count were 87,694copies/ml and 435cells/μl in the Group A and 187,370copies/ml and 331cells/μl in the Group B. The EEG data were also collected in 50 matched control HIV-negative subjects. Cortical EEG sources were assessed by LORETA software. RESULTS Compared to the Control Group, the HIV Groups showed lower alpha (8-12Hz) source activity at T0 while the Group B also exhibited higher delta source activity. The treatment partially normalized alpha and delta source activity in the Group A and B, respectively, in association with improved VL, CD4, and cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS Different cART regimens induced diverse beneficial effects in delta or alpha source activity in the two naïve HIV Groups. SIGNIFICANCE These sources might unveil different neurophysiological effects of diverse cART on brain function in naïve HIV Groups as a function of clinical status and/or therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Pennica
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Onorati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Roma
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Correr
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Piccinni
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Susanna Cordone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Campli
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Gianserra
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ciullini
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Aceti
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Magdalena Viscione
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Sarmati
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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12
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Babiloni C, Pennica A, Del Percio C, Noce G, Cordone S, Lopez S, Berry K, Muratori C, Ferracuti S, Roma P, Correr V, Di Campli F, Gianserra L, Ciullini L, Aceti A, Soricelli A, Teti E, Viscione M, Limatola C, Onorati P, Capotosto P, Andreoni M. Antiretroviral therapy affects the z-score index of deviant cortical EEG rhythms in naïve HIV individuals. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:144-56. [PMID: 27408799 PMCID: PMC4933036 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here we tested the effect of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on deviant electroencephalographic (EEG) source activity in treatment-naïve HIV individuals. METHODS Resting state eyes-closed EEG data were recorded before and after 5 months of cART in 48 male HIV subjects, who were naïve at the study start. The EEG data were also recorded in 59 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects as a control group. Frequency bands of interest included delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2 and alpha3, based on alpha frequency peak specific to each individual. They also included beta1 (13-20 Hz) and beta2 (20-30 Hz). Low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) estimated EEG cortical source activity in frontal, central, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. RESULTS Before the therapy, the HIV group showed greater parietal delta source activity and lower spatially diffuse alpha source activity compared to the control group. Thus, the ratio of parietal delta and alpha3 source activity served as an EEG marker. The z-score showed a statistically deviant EEG marker (EEG +) in 50% of the HIV individuals before therapy (p < 0.05). After 5 months of cART, delta source activity decreased, and alpha3 source activity increased in the HIV subjects with EEG + (about 50% of them showed a normalized EEG marker). CONCLUSIONS This procedure detected a deviant EEG marker before therapy and its post-therapy normalization in naïve HIV single individuals. SIGNIFICANCE The parietal delta/alpha3 EEG marker may be used to monitor cART effects on brain function in such individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pennica
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Susanna Cordone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ketura Berry
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Roma
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Correr
- Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Campli
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Gianserra
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ciullini
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Aceti
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
- Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teti
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Magdalena Viscione
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onorati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Andreoni
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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Wade BS, Valcour VG, Wendelken-Riegelhaupt L, Esmaeili-Firidouni P, Joshi SH, Gutman BA, Thompson PM. Mapping abnormal subcortical brain morphometry in an elderly HIV+ cohort. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 9:564-73. [PMID: 26640768 PMCID: PMC4625216 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Over 50% of HIV + individuals exhibit neurocognitive impairment and subcortical atrophy, but the profile of brain abnormalities associated with HIV is still poorly understood. Using surface-based shape analyses, we mapped the 3D profile of subcortical morphometry in 63 elderly HIV + participants and 31 uninfected controls. The thalamus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala, brainstem, accumbens, callosum and ventricles were segmented from high-resolution MRIs. To investigate shape-based morphometry, we analyzed the Jacobian determinant (JD) and radial distances (RD) defined on each region's surfaces. We also investigated effects of nadir CD4 + T-cell counts, viral load, time since diagnosis (TSD) and cognition on subcortical morphology. Lastly, we explored whether HIV + participants were distinguishable from unaffected controls in a machine learning context. All shape and volume features were included in a random forest (RF) model. The model was validated with 2-fold cross-validation. Volumes of HIV + participants' bilateral thalamus, left pallidum, left putamen and callosum were significantly reduced while ventricular spaces were enlarged. Significant shape variation was associated with HIV status, TSD and the Wechsler adult intelligence scale. HIV + people had diffuse atrophy, particularly in the caudate, putamen, hippocampus and thalamus. Unexpectedly, extended TSD was associated with increased thickness of the anterior right pallidum. In the classification of HIV + participants vs. controls, our RF model attained an area under the curve of 72%. We model subcortical morphometry of elderly HIV + participants. We explore classifying HIV status based on shape and volume of brain regions. Morphometry of brain regions was associated with infection status and duration. HIV status was classifiable with 72% accuracy in morphometry-based classifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S.C. Wade
- Imaging Genetics Center, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Victor G. Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Dept. of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Shantanu H. Joshi
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Boris A. Gutman
- Imaging Genetics Center, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
- Corresponding author at: Imaging Genetics Center, University of Southern California, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA.Imaging Genetics CenterUniversity of Southern California4676 Admiralty WayMarina del ReyCA90292USA
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