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Gittis AH, Sillitoe RV. Circuit-Specific Deep Brain Stimulation Provides Insights into Movement Control. Annu Rev Neurosci 2024; 47:63-83. [PMID: 38424473 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-092823-104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a method in which electrical stimulation is delivered to specific areas of the brain, is an effective treatment for managing symptoms of a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical access to neural circuits during DBS provides an opportunity to study the functional link between neural circuits and behavior. This review discusses how the use of DBS in Parkinson's disease and dystonia has provided insights into the brain networks and physiological mechanisms that underlie motor control. In parallel, insights from basic science about how patterns of electrical stimulation impact plasticity and communication within neural circuits are transforming DBS from a therapy for treating symptoms to a therapy for treating circuits, with the goal of training the brain out of its diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryn H Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Roy V Sillitoe
- Departments of Neuroscience, Pathology & Immunology, and Pediatrics; and Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Dong Y, Jia M, Tan S, Li XY, Song Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang C. Clinical, genetic, and neuroimaging profiles of autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 caused by novel VPS13D variants in Chinese. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63828. [PMID: 39058251 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxias (SCARs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders. VPS13D gene is currently the only gene associated with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCAR4), also known as VPS13D dyskinesia. SCAR4 is a rare inherited disease, with only 34 reported cases reported worldwide. In this study, we reported three independent SCAR4 cases with adolescent onsets caused by five novel variants of the VPS13D gene. Each patient carried one frameshift and one missense variant: Patient 1 with c.10474del and c.9734C > A (p.Leu3492Tyrfs*43 and p.Thr3245Asn), Patient 2 with c.6094_6107delGTTCTCTTGATCCC and c.9734C > A (p.Val2032Argfs*7 and p.Thr3245Asn), and Patient 3 with c.11954_11963del and c.9833 T > G (p.Phe3985Serfs*10 and p.Ile3278Ser). Two of the three patients shared nystagmus with an identical variant c.9734C > A. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated thoracic spinal atrophy in all three patients and corpus callosum atrophy in one patient, along with other typical manifestations of white matter degradation, cerebral atrophy, and cerebellar atrophy. These findings expanded the genetic, clinical, and neuroimaging spectrum of SCAR4, and provided new insights into the genetic counseling, molecular mechanisms, and differential diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dong
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Milan Jia
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Tan
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Ying Li
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianling Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Banerjee S, Bongu S, Hughes SP, Gaboury EK, Carver CE, Luo X, Bessert DA, Thummel R. Hypomyelinated vps16 Mutant Zebrafish Exhibit Systemic and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7260. [PMID: 39000367 PMCID: PMC11242861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Homotypic Fusion and Protein Sorting (HOPS) and Class C-core Vacuole/Endosome Tethering (CORVET) complexes regulate the correct fusion of endolysosomal bodies. Mutations in core proteins (VPS11, VPS16, VPS18, and VPS33) have been linked with multiple neurological disorders, including mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), genetic leukoencephalopathy (gLE), and dystonia. Mutations in human Vacuolar Protein Sorting 16 (VPS16) have been associated with MPS and dystonia. In this study, we generated and characterized a zebrafish vps16(-/-) mutant line using immunohistochemical and behavioral approaches. The loss of Vps16 function caused multiple systemic defects, hypomyelination, and increased neuronal cell death. Behavioral analysis showed a progressive loss of visuomotor response and reduced motor response and habituation to acoustic/tap stimuli in mutants. Finally, using a novel multiple-round acoustic/tap stimuli test, mutants showed intermediate memory deficits. Together, these data demonstrate that zebrafish vps16(-/-) mutants show systemic defects, neurological and motor system pathologies, and cognitive impairment. This is the first study to report behavior abnormalities and memory deficiencies in a zebrafish vps16(-/-) mutant line. Finally, we conclude that the deficits observed in vps16(-/-) zebrafish mutants do not mimic pathologies associated with dystonia, but more align to abnormalities associated with MPS and gLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryan Thummel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.B.); (S.B.); (S.P.H.); (E.K.G.); (C.E.C.); (X.L.); (D.A.B.)
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4
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Zhao M, Yan X, Wang L, Yin F. Cervical Dystonia Caused by Variant of ATP13A2 Responsive to Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1074-1076. [PMID: 38586886 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
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5
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Di Fonzo A, Jinnah HA, Zech M. Dystonia genes and their biological pathways. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 169:61-103. [PMID: 37482402 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing has been instrumental in uncovering the spectrum of pathogenic genetic alterations that contribute to the etiology of dystonia. Despite the immense heterogeneity in monogenic causes, studies performed during the past few years have highlighted that many rare deleterious variants associated with dystonic presentations affect genes that have roles in certain conserved pathways in neural physiology. These various gene mutations that appear to converge towards the disruption of interconnected cellular networks were shown to produce a wide range of different dystonic disease phenotypes, including isolated and combined dystonias as well as numerous clinically complex, often neurodevelopmental disorder-related conditions that can manifest with dystonic features in the context of multisystem disturbances. In this chapter, we summarize the manifold dystonia-gene relationships based on their association with a discrete number of unifying pathophysiological mechanisms and molecular cascade abnormalities. The themes on which we focus comprise dopamine signaling, heavy metal accumulation and calcifications in the brain, nuclear envelope function and stress response, gene transcription control, energy homeostasis, lysosomal trafficking, calcium and ion channel-mediated signaling, synaptic transmission beyond dopamine pathways, extra- and intracellular structural organization, and protein synthesis and degradation. Enhancing knowledge about the concept of shared etiological pathways in the pathogenesis of dystonia will motivate clinicians and researchers to find more efficacious treatments that allow to reverse pathologies in patient-specific core molecular networks and connected multipathway loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - H A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Huang X, Fan DS. Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 with a VPS13D mutation: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:703-708. [PMID: 35097097 PMCID: PMC8771376 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i2.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCAR4) is a type of SCA that is a group of hereditary diseases characterized by gait ataxia. The main clinical features of SCAR4 are progressive cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, neuropathy, and macrosaccadic intrusions. To date, many gene dysfunctions have been reported to be associated with SCAR4.
CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a novel compound heterozygous mutation, c.3288delA (p.Asp1097ThrfsTer6), in the VPS13D gene in a young female Chinese patient. The patient found something wrong with her legs about 10 years ago and presented with the typical characteristics of SCAR4 when she came to the hospital, including ataxia, neuropathy, and positive pyramidal signs. She was then diagnosed with SCAR4 and went home with symptomatic schemes.
CONCLUSION SCAR4 is a hereditary disease characterized by ataxia, pyramidal signs, neuropathy, and macrosaccadic intrusions. We report a novel compound heterozygous mutation, c.3288delA (p.Asp1097ThrfsTer6), in the VPS13D gene, which enriches the gene mutation spectrum and provides additional information about SCAR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
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Van Der Heijden ME, Gill JS, Rey Hipolito AG, Salazar Leon LE, Sillitoe RV. Quantification of Behavioral Deficits in Developing Mice With Dystonic Behaviors. DYSTONIA 2022; 1:10494. [PMID: 36960404 PMCID: PMC10032351 DOI: 10.3389/dyst.2022.10494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Converging evidence from structural imaging studies in patients, the function of dystonia-causing genes, and the comorbidity of neuronal and behavioral defects all suggest that pediatric-onset dystonia is a neurodevelopmental disorder. However, to fully appreciate the contribution of altered development to dystonia, a mechanistic understanding of how networks become dysfunctional is required for early-onset dystonia. One current hurdle is that many dystonia animal models are ideally suited for studying adult phenotypes, as the neurodevelopmental features can be subtle or are complicated by broad developmental deficits. Furthermore, most assays that are used to measure dystonia are not suited for developing postnatal mice. Here, we characterize the early-onset dystonia in Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice, which is caused by the absence of neurotransmission from inferior olive neurons onto cerebellar Purkinje cells. We investigate motor control with two paradigms that examine how altered neural function impacts key neurodevelopmental milestones seen in postnatal pups (postnatal day 7-11). We find that Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice have poor performance on the negative geotaxis assay and the surface righting reflex. Interestingly, we also find that Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice make fewer ultrasonic calls when socially isolated from their nests. Ultrasonic calls are often impaired in rodent models of autism spectrum disorders, a condition that can be comorbid with dystonia. Together, we show that these assays can serve as useful quantitative tools for investigating how neural dysfunction during development influences neonatal behaviors in a dystonia mouse model. Our data implicate a shared cerebellar circuit mechanism underlying dystonia-related motor signs and social impairments in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike E. Van Der Heijden
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jason S. Gill
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alejandro G. Rey Hipolito
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luis E. Salazar Leon
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roy V. Sillitoe
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Correspondence: Roy V. Sillitoe,
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8
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Du Y, Wang Y, Xu Q, Zhu J, Lin Y. TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the key proteins related with the differentiation process of goat intramuscular adipocytes. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:417. [PMID: 34090334 PMCID: PMC8180059 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intramuscular adipocytes differentiation is a complex process, which is regulated by various transcription factor, protein factor regulators and signal transduction pathways. However, the proteins and signal pathways that regulates goat intramuscular adipocytes differentiation remains unclear. Result In this study, based on nanoscale liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS), the tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling analysis was used to investigate the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) related with the differentiation process of goat intramuscular adipocytes. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analyses were performed for the characterization of the identified DAPs. The candidate proteins were verified by parallel reaction monitoring analysis. As a result, a total of 123 proteins, 70 upregulation proteins and 53 downregulation proteins, were identified as DAPs which may be related with the differentiation process of goat intramuscular adipocytes. Furthermore, the cholesterol metabolism pathway, glucagon signaling pathway and glycolysis / gluconeogenesis pathway were noticed that may be the important signal pathways for goat Intramuscular adipocytes differentiation. Conclusions By proteomic comparison between goat intramuscular preadipocytes (P_IMA) and intramuscular adipocytes (IMA), we identified a series protein that might play important role in the goat intramuscular fat differentiation, such as SRSF10, CSRP3, APOH, PPP3R1, CRTC2, FOS, SERPINE1 and AIF1L, could serve as candidates for further elucidate the molecular mechanism of IMF differentiation in goats. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07730-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China. .,College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Zorzi G, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Danti FR, Bustos BI, Invernizzi F, Panteghini C, Reale C, Garavaglia B, Chiapparini L, Lubbe SJ, Nardocci N, Mencacci NE. YY1-Related Dystonia: Clinical Aspects and Long-Term Response to Deep Brain Stimulation. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1461-1462. [PMID: 33638881 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ignacio Juan Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Federica Rachele Danti
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernabe I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Reale
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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