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Lan F, Liu Q, Ye W, Wang X, Yin K. Riverine fluxes of different species of phosphorus in the Pearl River estuary. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116079. [PMID: 38309179 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient in coastal waters of China, particularly in the Pearl River (PR) estuary. Rivers have different P forms including dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), particulate inorganic phosphorus (PIP), and particulate organic phosphorus (POP). Their input to coastal seas has been overlooked. We hypothesize that DIP is a small fraction of total phosphorus (TP). We investigated these P forms and estimated their fluxes in PR eight outlets during 2015-2019. DIP on average is only a 30.90 % fraction of TP with PIP, POP and DOP accounting for 22.43, 31.56 and 15.37 %, respectively. The average annual fluxes of TP, DIP, DOP, PIP and POP were 12.58×, 3.34×, 1.68×, 3.19× and 4.26 × 106 mol/month, respectively, which are regulated by runoff and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The finding reveals the importance of other P forms for phytoplankton in the Pearl River estuary and their bio-availability deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lan
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Qinyu Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Weiwen Ye
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Xutao Wang
- Ecological and Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Supervison and Management Bureau of Ecology and Environment for The Pearl River Watershed and South China Sea, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PR China, 80 Tianshou Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kedong Yin
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
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2
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Zhang K, Zhou Z, Li J, Wang J, Yu L, Lin S. SPX-related genes regulate phosphorus homeostasis in the marine phytoplankton, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Commun Biol 2021; 4:797. [PMID: 34172821 PMCID: PMC8233357 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for marine phytoplankton. Maintaining intracellular P homeostasis against environmental P variability is critical for phytoplankton, but how they achieve this is poorly understood. Here we identify a SPX gene and investigate its role in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. SPX knockout led to significant increases in the expression of phosphate transporters, alkaline phosphatases (the P acquisition machinery) and phospholipid hydrolases (a mechanism to reduce P demand). These demonstrate that SPX is a negative regulator of both P uptake and P-stress responses. Furthermore, we show that SPX regulation of P uptake and metabolism involves a phosphate starvation response regulator (PHR) as an intermediate. Additionally, we find the SPX related genes exist and operate across the phytoplankton phylogenetic spectrum and in the global oceans, indicating its universal importance in marine phytoplankton. This study lays a foundation for better understanding phytoplankton adaptation to P variability in the future changing oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jiashun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingtian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA.
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Dell'Aquila G, Maier UG. Specific acclimations to phosphorus limitation in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biol Chem 2020; 401:1495-1501. [PMID: 32845857 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a crucial element and diatoms, unicellular phototrophic organisms, evolved efficient strategies to handle limiting phosphorus concentrations in the oceans. In the last decade, several groups investigated the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum concerning phosphate homeostasis mechanisms. Here, we summarize the actual status of knowledge by linking the available data sets, thereby indicating experimental limits but also future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Dell'Aquila
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Philipps Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 8, D-35043Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe G Maier
- SYNMIKRO Research Center, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany
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4
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Dell’Aquila G, Zauner S, Heimerl T, Kahnt J, Samel-Gondesen V, Runge S, Hempel F, Maier UG. Mobilization and Cellular Distribution of Phosphate in the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:579. [PMID: 32582227 PMCID: PMC7283521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unicellular organisms that live in marine environments must cope with considerable fluctuations in the availability of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Here, we investigated the extracellular Pi concentration-dependent expression, as well as the intracellular or extracellular localization, of phosphatases and phosphate transporters of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. We identified Pi-regulated plasma membrane-localized, ER-localized, and secreted phosphatases, in addition to plasma membrane-localized, vacuolar membrane-localized, and plastid-surrounding membrane-localized phosphate transporters that were also regulated in a Pi concentration-dependent manner. These studies not only add further knowledge to already existing transcriptomic data, but also highlight the capacity of the diatom to distribute Pi intracellularly and to mobilize Pi from extracellular and intracellular resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Zauner
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Vera Samel-Gondesen
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Simon Runge
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Uwe G. Maier
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- SYNMIKRO Research Center, Marburg, Germany
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5
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Kumar Sharma A, Mühlroth A, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Alipanah L, Kissen R, Brembu T, Bones AM, Winge P. The Myb-like transcription factor phosphorus starvation response (PtPSR) controls conditional P acquisition and remodelling in marine microalgae. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2380-2395. [PMID: 31598973 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the limiting macronutrients for algal growth in marine environments. Microalgae have developed adaptation mechanisms to P limitation that involve remodelling of internal phosphate resources and accumulation of lipids. Here, we used in silico analyses to identify the P-stress regulator PtPSR (Phaeodactylum tricornutum phosphorus starvation response) in the diatom P. tricornutum. ptpsr mutant lines were generated using gene editing and characterised by various molecular, genetics and biochemical tools. PtPSR belongs to a clade of Myb transcription factors that are conserved in stramenopiles and distantly related to plant P-stress regulators. PtPSR bound specifically to a conserved cis-regulatory element found in the regulatory region of P-stress-induced genes. ptpsr knockout mutants showed reduction in cell growth under P limitation. P-stress responses were impaired in ptpsr mutants compared with wild-type, including reduced induction of P-stress response genes, near to complete loss of alkaline phosphatase activity and reduced phospholipid degradation. We conclude that PtPSR is a key transcription factor influencing P scavenging, phospholipid remodelling and cell growth in adaptation to P stress in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Sharma
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alice Mühlroth
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Leila Alipanah
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ralph Kissen
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tore Brembu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle M Bones
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Winge
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
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Tian-Tian L, Ping H, Jia-Xing L, Zhi-Xin K, Ye-Hui T. Utilization of different dissolved organic phosphorus sources by Symbiodinium voratum in vitro. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95:fiz150. [PMID: 31580458 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the physiological responses of the Symbiodiniumvoratum (clade E) to two types of phosphates having different chemical bonds-phosphoesters (C-O-P bonds) and phosphonates (C-P bonds) to explore Symbiodinium cell growth and the molecular perspective of the P utilization process. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), PhnX, PhoA and PhoX expression was profiled for different P conditions using the RT-qPCR method. In a sterile system, Symbiodinium could decompose phosphoesters, such as ATP and glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P), into dissolved inorganic P (DIP) to supplement inorganic phosphorus but could not directly use phosphoesters for growth. The growth rate and photosynthetic efficiency of zooxanthellae in phosphoester-containing media did not significantly differ from those in the DIP group but were significantly inhibited in medium containing phosphonates such as N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate) and 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid (2-AEP), as well as in DIP-poor medium. The phosphonate group DIP concentration did not change remarkably, indicating that phosphonates can neither be directly used by zooxanthellae nor decomposed into DIP. Our RT-qPCR results support our views that the phosphoesters (C-O-P) had been hydrolyzed outside the cell before being absorbed into the Symbiodinium cell, and implies that PhnX, PhoA and PhoX are perhaps responsible for transporting DIP from medium into cells and for storage of DIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tian-Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISEE, CAS)
| | - Huang Ping
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liu Jia-Xing
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISEE, CAS)
| | - Ke Zhi-Xin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISEE, CAS)
| | - Tan Ye-Hui
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISEE, CAS)
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7
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Girault M, Beneyton T, Pekin D, Buisson L, Bichon S, Charbonnier C, del Amo Y, Baret JC. High-Content Screening of Plankton Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4174-4181. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Girault
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Beneyton
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Deniz Pekin
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Lionel Buisson
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Sabrina Bichon
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Céline Charbonnier
- Laboratoire d’Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5805, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Yolanda del Amo
- Laboratoire d’Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5805, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Baret
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5031, Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33600 Pessac, France
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