1
|
Huong NL, Hang DT, Duong VN, Anh NTH, Hung ND, Cong BT, Thong PM, Duc NM. Magnetic resonance imaging presentation of prostatic stromal sarcoma. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:4457-4463. [PMID: 39185438 PMCID: PMC11342799 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostatic stromal sarcoma (PSS) is a rare malignant tumor that often occurs in young people. Despite the fact that their clinical pathological characteristics are well known, our understanding of the imaging characteristics still seems to be limited. In our search of the literature, PSS articles are mainly present as case reports. In this case series of PSS, we aimed to thoroughly describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, histopathological findings, and distinguishing hallmarks from prostate cancer (PCA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinh Thu Hang
- Department of Radiology, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Ngoc Duong
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Duy Hung
- Department of Radiology, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Tien Cong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Minh Thong
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li YM, Zhu HH, Wang XQ, Shi MZ, ShangGuan CL. Giant mucinous liposarcoma of the abdominal cavity: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39282. [PMID: 39151522 PMCID: PMC11332703 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mucinous liposarcoma myxoid liposarcoma is a malignant mucoid soft tissue tumor derived from undifferentiated stromal cells in perivascular, subbody cavity and intermuscular space, and composed of cells at different stages of differentiation from preadipocytes to mature cells. In rare cases, it may change from lipoma malignancy. The main manifestations is painless mass, relatively slow growth, the course can last decades, the prevalence of liposarcoma in the population is 14% to 18%, mainly in adults, male prevalence is higher than women, but not significant. The main good hair part is the thigh, have mucinous sex, high differentiation type, dedifferentiation type, polymorphic type. Clinical diagnosis is difficult, and there are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, so the diagnosis should be combined with B ultrasound, MRI, CT, and other auxiliary examinations. The gold standard is pathological examination. In December 2023, our department admitted a patient with a mucinous abdominal mass. The report is as follows. PATIENT CONCERNS Does liposarcoma metastasize? Is any chemotherapy required after surgery? Will it ever relapse in the future? What is the survival period after surgery? DIAGNOSIS Mucinous liposarcoma. INTERVENTIONS Surgical resection of the sarcoma. RESULTS The nodule sample was 33 * 28 * 13 cm, with complete capsule, gray and yellow sections, fine texture, soft, gray, red, grayish, and yellow mucoid nodules in some areas, and the maximum diameter of the nodules was 21cm. Immunohistochemistry was: CD34 (+), CDK 4 (+), CK (-), Desmin (weak +), Ki67 (index 5%), MDM 2 (-), p16 (weak +), S-100P (+), Vimentin (+), BCL-2 (+). He was also sent to the Department of Pathology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital for consultation with Professor Lu Zhaohui, whose consultation opinion was in line with myxoliposarcoma. CONCLUSION Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a common retroperitoneal tumor, but it is relatively rare in clinical practice; the overall morbidity is low, mainly manifested as abdominal pain and abdominal distension, abdominal distension, and a long course of disease; it is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and should be closely follow up by CT examination to understand the recurrence and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Li
- The Graduate School, Qinghai University, Xining, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhu
- Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, PR China
| | | | - Meng-Zhen Shi
- The Graduate School, Qinghai University, Xining, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tao J, Ma H, Zeng X. Malignant paraganglioma of the prostate invading the bladder and bilateral seminal vesicles: a case report. BJR Case Rep 2024; 10:uaae024. [PMID: 39027401 PMCID: PMC11254291 DOI: 10.1093/bjrcr/uaae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant paraganglioma (PGL) of the prostate is extremely rare, with only 3 cases reported in the English literature to date. In this article, we present a case of malignant prostatic PGL invading the bladder and bilateral seminal vesicles, in which the patient had a history of long-term haematuria and normal serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, and was misdiagnosed as a bladder tumour invading the prostate preoperatively. As this case belongs to functional tumour, there is a risk of developing hypertensive crisis during diagnostic biopsy or radical resection. The CT manifestations of prostatic PGL are characteristic, but its imaging features are rarely described due to the rarity of the tumour site. Meanwhile, improving the comprehensive understanding of CT, MRI, functional imaging, and clinical features of prostate PGL is conducive to make the correct diagnosis before surgery and ensure the safety of surgical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tao
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Xianchun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bettaieb O, Keskes A, Llacer Moscardo C. Leiomyosarcoma of the Prostate: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Oncol 2024; 17:454-462. [PMID: 38455715 PMCID: PMC10919910 DOI: 10.1159/000535425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the prostate is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor that presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms. Treatment guidelines are not yet established. Case Presentation We report two cases of LMS of the prostate. The presenting symptom was hematuria, and diagnosis was ascertained through a transurethral resection of the prostate for the 2 patients. The treatment course consisted of three courses of chemotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel, radical prostatectomy, and postoperative radiation therapy for the first patient and three courses of gemcitabine and radiation therapy of the prostate and the whole pelvis for the second patient. The follow-up of our 2 patients was 9 and 12 months, respectively. Recurrence occurred 10 months after treatment completion for the second case. No recurrence was noticed in the first case. Conclusion These two cases highlight the importance of a multimodal approach to yield the best outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ons Bettaieb
- Radiation Oncology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Keskes
- Montpellier Cancer Institute, Federation of Radiation Oncology of Mediterranean Occitanie, University Montpellier, INSERM U1194 IRCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen Llacer Moscardo
- Montpellier Cancer Institute, Federation of Radiation Oncology of Mediterranean Occitanie, University Montpellier, INSERM U1194 IRCM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Phuong VT, My Hanh BT, Hang NT, Thanh TD, Lieu DQ, Duc NM. Prostatic stromal sarcoma: A case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:2918-2923. [PMID: 37383176 PMCID: PMC10293587 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal sarcoma of the prostate is extremely rare. In this article, we report the case of a 43-year-old male admitted to the local hospital due to dysuria. Although the pathological findings from transurethral prostatic resection showed low-grade stromal sarcoma, the surgical specimen after radical prostatectomy revealed high-grade sarcoma with hypercellularity, marked atypical spindle cells, and high mitotic activity. This case study and literature analysis aim to emphasize its rarity and raise awareness about clinical and pathological diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vu-Thi Phuong
- Department of Laboratory, Pathology Division, Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui-Thi My Hanh
- Department of Pathology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen-Thi Hang
- Department of Laboratory, Pathology Division, Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duy Thanh
- Department of Anatomic Pathology- Cytology and Forensic Medicine, Vietnam- Germany Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dau Quang Lieu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, 2 Duong Quang Trung Ward 12 District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Detection of relatively poor but definitive blood supply in prostate stromal sarcoma using transrectal ultrasonography with superb microvascular imaging. Int Cancer Conf J 2022; 11:215-218. [PMID: 35669901 PMCID: PMC9163276 DOI: 10.1007/s13691-022-00552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 23-year-old man presented with complaints of macrohematuria and hematospermia and was referred to our hospital for further examination. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a round 30 × 25 mm tumor in the right peripheral zone; hence, a rare prostate tumor was suspected. Grayscale transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was performed using the Aplio-i800 PVL-715RST-transducer and revealed a well-defined round tumor. Although regular color Doppler flow imaging could not detect internal blood flow, superb microvascular imaging (SMI) identified the low-velocity blood flow in the tumor. Based on the results of a TRUS-guided targeted biopsy assisted by SMI, the patient was diagnosed with stromal sarcoma. He underwent total pelvic exenteration with construction of ileal conduit and colostomy, the tumor was finally diagnosed as prostate stromal sarcoma (PSS). Since PSS is a rare malignant prostate tumor, reports on the characteristic findings in imaging tests are scarce. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first case in which a poor internal blood flow was detected in PSS, but not through regular color Doppler flow imaging. SMI revealed that the blood flow signal to the PSS was relatively poor; however, its definite presence was confirmed, suggesting a malignant disease with relatively poor blood supply and the findings of SMI would assist the adequate targeted biopsy-sampling from the presence site of viable cells with the blood supply.
Collapse
|
7
|
Marcal LP, Surabhi VR, Ramani NS, Katabathina VS, Paspulati RM, Prasad SR. Mesenchymal Neoplasms of the Prostate and Seminal Vesicles: Spectrum of Disease with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics 2022; 42:417-432. [PMID: 35030067 DOI: 10.1148/rg.210084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a wide spectrum of benign and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of the prostate, which account for less than 1% of all prostatic tumors. These include distinctive tumors that arise from the specialized prostatic stroma and site-agnostic neoplasms such as smooth muscle tumors, fibrous or myofibroblastic neoplasms, neurogenic tumors, vascular tumors, and a plethora of sarcomas. Select tumors show classic sites of origin within the prostate. While stromal tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMPs) commonly involve the peripheral zone at the prostate base, leiomyomas typically originate from the central prostate toward the apex. Some "prostatic" neoplasms such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors, solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), paragangliomas, and neurogenic tumors arise primarily from periprostatic soft tissues. Most mesenchymal tumors of the prostate and seminal vesicles manifest as large tumors that cause nonspecific symptoms; prostate-specific antigen level is not typically elevated. Diverse mesenchymal neoplasms demonstrate characteristic histopathologic and immunocytochemical features and variable cross-sectional imaging findings. While leiomyoma and SFT typically display low signal intensity on T2-weighted images, synovial sarcomas commonly show hemorrhage. Diagnosis is difficult because of the rarity and lack of awareness of the tumors and the significant overlap in histopathologic features. Select tumors show characteristic genetic abnormalities that allow the diagnosis to be established. For example, more than 90% of SFTs are characterized by a unique NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion, and more than 95% of synovial sarcomas are associated with a distinctive SYT-SSX chimeric transcript. Accurate diagnosis is imperative for optimal management owing to markedly different tumor biology as well as attendant therapeutic and prognostic implications. While STUMPs commonly recur, sarcomas typically charter an aggressive course with poor prognosis. Online supplemental material is available for this article. ©RSNA, 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo P Marcal
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| | - Venkateswar R Surabhi
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| | - Nisha S Ramani
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| | - Venkata S Katabathina
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| | - Raj M Paspulati
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| | - Srinivasa R Prasad
- From the Department of Abdominal Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4009 (L.P.M., V.R.S., S.R.P.); Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Tex (N.S.R.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex (V.S.K.); and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (R.M.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Semen as a rich source of diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer: latest evidence and implications. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 477:213-223. [PMID: 34655417 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men and the cause of numerous cancer deaths in the world. Nowadays, based on diagnostic criteria, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) evaluation and rectal examination are used to diagnose prostate-related malignancies. However, due to the different types of PCa, there are several doubts about the diagnostic value of PSA. On the other hand, semen is considered an appropriate source and contains various biomarkers in non-invasive diagnosing several autoimmune disorders and malignancies. Evidence suggests that analysis of semen biomarkers could be helpful in PCa diagnosis. Therefore, due to the invasiveness of most diagnostic methods in PCa, the use of semen as a biologic sample containing various biomarkers can lead to the emergence of novel and non-invasive diagnostic approaches. This review summarized recent studies on the use of various seminal biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of PCa.
Collapse
|
9
|
Han C, Zhu L, Liu X, Ma S, Liu Y, Wang X. Differential diagnosis of uncommon prostate diseases: combining mpMRI and clinical information. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:79. [PMID: 34132898 PMCID: PMC8208342 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The differential diagnosis of abnormalities in the prostate is broad, covering common (acinar adenocarcinoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis, hemorrhage, cysts, calcifications, atrophy and fibrosis) and less common conditions (tumors other than acinar adenocarcinoma, granulomatous prostatitis containing tuberculosis, abscesses and other conditions, and idiopathic disorders such as amyloidosis and exophytic benign prostatic hyperplasia). Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate gland and imaging guidelines, such as the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1), have dramatically improved the ability to distinguish common abnormalities, especially the ability to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Overlap can exist in the clinical history and imaging features associated with various common/uncommon prostate abnormalities, and biopsy is often required but is invasive. Prostate abnormalities can be divided into two categories: category 1, diseases for which PI-RADS scores are suitable for use, and category 2, diseases for which PI-RADS scores are unsuitable for use. Radiologists must have an intimate knowledge of other diseases, especially uncommon conditions. Past relevant history, symptoms, age, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, MRI manifestations, and the applicability of the PI-RADS assessment should be considered when diagnosing prostate abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road, ZhengzhouHenan Province, 450052, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu G, Sun R, Hong H, Wang Y, Li J, Liu Q, Sun A. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis of prostatic sarcoma: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24038. [PMID: 33466151 PMCID: PMC7808539 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Prostatic sarcoma (PS) is a very rare malignant tumor that accounts for <0.1% of prostate malignancies, and Ewing's sarcoma is an extremely rare form of PS. PATIENT CONCERNS We reported on a 64-year-old patient with PS and a 36-year-old patient with Ewing's sarcoma, both of whom were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) before surgery. DIAGNOSES The 2 cases were proven to be prostatic stromal sarcoma, which was confirmed by imaging manifestations and histopathological findings. INTERVENTIONS The 64-year-old patient underwent radical prostatectomy, and the 36-year-old patient underwent chemotherapy combined with local radiotherapy. OUTCOMES PS showed diffuse enlargement of the prostate on sonography, and the necrotic liquefying area within the large vessels could be clearly displayed by CEUS. CEUS can be advocated as a valuable noninvasive and safe imaging diagnosis method for PS.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nepal P, Nagar A, Tirumani SH, Ojili V. Imaging of non-epithelial neoplasms of the prostate. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:4117-4132. [PMID: 32964275 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to review the spectrum of rare non-epithelial tumors of the prostate. This focused article will help the readers to understand the imaging findings of such rare entities attributed to their clinicopathological features. Radiologists must be familiar with the spectrum of non-epithelial tumors of the prostate, which helps to suggest alternate diagnosis other than adenocarcinoma, when imaging features are atypical. This is important because these tumors have different management approaches and prognoses when compared to adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Nepal
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT, USA
| | - Arpit Nagar
- Department of Radiology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sree Harsha Tirumani
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vijayanadh Ojili
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim J, Yassein A, Blankstein U, Bonert M, Kapoor A. Images - Rare diagnosis of high-grade, undifferentiated pelvic sarcoma for urinary dysfunction in a young man. Can Urol Assoc J 2020; 15:E192-E194. [PMID: 32807281 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.6703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Kim
- McMaster Institute of Urology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Michael Bonert
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- McMaster Institute of Urology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alves LJ, Gameiro CD, Lopes SP, Ascensão JDB, Sousa RC. Prostate Leiomyosarcoma: A Rare Misleading Tumor. Urology 2019; 130:13-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
14
|
Feng ZY, Min XD, Wang L, Li BS, Ke Z, Zhang PP, Kang Z. MRI feature analysis of uncommon prostatic malignant tumors. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:313-315. [PMID: 28566559 PMCID: PMC5952491 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_12_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Feng
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiang-De Min
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liang Wang
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ba-Sen Li
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zan Ke
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pei-Pei Zhang
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hung SW, Lin YT, Liu MC. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_57_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
16
|
Mittal PK, Camacho JC, Sahani DV, Kalb B, Harri PA, Master V, Kokabi N, Hartman M, Kitajima HD, Moreno CC. Hematospermia Evaluation at MR Imaging. Radiographics 2016; 36:1373-89. [PMID: 27517360 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2016150195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hematospermia is a challenging and anxiety-provoking condition that can manifest as a single episode or recur over the course of weeks to months. It is usually a benign self-limiting condition in younger sexually active males without a history of risk factors such as cancer, urogenital malformations, bleeding disorders, and their associated symptoms. However, patients with recurrent, refractory and painful hematospermia with associated symptoms, such as fever, pain, or weight loss, require evaluation through clinical assessment and noninvasive investigations to rule out underlying pathologic conditions such as ejaculatory obstruction, infectious and inflammatory causes, malignancy, vascular malformations, and systemic disorders that increase the risk of bleeding, especially when presenting in older men. If these investigations are negative, the patient should be reassured and treated accordingly. In the recent past, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has assumed a major role in the investigation of hematospermia due to its excellent soft-tissue contrast and multiplanar capabilities. In this review, we will discuss the potential causes of hematospermia and its diagnostic workup, including pathophysiology, anatomic considerations, the imaging appearance of associated pathologic conditions, and management. (©)RSNA, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep K Mittal
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Juan C Camacho
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Dushyant V Sahani
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Bobby Kalb
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Peter A Harri
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Viraj Master
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Nima Kokabi
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Matthew Hartman
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Hiroumi D Kitajima
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| | - Courtney C Moreno
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (P.K.M., J.C.C., P.A.H., N.K., H.D.K., C.C.M.) and Department of Urology (V.M.), Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.V.S.); Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz (B.K.); and Department of Radiology, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Y, Mongan J, Behr SC, Sud S, Coakley FV, Simko J, Westphalen AC. Beyond Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Expanding the Differential Diagnosis in Prostate Pathologic Conditions. Radiographics 2016; 36:1055-75. [PMID: 27315446 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2016150226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the prostate gland have dramatically improved the ability to detect and stage adenocarcinoma of the prostate, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men and one of the most frequently diagnosed pathologic conditions of the prostate gland. A wide variety of nonadenocarcinoma diseases can also be seen with MR imaging, ranging from benign to malignant diseases, as well as infectious and inflammatory manifestations. Many of these diseases have distinctive imaging features that allow differentiation from prostate acinar adenocarcinoma. Early recognition of these entities produces a more accurate differential diagnosis and may enable more expeditious clinical workup. Benign neoplasms of the prostate include plexiform neurofibroma and cystadenoma, both of which demonstrate distinctive imaging features. Stromal neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential are rare tumors of uncertain malignant potential that are often difficult to distinguish at imaging from more-malignant prostate sarcomas. Other malignant neoplasms of the prostate include urothelial carcinoma, primary prostatic carcinoid, carcinosarcoma, endometrioid or ductal adenocarcinoma, and mucinous adenocarcinoma. Prostatic infections can lead to abscesses of pyogenic, tuberculous, or fungal origins. Finally, miscellaneous idiopathic disorders of the prostate include amyloidosis, exophytic benign prostatic hyperplasia, and various congenital cysts. Considerable overlap can exist in the clinical history and imaging findings associated with these prostate pathologic conditions, and biopsy is often required for ultimate confirmation of the diagnosis. However, many diagnoses, including cystadenoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and abscesses, have distinct imaging features, which can enable the informed radiologist to identify the diagnosis and recommend appropriate clinical workup and management. (©)RSNA, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - John Mongan
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - Spencer C Behr
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - Seema Sud
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - Fergus V Coakley
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - Jeffry Simko
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| | - Antonio C Westphalen
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (Y.L., J.M., S.C.B., A.C.W.) and Department of Pathology (J.S.), University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628; Department of Radiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India (S.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (F.V.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pirimoglu B, Vining DJ. CT Imaging Findings of Metastatic Spindle Cell Sarcoma of Prostate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Eurasian J Med 2015; 47:145-50. [PMID: 26180501 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2014.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas of the prostate are rare tumors. Imaging plays an important role in the management and diagnosis of patients with prostate sarcomas. Their clinic-pathologic features are well described, but the imaging features of these tumors have rarely been documented in the literature and have appeared mainly as case reports. Herein, we present a rare case of metastatic spindle cell sarcoma of prostate with computed tomography imaging findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berhan Pirimoglu
- Department of Radiology, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey ; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Univesity of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA
| | - David J Vining
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Univesity of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen J, Chen X, Wang Y, Chen H, Wang Z. Imaging Findings and Histologic Appearances of Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma in the Prostate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2014; 13:e315-e319. [PMID: 25604914 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|