1
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Younis D, Gordon DF, Hafizi B. Spin-Polarization Control of Photoelectrons Using Poincaré Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:043201. [PMID: 39121425 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.043201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Efficient helicity transfer from Poincaré fields to electrons of hydrogenic ions is revealed for the first time by four-dimensional relativistic simulations. The magnetic multipole class of Poincaré fields is chosen due to its fundamental role in light-matter spin coupling, and the calculation is demonstrated for Ne^{9+} ion irradiated by single and multimode x-ray pulses. Photoelectrons of both helicities emerge synchronously from the ion ensemble, and their directionality is controllable through the radiation mode numbers. The helicity density distributions display novel structures composed of jets, spirals, and rings, among others, that are unique to the combination of atomic and field parameters. Our approach to generate spin-polarized leptons using Poincaré fields may provide a new platform for helicity characterization based on advanced numerical capabilities.
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2
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Richter M, Morales F, Patchkovskii S, Husakou A. Simulation of spatiotemporal light dynamics based on the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:39941-39952. [PMID: 38041306 DOI: 10.1364/oe.499406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We establish a first-principle model for the simulation of spatiotemporal light pulse dynamics based on the combination of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the unidirectional propagation equation. The proposed numerical scheme enables computationally efficient simulation while being stable and accurate. We use the new model to examine self-focusing of a short pulse in atomic hydrogen and show that an accurate description of the excited-levels dynamics can only be achieved by a propagation model with an ab-initio description of the light-matter interaction, which accounts for the laser-dressed multilevel structure of the system, including bound and free states, and its sub-cycle response.
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3
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Heldt T, Dubois J, Birk P, Borisova GD, Lando GM, Ott C, Pfeifer T. Attosecond Real-Time Observation of Recolliding Electron Trajectories in Helium at Low Laser Intensities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:183201. [PMID: 37204888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.183201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Laser-driven recollision physics is typically accessible only at field intensities high enough for tunnel ionization. Using an extreme ultraviolet pulse for ionization and a near-infrared (NIR) pulse for driving of the electron wave packet lifts this limitation. This allows us to study recollisions for a broad range of NIR intensities with transient absorption spectroscopy, making use of the reconstruction of the time-dependent dipole moment. Comparing recollision dynamics with linear vs circular NIR polarization, we find a parameter space, where the latter favors recollisions, providing evidence for the so far only theoretically predicted recolliding periodic orbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heldt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Birk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gergana D Borisova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriel M Lando
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Ott
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Schürger P, Renziehausen K, Schaupp T, Barth I, Engel V. Time-Dependent Expectation Values from Integral Equations for Quantum Flux and Probability Densities. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8964-8975. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Schürger
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - K. Renziehausen
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Theory Department, Max-Planck-Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - T. Schaupp
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - I. Barth
- Theory Department, Max-Planck-Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - V. Engel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Kato T, Saito S. Kohn–Sham
potentials by an inverse
Kohn–Sham
equation and accuracy assessment by virial theorem. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kato
- Department of Chemistry School of Science, The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki Japan
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6
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Schaupp T, Engel V. Quantum flux densities for electronic-nuclear motion: exact versus Born-Oppenheimer dynamics. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2022; 380:20200385. [PMID: 35341310 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the coupled electronic-nuclear dynamics in a model system to compare numerically exact calculations of electronic and nuclear flux densities with those obtained from the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. Within the adiabatic expansion of the total wave function, we identify the terms which contribute to the flux densities. It is found that only off-diagonal elements that involve the interaction between different electronic states contribute to the electronic flux whereas in the nuclear case the major contribution belongs to the BO electronic state. New flux densities are introduced where in both, the electronic and the nuclear case, the main contribution is contained in the component corresponding to the BO state. As a consequence, they can be determined within the BO approximation, and an excellent agreement with the exact results is found. This article is part of the theme issue 'Chemistry without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaupp
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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7
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Zhou J, Wang X. Classical multielectron model atoms with optimized ionization energies. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:16802-16811. [PMID: 36221515 DOI: 10.1364/oe.457634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method to build stable classical multielectron model atoms with the ionization energies optimized to experimental values. Based on the work of Kirschbaum and Wilets [Phys. Rev. A21, 834 (1980)10.1103/PhysRevA.21.834], which introduces auxiliary potentials to simulate quantum mechanical effects, we implement a genetic algorithm to optimize the related parameters such that the model atoms yield correct (first few) ionization energies. Ionization-energy optimized model atoms automatically show separated electron shells, consistent to normal expectations. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the importance of correct ionization energies, as well as new perspectives to double ionization processes.
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8
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Schaupp T, Engel V. Correlated three-dimensional electron-nuclear motion: Adiabatic dynamics vs passage of conical intersections. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:074302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaupp
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Albareda G, Lively K, Sato SA, Kelly A, Rubio A. Conditional Wave Function Theory: A Unified Treatment of Molecular Structure and Nonadiabatic Dynamics. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7321-7340. [PMID: 34752108 PMCID: PMC8675140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a conditional wave function theory enables a unified and efficient treatment of the equilibrium structure and nonadiabatic dynamics of correlated electron-ion systems. The conditional decomposition of the many-body wave function formally recasts the full interacting wave function of a closed system as a set of lower-dimensional (conditional) coupled "slices". We formulate a variational wave function ansatz based on a set of conditional wave function slices and demonstrate its accuracy by determining the structural and time-dependent response properties of the hydrogen molecule. We then extend this approach to include time-dependent conditional wave functions and address paradigmatic nonequilibrium processes including strong-field molecular ionization, laser-driven proton transfer, and nuclear quantum effects induced by a conical intersection. This work paves the road for the application of conditional wave function theory in equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium ab initio molecular simulations of finite and extended systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Albareda
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility
(ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco
(UPV/EHU), Av. Tolosa
72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Institute
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Lively
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The
Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University
of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shunsuke A. Sato
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center
for Computational Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Aaron Kelly
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The
Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University
of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Angel Rubio
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility
(ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco
(UPV/EHU), Av. Tolosa
72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The
Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University
of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United
States
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10
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Bag S, Chandra S, Ghosh J, Bera A, Bernstein ER, Bhattacharya A. The attochemistry of chemical bonding. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2021.1976499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sampad Bag
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Sankhabrata Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Jayanta Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Anupam Bera
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Atanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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11
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Morales F, Richter M, Olvo V, Husakou A. Propagator operator for pulse propagation in resonant media. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:29128-29137. [PMID: 34615029 DOI: 10.1364/oe.435012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show that, for the case of resonant media, the available models for unidirectional propagation of short pulses can face serious challenges with respect to numerical efficiency, accuracy, or numerical artifacts. We propose an alternative approach based on a propagator operator defined in the time domain. This approach enables precise simulations using short time windows even for resonant media and facilitates coupling of the propagation equation with first-principle methods such as the time-dependent Schödinger equation. Additionally, we develop a numerically efficient recipe to construct and apply such a propagator operator.
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12
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Bag S, Chandra S, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya A. On the Analysis of High Harmonic Generation Spectra of Atoms and Molecules Using Molecular Electrostatic Potential. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3689-3695. [PMID: 33885301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the factors that limits the application of the single active electron (SAE) formalism to simulate the high harmonic generation (HHG) spectra of atoms and molecules using the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) is the unknown model effective one-dimensional potential energy (V(x)) curve for the SAE. In the present contribution, we show that V(x) can be constructed from the one-dimensional molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of the respective cation to access theoretical HHG spectra not only for simple atoms but also for multielectron complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampad Bag
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sankhabrata Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Souvick Chakraborty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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13
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Woźniak AP, Lesiuk M, Przybytek M, Efimov DK, Prauzner-Bechcicki JS, Mandrysz M, Ciappina M, Pisanty E, Zakrzewski J, Lewenstein M, Moszyński R. A systematic construction of Gaussian basis sets for the description of laser field ionization and high-harmonic generation. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:094111. [PMID: 33685145 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A precise understanding of mechanisms governing the dynamics of electrons in atoms and molecules subjected to intense laser fields has a key importance for the description of attosecond processes such as the high-harmonic generation and ionization. From the theoretical point of view, this is still a challenging task, as new approaches to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with both good accuracy and efficiency are still emerging. Until recently, the purely numerical methods of real-time propagation of the wavefunction using finite grids have been frequently and successfully used to capture the electron dynamics in small one- or two-electron systems. However, as the main focus of attoscience shifts toward many-electron systems, such techniques are no longer effective and need to be replaced by more approximate but computationally efficient ones. In this paper, we explore the increasingly popular method of expanding the wavefunction of the examined system into a linear combination of atomic orbitals and present a novel systematic scheme for constructing an optimal Gaussian basis set suitable for the description of excited and continuum atomic or molecular states. We analyze the performance of the proposed basis sets by carrying out a series of time-dependent configuration interaction calculations for the hydrogen atom in fields of intensity varying from 5 × 1013 W/cm2 to 5 × 1014 W/cm2. We also compare the results with the data obtained using Gaussian basis sets proposed previously by other authors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Lesiuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Przybytek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dmitry K Efimov
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub S Prauzner-Bechcicki
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Mandrysz
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcelo Ciappina
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Pisanty
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jakub Zakrzewski
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Lewenstein
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Moszyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Schaupp T, Renziehausen K, Barth I, Engel V. Time-dependent momentum expectation values from different quantum probability and flux densities. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:064307. [PMID: 33588545 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the Ehrenfest theorem, the time-dependent expectation value of a momentum operator can be evaluated equivalently in two ways. The integrals appearing in the expressions are taken over two different functions. In one case, the integrand is the quantum mechanical flux density j̲, and in the other, a different quantity j̲̃ appears, which also has the units of a flux density. The quantum flux density j̲ is related to the probability density ρ via the continuity equation, and j̲̃ may as well be used to define a density ρ̃ that fulfills a continuity equation. Employing a model for the coupled dynamics of an electron and a proton, we document the properties of the densities and flux densities. It is shown that although the mean momentum derived from the two quantities is identical, the various functions exhibit a very different coordinate and time-dependence. In particular, it is found that the flux density j̲̃ directly monitors temporal changes in the probability density, and the density ρ̃ carries information about wave packet dispersion occurring in different spatial directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaupp
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzberg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Renziehausen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ingo Barth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzberg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Carrasco S, Rogan J, Valdivia JA, Sola IR. Anti-alignment driven dynamics in the excited states of molecules under strong fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1936-1942. [PMID: 33459314 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05692h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We develop two novel models of the H2+ molecule and its isotopes from which we assess quantum-mechanically and semi-classically whether the molecule anti-aligns with the field in the first excited electronic state. The results from both models allow us to predict anti-alignment dynamics even for the HD+ isotope, which possesses a permanent dipole moment. The molecule dissociates at angles perpendicular to the field polarization in both the excited and the ground electronic state, as the population is exchanged through a conical intersection. The quantum mechanical dispersion of the initial state is sufficient to cause full dissociation. We conclude that the stabilization of these molecules in the excited state through bond-hardening under a strong field is highly unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Carrasco
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, 7800024, Santiago, Chile.
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16
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Dubois J, Chandre C, Uzer T. Nonadiabatic effects in the double ionization of atoms driven by a circularly polarized laser pulse. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:032218. [PMID: 33075872 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.032218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study the double ionization of atoms subjected to circularly polarized (CP) laser pulses. We analyze two fundamental ionization processes: the sequential (SDI) and nonsequential (NSDI) double ionization in the light of the rotating frame (RF) which naturally embeds nonadiabatic effects in CP pulses. We use and compare two adiabatic approximations: The adiabatic approximation in the laboratory frame (LF) and the adiabatic approximation in the RF. The adiabatic approximation in the RF encapsulates the energy variations of the electrons on subcycle timescales happening in the LF and this, by fully taking into account the ion-electron interaction. This allows us to identify two nonadiabatic effects including the lowering of the threshold intensity at which over-the-barrier ionization happens and the lowering of the ionization time of the electrons. As a consequence, these nonadiabatic effects facilitate over-the-barrier ionization and recollision-induced ionizations. We analyze the outcomes of these nonadiabatic effects on the recollision mechanism. We show that the laser envelope plays an instrumental role in a recollision channel in CP pulses at the heart of NSDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dubois
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille 13009, France.,Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - C Chandre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille 13009, France
| | - T Uzer
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
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17
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Dubois J, Chandre C, Uzer T. Envelope-Driven Recollisions Triggered by an Elliptically Polarized Pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:253203. [PMID: 32639777 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.253203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing ellipticity usually suppresses the recollision probability drastically. In contrast, we report on a recollision channel with large return energy and a substantial probability, regardless of the ellipticity. The laser envelope plays a dominant role in the energy gained by the electron, and in the conditions under which the electron comes back to the core. We show that this recollision channel efficiently triggers various nonlinear and nonperturbative phenomena-such as multiple ionization-with an elliptically polarized pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dubois
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille, France
| | - C Chandre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille, France
| | - T Uzer
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
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18
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Pálffy A, Popruzhenko SV. Can Extreme Electromagnetic Fields Accelerate the α Decay of Nuclei? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:212505. [PMID: 32530684 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.212505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The possibility to control the α decay channel of atomic nuclei with electromagnetic fields of extreme intensities envisaged for the near future at multipetawatt and exawatt laser facilities is investigated theoretically. Using both analytic arguments based on the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation and numerical calculations for the imaginary time method applied in the framework of the α decay precluster model, we show that no experimentally detectable modification of the α decay rate can be observed with super-intense lasers at any so-far-available wavelength. Comparing our predictions with those reported in several recent publications, where a considerable or even giant laser-induced enhancement of the decay rate has been claimed, we identify there the misuse of a standard approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pálffy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergey V Popruzhenko
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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19
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Li J, Li L, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Huang T, Lan P, Lu P. Channel-closing effects of electronic excitation in solids. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:37224-37235. [PMID: 31878506 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.037224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the electronic excitation of solids in strong fields by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The excitation probability exhibits a strong modulation as a function of laser intensity when the initial states fill in the whole valence band. To have a clear insight into the modulation, we further study the electronic excitation from a single eigenstate in solids. A series of resonance-like enhancements of excitation probability are produced by changing the laser intensity and wavelength. We attribute the resonance-like enhancements to the channel-closing effects in solids. It is shown that the excitation probability exhibits enhancements when the value of channel is odd for intracycle interference and an integer for intercycle interference. This is different from the atom that the enhancement occur in the integer channels. We also reveal that the channel-closing effects can be observed by solid high-order harmonic generation.
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20
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Chang BY, Shin S, González-Vázquez J, Martín F, Malinovsky VS, Sola IR. Control defeasance by anti-alignment in the excited state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23620-23625. [PMID: 31624812 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04427b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We predict anti-alignment dynamics in the excited state of H2+ or related homonuclear dimers in the presence of a strong field. This effect is a general indirect outcome of the strong transition dipole and large polarizabilities typically used to control or to induce alignment in the ground state. In the excited state, however, the polarizabilities have the opposite sign compared to those in the ground state, generating a torque that aligns the molecule perpendicular to the field, deeming any laser-control strategy impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Y Chang
- School of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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21
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Amini K, Biegert J, Calegari F, Chacón A, Ciappina MF, Dauphin A, Efimov DK, Figueira de Morisson Faria C, Giergiel K, Gniewek P, Landsman AS, Lesiuk M, Mandrysz M, Maxwell AS, Moszyński R, Ortmann L, Antonio Pérez-Hernández J, Picón A, Pisanty E, Prauzner-Bechcicki J, Sacha K, Suárez N, Zaïr A, Zakrzewski J, Lewenstein M. Symphony on strong field approximation. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:116001. [PMID: 31226696 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab2bb1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper has been prepared by the Symphony collaboration (University of Warsaw, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, DESY/CNR and ICFO) on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the 'simple man's models' which underlie most of the phenomena that occur when intense ultrashort laser pulses interact with matter. The phenomena in question include high-harmonic generation (HHG), above-threshold ionization (ATI), and non-sequential multielectron ionization (NSMI). 'Simple man's models' provide both an intuitive basis for understanding the numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the motivation for the powerful analytic approximations generally known as the strong field approximation (SFA). In this paper we first review the SFA in the form developed by us in the last 25 years. In this approach the SFA is a method to solve the TDSE, in which the non-perturbative interactions are described by including continuum-continuum interactions in a systematic perturbation-like theory. In this review we focus on recent applications of the SFA to HHG, ATI and NSMI from multi-electron atoms and from multi-atom molecules. The main novel part of the presented theory concerns generalizations of the SFA to: (i) time-dependent treatment of two-electron atoms, allowing for studies of an interplay between electron impact ionization and resonant excitation with subsequent ionization; (ii) time-dependent treatment in the single active electron approximation of 'large' molecules and targets which are themselves undergoing dynamics during the HHG or ATI processes. In particular, we formulate the general expressions for the case of arbitrary molecules, combining input from quantum chemistry and quantum dynamics. We formulate also theory of time-dependent separable molecular potentials to model analytically the dynamics of realistic electronic wave packets for molecules in strong laser fields. We dedicate this work to the memory of Bertrand Carré, who passed away in March 2018 at the age of 60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Amini
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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22
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Schaupp T, Engel V. Electronic and nuclear flux dynamics at a conical intersection. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:084309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5111922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaupp
- Universität Würzburg Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Universität Würzburg Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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23
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Chang BY, Shin S, Malinovsky VS, Sola IR. Grid-Based Ehrenfest Model To Study Electron-Nuclear Processes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7171-7176. [PMID: 31314529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The two-dimensional electron-nuclear Schrödinger equation using soft-core Coulomb potentials has been a cornerstone for modeling and predicting the behavior of one-active-electron diatomic molecules, particularly for processes where both bound and continuum states are important. The model, however, is computationally expensive to extend to more electron or nuclear coordinates. Here we propose use of the Ehrenfest approach to treat the nuclear motion, while the electronic motion is still solved by quantum propagation on a grid. In this work, we present results for a one-dimensional treatment of H2+, where the quantum and semiclassical dynamics can be directly compared, showing remarkably good agreement for a variety of situations. The advantage of the Ehrenfest approach is that it can be easily extended to treat as many nuclear degrees of freedom as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Y Chang
- School of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seokmin Shin
- School of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ignacio R Sola
- Departamento de Química Física , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain
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24
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Xu L, Fu L. Multichannel Interference in Resonancelike Enhancement of High-Order Above-Threshold Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:253202. [PMID: 31347865 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.253202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The intensity-dependent resonancelike enhancement phenomenon in the high-order above-threshold ionization spectrum is a typical quantum effect for atoms or molecules in an intense laser field, which has not been well understood. The calculations of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) are in remarkable agreement with the experimental data, but they cannot clarify the contributions of the bound states. The semiclassical approach of strong field approximation, in which no excited states are involved, can obtain a similar phenomenon, but the laser intensities of enhanced regions predicted by the strong field approximation are inconsistent with the results of the TDSE. In this Letter, a new fully quantum model is established from the TDSE without any excited states. Two types of enhanced structures, unimodal and multimodal structures, are found in the results of the TDSE and model. In addition, the calculations of the model reproduce the key features of the results of the TDSE. It shows that the excited states are not the key factor in the resonancelike enhancements in our calculated system, since there are no excited states in our model. Based on the calculations of our model, we show that such resonancelike enhancements are caused by the constructive interference of different momentum transfer channels. Last, the Fano-like line shapes are also discussed for the features of multichannel interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Libin Fu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
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25
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Schaupp T, Engel V. On the calculation of time-dependent electron momenta within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:164110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5092562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaupp
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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26
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Dubois J, Berman SA, Chandre C, Uzer T. Capturing Photoelectron Motion with Guiding Centers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:113202. [PMID: 30265122 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron motion in combined strong laser and Coulomb fields is central to laser-matter interactions. By mapping this problem onto the motion of a guiding center, we derive a reduced model which naturally embeds important Coulomb effects such as focusing and asymmetry, and clearly distinguishes direct versus rescattered electron ionization processes. We demonstrate the power of this tool by unraveling the bifurcation in photoelectron momentum distributions seen in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dubois
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille, France
| | - S A Berman
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille, France
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
| | - C Chandre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, Marseille, France
| | - T Uzer
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
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27
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Tunneling induced electron transfer between separated protons. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Suzuki Y, Lacombe L, Watanabe K, Maitra NT. Exact Time-Dependent Exchange-Correlation Potential in Electron Scattering Processes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:263401. [PMID: 29328727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.263401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We identify peak and valley structures in the exact exchange-correlation potential of time-dependent density functional theory that are crucial for time-resolved electron scattering in a model one-dimensional system. These structures are completely missed by adiabatic approximations that, consequently, significantly underestimate the scattering probability. A recently proposed nonadiabatic approximation is shown to correctly capture the approach of the electron to the target when the initial Kohn-Sham state is chosen judiciously, and it is more accurate than standard adiabatic functionals but ultimately fails to accurately capture reflection. These results may explain the underestimation of scattering probabilities in some recent studies on molecules and surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumitsu Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Lionel Lacombe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Watanabe
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Neepa T Maitra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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29
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Siek F, Neb S, Bartz P, Hensen M, Strüber C, Fiechter S, Torrent-Sucarrat M, Silkin VM, Krasovskii EE, Kabachnik NM, Fritzsche S, Muiño RD, Echenique PM, Kazansky AK, Müller N, Pfeiffer W, Heinzmann U. Angular momentum–induced delays in solid-state photoemission enhanced by intra-atomic interactions. Science 2017; 357:1274-1277. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aam9598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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30
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Tian J, Wang X, Eberly JH. Numerical Detector Theory for the Longitudinal Momentum Distribution of the Electron in Strong Field Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:213201. [PMID: 28598667 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.213201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The lack of analytical solutions for the exit momentum in the laser-driven tunneling theory is a well-recognized problem in strong field physics. Theoretical studies of electron momentum distributions in the neighborhood of the tunneling exit depend heavily on ad hoc assumptions. In this Letter, we apply a new numerical method to study the exiting electron's longitudinal momentum distribution under intense short-pulse laser excitation. We present the first realizations of the dynamic behavior of an electron near the so-called tunneling exit region without adopting a tunneling approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Tian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
| | - J H Eberly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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31
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Antoine X, Lorin E, Tang Q. A friendly review of absorbing boundary conditions and perfectly matched layers for classical and relativistic quantum waves equations. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1290834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Antoine
- Institut Elie Cartan de Lorraine, Université de Lorraine , Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - E. Lorin
- Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Q. Tang
- Institut Elie Cartan de Lorraine, Université de Lorraine , Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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32
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Khosravi E, Abedi A, Rubio A, Maitra NT. Electronic non-adiabatic dynamics in enhanced ionization of isotopologues of hydrogen molecular ions from the exact factorization perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:8269-8281. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08539c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An exact-factorization perspective of enhanced ionization in isotopologues of H2+ demonstrates the concept of the exact potential driving the electrons in non-adiabatic motion of molecules in strong fields, and sets a new platform for introducing various approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khosravi
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF
- Universidad del País Vasco
- CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Ali Abedi
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF
- Universidad del País Vasco
- CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF
- Universidad del País Vasco
| | - Neepa T. Maitra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- New York
- USA
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33
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Nonsequential double ionization with mid-infrared laser fields. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37413. [PMID: 27857182 PMCID: PMC5114651 DOI: 10.1038/srep37413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a full-dimensional Monte Carlo classical ensemble method, we present a theoretical study of atomic nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) with mid-infrared laser fields, and compare with results from near-infrared laser fields. Unlike single-electron strong-field processes, double ionization shows complex and unexpected interplays between the returning electron and its parent ion core. As a result of these interplays, NSDI for mid-IR fields is dominated by second-returning electron trajectories, instead of first-returning trajectories for near-IR fields. Some complex NSDI channels commonly happen with near-IR fields, such as the recollision-excitation-with-subsequent-ionization (RESI) channel, are virtually shut down by mid-IR fields. Besides, the final energies of the two electrons can be extremely unequal, leading to novel e-e momentum correlation spectra that can be measured experimentally.
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34
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35
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Mancuso CA, Dorney KM, Hickstein DD, Chaloupka JL, Ellis JL, Dollar FJ, Knut R, Grychtol P, Zusin D, Gentry C, Gopalakrishnan M, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Controlling Nonsequential Double Ionization in Two-Color Circularly Polarized Femtosecond Laser Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:133201. [PMID: 27715086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.133201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atoms undergoing strong-field ionization in two-color circularly polarized femtosecond laser fields exhibit unique two-dimensional photoelectron trajectories and can emit bright circularly polarized extreme ultraviolet and soft-x-ray beams. In this Letter, we present the first experimental observation of nonsequential double ionization in these tailored laser fields. Moreover, we can enhance or suppress nonsequential double ionization by changing the intensity ratio and helicity of the two driving laser fields to maximize or minimize high-energy electron-ion rescattering. Our experimental results are explained through classical simulations, which also provide insight into how to optimize the generation of circularly polarized high harmonic beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Mancuso
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Kevin M Dorney
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Daniel D Hickstein
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jan L Chaloupka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado 80639, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ellis
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Franklin J Dollar
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Ronny Knut
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Patrik Grychtol
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zusin
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Christian Gentry
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | | | - Henry C Kapteyn
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Margaret M Murnane
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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36
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Li Y, Yu B, Tang Q, Wang X, Hua D, Tong A, Jiang C, Ge G, Li Y, Wan J. Transition of recollision trajectories from linear to elliptical polarization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:6469-6479. [PMID: 27136838 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.006469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using a classical ensemble method, we revisit the topic of recollision and nonsequential double ionization with elliptically polarized laser fields. We focus on how the recollision mechanism transitions from short trajectories with linear polarization to long trajectories with elliptical polarization. We propose how this transition can be observed by meansuring the carrier-envelop-phase dependence of the correlated electron momentum spectra using currently available few-cycle laser pulses.
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37
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Fuks JI, Nielsen SEB, Ruggenthaler M, Maitra NT. Time-dependent density functional theory beyond Kohn–Sham Slater determinants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:20976-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00722h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Different choices of initial Kohn Sham wavefunction shape the time-dependent exchange–correlation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna I. Fuks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- New York
- USA
| | - Søren E. B. Nielsen
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik
- Universität Innsbruck
| | - Michael Ruggenthaler
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik
- Universität Innsbruck
| | - Neepa T. Maitra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York
- New York
- USA
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38
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Khosravi E, Abedi A, Maitra NT. Exact Potential Driving the Electron Dynamics in Enhanced Ionization of H(2)(+). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:263002. [PMID: 26764989 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.263002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It was recently shown that the exact factorization of the electron-nuclear wave function allows the construction of a Schrödinger equation for the electronic system, in which the potential contains exactly the effect of coupling to the nuclear degrees of freedom and any external fields. Here we study the exact potential acting on the electron in charge-resonance enhanced ionization in a model one-dimensional H(2)(+) molecule. We show there can be significant differences between the exact potential and that used in the traditional quasistatic analyses, arising from nonadiabatic coupling to the nuclear system, and that these are crucial to include for accurate simulations of time-resolved ionization dynamics and predictions of the ionization yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khosravi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ali Abedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC and DIPC, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Neepa T Maitra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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39
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Fuks JI, Luo K, Sandoval ED, Maitra NT. Time-resolved spectroscopy in time-dependent density functional theory: an exact condition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:183002. [PMID: 26000998 PMCID: PMC6135656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.183002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental property of a quantum system driven by an external field is that when the field is turned off the positions of its response frequencies are independent of the time at which the field is turned off. We show that this leads to an exact condition for the exchange-correlation potential of time-dependent density functional theory. The Kohn-Sham potential typically continues to evolve after the field is turned off, which leads to time dependence in the response frequencies of the Kohn-Sham response function. The exchange-correlation kernel must cancel out this time dependence. The condition is typically violated by approximations currently in use, as we demonstrate by several examples, which has severe consequences for their predictions of time-resolved spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna I Fuks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Ernesto D Sandoval
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Neepa T Maitra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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40
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Li Y, Qin M, Zhu X, Zhang Q, Lan P, Lu P. Ultrafast molecular orbital imaging based on attosecond photoelectron diffraction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:10687-10702. [PMID: 25969107 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.010687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present ab initio numerical study of ultrafast ionization dynamics of H(2)(+) as well as CO(2) and N(2) exposed to linearly polarized attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. When the molecules are aligned perpendicular to laser polarization direction, photonionization of these molecules show clear and distinguishing diffraction patterns in molecular attosecond photoelectron momentum distributions. The internuclear distances of the molecules are related to the position of the associated diffraction patterns, which can be determined with high accuracy. Moreover, the relative heights of the diffraction fringes contain fruitful information of the molecular orbital structures. We show that the diffraction spectra can be well produced using the two-center interference model. By adopting a simple inversion algorithm which takes into account the symmetry of the initial molecular orbital, we can retrieve the molecular orbital from which the electron is ionized. Our results offer possibility for imaging of molecular structure and orbitals by performing molecular attosecond photoelectron diffraction.
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Giesbertz KJH, van Leeuwen R. Compact two-electron wave function for bond dissociation and Van der Waals interactions: a natural amplitude assessment. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184108. [PMID: 24832254 DOI: 10.1063/1.4875338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron correlations in molecules can be divided in short range dynamical correlations, long range Van der Waals type interactions, and near degeneracy static correlations. In this work, we analyze for a one-dimensional model of a two-electron system how these three types of correlations can be incorporated in a simple wave function of restricted functional form consisting of an orbital product multiplied by a single correlation function f (r12) depending on the interelectronic distance r12. Since the three types of correlations mentioned lead to different signatures in terms of the natural orbital (NO) amplitudes in two-electron systems, we make an analysis of the wave function in terms of the NO amplitudes for a model system of a diatomic molecule. In our numerical implementation, we fully optimize the orbitals and the correlation function on a spatial grid without restrictions on their functional form. Due to this particular form of the wave function, we can prove that none of the amplitudes vanishes and moreover that it displays a distinct sign pattern and a series of avoided crossings as a function of the bond distance in agreement with the exact solution. This shows that the wave function ansatz correctly incorporates the long range Van der Waals interactions. We further show that the approximate wave function gives an excellent binding curve and is able to describe static correlations. We show that in order to do this the correlation function f (r12) needs to diverge for large r12 at large internuclear distances while for shorter bond distances it increases as a function of r12 to a maximum value after which it decays exponentially. We further give a physical interpretation of this behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas J H Giesbertz
- Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert van Leeuwen
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Survontie 9, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Kamor A, Chandre C, Uzer T, Mauger F. Recollision scenario without tunneling: role of the ionic core potential. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:133003. [PMID: 24745413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.133003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a purely classical recollision scenario, i.e., without tunneling, which, in contrast to the standard three-step model, takes into account the ionic core potential fully at all stages of the recollision process and is valid at all intensities. We find that a key periodic orbit drives the recollisions by guiding electrons away and back to the core. At sufficiently high intensity, we connect our scenario to the three-step model, and explain why the three-step model leads to good agreement with the cutoff in high harmonic generation despite neglecting the core potential after tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kamor
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA and Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, Case 907, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - C Chandre
- Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, Case 907, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - T Uzer
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
| | - F Mauger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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Non-Born–Oppenheimer molecular wave functions of H2 by extended multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree–Fock method. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yuan M, Lü R, Feng L, Chu T. Computational efficiency improvement with Wigner rotation technique in studying atoms in intense few-cycle circularly polarized pulses. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:074108. [PMID: 24559339 DOI: 10.1063/1.4865747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that by introducing Wigner rotation technique into the solution of time-dependent Schrödinger equation in length gauge, computational efficiency can be greatly improved in describing atoms in intense few-cycle circularly polarized laser pulses. The methodology with Wigner rotation technique underlying our openMP parallel computational code for circularly polarized laser pulses is described. Results of test calculations to investigate the scaling property of the computational code with the number of the electronic angular basis function l as well as the strong field phenomena are presented and discussed for the hydrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rui Lü
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Liqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tianshu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Hu P, Niu Y, Xiang Y, Gong S. Above-threshold ionization by few-cycle phase jump pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:24309-24317. [PMID: 24104340 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.024309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the above-threshold ionization of hydrogen atoms driven by few-cycle phase jump laser pulses. By numerically solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we demonstrate that the phase jump plays an important role in the ionization process. The cutoff of the photoelectron energy spectrum can extend to a range of very high energy, and the yield of the photoelectrons can be dramatically enhanced by choosing proper phase jump times. Both the classical simulations and Fourier transform method are used to understand the spectra features found in our investigation.
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Chang BY, Shin S, Palacios A, Martín F, Sola IR. Ultrafast coherent control of giant oscillating molecular dipoles in the presence of static electric fields. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:084306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kamor A, Mauger F, Chandre C, Uzer T. How key periodic orbits drive recollisions in a circularly polarized laser field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:253002. [PMID: 23829734 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.253002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We show that a family of key periodic orbits drives the recollision process in a strong circularly polarized laser field. These orbits, coined recolliding periodic orbits, exist for a wide range of parameters, and their relative influence changes as the laser and atomic parameters are varied. We find the necessary conditions for recollision-driven nonsequential double ionization to occur. The outlined mechanism is universal in that it applies equally well beyond atoms: The internal structure of the target species plays a minor role in the recollision process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kamor
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
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Wang X, Tian J, Eberly JH. Extended virtual detector theory for strong-field atomic ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:243001. [PMID: 25165919 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.243001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
For time-dependent strong-field atomic ionization a new theoretical approach is described that combines the numerical time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) and the numerical time-dependent Newtonian equation (TDNE). This approach keeps both the accuracy of quantum calculations and the speed of classical calculations. It does not use approximate tunneling formulas. It is applied to a recent experimental result, and we show its successful comparison to extensive TDSE calculations made under exactly the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Rochester Theory Center and the Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Justin Tian
- Rochester Theory Center and the Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J H Eberly
- Rochester Theory Center and the Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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Chang BY, Shin S, Palacios A, Martín F, Sola IR. Two-Pulse Control of Large-Amplitude Vibrations in H2+. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:1405-12. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201201078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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