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Chung H, Miller OD. High-NA achromatic metalenses by inverse design. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:6945-6965. [PMID: 32225932 DOI: 10.1364/oe.385440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We use inverse design to discover metalens structures that exhibit broadband, achromatic focusing across low, moderate, and high numerical apertures. We show that standard unit-cell approaches cannot achieve high-efficiency high-NA focusing, even at a single frequency, due to the incompleteness of the unit-cell basis, and we provide computational upper bounds on their maximum efficiencies. At low NA, our devices exhibit the highest theoretical efficiencies to date. At high NA-of 0.9 with translation-invariant films and of 0.99 with "freeform" structures-our designs are the first to exhibit achromatic high-NA focusing.
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Eiles MT, Tong Z, Greene CH. Theoretical Prediction of the Creation and Observation of a Ghost Trilobite Chemical Bond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:113203. [PMID: 30265124 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.113203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The "trilobite"-type of molecule, predicted in 2000 and observed experimentally in 2015, arises when a Rydberg electron exerts a weak attractive force on a neutral ground state atom. Such molecules have bond lengths exceeding 100 nm. The ultralong-range chemical bond between the two atoms is a nonperturbative linear combination of the many degenerate electronic states associated with high principal quantum numbers, and the resulting electron probability distribution closely resembles a fossil trilobite from antiquity. We show how to coherently engineer this same long-range orbital through a sequence of electric and magnetic field pulses even when the ground-state atom is not present and propose several methods to observe the resulting orbital. The existence of such a ghost chemical bond in which an electron reaches out from one atom to a nonexistent second atom is a consequence of the high level degeneracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Eiles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Zhengjia Tong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Chris H Greene
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Purdue Quantum Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Soley MB, Markmann A, Batista VS. Classical Optimal Control for Energy Minimization Based On Diffeomorphic Modulation under Observable-Response-Preserving Homotopy. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:3351-3362. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Micheline B. Soley
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O.
Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Andreas Markmann
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O.
Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O.
Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
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Ischenko AA, Weber PM, Miller RJD. Capturing Chemistry in Action with Electrons: Realization of Atomically Resolved Reaction Dynamics. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11066-11124. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A. Ischenko
- Institute
of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Vernadskogo
86, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter M. Weber
- Department
of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, 02912 Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- The Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Departments
of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Canada
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Merrill JT, Brown KR. Progress in Compensating Pulse Sequences for Quantum Computation. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118742631.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Guerrero RD, Arango CA, Reyes A. Optimal control of wave-packets: a semiclassical approach. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.834085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nakajima K, Abe H, Ohtsuki Y. Optimal Control Simulation of Field-Free Molecular Orientation: Alignment-Enhanced Molecular Orientation. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11219-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3052054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai
980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroya Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai
980-8578, Japan
| | - Yukiyoshi Ohtsuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai
980-8578, Japan
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Ishchenko AA, Bagratashvili VN, Avilov AS. Methods for studying the coherent 4D structural dynamics of free molecules and condensed state of matter. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774511050129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Greenfield M, McGrane SD, Moore DS. Control of cis-Stilbene Photochemistry Using Shaped Ultraviolet Pulses. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2333-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp801758v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Greenfield
- Dynamic and Energetic Materials Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - S. D. McGrane
- Dynamic and Energetic Materials Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - D. S. Moore
- Dynamic and Energetic Materials Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Mitra A, Rabitz H. Quantum control mechanism analysis through field based Hamiltonian encoding: A laboratory implementable algorithm. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2820787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perspectives on the Control of Quantum many-body Dynamics: Application to Chemical Reactions. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141601.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kaiser A, May V. Optimal control theory with continuously distributed target states: An application to NaK. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
There has been much progress in the control of chemical reactions since methods of active control were first proposed by Brumer & Shapiro and by Tannor & Rice ten years ago. This chapter reviews both theoretical and experimental advances in the field. Control schemes based on quantum mechanical interference between competing paths and the manipulation of wave packets with tailored laser pulses are discussed. The theory of optimal control, the limitations of control theory applied to many-body dynamics, and the effects of constraints on the trajectory of the controlled observable are presented. Experimental progress in controlling the population of specific quantum states, in manipulating the dynamics of bound wave packets, and in the control of chemical reactions are reviewed, and current problems in the field are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Gordon
- Department of Chemistry (m/c 111), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7061, USA.
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Abstract
A large number of experimental studies and simulations show that it is surprisingly easy to find excellent quality control over broad classes of quantum systems. We now prove that for controllable quantum systems with no constraints placed on the controls, the only allowed extrema of the transition probability landscape correspond to perfect control or no control. Under these conditions, no suboptimal local extrema exist as traps that would impede the search for an optimal control. The identified landscape structure is universal for all controllable quantum systems of the same dimension when seeking to maximize the same transition probability, regardless of the detailed nature of the system Hamiltonian. The presence of weak control field noise or environmental decoherence is shown to preserve the general structure of the control landscape, but at lower resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herschel A Rabitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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Ohtsuki Y, Turinici G, Rabitz H. Generalized monotonically convergent algorithms for solving quantum optimal control problems. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:5509-17. [PMID: 15267426 DOI: 10.1063/1.1650297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of cost functionals that describe the criteria for designing optimal pulses can be reduced to two basic functionals by the introduction of product spaces. We extend previous monotonically convergent algorithms to solve the generalized pulse design equations derived from those basic functionals. The new algorithms are proved to exhibit monotonic convergence. Numerical tests are implemented in four-level model systems employing stationary and/or nonstationary targets in the absence and/or presence of relaxation. Trajectory plots that conveniently present the global nature of the convergence behavior show that slow convergence may often be attributed to "trapping" and that relaxation processes may remove such unfavorable behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiyoshi Ohtsuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Kaiser A, May V. Optimal control theory for a target state distributed in time: Optimizing the probe-pulse signal of a pump-probe-scheme. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2528-35. [PMID: 15281849 DOI: 10.1063/1.1769370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal control theory (OCT) is formulated for the case of a two-color pump-probe experiment. The approach allows to calculate the pump-pulse shape in such a way that the probe-pulse absorption signal is maximized. Since the latter quantity is given by the time-averaged expectation value of a time dependent operator (the probe-pulse field-strength times the dipole operator) a version of OCT has to be used where the target state is distributed in time. The method is applied to a molecular three-level system with the pump-pulse driving the transition from the electronic ground state into the first-excited electronic state and the probe-pulse connecting the first-excited state with a higher lying electronic state. Depending on the probe-pulse duration, the vibrational wave packet becomes localized or at least highly concentrated in the Franck-Condon window for the transition into the higher-excited state. The dependence on the probe-pulse duration and on the delay time between the optimized pump-pulse and the probe-pulse is discussed in detail. The whole study demonstrates the feasibility of laser pulse induced temporal wave packet localization and the use of spectroscopic quantities as target states in experiments on femtosecond laser pulse control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kaiser
- Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Institut fur Physik, Newtonstrasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Kim YS, Rabitz H. Closed loop learning control with reduced space quantum dynamics. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1485068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Levis RJ, Menkir GM, Rabitz H. Selective bond dissociation and rearrangement with optimally tailored, strong-field laser pulses. Science 2001; 292:709-13. [PMID: 11283357 DOI: 10.1126/science.1059133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We used strong-field laser pulses that were tailored with closed-loop optimal control to govern specified chemical dissociation and reactivity channels in a series of organic molecules. Selective cleavage and rearrangement of chemical bonds having dissociation energies up to approximately 100 kilocalories per mole (about 4 electron volts) are reported for polyatomic molecules, including (CH3)2CO (acetone), CH3COCF3 (trifluoroacetone), and C6H5COCH3 (acetophenone). Control over the formation of CH(3)CO from (CH3)2CO, CF3 (or CH3) from CH3COCF3, and C6H5CH3 (toluene) from C6H5COCH3 was observed with high selectivity. Strong-field control appears to have generic applicability for manipulating molecular reactivity because the tailored intense laser fields (about 10(13) watts per square centimeter) can dynamically Stark shift many excited states into resonance, and consequently, the method is not confined by resonant spectral restrictions found in the perturbative (weak-field) regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Levis
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA., Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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Structural and vibrational kinetics of photoexcitation processes using time resolved electron diffraction. J Mol Struct 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(99)00419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cao J, Wilson KR. A simple physical picture for quantum control of wave packet localization. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cao J, Wilson KR. Detecting wave packet motion in pump–probe experiments: Theoretical analysis. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kis Z, Janszky J, Adam P, Vinogradov AV, Kobayashi T. Entangled vibrational states in polyatomic molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 1996; 54:5110-5117. [PMID: 9914080 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.5110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kim KG, Girardeau MD. Optimal control of strongly driven quantum systems: Fully variational formulation and nonlinear eigenfields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:R891-R894. [PMID: 9912429 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.r891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kohler B, Yakovlev VV, Che J, Krause JL, Messina M, Wilson KR, Schwentner N, Whitnell RM, Yan Y. Quantum Control of Wave Packet Evolution with Tailored Femtosecond Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 74:3360-3363. [PMID: 10058181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Botina J, Rabitz H, Rahman N. Optimal control of chaotic Hamiltonian dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:923-933. [PMID: 9911668 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Botina J, Rabitz H, Rahman N. A new approach to molecular classical optimal control: Application to the reaction HCN→HC+N. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Tóth GJ, Lőrincz A, Rabitz H. The effect of control field and measurement imprecision on laboratory feedback control of quantum systems. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Amstrup B, Rice SA. Optimal control theory approach to enhancement of HgAr photodissociation. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang H, Rabitz H. Robust optimal control of quantum molecular systems in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 49:2241-2254. [PMID: 9910491 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Holthaus M, Just B. Generalized pi pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 49:1950-1960. [PMID: 9910446 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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35
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Schwieters CD, Rabitz H. Optimal control of classical systems with explicit quantum-classical-difference reduction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 48:2549-2557. [PMID: 9909904 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.48.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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