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Lan K, Dong Y, Wu J, Li Z, Chen Y, Cao H, Hao L, Li S, Ren G, Jiang W, Yin C, Sun C, Chen Z, Huang T, Xie X, Li S, Miao W, Hu X, Tang Q, Song Z, Chen J, Xiao Y, Che X, Deng B, Wang Q, Deng K, Cao Z, Peng X, Liu X, He X, Yan J, Pu Y, Tu S, Yuan Y, Yu B, Wang F, Yang J, Jiang S, Gao L, Xie J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang H, He Z, Du K, Wang L, Chen X, Zhou W, Huang X, Guo H, Zheng K, Zhu Q, Zheng W, Huo WY, Hang X, Li K, Zhai C, Xie H, Li L, Liu J, Ding Y, Zhang W. First Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosion Experiment in Octahedral Spherical Hohlraum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:245001. [PMID: 34951808 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.245001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In inertial confinement approaches to fusion, the asymmetry of target implosion is a major obstacle to achieving high gain in the laboratory. A recently proposed octahedral spherical hohlraum makes it possible to naturally create spherical target irradiation without supplementary symmetry control. Before any decision is made to pursue an ignition-scale laser system based on the octahedral hohlraum, one needs to test the concept with the existing facilities. Here, we report a proof-of-concept experiment for the novel octahedral hohlraum geometry on the cylindrically configured SGIII laser facility without a symmetry control. All polar and equatorial self-emission images of the compressed target show a near round shape of convergence ratio 15 under both square and shaped laser pulses. The observed implosion performances agree well with the ideal spherical implosion simulation. It also shows limitations with using the existing facilities and adds further weight to the need to move to a spherical port geometry for future ignition laser facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunsong Dong
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yaohua Chen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Shu Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Guoli Ren
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Chuansheng Yin
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Chuankui Sun
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhongjing Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Tianxuan Huang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xufei Xie
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Sanwei Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wenyong Miao
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zifeng Song
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yunqing Xiao
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xingsen Che
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Keli Deng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhurong Cao
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiaoshi Peng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiangming Liu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiaoan He
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Ji Yan
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yudong Pu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Shaoyong Tu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yongteng Yuan
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jiamin Yang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Shaoen Jiang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhanwen Zhang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhibing He
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Kai Du
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Huaiwen Guo
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Kuixing Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Qihua Zhu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wanguo Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wen Yi Huo
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xudeng Hang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Chuanlei Zhai
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lingxiao Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jie Liu
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongkun Ding
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
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2
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Moore AS, Meezan NB, Milovich J, Johnson S, Heredia R, Baumann TF, Biener M, Bhandarkar SD, Chen H, Divol L, Izumi N, Nikroo A, Baker K, Jones O, Landen OL, Hsing WW, Moody JD, Thomas CA, Lahmann B, Williams J, Alfonso N, Schoff ME. Foam-lined hohlraum, inertial confinement fusion experiments on the National Ignition Facility. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:051201. [PMID: 33327093 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to study hohlraums lined with a 20-mg/cc 400-μm-thick Ta_{2}O_{5} aerogel at full scale (hohlraum diameter = 6.72 mm) are reported. Driven with a 1.6-MJ, 450-TW laser pulse, the performance of the foam liner is diagnosed using implosion hot-spot symmetry measurements of the high-density carbon (HDC) capsule and measurement of inner beam propagation through a thin-wall 8-μm Au window in the hohlraum. Results show an improved capsule performance due to laser energy deposition further inside the hohlraum, leading to a modest increase in x-ray drive and reduced preheat due to changes in the x-ray spectrum when the foam liner is included. In addition, the outer cone bubble uniformity is improved, but the predicted improvement in inner beam propagation to improve symmetry control is not realized for this foam thickness and density.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Moore
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - N B Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - J Milovich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - S Johnson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - R Heredia
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - T F Baumann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - M Biener
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - S D Bhandarkar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - H Chen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - L Divol
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - A Nikroo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - K Baker
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - O Jones
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - W W Hsing
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - J D Moody
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA
| | - C A Thomas
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - B Lahmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Williams
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - N Alfonso
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - M E Schoff
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
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3
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Shan LQ, Cai HB, Zhang WS, Tang Q, Zhang F, Song ZF, Bi B, Ge FJ, Chen JB, Liu DX, Wang WW, Yang ZH, Qi W, Tian C, Yuan ZQ, Zhang B, Yang L, Jiao JL, Cui B, Zhou WM, Cao LF, Zhou CT, Gu YQ, Zhang BH, Zhu SP, He XT. Experimental Evidence of Kinetic Effects in Indirect-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Hohlraums. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:195001. [PMID: 29799245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.195001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first experimental evidence supported by simulations of kinetic effects launched in the interpenetration layer between the laser-driven hohlraum plasma bubbles and the corona plasma of the compressed pellet at the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility. Solid plastic capsules were coated with carbon-deuterium layers; as the implosion neutron yield is quenched, DD fusion yield from the corona plasma provides a direct measure of the kinetic effects inside the hohlraum. An anomalous large energy spread of the DD neutron signal (∼282 keV) and anomalous scaling of the neutron yield with the thickness of the carbon-deuterium layers cannot be explained by the hydrodynamic mechanisms. Instead, these results can be attributed to kinetic shocks that arise in the hohlraum-wall-ablator interpenetration region, which result in efficient acceleration of the deuterons (∼28.8 J, 0.45% of the total input laser energy). These studies provide novel insight into the interactions and dynamics of a vacuum hohlraum and near-vacuum hohlraum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Q Shan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - H B Cai
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - W S Zhang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 2101, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Q Tang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - F Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z F Song
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Bi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - F J Ge
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - J B Chen
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - D X Liu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W W Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z H Yang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W Qi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - C Tian
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z Q Yuan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - L Yang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - J L Jiao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Cui
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W M Zhou
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - L F Cao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - C T Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Y Q Gu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - B H Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - S P Zhu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 2101, Beijing 100088, China
| | - X T He
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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4
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Amendt P, Dunne M, Ho DD, Lindl JD. LIFE Pure Fusion Target Designs: Status and Prospects. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Amendt
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore CA 94551
| | - M. Dunne
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore CA 94551
| | - D. D. Ho
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore CA 94551
| | - J. D. Lindl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore CA 94551
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5
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Dewald EL, Hartemann F, Michel P, Milovich J, Hohenberger M, Pak A, Landen OL, Divol L, Robey HF, Hurricane OA, Döppner T, Albert F, Bachmann B, Meezan NB, MacKinnon AJ, Callahan D, Edwards MJ. Generation and Beaming of Early Hot Electrons onto the Capsule in Laser-Driven Ignition Hohlraums. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:075003. [PMID: 26943541 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.075003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In hohlraums for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions on the National Ignition Facility, suprathermal hot electrons, generated by laser plasma instabilities early in the laser pulse ("picket") while blowing down the laser entrance hole (LEH) windows, can preheat the capsule fuel. Hard x-ray imaging of a Bi capsule surrogate and of the hohlraum emissions, in conjunction with the measurement of time-resolved bremsstrahlung spectra, allows us to uncover for the first time the directionality of these hot electrons and infer the capsule preheat. Data and Monte Carlo calculations indicate that for most experiments the hot electrons are emitted nearly isotropically from the LEH. However, we have found cases where a significant fraction of the generated electrons are emitted in a collimated beam directly towards the capsule poles, where their local energy deposition is up to 10× higher than the average preheat value and acceptable levels for ICF implosions. The observed "beaming" is consistent with a recently unveiled multibeam stimulated Raman scattering model [P. Michel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 055003 (2015)], where laser beams in a cone drive a common plasma wave on axis. Finally, we demonstrate that we can control the amount of generated hot electrons by changing the laser pulse shape and hohlraum plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Hartemann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Michel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Milovich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Hohenberger
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Pak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L Divol
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H F Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O A Hurricane
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Albert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Bachmann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N B Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A J MacKinnon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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6
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Li H, Huang Y, Jiang S, Jing L, Tianxuan H, Ding Y. A unified modeling approach for physical experiment design and optimization in laser driven inertial confinement fusion. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Sio H, Séguin FH, Frenje JA, Gatu Johnson M, Zylstra AB, Rinderknecht HG, Rosenberg MJ, Li CK, Petrasso RD. A technique for extending by ∼10(3) the dynamic range of compact proton spectrometers for diagnosing ICF implosions on the National Ignition Facility and OMEGA. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11E119. [PMID: 25430298 DOI: 10.1063/1.4892439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wedge Range Filter (WRF) proton spectrometers are routinely used on OMEGA and the NIF for diagnosing ρR and ρR asymmetries in direct- and indirect-drive implosions of D(3)He-, D2-, and DT-gas-filled capsules. By measuring the optical opacity distribution in CR-39 due to proton tracks in high-yield applications, as opposed to counting individual tracks, WRF dynamic range can be extended by 10(2) for obtaining the spectral shape, and by 10(3) for mean energy (ρR) measurement, corresponding to proton fluences of 10(8) and 10(9) cm(-2), respectively. Using this new technique, ρR asymmetries can be measured during both shock and compression burn (proton yield ∼10(8) and ∼10(12), respectively) in 2-shock National Ignition Facility implosions with the standard WRF accuracy of ±∼10 mg/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sio
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F H Séguin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A B Zylstra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H G Rinderknecht
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M J Rosenberg
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C K Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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8
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Dewald EL, Milovich JL, Michel P, Landen OL, Kline JL, Glenn S, Jones O, Kalantar DH, Pak A, Robey HF, Kyrala GA, Divol L, Benedetti LR, Holder J, Widmann K, Moore A, Schneider MB, Döppner T, Tommasini R, Bradley DK, Bell P, Ehrlich B, Thomas CA, Shaw M, Widmayer C, Callahan DA, Meezan NB, Town RPJ, Hamza A, Dzenitis B, Nikroo A, Moreno K, Van Wonterghem B, Mackinnon AJ, Glenzer SH, MacGowan BJ, Kilkenny JD, Edwards MJ, Atherton LJ, Moses EI. Early-time symmetry tuning in the presence of cross-beam energy transfer in ICF experiments on the National Ignition Facility. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:235001. [PMID: 24476279 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.235001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
On the National Ignition Facility, the hohlraum-driven implosion symmetry is tuned using cross-beam energy transfer (CBET) during peak power, which is controlled by applying a wavelength separation between cones of laser beams. In this Letter, we present early-time measurements of the instantaneous soft x-ray drive at the capsule using reemission spheres, which show that this wavelength separation also leads to significant CBET during the first shock, even though the laser intensities are 30× smaller than during the peak. We demonstrate that the resulting early drive P2/P0 asymmetry can be minimized and tuned to <1% accuracy (well within the ±7.5% requirement for ignition) by varying the relative input powers between different cones of beams. These experiments also provide time-resolved measurements of CBET during the first 2 ns of the laser drive, which are in good agreement with radiation-hydrodynamics calculations including a linear CBET model.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Dewald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J L Milovich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Michel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O L Landen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J L Kline
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Glenn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - O Jones
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D H Kalantar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Pak
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H F Robey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G A Kyrala
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Divol
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L R Benedetti
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Holder
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Widmann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Moore
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M B Schneider
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Tommasini
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Bell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Ehrlich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A Thomas
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Shaw
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Widmayer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D A Callahan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N B Meezan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R P J Town
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Hamza
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Dzenitis
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Nikroo
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - K Moreno
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - B Van Wonterghem
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A J Mackinnon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S H Glenzer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B J MacGowan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J D Kilkenny
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L J Atherton
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E I Moses
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Post Office Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Casner A, Philippe F, Tassin V, Seytor P, Monteil MC, Gauthier P, Park H, Robey H, Ross J, Amendt P, Girard F, Villette B, Reverdin C, Loiseau P, Caillaud T, Landoas O, Li C, Petrasso R, Seguin F, Rosenberg M, Renaudin P. Progress of LMJ-relevant implosions experiments on OMEGA. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135902001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Zylstra AB, Frenje JA, Séguin FH, Rosenberg MJ, Rinderknecht HG, Johnson MG, Casey DT, Sinenian N, Manuel MJE, Waugh CJ, Sio HW, Li CK, Petrasso RD, Friedrich S, Knittel K, Bionta R, McKernan M, Callahan D, Collins GW, Dewald E, Döppner T, Edwards MJ, Glenzer S, Hicks DG, Landen OL, London R, Mackinnon A, Meezan N, Prasad RR, Ralph J, Richardson M, Rygg JR, Sepke S, Weber S, Zacharias R, Moses E, Kilkenny J, Nikroo A, Sangster TC, Glebov V, Stoeckl C, Olson R, Leeper RJ, Kline J, Kyrala G, Wilson D. Charged-particle spectroscopy for diagnosing shock ρR and strength in NIF implosions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:10D901. [PMID: 23126905 DOI: 10.1063/1.4729672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The compact Wedge Range Filter (WRF) proton spectrometer was developed for OMEGA and transferred to the National Ignition Facility (NIF) as a National Ignition Campaign diagnostic. The WRF measures the spectrum of protons from D-(3)He reactions in tuning-campaign implosions containing D and (3)He gas; in this work we report on the first proton spectroscopy measurement on the NIF using WRFs. The energy downshift of the 14.7-MeV proton is directly related to the total ρR through the plasma stopping power. Additionally, the shock proton yield is measured, which is a metric of the final merged shock strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Zylstra
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139, USA.
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11
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Caillaud T, Landoas O, Briat M, Rossé B, Thfoin I, Philippe F, Casner A, Bourgade JL, Disdier L, Glebov VY, Marshall FJ, Sangster TC, Park HS, Robey HF, Amendt P. A new compact, high sensitivity neutron imaging system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:10E131. [PMID: 23126952 DOI: 10.1063/1.4739314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new small neutron imaging system (SNIS) diagnostic for the OMEGA laser facility. The SNIS uses a penumbral coded aperture and has been designed to record images from low yield (10(9)-10(10) neutrons) implosions such as those using deuterium as the fuel. This camera was tested at OMEGA in 2009 on a rugby hohlraum energetics experiment where it recorded an image at a yield of 1.4 × 10(10). The resolution of this image was 54 μm and the camera was located only 4 meters from target chamber centre. We recently improved the instrument by adding a cooled CCD camera. The sensitivity of the new camera has been fully characterized using a linear accelerator and a (60)Co γ-ray source. The calibration showed that the signal-to-noise ratio could be improved by using raw binning detection.
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Seguin FH, Sinenian N, Rosenberg M, Zylstra A, Manuel MJE, Sio H, Waugh C, Rinderknecht HG, Johnson MG, Frenje J, Li CK, Petrasso R, Sangster TC, Roberts S. Advances in compact proton spectrometers for inertial-confinement fusion and plasma nuclear science. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:10D908. [PMID: 23126911 DOI: 10.1063/1.4732065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Compact wedge-range-filter proton spectrometers cover proton energies ∼3-20 MeV. They have been used at the OMEGA laser facility for more than a decade for measuring spectra of primary D(3)He protons in D(3)He implosions, secondary D(3)He protons in DD implosions, and ablator protons in DT implosions; they are now being used also at the National Ignition Facility. The spectra are used to determine proton yields, shell areal density at shock-bang time and compression-bang time, fuel areal density, and implosion symmetry. There have been changes in fabrication and in analysis algorithms, resulting in a wider energy range, better accuracy and precision, and better robustness for survivability with indirect-drive inertial-confinement-fusion experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Seguin
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139, USA.
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