|
1
|
Lee J, Kim J, An K. Frequency pushing enhanced by an exceptional point in an atom-cavity coupled system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3471. [PMID: 38342945 PMCID: PMC11306339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We observed the frequency pushing of the cavity resonance as a result of the coupling of the cavity field with the ground state 138Ba in a high-Q cavity. A weak probe laser propagated along the axis of a Fabry-Pérot cavity while ground-state barium atoms traversed the cavity mode perpendicularly. By operating the atom-cavity composite in the vicinity of an exceptional point, we could observe a greatly enhanced frequency shift of the cavity transmission peak, which was pushed away from the atomic resonance, resulting in up to 41 ± 7 kHz frequency shift per atom from the empty cavity resonance. We analyzed our results by using the Maxwell-Schrödinger equation and obtained good agreement with the measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohye Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jinuk Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Kyungwon An
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Ann BM, Song Y, Kim J, Yang D, An K. Observation of scalable sub-Poissonian-field lasing in a microlaser. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17110. [PMID: 31745233 PMCID: PMC6863906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-Poisson field with much reduced fluctuations in a cavity can boost quantum precision measurements via cavity-enhanced light-matter interactions. Strong coupling between an atom and a cavity mode has been utilized to generate highly sub-Poisson fields. However, a macroscopic number of optical intracavity photons with more than 3 dB variance reduction has not been possible. Here, we report sub-Poisson field lasing in a microlaser operating with hundreds of atoms with well-regulated atom-cavity coupling and interaction time. Its photon-number variance was 4 dB below the standard quantum limit while the intracavity mean photon number scalable up to 600. The highly sub-Poisson photon statistics were not deteriorated by simultaneous interaction of a large number of atoms. Our finding suggests an effective pathway to widely scalable near-Fock-state lasing at the macroscopic scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Moo Ann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Younghoon Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Department of Field Application, ASML Korea, Hwaseong, 18449, Korea
| | - Junki Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Daeho Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, 16678, Korea
| | - Kyungwon An
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Kim J, Yang D, Oh SH, An K. Coherent single-atom superradiance. Science 2018; 359:662-666. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aar2179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junki Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-hoon Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon An
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Lee M, Kim J, Seo W, Hong HG, Song Y, Dasari RR, An K. Three-dimensional imaging of cavity vacuum with single atoms localized by a nanohole array. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3441. [PMID: 24603683 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zero-point electromagnetic fields were first introduced to explain the origin of atomic spontaneous emission. Vacuum fluctuations associated with the zero-point energy in cavities are now utilized in quantum devices such as single-photon sources, quantum memories, switches and network nodes. Here we present three-dimensional (3D) imaging of vacuum fluctuations in a high-Q cavity based on the measurement of position-dependent emission of single atoms. Atomic position localization is achieved by using a nanoscale atomic beam aperture scannable in front of the cavity mode. The 3D structure of the cavity vacuum is reconstructed from the cavity output. The root mean squared amplitude of the vacuum field at the antinode is also measured to be 0.92±0.07 V cm(-1). The present work utilizing a single atom as a probe for sub-wavelength imaging demonstrates the utility of nanometre-scale technology in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moonjoo Lee
- 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea [2]
| | - Junki Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Wontaek Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Hyun-Gue Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Younghoon Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Ramachandra R Dasari
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kyungwon An
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| |
Collapse
|