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Akhtar J, Goswami J, Goswami HP. Geometric phaselike effects of driven transport in presence of reservoir squeezing. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:054122. [PMID: 38907481 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.054122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In a bare bosonic site coupled to two reservoirs, we explore the statistics of boson exchange in the presence of two simultaneous processes: squeezing the two reservoirs and driving the two reservoirs. The squeezing parameters compete with the geometric phaselike effect or geometricity to alter the nature of the steady-state flux and noise. The even (odd) geometric cumulants and the total minimum entropy are found to be symmetric (antisymmetric) with respect to exchanging the left and right squeezing parameters. Upon increasing the strength of the squeezing parameters, loss of geometricity is observed. Under maximum squeezing, one can recover a standard steady-state fluctuation theorem even in the presence of phase-different driving protocol. A recently proposed modified geometric thermodynamic uncertainty principle is found to be robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India
| | - Jimli Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Fargo, ND 58102, USA
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2
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Koch J, Menon K, Cuestas E, Barbosa S, Lutz E, Fogarty T, Busch T, Widera A. A quantum engine in the BEC-BCS crossover. Nature 2023; 621:723-727. [PMID: 37758889 PMCID: PMC10533395 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Heat engines convert thermal energy into mechanical work both in the classical and quantum regimes1. However, quantum theory offers genuine non-classical forms of energy, different from heat, which so far have not been exploited in cyclic engines. Here we experimentally realize a quantum many-body engine fuelled by the energy difference between fermionic and bosonic ensembles of ultracold particles that follows from the Pauli exclusion principle2. We employ a harmonically trapped superfluid gas of 6Li atoms close to a magnetic Feshbach resonance3 that allows us to effectively change the quantum statistics from Bose-Einstein to Fermi-Dirac, by tuning the gas between a Bose-Einstein condensate of bosonic molecules and a unitary Fermi gas (and back) through a magnetic field4-10. The quantum nature of such a Pauli engine is revealed by contrasting it with an engine in the classical thermal regime and with a purely interaction-driven device. We obtain a work output of several 106 vibrational quanta per cycle with an efficiency of up to 25%. Our findings establish quantum statistics as a useful thermodynamic resource for work production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Koch
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Eloisa Cuestas
- OIST Graduate University, Onna, Japan
- Enrique Gaviola Institute of Physics, National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina and National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sian Barbosa
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Eric Lutz
- Institute for Theoretical Physics I, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | - Artur Widera
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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3
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Sheng J, Yang C, Wu H. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics in cavity optomechanics. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:75-86. [PMID: 38933566 PMCID: PMC11197698 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical thermodynamics has been a great achievement in dealing with systems that are in equilibrium or near equilibrium. As an emerging field, nonequilibrium thermodynamics provides a general framework for understanding the nonequilibrium processes, particularly in small systems that are typically far-from-equilibrium and are dominated by thermal or quantum fluctuations. Cavity optomechanical systems hold great promise among the various experimental platforms for studying nonequilibrium thermodynamics owing to their high controllability, excellent mechanical performance, and ability to operate deep in the quantum regime. Here, we present an overview of the recent advances in nonequilibrium thermodynamics with cavity optomechanical systems. The experimental results in entropy production assessment, fluctuation theorems, heat transfer, and heat engines are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiteng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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4
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Giri SK, Goswami HP. Controlling thermodynamics of a quantum heat engine with modulated amplitude drivings. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:024131. [PMID: 36109996 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.024131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
External driving of bath temperatures with a phase difference of a nonequilibrium quantum engine leads to the emergence of geometric effects on the thermodynamics. In this work we modulate the amplitude of the external driving protocols by introducing envelope functions and study the role of geometric effects on the flux, noise, and efficiency of a four-level driven quantum heat engine coupled with two thermal baths and a unimodal cavity. We observe that having a finite width of the modulation envelope introduces an additional control knob for studying the thermodynamics in the adiabatic limit. The optimization of the flux as well as the noise with respect to thermally induced quantum coherences becomes possible in the presence of geometric effects, which hitherto has not been possible with sinusoidal driving without an envelope. We also report the deviation of the slope and generation of an intercept in the standard expression for efficiency at maximum power as a function of Carnot efficiency in the presence of geometric effects under the amplitude modulation. Further, a recently developed universal bound on the efficiency obtained from the thermodynamic uncertainty relation is shown not to hold when a small width of the modulation envelope along with a large value of cavity temperature is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Kumar Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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5
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Van Vu T, Saito K. Thermodynamics of Precision in Markovian Open Quantum Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:140602. [PMID: 35476476 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.140602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations indicate trade-offs between the relative fluctuation of observables and thermodynamic quantities such as dissipation and dynamical activity. Although these relations have been well studied for classical systems, they remain largely unexplored in the quantum regime. In this Letter, we investigate such trade-off relations for Markovian open quantum systems whose underlying dynamics are quantum jumps, such as thermal processes and quantum measurement processes. Specifically, we derive finite-time lower bounds on the relative fluctuation of both dynamical observables and their first passage times for arbitrary initial states. The bounds imply that the precision of observables is constrained not only by thermodynamic quantities but also by quantum coherence. We find that the product of the relative fluctuation and entropy production or dynamical activity is enhanced by quantum coherence in a generic class of dissipative processes of systems with nondegenerate energy levels. Our findings provide insights into the survival of the classical uncertainty relations in quantum cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Van Vu
- Department of Physics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Keiji Saito
- Department of Physics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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6
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Ji W, Chai Z, Wang M, Guo Y, Rong X, Shi F, Ren C, Wang Y, Du J. Spin Quantum Heat Engine Quantified by Quantum Steering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:090602. [PMID: 35302812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.090602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Following the rising interest in quantum information science, the extension of a heat engine to the quantum regime by exploring microscopic quantum systems has seen a boon of interest in the last decade. Although quantum coherence in the quantum system of the working medium has been investigated to play a nontrivial role, a complete understanding of the intrinsic quantum advantage of quantum heat engines remains elusive. We experimentally demonstrate that the quantum correlation between the working medium and the thermal bath is critical for the quantum advantage of a quantum Szilárd engine, where quantum coherence in the working medium is naturally excluded. By quantifying the nonclassical correlation through quantum steering, we reveal that the heat engine is quantum when the demon can truly steer the working medium. The average work obtained by taking different ways of work extraction on the working medium can be used to verify the real quantum Szilárd engine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zihua Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xing Rong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fazhan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changliang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ya Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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7
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Sheng J, Yang C, Wu H. Realization of a coupled-mode heat engine with cavity-mediated nanoresonators. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabl7740. [PMID: 34878829 PMCID: PMC8654295 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental demonstration of a coupled-mode heat engine in a two-membrane-in-the-middle cavity optomechanical system. The normal mode of the cavity-mediated strongly coupled nanoresonators is used as the working medium, and an Otto cycle is realized by extracting work between two phononic thermal reservoirs. The heat engine performance is characterized in both normal mode and bare mode pictures, which reveals that the correlation of two membranes plays a substantial role during the thermodynamic cycle. Moreover, a straight-twin nanomechanical engine is implemented by engineering the normal modes and operating two cylinders out of phase. Our results demonstrate an essential class of heat engine in cavity optomechanical systems and provide an ideal platform platform for investigating heat engines of interacting subsystems in small scales with controllability and scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiteng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
- Corresponding author.
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8
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Liu J, Segal D. Coherences and the thermodynamic uncertainty relation: Insights from quantum absorption refrigerators. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:032138. [PMID: 33862758 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.032138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation, originally derived for classical Markov-jump processes, provides a tradeoff relation between precision and dissipation, deepening our understanding of the performance of quantum thermal machines. Here, we examine the interplay of quantum system coherences and heat current fluctuations on the validity of the thermodynamics uncertainty relation in the quantum regime. To achieve the current statistics, we perform a full counting statistics simulation of the Redfield quantum master equation. We focus on steady-state quantum absorption refrigerators where nonzero coherence between eigenstates can either suppress or enhance the cooling power, compared with the incoherent limit. In either scenario, we find enhanced relative noise of the cooling power (standard deviation of the power over the mean) in the presence of system coherence, thereby corroborating the thermodynamic uncertainty relation. Our results indicate that fluctuations necessitate consideration when assessing the performance of quantum coherent thermal machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dvira Segal
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Physics, 60 Saint George Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A7
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9
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Wang Q. Performance of quantum heat engines under the influence of long-range interactions. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:012138. [PMID: 32794960 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.012138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We examine a quantum heat engine with an interacting many-body working medium consisting of the long-range Kitaev chain to explore the role of long-range interactions in the performance of the quantum engine. By analytically studying two types of thermodynamic cycles, namely, the Otto cycle and Stirling cycle, we demonstrate that the work output and efficiency of a long-range interacting heat engine can be boosted by the long-range interactions, in comparison to the short-range counterpart. We further show that in the Otto cycle there exists an optimal condition for which the maximum enhancement in work output and efficiency can be achieved simultaneously by the long-range interactions. But, for the Stirling cycle, the condition which can give the maximum enhancement in work output does not lead to the maximum enhancement in efficiency. We also investigate how the parameter regimes under which the engine performance is enhanced by the long-range interactions evolve with a decrease in the range of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China and CAMTP-Center for Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Maribor, Mladinska 3, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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10
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Jaseem N, Hajdušek M, Vedral V, Fazio R, Kwek LC, Vinjanampathy S. Quantum synchronization in nanoscale heat engines. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:020201. [PMID: 32168700 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the ubiquity of synchronization in the classical world, it is interesting to study its behavior in quantum systems. Though quantum synchronization has been investigated in many systems, a clear connection to quantum technology applications is lacking. We bridge this gap and show that nanoscale heat engines are a natural platform to study quantum synchronization and always possess a stable limit cycle. Furthermore, we demonstrate an intimate relationship between the power of a coherently driven heat engine and its phase-locking properties by proving that synchronization places an upper bound on the achievable steady-state power of the engine. We also demonstrate that such an engine exhibits finite steady-state power if and only if its synchronization measure is nonzero. Finally, we show that the efficiency of the engine sets a point in terms of the bath temperatures where synchronization vanishes. We link the physical phenomenon of synchronization with the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics by establishing quantum synchronization as a mechanism of stable phase coherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noufal Jaseem
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Michal Hajdušek
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543
- Keio University Shonan Fujisawa Campus, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan
| | - Vlatko Vedral
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Rosario Fazio
- Abdus Salam ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Leong-Chuan Kwek
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639673
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616
| | - Sai Vinjanampathy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543
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11
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Wang W, Hu X, Xu J. Coherent population trapping based atomic reservoir for almost perfect higher-order squeezing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:30530-30551. [PMID: 31684299 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to either coherent or dissipative interactions with the coherent population trapping (CPT)-based atoms, the evolutions of the Bogoliubov modes towards the vacuum states have been shown to lead to second-order squeezing of the involved optical fields. Here we push the CPT-based dissipative interactions towards higher-order squeezing, which is not simply determined by second-order squeezing but instead by different criteria involving higher-order moments. It is shown that the CPT-based atomic reservoir supports the dissipative evolution of the Bogoliubov modes almost completely to the vacuum states and then yields almost perfect fourth-order squeezing (90%∼100%). The present mechanism is robust against spontaneous emission since the atoms stay largely in the ground states. As a by-product, a comparison is given with two-level atoms, in which the excitation of a large fraction reduces the degree of higher-order squeezing.
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12
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Çakmak B, Müstecaplıoğlu ÖE. Spin quantum heat engines with shortcuts to adiabaticity. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:032108. [PMID: 30999442 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.032108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We consider a finite-time quantum Otto cycle with single- and two spin-1/2 systems as its working medium. To mimic adiabatic dynamics at a finite time, we employ a shortcut-to-adiabaticity technique and evaluate the performance of the engine including the cost of the shortcut. We compare our results with the true adiabatic and nonadiabatic performances of the same cycle. Our findings indicate that the use of the shortcut-to-adiabaticity scheme significantly enhances the performance of the quantum Otto engine as compared to its adiabatic and nonadiabatic counterparts for different figures of merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Çakmak
- Department of Physics, Koç University, İstanbul, Sarıyer 34450, Turkey
- College of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Beşiktaş, Istanbul 34353, Turkey
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13
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Giri SK, Goswami HP. Nonequilibrium fluctuations of a driven quantum heat engine via machine learning. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:022104. [PMID: 30934252 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.022104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We propose a machine-learning approach based on artificial neural network to efficiently obtain new insights on the role of geometric contributions to the nonequilibrium fluctuations of an adiabatically temperature-driven quantum heat engine coupled to a cavity. Using the artificial neural network we have explored the interplay between bunched and antibunched photon exchange statistics for different engine parameters. We report that beyond a pivotal cavity temperature, the Fano factor oscillates between giant and low values as a function of phase difference between the driving protocols. We further observe that the standard thermodynamic uncertainty relation is not valid when there are finite geometric contributions to the fluctuations but holds true for zero phase difference even in the presence of coherences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Kumar Giri
- Finite Systems Division, Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Himangshu Prabal Goswami
- Finite Systems Division, Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
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14
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Hardal AÜC, Aslan N, Wilson CM, Müstecaplıoğlu ÖE. Quantum heat engine with coupled superconducting resonators. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:062120. [PMID: 29347310 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.062120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We propose a quantum heat engine composed of two superconducting transmission line resonators interacting with each other via an optomechanical-like coupling. One resonator is periodically excited by a thermal pump. The incoherently driven resonator induces coherent oscillations in the other one due to the coupling. A limit cycle, indicating finite power output, emerges in the thermodynamical phase space. The system implements an all-electrical analog of a photonic piston. Instead of mechanical motion, the power output is obtained as a coherent electrical charging in our case. We explore the differences between the quantum and classical descriptions of our system by solving the quantum master equation and classical Langevin equations. Specifically, we calculate the mean number of excitations, second-order coherence, as well as the entropy, temperature, power, and mean energy to reveal the signatures of quantum behavior in the statistical and thermodynamic properties of the system. We find evidence of a quantum enhancement in the power output of the engine at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ü C Hardal
- Department of Physics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul, 34450, Turkey.,Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 343, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nur Aslan
- Department of Physics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - C M Wilson
- Institute of Quantum Computing and Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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15
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Giri SK, Goswami HP. Geometric phaselike effects in a quantum heat engine. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:052129. [PMID: 29347686 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.052129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
By periodically driving the temperature of reservoirs in a quantum heat engine, geometric or Pancharatnam-Berry phaselike (PBp) effects in the thermodynamics can be observed. The PBp can be identified from a generating function (GF) method within an adiabatic quantum Markovian master equation formalism. The GF is shown not to lead to a standard open quantum system's fluctuation theorem in the presence of phase-different modulations with an inapplicability in the use of large deviation theory. Effect of quantum coherences in optimizing the flux is nullified due to PBp contributions. The linear coefficient, 1/2, which is universal in the expansion of the efficiency at maximum power in terms of Carnot efficiency no longer holds true in the presence of PBp effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Kumar Giri
- Finite Systems Division, Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
| | - Himangshu Prabal Goswami
- Finite Systems Division, Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Liu YM, Gao F, Fan CH, Wu JH. Asymmetric light diffraction of an atomic grating with PT symmetry. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:4283-4286. [PMID: 29088143 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.004283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold atoms trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices and driven to the four-level N configuration are exploited for achieving an electromagnetically induced grating with parity-time-symmetry. This nontrivial grating exhibits unidirectional diffraction patterns, e.g., with incident probe photons diffracted into either negative or positive angles, depending on the sign relation between spatially modulated absorption and dispersion coefficients. Such asymmetric light diffraction is a result of the out-of-phase interplay of amplitude and phase modulations of transmission function and can be easily tuned via optical depth, probe detuning, pump Rabi frequencies, etc.
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