1
|
Ma YZ, Lin Z, Lu BN, Elhatisari S, Lee D, Li N, Meißner UG, Steiner AW, Wang Q. Structure Factors for Hot Neutron Matter from Ab Initio Lattice Simulations with High-Fidelity Chiral Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:232502. [PMID: 38905669 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.232502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
We present the first ab initio lattice calculations of spin and density correlations in hot neutron matter using high-fidelity interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. These correlations have a large impact on neutrino heating and shock revival in core-collapse supernovae and are encapsulated in functions called structure factors. Unfortunately, calculations of structure factors using high-fidelity chiral interactions were well out of reach using existing computational methods. In this Letter, we solve the problem using a computational approach called the rank-one operator (RO) method. The RO method is a general technique with broad applications to simulations of fermionic many-body systems. It solves the problem of exponential scaling of computational effort when using perturbation theory for higher-body operators and higher-order corrections. Using the RO method, we compute the vector and axial static structure factors for hot neutron matter as a function of temperature and density. The ab initio lattice results are in good agreement with virial expansion calculations at low densities but are more reliable at higher densities. Random phase approximation codes used to estimate neutrino opacity in core-collapse supernovae simulations can now be calibrated with ab initio lattice calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zhuo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, USA
| | | | - Bing-Nan Lu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | | | | | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meißner UG, Shen S, Elhatisari S, Lee D. Ab Initio Calculation of the Alpha-Particle Monopole Transition Form Factor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:062501. [PMID: 38394570 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
We present a parameter-free ab initio calculation of the α-particle monopole transition form factor in the framework of nuclear lattice effective field theory. We use a minimal nuclear interaction that was previously used to reproduce the ground state properties of light nuclei, medium-mass nuclei, and neutron matter simultaneously with no more than a few percent error in the energies and charge radii. The results for the monopole transition form factor are in good agreement with recent precision data from Mainz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Institute for Advanced Simulation and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Shihang Shen
- Institute for Advanced Simulation and Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27010, Turkey
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen S, Elhatisari S, Lähde TA, Lee D, Lu BN, Meißner UG. Emergent geometry and duality in the carbon nucleus. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2777. [PMID: 37188675 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The carbon atom provides the backbone for the complex organic chemistry composing the building blocks of life. The physics of the carbon nucleus in its predominant isotope, 12C, is similarly full of multifaceted complexity. Here we provide a model-independent density map of the geometry of the nuclear states of 12C using the ab initio framework of nuclear lattice effective field theory. We find that the well-known but enigmatic Hoyle state is composed of a "bent-arm" or obtuse triangular arrangement of alpha clusters. We identify all of the low-lying nuclear states of 12C as having an intrinsic shape composed of three alpha clusters forming either an equilateral triangle or an obtuse triangle. The states with the equilateral triangle formation also have a dual description in terms of particle-hole excitations in the mean-field picture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihang Shen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, 27010, Turkey
| | - Timo A Lähde
- Institut für Kernphysik, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Center for Advanced Simulation and Analytics (CASA), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Bing-Nan Lu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Advanced Simulation and Analytics (CASA), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186, Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lu BN, Li N, Elhatisari S, Ma YZ, Lee D, Meißner UG. Perturbative Quantum Monte Carlo Method for Nuclear Physics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:242501. [PMID: 35776463 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.242501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While first order perturbation theory is routinely used in quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations, higher-order terms present significant numerical challenges. We present a new approach for computing perturbative corrections in projection QMC calculations. We demonstrate the method by computing nuclear ground state energies up to second order for a realistic chiral interaction. We calculate the binding energies of several light nuclei up to ^{16}O by expanding the Hamiltonian around the Wigner SU(4) limit and find good agreement with data. In contrast to the natural ordering of the perturbative series, we find remarkably large second-order energy corrections. This occurs because the perturbing interactions break the symmetries of the unperturbed Hamiltonian. Our method is free from the sign problem and can be applied to QMC calculations for many-body systems in nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, ultracold atoms, and quantum chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Nan Lu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27010, Turkey
| | - Yuan-Zhuo Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu BN, Li N, Elhatisari S, Lee D, Drut JE, Lähde TA, Epelbaum E, Meißner UG. Ab Initio Nuclear Thermodynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:192502. [PMID: 33216564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.192502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new Monte Carlo method called the pinhole trace algorithm for ab initio calculations of the thermodynamics of nuclear systems. For typical simulations of interest, the computational speedup relative to conventional grand-canonical ensemble calculations can be as large as a factor of one thousand. Using a leading-order effective interaction that reproduces the properties of many atomic nuclei and neutron matter to a few percent accuracy, we determine the location of the critical point and the liquid-vapor coexistence line for symmetric nuclear matter with equal numbers of protons and neutrons. We also present the first ab initio study of the density and temperature dependence of nuclear clustering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Nan Lu
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70100, Turkey
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Joaquín E Drut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA
| | - Timo A Lähde
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Evgeny Epelbaum
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dawkins WG, Carlson J, van Kolck U, Gezerlis A. Clustering of Four-Component Unitary Fermions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:143402. [PMID: 32338952 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.143402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio nuclear physics tackles the problem of strongly interacting four-component fermions. The same setting could foreseeably be probed experimentally in ultracold atomic systems, where two- and three-component experiments have led to major breakthroughs in recent years. Both due to the problem's inherent interest and as a pathway to nuclear physics, in this Letter we study four-component fermions at unitarity via the use of quantum Monte Carlo methods. We explore novel forms of the trial wave function and find one which leads to a ground state of the eight-particle system whose energy is almost equal to that of two four-particle systems. We investigate the clustering properties involved and also extrapolate to the zero-range limit. In addition to being experimentally testable, our results impact the prospects of developing nuclear physics as a perturbation around the unitary limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William G Dawkins
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J Carlson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - U van Kolck
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay, France
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Alexandros Gezerlis
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frame D, He R, Ipsen I, Lee D, Lee D, Rrapaj E. Eigenvector Continuation with Subspace Learning. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:032501. [PMID: 30085798 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A common challenge faced in quantum physics is finding the extremal eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a Hamiltonian matrix in a vector space so large that linear algebra operations on general vectors are not possible. There are numerous efficient methods developed for this task, but they generally fail when some control parameter in the Hamiltonian matrix exceeds some threshold value. In this Letter we present a new technique called eigenvector continuation that can extend the reach of these methods. The key insight is that while an eigenvector resides in a linear space with enormous dimensions, the eigenvector trajectory generated by smooth changes of the Hamiltonian matrix is well approximated by a very low-dimensional manifold. We prove this statement using analytic function theory and propose an algorithm to solve for the extremal eigenvectors. We benchmark the method using several examples from quantum many-body theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Frame
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Rongzheng He
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Ilse Ipsen
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Daniel Lee
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Ermal Rrapaj
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|