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Ebrahimian A, Dyrdał A, Qaiumzadeh A. Control of magnetic states and spin interactions in bilayer CrCl 3 with strain and electric fields: an ab initio study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5336. [PMID: 37005471 PMCID: PMC10067849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Using ab initio density functional theory, we demonstrated the possibility of controlling the magnetic ground-state properties of bilayer CrCl[Formula: see text] by means of mechanical strains and electric fields. In principle, we investigated the influence of these two fields on parameters describing the spin Hamiltonian of the system. The obtained results show that biaxial strains change the magnetic ground state between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases. The mechanical strain also affects the direction and amplitude of the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). Importantly, the direction and amplitude of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vectors are also highly tunable under external strain and electric fields. The competition between nearest-neighbor exchange interactions, MAE, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions can lead to the stabilization of various exotic spin textures and novel magnetic excitations. The high tunability of magnetic properties by external fields makes bilayer CrCl[Formula: see text] a promising candidate for application in the emerging field of two-dimensional quantum spintronics and magnonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ebrahimian
- Department of Mesoscopic Physics, ISQI, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Anna Dyrdał
- Department of Mesoscopic Physics, ISQI, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alireza Qaiumzadeh
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Ablimit A, He RH, Xie YY, Wu LA, Wang ZM. Quantum Energy Current Induced Coherence in a Spin Chain under Non-Markovian Environments. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1406. [PMID: 37420426 DOI: 10.3390/e24101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the time-dependent behaviour of the energy current between a quantum spin chain and its surrounding non-Markovian and finite temperature baths, together with its relationship to the coherence dynamics of the system. To be specific, both the system and the baths are assumed to be initially in thermal equilibrium at temperature Ts and Tb, respectively. This model plays a fundamental role in study of quantum system evolution towards thermal equilibrium in an open system. The non-Markovian quantum state diffusion (NMQSD) equation approach is used to calculate the dynamics of the spin chain. The effects of non-Markovianity, temperature difference and system-bath interaction strength on the energy current and the corresponding coherence in cold and warm baths are analyzed, respectively. We show that the strong non-Markovianity, weak system-bath interaction and low temperature difference will help to maintain the system coherence and correspond to a weaker energy current. Interestingly, the warm baths destroy the coherence while the cold baths help to build coherence. Furthermore, the effects of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and the external magnetic field on the energy current and coherence are analyzed. Both energy current and coherence will change due to the increase of the system energy induced by the DM interaction and magnetic field. Significantly, the minimal coherence corresponds to the critical magnetic field which causes the first order phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arapat Ablimit
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Run-Hong He
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yang-Yang Xie
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lian-Ao Wu
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Zhao-Ming Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Pylypovskyi OV, Kononenko DY, Yershov KV, Rößler UK, Tomilo AV, Fassbender J, van den Brink J, Makarov D, Sheka DD. Curvilinear One-Dimensional Antiferromagnets. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8157-8162. [PMID: 32986440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnets host exotic quasiparticles, support high frequency excitations and are key enablers of the prospective spintronic and spin-orbitronic technologies. Here, we propose a concept of a curvilinear antiferromagnetism where material responses can be tailored by a geometrical curvature without the need to adjust material parameters. We show that an intrinsically achiral one-dimensional (1D) curvilinear antiferromagnet behaves as a chiral helimagnet with geometrically tunable Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and orientation of the Néel vector. The curvature-induced DMI results in the hybridization of spin wave modes and enables a geometrically driven local minimum of the low-frequency branch. This positions curvilinear 1D antiferromagnets as a novel platform for the realization of geometrically tunable chiral antiferromagnets for antiferromagnetic spin-orbitronics and fundamental discoveries in the formation of coherent magnon condensates in the momentum space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr V Pylypovskyi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Dresden 01328, Germany
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Denys Y Kononenko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Kostiantyn V Yershov
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Ulrich K Rößler
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Artem V Tomilo
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Jürgen Fassbender
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Denys Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Denis D Sheka
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
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Wang XS, Qaiumzadeh A, Brataas A. Current-Driven Dynamics of Magnetic Hopfions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:147203. [PMID: 31702184 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.147203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Topological magnetic textures have attracted considerable interest since they exhibit new properties and might be useful in information technology. Magnetic hopfions are three-dimensional (3D) spatial variations in the magnetization with a nontrivial Hopf index. We find that, in ferromagnetic materials, two types of hopfions, Bloch-type and Néel-type hopfions, can be excited as metastable states in the presence of bulk and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, respectively. We further investigate how hopfions can be driven by currents via spin-transfer torques (STTs) and spin-Hall torques (SHTs). Distinct from 2D ferromagnetic skyrmions, hopfions have a vanishing gyrovector. Consequently, there are no undesirable Hall effects. Néel-type hopfions move along the current direction via both STT and SHT, while Bloch-type hopfions move either transverse to the current direction via SHT or parallel to the current direction via STT. Our findings open the door to utilizing hopfions as information carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Wang
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Qaiumzadeh
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Brataas
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Ado IA, Qaiumzadeh A, Duine RA, Brataas A, Titov M. Asymmetric and Symmetric Exchange in a Generalized 2D Rashba Ferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:086802. [PMID: 30192599 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.086802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is investigated in a 2D ferromagnet (FM) with spin-orbit interaction of Rashba type at finite temperatures. The FM is described in the continuum limit by an effective s-d model with arbitrary dependence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and kinetic energy of itinerant electrons on the absolute value of momentum. In the limit of weak SOC, we derive a general expression for the DMI constant D from a microscopic analysis of the electronic grand potential. We compare D with the exchange stiffness A and show that, to the leading order in small SOC strength α_{R}, the conventional relation D=(4mα_{R}/ℏ)A, in general, does not hold beyond the Bychkov-Rashba model. Moreover, in this model, both A and D vanish at zero temperature in the metal regime (i.e., when two spin sub-bands are partly occupied). For nonparabolic bands or nonlinear Rashba coupling, these coefficients are finite and acquire a nontrivial dependence on the chemical potential that demonstrates the possibility to control the size and chirality of magnetic textures by adjusting a gate voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Ado
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - A Qaiumzadeh
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - R A Duine
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Centre for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, 3584 CE Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Post Office Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - A Brataas
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Titov
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
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