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Wang H, Zhou H, Zhang L, Chen Z. Ex Situ Production and Storage of Exciton-Polariton Vortices in Higher-Order Topological Corner Modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:096901. [PMID: 39270179 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.096901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
We propose a scheme for producing and manipulating quantized exciton-polariton vortices in the higher-order topological corner modes of a two-dimensional array of micropillars. By nonresonantly exciting p-orbital condensates with different orientations at two input corners, polariton vortices carrying the required topological charges can be controllably created at output corners away from the pumping spots. Besides, polariton vortices formed at input corners can be copied to the output corners through the topological edge states. Our scheme provides topological double insurance for intrinsic binary information memory and holds potential applications in remote information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Long Zhang
- Department of physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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2
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Barrat J, Cherbunin R, Sedov E, Aladinskaia E, Liubomirov A, Litvyak V, Petrov M, Zhou X, Hatzopoulos Z, Kavokin A, Savvidis PG. Stochastic circular persistent currents of exciton polaritons. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12953. [PMID: 38839986 PMCID: PMC11153513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We monitor the orbital degree of freedom of exciton-polariton condensates confined within an optical trap and unveil the stochastic switching of persistent annular polariton currents under pulse-periodic excitation. Within an elliptical trap, the low-lying in energy polariton current states manifest as a two-petaled density distribution with a swirling phase. In the stochastic regime, the density distribution, averaged over multiple excitation pulses, becomes homogenized in the azimuthal direction. Meanwhile, the weighted phase, extracted from interference experiments, exhibits two compensatory jumps when varied around the center of the trap. Introducing a supplemental control optical pulse to break the reciprocity of the system enables the transition from a stochastic to a deterministic regime, allowing for controlled polariton circulation direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barrat
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Roman Cherbunin
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Evgeny Sedov
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia.
- Stoletov Vladimir State University, Gorky str. 87, Vladimir, 600000, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Aladinskaia
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Alexey Liubomirov
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Valentina Litvyak
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Mikhail Petrov
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Hatzopoulos
- FORTH-IESL, P.O. Box 1527, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexey Kavokin
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudnyi, 141701, Russia
| | - P G Savvidis
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- FORTH-IESL, P.O. Box 1527, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Del Valle-Inclan Redondo Y, Schneider C, Klembt S, Höfling S, Tarucha S, Fraser MD. Optically Driven Rotation of Exciton-Polariton Condensates. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4564-4571. [PMID: 37129463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The rotational response of quantum condensed fluids is strikingly distinct from rotating classical fluids, especially notable for the excitation and ordering of quantized vortex ensembles. Although widely studied in conservative systems, the dynamics of rotating open-dissipative superfluids such as exciton-polariton condensates remains largely unexplored, as it requires high-frequency rotation while avoiding resonantly driving the condensate. We create a rotating polariton condensate at gigahertz frequencies by off-resonantly pumping with a rotating optical stirrer composed of the time-dependent interference of two frequency-offset, structured laser modes. Acquisition of angular momentum exceeding the critical 1ℏ/particle is directly measured, accompanied by the deterministic nucleation and capture of quantized vortices with a handedness controlled by the pump rotation direction. The demonstration of controlled optical rotation of a spontaneously formed polariton condensate enables new opportunities for the study of open dissipative superfluidity, ordering of non-Hermitian quantized vortex matter, and topological states in a highly nonlinear, photonic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yago Del Valle-Inclan Redondo
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics & Informatics Laboratories (PHI Lab), NTT Research, Inc., Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States
| | | | - Sebastian Klembt
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen-Research Center for Complex Material System, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sven Höfling
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen-Research Center for Complex Material System, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Seigo Tarucha
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Michael D Fraser
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics & Informatics Laboratories (PHI Lab), NTT Research, Inc., Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States
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Jheng SD, Chen TW, Cheng SC. Spontaneous giant vortices and circular supercurrents in a trapped exciton-polariton condensate. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:35325-35337. [PMID: 36258486 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically study an exciton-polariton condensate trapped in a harmonic potential with an annular pump. With a circular pump, predictions were made for a spontaneous rotating vortex lattice packed by singly quantized vortices. If the circular pump is replaced by an annular pump, singly quantized vortices are absorbed into the central hole and form a multiply quantized vortex. For a sufficiently narrow annular width, all vortices are absorbed into the central hole, ultimately forming a giant vortex with supersonic circular supercurrents flowing around it. Vortex-antivortex pairs can be generated if a defect is present in these supersonic circular supercurrents. We further discover that the motion of the vortex-antivortex pairs depends on the position at which they were generated. We suggest that this property can be used to control whether the velocity of the circular supercurrents is above or below the sound velocity.
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Sitnik KA, Alyatkin S, Töpfer JD, Gnusov I, Cookson T, Sigurdsson H, Lagoudakis PG. Spontaneous Formation of Time-Periodic Vortex Cluster in Nonlinear Fluids of Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:237402. [PMID: 35749201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.237402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate spontaneous formation of a nonlinear vortex cluster state in a microcavity exciton-polariton condensate with time-periodic sign flipping of its topological charges at the GHz scale. When optically pumped with a ring-shaped nonresonant laser, the trapped condensate experiences intricate high-order mode competition and fractures into two distinct trap levels. The resulting mode interference leads to robust condensate density beatings with periodic appearance of orderly arranged phase singularities. Our work opens new perspectives on creating structured free-evolving light, and singular optics in the strong light-matter coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Sitnik
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Alyatkin
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian D Töpfer
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Gnusov
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamsin Cookson
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Helgi Sigurdsson
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Pavlos G Lagoudakis
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Cheng SC, Jheng SD, Chen TW. Half-skyrmions with higher topological quantum numbers in homogeneous exciton-polariton condensates. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:054216. [PMID: 34942800 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.054216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the topological excitations of half-quantum vortices (HQVs) with higher topological quantum numbers in a homogeneous spinor exciton-polariton condensate pumped by a laser beam and an additional coherent light carrying orbital angular momentum. The spin texture and integrated topological charge can be controlled through the pump. Among these textures, the polaritonic half-skyrmions (or polaritonic merons) can be created with a suitable excitation condition. Moreover, when the pump polarization is in favor of the vortex component of the HQV, there is an inversion of circular polarization (spin flipping) from the center of the HQV towards the edge. The radial flipping position can be manipulated by the pump polarization or power. Finally, we demonstrate that the HQVs can stably exist from the linear stability analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Cheng Cheng
- Department of Optoelectric Physics, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Quantum Computation and Information Center, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Da Jheng
- Department of Optoelectric Physics, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Quantum Computation and Information Center, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ting-Wei Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Simbulan KB, Huang TD, Peng GH, Li F, Gomez Sanchez OJ, Lin JD, Lu CI, Yang CS, Qi J, Cheng SJ, Lu TH, Lan YW. Selective Photoexcitation of Finite-Momentum Excitons in Monolayer MoS 2 by Twisted Light. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3481-3489. [PMID: 33566571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Twisted light carries a well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) of lℏ per photon. The quantum number l of its OAM can be arbitrarily set, making it an excellent light source to realize high-dimensional quantum entanglement and ultrawide bandwidth optical communication structures. In spite of its interesting properties, twisted light interaction with solid state materials, particularly two-dimensional materials, is yet to be extensively studied via experiments. In this work, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy studies of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a material with ultrastrong light-matter interaction due to reduced dimensionality, are carried out under photoexcitation of twisted light. It is observed that the measured spectral peak energy increases for every increment of l of the incident light. The nonlinear l-dependence of the spectral blue shifts is well accounted for by the analysis and computational simulation of this work. More excitingly, the twisted light excitation revealed the unusual lightlike exciton band dispersion of valley excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. This linear exciton band dispersion is predicted by previous theoretical studies and evidenced via this work's experimental setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristan Bryan Simbulan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
| | - Teng-De Huang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Hao Peng
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Feng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jhen-Dong Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Lu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Shan Yang
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Junjie Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Jen Cheng
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hua Lu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Wen Lan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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Kyriienko O, Krizhanovskii DN, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear Quantum Optics with Trion Polaritons in 2D Monolayers: Conventional and Unconventional Photon Blockade. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:197402. [PMID: 33216594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study a 2D system of trion polaritons at the quantum level and demonstrate that for monolayer semiconductors they can exhibit a strongly nonlinear optical response. The effect is due to the composite nature of trion-based excitations resulting in their nontrivial quantum statistical properties, and enhanced phase space filling effects. We present the full quantum theory to describe the statistics of trion polaritons, and demonstrate that the associated nonlinearity persists at the level of few quanta, where two qualitatively different regimes of photon antibunching are present for weak and strong single photon-trion coupling. We find that single photon emission from trion polaritons becomes experimentally feasible in state-of-the-art transition metal dichalcogenide setups. This can foster the development of quantum polaritonics using 2D monolayers as a material platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kyriienko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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Kartashov YV, Zezyulin DA. Rotating patterns in polariton condensates in ring-shaped potentials under a bichromatic pump. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:4805-4808. [PMID: 31568447 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.004805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We consider a polariton condensate in a microcavity driven by a bichromatic resonant pump formed by two vortical laser beams carrying different topological charges. The system is additionally confined in a ring-shaped potential. We show that in this system, steadily rotating nonlinear localized modes can be excited, whose angular rotation frequency is determined by optical frequencies and topological charges of the pump beams. When pump frequencies approach eigenfrequencies of the modes of the ring potential, resonant growth of peak amplitude of the excited states occurs. Repulsive polariton-polariton interactions lead to tilting of the resonance curves and appearance of bistability of rotating patterns.
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