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Aerts A, Jolly SW, Kockaert P, Gorza SP, Auwera JV, Vaeck N. Modulated super-Gaussian laser pulse to populate a dark rovibrational state of acetylene. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:084303. [PMID: 37638622 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A pulse-shaping technique in the mid-infrared spectral range based on pulses with a super-Gaussian temporal profile is considered for laser control. We show a realistic and efficient path to the population of a dark rovibrational state in acetylene (C2H2). The laser-induced dynamics in C2H2 are simulated using fully experimental structural parameters. Indeed, the rotation-vibration energy structure, including anharmonicities, is defined by the global spectroscopic Hamiltonian for the ground electronic state of C2H2 built from the extensive high-resolution spectroscopy studies on the molecule, transition dipole moments from intensities, and the effects of the (inelastic) collisions that are parameterized from line broadenings using the relaxation matrix [A. Aerts, J. Vander Auwera, and N. Vaeck, J. Chem. Phys. 154, 144308 (2021)]. The approach, based on an effective Hamiltonian, outperforms today's ab initio computations both in terms of accuracy and computational cost for this class of molecules. With such accuracy, the Hamiltonian permits studying the inner mechanism of theoretical pulse shaping [A. Aerts et al., J. Chem. Phys. 156, 084302 (2022)] for laser quantum control. Here, the generated control pulse presents a number of interferences that take advantage of the control mechanism to populate the dark state. An experimental setup is proposed for in-laboratory investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Aerts
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 160/09, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Spencer W Jolly
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, OPERA-Photonique, 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 194/05, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Pascal Kockaert
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, OPERA-Photonique, 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 194/05, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Simon-Pierre Gorza
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, OPERA-Photonique, 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 194/05, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Jean Vander Auwera
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 160/09, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vaeck
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, C.P. 160/09, Brussels 1050, Belgium
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Nakamura K, Fukahori S, Hasegawa H. Rotational dynamics and transitions between Λ-type doubling of NO induced by an intense two-color laser field. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:174308. [PMID: 34742217 DOI: 10.1063/5.0071516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We numerically investigate the rotational dynamics of NO in the electronic ground X2Π state induced by an intense two-color laser field (10 TW/cm2) as a function of pulse duration (0.3-25 ps). In the short pulse duration of less than 12 ps, rotational Raman excitation is effectively induced and results in molecular orientation. On the contrary, when the pulse duration is longer than 15 ps, the rotational excitation is suppressed. In addition to the rotational excitation, we find that transitions between Λ-type doubling are induced. Significantly, the maximum coherent wave packet between Λ-type doubling in J = 0.5 is generated using the pulse duration of 19.8 ps. The wave packet changes to the eigenstates of Λ = +1 or -1 alternatively, where Λ is the projection of the electronic orbital angular momentum on the N-O axis, which is regarded as the unidirectional rotation of an unpaired 2π electron around the N-O axis in a space-fixed frame as well as in a molecule-fixed frame. The experimental method to observe the alternation of the rotational direction of the electron around the N-O axis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nakamura
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shinichi Fukahori
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hasegawa
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Maan A, Tyagi A, Prasad V. Field-free molecular orientation by delayed elliptically polarised laser pulses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 188:268-275. [PMID: 28732284 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical model of NAREX (non-adiabatic rotational excitation) and field-free molecular orientation by a short specific elliptically polarised laser pulses (EPLPs) driving a polar molecule is presented. By choosing the proper value of elliptically polarised field parameters, efficient field-free orientation could be achieved. It is demonstrated that NAREX can be controlled by various laser parameters, out of which pulse shape plays the most significant role. The effect of elliptic parameter on the rotational excitation and orientation dynamics is also under concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Maan
- Department of Physics, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India; Department of Physics, Pt.N.R.S.G.C.Rohtak, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110036, Delhi, India.
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110036, Delhi, India.
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Katsuki H, Ohmori K. Simultaneous manipulation and observation of multiple ro-vibrational eigenstates in solid para-hydrogen. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:124316. [PMID: 27782629 DOI: 10.1063/1.4963223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have experimentally performed the coherent control of delocalized ro-vibrational wave packets (RVWs) of solid para-hydrogen (p-H2) by the wave packet interferometry (WPI) combined with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). RVWs of solid p-H2 are delocalized in the crystal, and the wave function with wave vector k ∼ 0 is selectively excited via the stimulated Raman process. We have excited the RVW twice by a pair of femtosecond laser pulses with delay controlled by a stabilized Michelson interferometer. Using a broad-band laser pulse, multiple ro-vibrational states can be excited simultaneously. We have observed the time-dependent Ramsey fringe spectra as a function of the inter-pulse delay by a spectrally resolved CARS technique using a narrow-band probe pulse, resolving the different intermediate states. Due to the different fringe oscillation periods among those intermediate states, we can manipulate their amplitude ratio by tuning the inter-pulse delay on the sub-femtosecond time scale. The state-selective manipulation and detection of the CARS signal combined with the WPI is a general and efficient protocol for the control of the interference of multiple quantum states in various quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Katsuki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohmori
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Huang Y, Xu S, Zhang S. Selective excitation and control of the molecular orientation by a phase shaped laser pulse. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16259b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective excitation and control of the molecular orientation is realized by a dual-color phase-shaped laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuwu Xu
- School of Science
- Nantong University
- Nantong
- China
| | - Shian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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Mizuse K, Kitano K, Hasegawa H, Ohshima Y. Quantum unidirectional rotation directly imaged with molecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1400185. [PMID: 26601205 PMCID: PMC4646765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A gas-phase molecular ensemble coherently excited to have an oriented rotational angular momentum has recently emerged as an appropriate microscopic system to illustrate quantum mechanical behavior directly linked to classical rotational motion, which has a definite direction. To realize an intuitive visualization of such a unidirectional molecular rotation, we report high-resolution direct imaging of direction-controlled rotational wave packets in nitrogen molecules. The rotational direction was regulated by a pair of time-delayed, polarization-skewed laser pulses, introducing the dynamic chirality to the system. The subsequent spatiotemporal propagation was tracked by a newly developed Coulomb explosion imaging setup. From the observed molecular movie, time-dependent detailed nodal structures, instantaneous alignment, angular dispersion, and fractional revivals of the wave packet are fully characterized while the ensemble keeps rotating in one direction. The present approach, providing an accurate view on unidirectional rotation in quantum regime, will guide more sophisticated molecular manipulations by utilizing its capability in capturing highly structured spatiotemporal evolution of molecular wave packets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Mizuse
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences and SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kenta Kitano
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hasegawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ohshima
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences and SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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Fleischer S, Khodorkovsky Y, Gershnabel E, Prior Y, Averbukh IS. Molecular Alignment Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses and Its Impact on Molecular Motion. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Zhao S, Lu H, Liu P, Li R, Xu Z. Active control scheme and mechanism in the two-pulse molecular alignment. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Townsend
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Benjamin J. Sussman
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
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10
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Ohshima Y, Hasegawa H. Coherent rotational excitation by intense nonresonant laser fields. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2010.511769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wu C, Zeng G, Gao Y, Xu N, Peng LY, Jiang H, Gong Q. Controlling molecular rotational population by wave-packet interference. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:231102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3155063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Li Y, Liu P, Zhao S, Zeng Z, Li R, Xu Z. Active control of the molecular rotational wave packet using two laser pulses. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Goban A, Minemoto S, Sakai H. Laser-field-free molecular orientation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:013001. [PMID: 18764108 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate laser-field-free molecular orientation with the combination of a moderate electrostatic field and an intense nonresonant rapidly turned-off laser field, which can be shaped with the plasma shutter technique. We use OCS (carbonyl sulfide) molecules as a sample. Molecular orientation is adiabatically created in the rising part of the laser pulse, and it is found to revive at around the rotational period of an OCS molecule with the same degree of orientation as that at the peak of the laser pulse in the virtually laser-field-free condition. This accomplishment means that a new class of molecular sample has become available for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Goban
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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15
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Tscherbul TV, Krems RV. Manipulating spin-dependent interactions in rotationally excited cold molecules with electric fields. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:194311. [PMID: 17129107 DOI: 10.1063/1.2374896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We use rigorous quantum mechanical theory to study collisions of magnetically oriented cold molecules in the presence of superimposed electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that electric fields suppress the spin-rotation interaction in rotationally excited 2Sigma molecules and inhibit rotationally elastic and inelastic transitions accompanied by electron spin reorientation. We demonstrate that electric fields enhance collisional spin relaxation in 3Sigma molecules and discuss the mechanisms for electric field control of spin-changing transitions in collisions of rotationally excited CaD(2Sigma) and ND(3Sigma) molecules with helium atoms. The propensities for spin depolarization in the rotationally excited molecules are analyzed based on the calculations of collision rate constants at T=0.5 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Tscherbul
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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16
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Ramakrishna S, Seideman T. Dissipative dynamics of laser induced nonadiabatic molecular alignment. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:034101. [PMID: 16438561 DOI: 10.1063/1.2130708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonadiabatic alignment induced by short, moderately intense laser pulses in molecules coupled to dissipative environments is studied within a nonperturbative density matrix theory. We focus primarily on exploring and extending a recently proposed approach [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 113001 (2005)], wherein nonadiabatic laser alignment is used as a coherence spectroscopy that probes the dissipative properties of the solvent. To that end we apply the method to several molecular collision systems that exhibit sufficiently varied behavior to represent a broad variety of chemical environments. These include molecules in low temperature gas jets, in room temperature gas cells, and in dense liquids. We examine also the possibility of prolonging the duration of the field free (post-pulse) alignment in dissipative media by a proper choice of the system parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Miyazaki K, Kaku M, Miyaji G, Abdurrouf A, Faisal FHM. Field-free alignment of molecules observed with high-order harmonic generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:243903. [PMID: 16384381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.243903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
High-order harmonic generation is demonstrated to provide a sensitive way for an extensive study of dynamic processes in the field-free alignment of strong-field-induced molecular rotational wave packets. The time-dependent harmonic signal observed from field-free-aligned N2, O2, and CO2 has been found to include two sets of beat frequency for pairs of coherently populated rotational states. One of them is the well-known frequency component characterizing the field-free alignment of molecules, and the other is ascribed to the beat that arises from coherence embedded in the wave packet. We discuss the effect of each frequency component on the revival signal observed with the harmonic generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyazaki
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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Ramakrishna S, Seideman T. Intense laser alignment in dissipative media as a route to solvent dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:113001. [PMID: 16196999 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We extend the concept of alignment by short intense pulses to dissipative environments within a density matrix formalism and illustrate the application of this method as a probe of the dissipative properties of dense media. In particular, we propose a means of disentangling rotational population relaxation from decoherence effects via strong laser alignment. We illustrate also the possibility of suppressing rotational relaxation to prolong the alignment lifetime through choice of the field parameters. Implications to several disciplines and a number of potential applications are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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Daems D, Guérin S, Hertz E, Jauslin HR, Lavorel B, Faucher O. Field-free two-direction alignment alternation of linear molecules by elliptic laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:063005. [PMID: 16090947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.063005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We show that a linear molecule subjected to a short specific elliptically polarized laser field yields post-pulse revivals exhibiting alignment alternatively located along the orthogonal axis and the major axis of the ellipse. The effect is experimentally demonstrated by measuring the optical Kerr effect along two different axes. The conditions ensuring an optimal field-free alternation of high alignments along both directions are derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daems
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 5027, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France.
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Abstract
▪ Abstract Significant advances in laser technology have led to an increasing interest in the time evolution of Rydberg wavepackets as a means to understanding, and ultimately controlling, quantum phenomena. Rydberg wavepackets in molecules are particularly interesting as they possess many of the dynamical complications of large molecules, such as nonadiabatic coupling between the various degrees of freedom, yet they remain tractable experimentally and theoretically. This review explains in detail how the method of interfering wavepackets can be applied to observe and control Rydberg wavepackets in molecules; it discusses the achievements to date and the possibilities for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Fielding
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.
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21
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Boléat ED, Fielding * HH. Optical control of the quantum-state distribution of vibrational wave packets using trains of phase-locked pulses. Mol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970512331316049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stavros VG, Harel E, Leone SR. The influence of intense control laser pulses on homodyne-detected rotational wave packet dynamics in O2 by degenerate four-wave mixing. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:064301. [PMID: 15740366 DOI: 10.1063/1.1843817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We illustrate how the preparation and probing of rotational Raman wave packets in O(2) detected by time-dependent degenerate four-wave mixing (TD-DFWM) can be manipulated by an additional time-delayed control pulse. By controlling the time delay of this field, we are able to induce varying amounts of additional Rabi cycling among multiple rotational states within the system. The additional Rabi cycling is manifested as a change in the signal detection from homodyne detected to heterodyne detected, depending on the degree of rotational alignment induced. At the highest laser intensities, Rabi cycling among multiple rotational states cannot account for the almost complete transformation to a heterodyne-detected signal, suggesting a second mechanism involving ionization. The analysis we present for these effects, involving the formation of static alignment by Rabi cycling at moderate laser intensities and possibly ion gratings at the highest intensities, appears to be consistent with the experimental findings and may offer viable explanations for the switching from homodyne to heterodyne detection observed in similar DFWM experiments at high laser field intensities (>10(13) W/cm(2)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios G Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Lee KF, Villeneuve DM, Corkum PB, Shapiro EA. Phase control of rotational wave packets and quantum information. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:233601. [PMID: 15601157 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.233601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lasers can create rotational wave packets in gas-phase molecules which periodically revive as field-free, aligned distributions. We control the wave packet evolution with relatively weak laser pulses at fractional revivals which modify the phase between wave packet components. We demonstrate two phase control effects in oxygen: coherently switching revivals off and on, and doubling the revival frequency. When viewed as a quantum logic system, these effects correspond to a Hadamard and a T operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin F Lee
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
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Shapiro EA, Ivanov MY, Billig Y. Coarse-grained controllability of wavepackets by free evolution and phase shifts. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:9925-33. [PMID: 15268011 DOI: 10.1063/1.1730156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an approach to controlling wavepacket dynamics and a criterion of wavepacket controllability based on discretized properties of the wavepacket's localization on the orbit. The notion of "coarse-grained control" and the coarse-grained description of the controllability in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces are introduced and studied using the mathematical apparatus of loop groups. We prove that 2D rotational wavepackets are controllable by only free evolution and phase kicks by AC Stark shift implemented at fractional revivals. This scheme works even if the AC Stark shifts can have only a smooth coordinate dependence, correspondent to the action of a linearly polarized laser field.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shapiro
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Science, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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