1
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Lee KP, Kim C. Photosynthetic ROS and retrograde signaling pathways. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39286853 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Sessile plants harness mitochondria and chloroplasts to sense and adapt to diverse environmental stimuli. These complex processes involve the generation of pivotal signaling molecules, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), phytohormones, volatiles, and diverse metabolites. Furthermore, the specific modulation of chloroplast proteins, through activation or deactivation, significantly enhances the plant's capacity to engage with its dynamic surroundings. While existing reviews have extensively covered the role of plastidial retrograde modules in developmental and light signaling, our focus lies in investigating how chloroplasts leverage photosynthetic ROS to navigate environmental fluctuations and counteract oxidative stress, thereby sustaining primary metabolism. Unraveling the nuanced interplay between photosynthetic ROS and plant stress responses holds promise for uncovering new insights that could reinforce stress resistance and optimize net photosynthesis rates. This exploration aspires to pave the way for innovative strategies to enhance plant resilience and agricultural productivity amidst changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Pyo Lee
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Chanhong Kim
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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2
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Tabur S, Ozmen S, Oney-Birol S. Promoter role of putrescine for molecular and biochemical processes under drought stress in barley. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19202. [PMID: 39160181 PMCID: PMC11333763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought, which adversely affects plant growth and continuity of life and reduces product yield and quality, is one of the most common abiotic stresses at the globally. One of the polyamines that regulates plant development and reacts to abiotic stressors, including drought stress, is Putrescine (Put). This study compared the physiological and molecular effects of applying exogenous Put (10 µM) to barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Burakbey) under drought stress (- 6.30 mPa PEG 6000). The 21-day drought stress imposed on the barley plant had a strong negative effect on plant metabolism in all experimental groups. Exogenous Put treatment under drought stress had a reformative effect on the cell cycle (transitions from G0-G1 to S and from S to G2-M), total protein content (almost 100%), endogenous polyamine content, malondialdehyde (MDA) (70%), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (62%) levels compared to the drought stress plants. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (12%) and catalase (CAT) (32%) enzyme levels in the same group increased further after exogenous Put application, forming a response to drought stress. Consequently, it was discovered that the administration of exogenous Put in barley raises endogenous polyamine levels and then improves drought tolerance due to increased antioxidant capability, cell division stimulation, and total protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Tabur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Serkan Ozmen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Signem Oney-Birol
- Department of Moleculer Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey.
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3
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Xiao L, Jiang G, Lai H, Duan X, Yan H, Chen S, Chen Z, Duan X. Study on a Mechanism of Improving MaAPX1 Protein Activity by Mutating Methionine to Lysine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:843. [PMID: 39061911 PMCID: PMC11273533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are key components of the ascorbate-glytathione cycle, which plays an important role in removing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. Herein, MaAPX1 was verified as being involved in the ripening and senescence of banana fruit, exhibiting responsiveness to the accumulation of ROS and the oxidation of proteins. Site-directed mutation was applied to explore the mechanism of MaAPX1 activity changes. We found that the 32-site cysteine (Cys, C) served as a potential S-nitrosylation site. The mutant MaAPX1C32S activity was decreased significantly when Cys32 was mutated to serine (Ser, S). Intriguingly, the neighboring conserved 36-site methionine (Met, M), which is adjacent to Cys32, displayed an enzyme activity that was approximately five times higher than that of the wild-type MaAPX1 when mutated to lysine (Lys, K). Utilizing LC-MS/MS spectroscopy coupled with stopped-flow analysis showed that the enhanced MaAPX1M36K activity might be due to the increased S-nitrosylation level of Cys32 and the promotion of intermediate (compound I, the first intermediate product of the reaction of APX with H2O2) production. Molecular docking simulations showed that the S-N bond between Cys32 and Lys36 in MaAPX1M36K might have a function in protecting the thiol of Cys32 from oxidation. MaAPX1M36K, a promising mutant, possesses immense potential for improving the antioxidant capabilities of APX in the realm of bioengineering technology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guoxiang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Hongmei Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiaoyan Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Huiling Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Shaoge Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Zexin Chen
- Accurate International Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510535, China;
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.X.); (G.J.); (H.L.); (X.D.); (S.C.)
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4
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Ascorbate peroxidase in fruits and modulation of its activity by reactive species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2716-2732. [PMID: 38442039 PMCID: PMC11066807 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is one of the enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and is the key enzyme that breaks down H2O2 with the aid of ascorbate as an electron source. APX is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes from algae to higher plants and, at the cellular level, it is localized in all subcellular compartments where H2O2 is generated, including the apoplast, cytosol, plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, either in soluble form or attached to the organelle membranes. APX activity can be modulated by various post-translational modifications including tyrosine nitration, S-nitrosation, persulfidation, and S-sulfenylation. This allows the connection of H2O2 metabolism with other relevant signaling molecules such as NO and H2S, thus building a complex coordination system. In both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, APX plays a key role during the ripening process and during post-harvest, since it participates in the regulation of both H2O2 and ascorbate levels affecting fruit quality. Currently, the exogenous application of molecules such as NO, H2S, H2O2, and, more recently, melatonin is seen as a new alternative to maintain and extend the shelf life and quality of fruits because they can modulate APX activity as well as other antioxidant systems. Therefore, these molecules are being considered as new biotechnological tools to improve crop quality in the horticultural industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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5
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Zhao M, Gao Z, Kuang C, Chen X. Partial root-zone drying combined with nitrogen treatments mitigates drought responses in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1381491. [PMID: 38685964 PMCID: PMC11056961 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1381491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major stress affecting rice yields. Combining partial root-zone drying (PRD) and different nitrogen fertilizers reduces the damage caused by water stress in rice. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we combined treatments with PRD and ammonia:nitrate nitrogen at 0:100 (PRD0:100) and 50:50 (PRD50:50) ratios or PEG and nitrate nitrogen at 0:100 (PEG0:100) ratios in rice. Physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed on rice leaves to identify key genes involved in water stress tolerance under different nitrogen forms and PRD pretreatments. Our results indicated that, in contrast to PRD0:100, PRD50:50 elevated the superoxide dismutase activity in leaves to accelerate the scavenging of ROS accumulated by osmotic stress, attenuated the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, stabilized photosynthesis, and elevated the relative water content of leaves to alleviate the drought-induced osmotic stress. Moreover, the alleviation ability was better under PRD50:50 treatment than under PRD0:100. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses of PRD0:100 vs PRD50:50 revealed that the differences in PRD involvement in water stress tolerance under different nitrogen pretreatments were mainly in photosynthesis, oxidative stress, nitrogen metabolism process, phytohormone signaling, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites. Some key genes may play an important role in these pathways, including OsGRX4, OsNDPK2, OsGS1;1, OsNR1.2, OsSUS7, and YGL8. Thus, the osmotic stress tolerance mediated by PRD and nitrogen cotreatment is influenced by different nitrogen forms. Our results provide new insights into osmotic stress tolerance mediated by PRD and nitrogen cotreatment, demonstrate the essential role of nitrogen morphology in PRD-induced molecular regulation, and identify genes that contribute to further improving stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in the Northern Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Biology and Agriculture, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in the Northern Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Biology and Agriculture, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyi Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in the Northern Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Biology and Agriculture, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in the Northern Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Biology and Agriculture, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
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Wang D, Zheng J, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Chen J. Unveiling terahertz wave stress effects and mechanisms in Pinellia ternata: Challenges, insights, and future directions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14195. [PMID: 38332400 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to elucidate the intricate effects and mechanisms of terahertz (THz) wave stress on Pinellia ternata, providing valuable insights into plant responses. The primary objective is to highlight the imperative for future research dedicated to comprehending THz wave impacts across plant structures, with a specific focus on the molecular intricacies governing root system structure and function, from shoots to roots. Notably, this review highlights the accelerated plant growth induced by THz waves, especially in conjunction with other environmental stressors, and the subsequent alterations in cellular homeostasis, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in brassinosteroids. Brassinosteroids are explored for their dual role as toxic by-products of stress metabolism and vital signal transduction molecules in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The paper further investigates the spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of phytohormones, including growth hormone, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA), which significantly influence the growth and development of P. ternata under THz wave stress. With a comprehensive review of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Brassinosteroid Insensitive (BRI) homeostasis and signalling under THz wave stress, the article elucidates the current understanding of BRI involvement in stress perception, stress signalling, and domestication response regulation. Additionally, it underscores the importance of spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of key plant hormones, such as growth hormone, cytokinin, and ABA, in determining root growth and development under THz wave stress. The study of how plants perceive and respond to environmental stresses holds fundamental biological significance, and enhancing plant stress tolerance is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating the environmental burdens associated with low-tolerance crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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7
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Bhardwaj R, Lone JK, Pandey R, Mondal N, Dhandapani R, Meena SK, Khan S. Insights into morphological and physio-biochemical adaptive responses in mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.) under heat stress. Front Genet 2023; 14:1206451. [PMID: 37396038 PMCID: PMC10308031 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1206451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is an important food legume crop which contributes significantly to nutritional and food security of South and Southeast Asia. The crop thrives in hot and humid weather conditions, with an optimal temperature range of 28°-35°C, and is mainly cultivated under rainfed environments. However, the rising global temperature has posed a serious threat to mungbean cultivation. Optimal temperature is a vital factor in cellular processes, and every crop species has evolved with its specific temperature tolerance ability. Moreover, variation within a crop species is inevitable, given the diverse environmental conditions under which it has evolved. For instance, various mungbean germplasm can grow and produce seeds in extreme ambient temperatures as low as 20°C or as high as 45°C. This range of variation in mungbean germplasm for heat tolerance plays a crucial role in developing heat tolerant and high yielding mungbean cultivars. However, heat tolerance is a complex mechanism which is extensively discussed in this manuscript; and at the same time individual genotypes have evolved with various ways of heat stress tolerance. Therefore, to enhance understanding towards such variability in mungbean germplasm, we studied morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical traits which are responsive to heat stress in plants with more relevance to mungbean. Understanding heat stress tolerance attributing traits will help in identification of corresponding regulatory networks and associated genes, which will further help in devising suitable strategies to enhance heat tolerance in mungbean. The major pathways responsible for heat stress tolerance in plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Bhardwaj
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith University, Tonk Rajasthan, India
| | - Jafar K Lone
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nupur Mondal
- Shivaji College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - R Dhandapani
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Meena
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Suphiya Khan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith University, Tonk Rajasthan, India
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8
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Mishra N, Jiang C, Chen L, Paul A, Chatterjee A, Shen G. Achieving abiotic stress tolerance in plants through antioxidative defense mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1110622. [PMID: 37332720 PMCID: PMC10272748 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has increased the overall impact of abiotic stress conditions such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures on plants. Abiotic stress adversely affects the growth, development, crop yield, and productivity of plants. When plants are subjected to various environmental stress conditions, the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species and its detoxification through antioxidant mechanisms is disturbed. The extent of disturbance depends on the severity, intensity, and duration of abiotic stress. The equilibrium between the production and elimination of reactive oxygen species is maintained due to both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defense mechanisms. Non-enzymatic antioxidants include both lipid-soluble (α-tocopherol and β-carotene) and water-soluble (glutathione, ascorbate, etc.) antioxidants. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) are major enzymatic antioxidants that are essential for ROS homeostasis. In this review, we intend to discuss various antioxidative defense approaches used to improve abiotic stress tolerance in plants and the mechanism of action of the genes or enzymes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Mishra
- Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s University, Bangalore, KA, India
| | - Chenkai Jiang
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Guoxin Shen
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Fu ZW, Feng YR, Gao X, Ding F, Li JH, Yuan TT, Lu YT. Salt stress-induced chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide stimulates pdTPI sulfenylation and methylglyoxal accumulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1593-1616. [PMID: 36695476 PMCID: PMC10118271 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High salinity, an adverse environmental factor affecting about 20% of irrigated arable land worldwide, inhibits plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, damaging cellular components, and disturbing global metabolism. However, whether and how reactive oxygen species disturb the metabolism of salt-stressed plants remain elusive. Here, we report that salt-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the activity of plastid triose phosphate isomerase (pdTPI) to promote methylglyoxal (MG) accumulation and stimulates the sulfenylation of pdTPI at cysteine 74. We also show that MG is a key factor limiting the plant growth, as a decrease in MG levels completely rescued the stunted growth and repressed salt stress tolerance of the pdtpi mutant. Furthermore, targeting CATALASE 2 into chloroplasts to prevent salt-induced overaccumulation of H2O2 conferred salt stress tolerance, revealing a role for chloroplastic H2O2 in salt-caused plant damage. In addition, we demonstrate that the H2O2-mediated accumulation of MG in turn induces H2O2 production, thus forming a regulatory loop that further inhibits the pdTPI activity in salt-stressed plants. Our findings, therefore, illustrate how salt stress induces MG production to inhibit the plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Wang X, Song B, Wu Z, Zhao X, Song X, Adil MF, Riaz M, Lal MK, Huang W. Insights into physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying efficient utilization of boron in different boron efficient Beta vulgaris L. varieties. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107619. [PMID: 36931121 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) deficiency and consequent limitation of plant yield and quality, particularly of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) has emerged as a maior problem,which is exacerbating due to cultivar dependent variability in B deficiency tolerance. Pertinently, the current study was designed to elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms of B deficiency tolerance of sugar beet varieties KWS1197 (B-efficient variety) and KWS0143 (B-inefficient variety). A hydroponic experiment was conducted employing two B levels B0.1 (0.1 μM L-1 H3BO3, deficiency) and B50 (50 μM L-1 H3BO3, adequacy). Boron deficiency greatly inhibited root elongation and dry matter accumulation; however, formation of lateral roots stimulated and average root diameter was increased. Results exhibited that by up-regulating the expression of NIP5-1, NIP6-1, and BOR2, and suppressing the expression of BOR4, cultivar KWS1197, in contrast to KWS0143, managed to transfer sufficient amount of B to the aboveground plant parts, facilitating its effective absorption and utilization. Accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also mellowed in KWS1197, as well as the oxidative damage to root cells via preservation of the antioxidant enzyme system. Additionally, the expression of essential enzymes for biosynthesis of phytohormone (PYR/PYL) and lignin (COMT, POX, and CCoAOMT) were found to be highly up-regulated in KWS1197. Deductively, through effective B absorption and transportation, balanced nutrient accumulation, and an activated antioxidant enzyme system, B-efficient cultivars may cope with B deficiency while retaining a superior cellular structure to enable root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Wang
- Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Baiquan Song
- Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xin Song
- Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Wengong Huang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Safety and Quality Institute of Agricultural Products, Harbin, 150086, China
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11
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Sun J, Li X, Qu Z, Wang H, Cheng Y, Dong S, Zhao H. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals novel insights into the continuous cropping induced response in Scrophularia ningpoensis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1832-1845. [PMID: 36271763 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scrophularia ningpoensis is a well-known medicinal crop. Continuous cropping seriously affects the yield and quality, but little is known about the influence of continuous cropping on metabolic pathways. In this study, the difference in protein abundance between continuous cropping and non-continuous cropping of S. ningpoensis roots was studied by proteomics, and the molecular mechanism that protects S. ningpoensis against continuous cropping was explored. RESULTS The results suggested that continuous cropping in S, ningpoensis altered the expression of proteins related to starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, citric acid cycle, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis. Among these processes, the most affected were phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism, which may be important for continuous cropping resistance. CONCLUSION The effect of continuous cropping on S. ningpoensis was demonstrated at the proteome level in this work, and identified candidate proteins that may cause continuous cropping reactions. The paper provides the theoretical foundation and scientific reference for enhancing the continuous cropping resistance of S. ningpoensis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, State Experimental and Training Centre of Food and Drug, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Center, Medical Key Laboratory of Hereditary Rare Diseases of Henan, Luoyang Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huairui Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, State Experimental and Training Centre of Food and Drug, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengjie Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Faculty of Education and Sports, Guangdong Baiyun University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, State Experimental and Training Centre of Food and Drug, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
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12
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Redox Signaling in Plant Heat Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030605. [PMID: 36978852 PMCID: PMC10045013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in environmental temperature due to global warming is a critical threat to plant growth and productivity. Heat stress can cause impairment in several biochemical and physiological processes. Plants sense and respond to this adverse environmental condition by activating a plethora of defense systems. Among them, the heat stress response (HSR) involves an intricate network of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). However, a growing amount of evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS), besides potentially being responsible for cellular oxidative damage, can act as signal molecules in HSR, leading to adaptative responses. The role of ROS as toxic or signal molecules depends on the fine balance between their production and scavenging. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants represent the first line of defense against oxidative damage and their activity is critical to maintaining an optimal redox environment. However, the HS-dependent ROS burst temporarily oxidizes the cellular environment, triggering redox-dependent signaling cascades. This review provides an overview of the redox-activated mechanisms that participate in the HSR.
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13
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Fine Tuning of ROS, Redox and Energy Regulatory Systems Associated with the Functions of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Plants under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021356. [PMID: 36674866 PMCID: PMC9865929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress severely affects plant growth and crop production. It is therefore urgent to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat stress responses of plants and establish the strategies to enhance heat tolerance of crops. The chloroplasts and mitochondria are known to be highly sensitive to heat stress. Heat stress negatively impacts on the electron transport chains, leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause damages on the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Disruptions of photosynthetic and respiratory metabolisms under heat stress also trigger increase in ROS and alterations in redox status in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. However, ROS and altered redox status in these organelles also activate important mechanisms that maintain functions of these organelles under heat stress, which include HSP-dependent pathways, ROS scavenging systems and retrograde signaling. To discuss heat responses associated with energy regulating organelles, we should not neglect the energy regulatory hub involving TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) and SNF-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (SnRK1). Although roles of TOR and SnRK1 in the regulation of heat responses are still unknown, contributions of these proteins to the regulation of the functions of energy producing organelles implicate the possible involvement of this energy regulatory hub in heat acclimation of plants.
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14
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Zirngibl ME, Araguirang GE, Kitashova A, Jahnke K, Rolka T, Kühn C, Nägele T, Richter AS. Triose phosphate export from chloroplasts and cellular sugar content regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis during high light acclimation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100423. [PMID: 35962545 PMCID: PMC9860169 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved multiple strategies to cope with rapid changes in the environment. During high light (HL) acclimation, the biosynthesis of photoprotective flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, is induced. However, the exact nature of the signal and downstream factors for HL induction of flavonoid biosynthesis (FB) is still under debate. Here, we show that carbon fixation in chloroplasts, subsequent export of photosynthates by triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (TPT), and rapid increase in cellular sugar content permit the transcriptional and metabolic activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis during HL acclimation. In combination with genetic and physiological analysis, targeted and whole-transcriptome gene expression studies suggest that reactive oxygen species and phytohormones play only a minor role in rapid HL induction of the anthocyanin branch of FB. In addition to transcripts of FB, sugar-responsive genes showed delayed repression or induction in tpt-2 during HL treatment, and a significant overlap with transcripts regulated by SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) was observed, including a central transcription factor of FB. Analysis of mutants with increased and repressed SnRK1 activity suggests that sugar-induced inactivation of SnRK1 is required for HL-mediated activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our study emphasizes the central role of chloroplasts as sensors for environmental changes as well as the vital function of sugar signaling in plant acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max-Emanuel Zirngibl
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Galileo Estopare Araguirang
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kitashova
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jahnke
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Rolka
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Kühn
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas S Richter
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Lasorella C, Fortunato S, Dipierro N, Jeran N, Tadini L, Vita F, Pesaresi P, de Pinto MC. Chloroplast-localized GUN1 contributes to the acquisition of basal thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1058831. [PMID: 36618674 PMCID: PMC9813751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1058831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) severely affects different cellular compartments operating in metabolic processes and represents a critical threat to plant growth and yield. Chloroplasts are crucial for heat stress response (HSR), signaling to the nucleus the environmental challenge and adjusting metabolic and biosynthetic functions accordingly. GENOMES UNCOUPLED 1 (GUN1), a chloroplast-localized protein, has been recognized as one of the main players of chloroplast retrograde signaling. Here, we investigate HSR in Arabidopsis wild-type and gun1 plantlets subjected to 2 hours of HS at 45°C. In wild-type plants, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulate promptly after HS, contributing to transiently oxidize the cellular environment and acting as signaling molecules. After 3 hours of physiological recovery at growth temperature (22°C), the induction of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants prevents oxidative damage. On the other hand, gun1 mutants fail to induce the oxidative burst immediately after HS and accumulate ROS and oxidative damage after 3 hours of recovery at 22°C, thus resulting in enhanced sensitivity to HS. These data suggest that GUN1 is required to oxidize the cellular environment, participating in the acquisition of basal thermotolerance through the redox-dependent plastid-to-nucleus communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Lasorella
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Fortunato
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Dipierro
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicolaj Jeran
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Tadini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Vita
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Pesaresi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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16
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Yang MH, Lu YS, Ho TC, Shen DHY, Huang YF, Chuang KP, Yuan CH, Tyan YC. Utilizing Proteomic Approach to Analyze Potential Antioxidant Proteins in Plant against Irradiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122498. [PMID: 36552706 PMCID: PMC9774815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-ray irradiation is an effective and clean method of sterilization by inactivating microorganisms. It can also be applied to induce anti-oxidants for future application. In this study, the mung bean (Vigna radiata) was exposed to gamma-ray irradiation under the dose of 0, 5 or 10 kGy. With increasing irradiation doses, the concentrations of malondiadehyde decreased while the levels of total flavonoids and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity increased. It has been shown that consuming flavonoids can provide protective effects. In addition, proteomic analysis identified several proteins having anti-oxidant activities in the 5 kGy irradiated group. These proteins are Apocytochrome f, Systemin receptor SR 160, DELLA protein DWARF8, DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 9, ζ-carotene desaturase (ZDS), and Floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS. Our findings indicate that plants contain a variety of phytochemicals and antioxidant proteins which may effectively prevent oxidative stress caused by irradiated peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lu
- Office of Safety, Health and Environment, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chuan Ho
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Hueng-Yuan Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fong Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Pin Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hui Yuan
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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17
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Ghalami RZ, Kamran M, Van Breusegem F, Karpiński S. To Be or Not to Be? Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidants, and Stress Signalling Universal Determinants of Life or Death? Cells 2022; 11:cells11244105. [PMID: 36552869 PMCID: PMC9777155 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the environmental and organism context, oxidative stress is complex and unavoidable. Organisms simultaneously cope with a various combination of stress factors in natural conditions. For example, excess light stress is accompanied by UV stress, heat shock stress, and/or water stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant molecules, coordinated by electrical signalling (ES), are an integral part of the stress signalling network in cells and organisms. They together regulate gene expression to redirect energy to growth, acclimation, or defence, and thereby, determine cellular stress memory and stress crosstalk. In plants, both abiotic and biotic stress increase energy quenching, photorespiration, stomatal closure, and leaf temperature, while toning down photosynthesis and transpiration. Locally applied stress induces ES, ROS, retrograde signalling, cell death, and cellular light memory, then acclimation and defence responses in the local organs, whole plant, or even plant community (systemic acquired acclimation, systemic acquired resistance, network acquired acclimation). A simplified analogy can be found in animals where diseases vs. fitness and prolonged lifespan vs. faster aging, are dependent on mitochondrial ROS production and ES, and body temperature is regulated by sweating, temperature-dependent respiration, and gene regulation. In this review, we discuss the universal features of stress factors, ES, the cellular production of ROS molecules, ROS scavengers, hormones, and other regulators that coordinate life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
| | - Roshanak Zarrin Ghalami
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- UGent Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
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18
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Bruňáková K, Bálintová M, Petijová L, Čellárová E. Does phenotyping of Hypericum secondary metabolism reveal a tolerance to biotic/abiotic stressors? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042375. [PMID: 36531362 PMCID: PMC9748567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this review we summarize the current knowledge about the changes in Hypericum secondary metabolism induced by biotic/abiotic stressors. It is known that the extreme environmental conditions activate signaling pathways leading to triggering of enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems, which stimulate production of secondary metabolites with antioxidant and protective effects. Due to several groups of bioactive compounds including naphthodianthrones, acylphloroglucinols, flavonoids, and phenylpropanes, the world-wide Hypericum perforatum represents a high-value medicinal crop of Hypericum genus, which belongs to the most diverse genera within flowering plants. The summary of the up-to-date knowledge reveals a relationship between the level of defense-related phenolic compounds and interspecific differences in the stress tolerance. The chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids, namely the amentoflavone, quercetin or kaempferol glycosides have been reported as the most defense-related metabolites associated with plant tolerance against stressful environment including temperature, light, and drought, in association with the biotic stimuli resulting from plant-microbe interactions. As an example, the species-specific cold-induced phenolics profiles of 10 Hypericum representatives of different provenances cultured in vitro are illustrated in the case-study. Principal component analysis revealed a relationship between the level of defense-related phenolic compounds and interspecific differences in the stress tolerance indicating a link between the provenance of Hypericum species and inherent mechanisms of cold tolerance. The underlying metabolome alterations along with the changes in the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes, and non-enzymatic physiological markers are discussed. Given these data it can be anticipated that some Hypericum species native to divergent habitats, with interesting high-value secondary metabolite composition and predicted high tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses would attract the attention as valuable sources of bioactive compounds for many medicinal purposes.
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19
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Shrestha HK, Fichman Y, Engle NL, Tschaplinski TJ, Mittler R, Dixon RA, Hettich RL, Barros J, Abraham PE. Multi-omic characterization of bifunctional peroxidase 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase knockdown in Brachypodium distachyon provides insights into lignin modification-associated pleiotropic effects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:908649. [PMID: 36247563 PMCID: PMC9554711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.908649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A bifunctional peroxidase enzyme, 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H/APX), provides a parallel route to the shikimate shunt pathway for the conversion of 4-coumarate to caffeate in the early steps of lignin biosynthesis. Knockdown of C3H/APX (C3H/APX-KD) expression has been shown to reduce the lignin content in Brachypodium distachyon. However, like many other lignin-modified plants, C3H/APX-KDs show unpredictable pleiotropic phenotypes, including stunted growth, delayed senescence, and reduced seed yield. A system-wide level understanding of altered biological processes in lignin-modified plants can help pinpoint the lignin-modification associated growth defects to benefit future studies aiming to negate the yield penalty. Here, a multi-omic approach was used to characterize molecular changes resulting from C3H/APX-KD associated lignin modification and negative growth phenotype in Brachypodium distachyon. Our findings demonstrate that C3H/APX knockdown in Brachypodium stems substantially alters the abundance of enzymes implicated in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway and disrupt cellular redox homeostasis. Moreover, it elicits plant defense responses associated with intracellular kinases and phytohormone-based signaling to facilitate growth-defense trade-offs. A deeper understanding along with potential targets to mitigate the pleiotropic phenotypes identified in this study could aid to increase the economic feasibility of lignocellulosic biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Him K. Shrestha
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Nancy L. Engle
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | | | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Richard A. Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Robert L. Hettich
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jaime Barros
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Paul E. Abraham
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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20
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Biermann RT, Bach LT, Kläring HP, Baldermann S, Börnke F, Schwarz D. Discovering Tolerance—A Computational Approach to Assess Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato Under Greenhouse Conditions. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.878013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern plant cultivars often possess superior growth characteristics, but within a limited range of environmental conditions. Due to climate change, crops will be exposed to distressing abiotic conditions more often in the future, out of which heat stress is used as example for this study. To support identification of tolerant germplasm and advance screening techniques by a novel multivariate evaluation method, a diversity panel of 14 tomato genotypes, comprising Mediterranean landraces of Solanum lycopersicum, the cultivar “Moneymaker” and Solanum pennellii LA0716, which served as internal references, was assessed toward their tolerance against long-term heat stress. After 5 weeks of growth, young tomato plants were exposed to either control (22/18°C) or heat stress (35/25°C) conditions for 2 weeks. Within this period, water consumption, leaf angles and leaf color were determined. Additionally, gas exchange and leaf temperature were investigated. Finally, biomass traits were recorded. The resulting multivariate dataset on phenotypic plasticity was evaluated to test the hypothesis, that more tolerant genotypes have less affected phenotypes upon stress adaptation. For this, a cluster-analysis-based approach was developed that involved a principal component analysis (PCA), dimension reduction and determination of Euclidean distances. These distances served as measure for the phenotypic plasticity upon heat stress. Statistical evaluation allowed the identification and classification of homogeneous groups consisting each of four putative more or less heat stress tolerant genotypes. The resulting classification of the internal references as “tolerant” highlights the applicability of our proposed tolerance assessment model. PCA factor analysis on principal components 1–3 which covered 76.7% of variance within the phenotypic data, suggested that some laborious measure such as the gas exchange might be replaced with the determination of leaf temperature in larger heat stress screenings. Hence, the overall advantage of the presented method is rooted in its suitability of both, planning and executing screenings for abiotic stress tolerance using multivariate phenotypic data to overcome the challenge of identifying abiotic stress tolerant plants from existing germplasms and promote sustainable agriculture for the future.
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21
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Kang Y, Lee K, Hoshikawa K, Kang M, Jang S. Molecular Bases of Heat Stress Responses in Vegetable Crops With Focusing on Heat Shock Factors and Heat Shock Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:837152. [PMID: 35481144 PMCID: PMC9036485 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.837152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the climate change including an increase in the average global temperatures, and abnormal weather events such as frequent and severe heatwaves are emerging as a worldwide ecological concern due to their impacts on plant vegetation and crop productivity. In this review, the molecular processes of plants in response to heat stress-from the sensing of heat stress, the subsequent molecular cascades associated with the activation of heat shock factors and their primary targets (heat shock proteins), to the cellular responses-have been summarized with an emphasis on the classification and functions of heat shock proteins. Vegetables contain many essential vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fibers that provide many critical health benefits to humans. The adverse effects of heat stress on vegetable growth can be alleviated by developing vegetable crops with enhanced thermotolerance with the aid of various genetic tools. To achieve this goal, a solid understanding of the molecular and/or cellular mechanisms underlying various responses of vegetables to high temperature is imperative. Therefore, efforts to identify heat stress-responsive genes including those that code for heat shock factors and heat shock proteins, their functional roles in vegetable crops, and also their application to developing vegetables tolerant to heat stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeeun Kang
- World Vegetable Center Korea Office, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Kwanuk Lee
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Ken Hoshikawa
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Seonghoe Jang
- World Vegetable Center Korea Office, Wanju-gun, South Korea
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22
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Li M, Lee KP, Liu T, Dogra V, Duan J, Li M, Xing W, Kim C. Antagonistic modules regulate photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes via GOLDEN2-LIKE transcription factors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:2308-2324. [PMID: 34951648 PMCID: PMC8968271 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors drive the expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) indispensable for chloroplast biogenesis. Salicylic acid (SA)-induced SIGMA FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN 1 (SIB1), a transcription coregulator and positive regulator of cell death, interacts with GLK1 and GLK2 to reinforce the expression of PhANGs, leading to photoinhibition of photosystem II and singlet oxygen (1O2) burst in chloroplasts. 1O2 then contributes to SA-induced cell death via EXECUTER 1 (EX1; 1O2 sensor protein)-mediated retrograde signaling upon reaching a critical level. This earlier finding has initiated research on the potential role of GLK1/2 and EX1 in SA signaling. Consistent with this view, we reveal that LESION-SIMULATING DISEASE 1 (LSD1), a transcription coregulator and negative regulator of SA-primed cell death, interacts with GLK1/2 to repress their activities in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Overexpression of LSD1 repressed GLK target genes, including PhANGs, whereas loss of LSD1 enhanced their expression. Remarkably, LSD1 overexpression inhibited chloroplast biogenesis, resembling the characteristic glk1glk2 double mutant phenotype. Subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with expression analyses further revealed that LSD1 inhibits the DNA-binding activity of GLK1 toward its target promoters. SA-induced nuclear-targeted SIB1 proteins appeared to interrupt the LSD1-GLK interaction, and the subsequent SIB1-GLK interaction activated EX1-mediated 1O2 signaling, elucidating antagonistic modules SIB1 and LSD1 in the regulation of GLK activity. Taken together, we provide a working model that SIB1 and LSD1, mutually exclusive SA-signaling components, antagonistically regulate GLK1/2 to fine-tune the expression of PhANGs, thereby modulating 1O2 homeostasis and related stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tong Liu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Jianli Duan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengshuang Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiman Xing
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Pónya Z, Somfalvi-Tóth K. Modelling biophoton emission kinetics based on the initial intensity value in Helianthus annuus plants exposed to different types of stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2317. [PMID: 35145188 PMCID: PMC8831617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophoton radiation also referred to as ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is used to denote a spontaneous and permanent photon emission associated with oxidative processes in cells and seems to universally occur in all living systems as a result of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are produced under stress conditions. The measurement of this biophoton emission allows for a non-invasive approach in monitoring phenological stages throughout plant development which has direct relevance in agriculture research. In this study, the emission of photons emanating from sunflower (Helianthus annuus, L.) plants exposed to biotic and abiotic stress has been investigated. In healthy plants raised under controlled growth conditions UPE was low whereas in stressed individuals it considerably increased; particularly upon water stress. The kinetics of the signal is shown to reveal an exponential decay with characteristic dynamics, which appears to reflect different physiological states concomitantly setting in upon stress. The dynamics of the signal decay is shown to vary according to the type of stress applied (biotic vs. abiotic) hence suggesting a putative relationship between the kinetic traits of change in the signal intensity-decay and stress. Intriguingly, the determination of the change in the intensity of biophoton emission that ensued in a short time course was possible by using the initial biophoton emission intensity. The predictability level of the equations demonstrated the applicability of the model in a corroborative manner when employing it in independent UPE-measurements, thus permitting to forecast the intensity change in a very accurate way over a short time course. Our findings allow the notion that albeit stress confers complex and complicated changes on oxidative metabolism in biological systems, the employment of biophoton imaging offers a feasible method making it possible to monitor oxidative processes triggered by stress in a non-invasive and label-free way which has versatile applications especially in precision agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Pónya
- Agricultural and Food Research Centre, Széchenyi István University, Egyetem tér 1, Győr, H-9026, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Somfalvi-Tóth
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 40. S. Guba str, Kaposvár, H-7400, Hungary
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24
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Tian T, Chen L, Ai Y, He H. Selection of Candidate Genes Conferring Blast Resistance and Heat Tolerance in Rice through Integration of Meta-QTLs and RNA-Seq. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:224. [PMID: 35205268 PMCID: PMC8871662 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to global warming, high temperature is a significant environmental stress for rice production. Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most crucial cereal crops, is also seriously devastated by Magnaporthe oryzae. Therefore, it is essential to breed new rice cultivars with blast and heat tolerance. Although progress had been made in QTL mapping and RNA-seq analysis in rice in response to blast and heat stresses, there are few reports on simultaneously mining blast-resistant and heat-tolerant genes. In this study, we separately conducted meta-analysis of 839 blast-resistant and 308 heat-tolerant QTLs in rice. Consequently, 7054 genes were identified in 67 blast-resistant meta-QTLs with an average interval of 1.00 Mb. Likewise, 6425 genes were obtained in 40 heat-tolerant meta-QTLs with an average interval of 1.49 Mb. Additionally, using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the previous research and GO enrichment analysis, 55 DEGs were co-located on the common regions of 16 blast-resistant and 14 heat-tolerant meta-QTLs. Among, OsChib3H-c, OsJAMyb, Pi-k, OsWAK1, OsMT2b, OsTPS3, OsHI-LOX, OsACLA-2 and OsGS2 were the significant candidate genes to be further investigated. These results could provide the gene resources for rice breeding with excellent resistance to these 2 stresses, and help to understand how plants response to the combination stresses of blast fungus and high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yufang Ai
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Huaqin He
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.T.); (L.C.)
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Zheng J, Zhang Z, Gao T, Li C, Ma F. Overexpression of the tyrosine decarboxylase gene MdTyDC in apple enhances long-term moderate drought tolerance and WUE. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111064. [PMID: 34763856 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress affects the apple yield and quality. Tyrosine decarboxylase (TyDC) plays a fundamental role in many secondary metabolite reactions in higher plants (including those involving dopamine). Our aims of this study are: 1) to identify the role of TyDC in dopamine derivative biosynthesis and its function in long-term moderate drought conditions; and 2) to explore the role of MdTyDC in plant growth and development as well as the drought stress response. Wild type and three independently apple plants overexpression of MdTyDC were treated for long-term moderate drought stress. The growth and physiological parameters of apple plant, photosynthetic capacity, antioxidant enzymes activity, water use efficiency (WUE), stomatal behavior, amino acid content and dopamine content were detected under long-term moderate drought stress. Overexpression of MdTyDC (OE) in apple showed better growth performance, higher photosynthetic capacity and higher capacity for photochemical reactions than wild type lines (WT). Under long-term moderate drought stress, OE lines showed higher WUE, increased ABA content, decreased stomatal aperture, higher antioxidant activity, lower accumulation of ROS and increases in amino acids, such as proline, phenylalanine and lysine. In addition, qRT-PCR revealed higher gene expression of MdTyDC and dopamine content in OE compared with WT lines under long-term moderate drought stress. These results indicate that MdTyDC confers long-term moderate drought tolerance by improving photosynthetic capacity, WUE, antioxidant activity, dopamine content and changing the contents of amino acids (such as proline accumulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Jiangzhu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Haider S, Iqbal J, Naseer S, Yaseen T, Shaukat M, Bibi H, Ahmad Y, Daud H, Abbasi NL, Mahmood T. Molecular mechanisms of plant tolerance to heat stress: current landscape and future perspectives. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:2247-2271. [PMID: 33890138 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We summarize recent studies focusing on the molecular basis of plant heat stress response (HSR), how HSR leads to thermotolerance, and promote plant adaptation to recurring heat stress events. The global crop productivity is facing unprecedented threats due to climate change as high temperature negatively influences plant growth and metabolism. Owing to their sessile nature, plants have developed complex signaling networks which enable them to perceive changes in ambient temperature. This in turn activates a suite of molecular changes that promote plant survival and reproduction under adverse conditions. Deciphering these mechanisms is an important task, as this could facilitate development of molecular markers, which could be ultimately used to breed thermotolerant crop cultivars. In current article, we summarize mechanisms involve in plant heat stress acclimation with special emphasis on advances related to heat stress perception, heat-induced signaling, heat stress-responsive gene expression and thermomemory that promote plant adaptation to short- and long-term-recurring heat-stress events. In the end, we will discuss impact of emerging technologies that could facilitate the development of heat stress-tolerant crop cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqlain Haider
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Kanju, 19201, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Naseer
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Shaukat
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Bibi
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Yumna Ahmad
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hina Daud
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nayyab Laiba Abbasi
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Kreslavski VD, Khudyakova AY, Strokina VV, Shirshikova GN, Pashkovskiy PP, Balakhnina TI, Kosobryukhov AA, Kuznetsov VV, Allakhverdiev SI. Impact of high irradiance and UV-B on the photosynthetic activity, pro-/antioxidant balance and expression of light-activated genes in Arabidopsis thaliana hy4 mutants grown under blue light. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:153-162. [PMID: 34358729 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of high-intensity light (HIL) (4 h) and UV-B radiation (1 h) on the photosynthetic activity, content of photosynthetic and UV-absorbing pigments (UAPs), activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol-dependent peroxidase (GPX)), content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), expression of some light-regulated genes in 25-day-old wild type (WT) and the cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) hy4 mutant of A. thaliana Col-0 plants grown under blue light (BL) were studied. HIL and UV-B treatments led to decreases in the photosynthetic rate (Pn), photochemical activity of PSII (FV/FM) and PSII performance index (PIABS) of WT and mutant plants grown under high-intensity BL (HBL) and moderate intensity BL (MBL). However, in HBL plants, the decrease in the photosynthetic activity in hy4 plants was significantly greater than that in WT plants. In addition, hy4 HBL plants demonstrated lowered UAP and carotenoid contents as well as lower activity of APX and GPX enzymes. The difference in the decline in the photosynthetic activity of WT and hy4 plants grown at MBL in response to HIL was nonsignificant, while that in response to UV-B was small. We assume that the deficiency in cryptochrome 1 under HIL irradiation disrupts the interaction between HY5 and HFR1 transcription factors and photoreceptors, which affects the transcription of light-induced genes, such as CAB1, PSY and PAL1 linked to carotenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. It was concluded that PA stress resistance in WT and hy4 plants depends on the light intensity and reduced stress resistance of hy4 at HBL, is likely linked to low UAP and carotenoid contents as well as lowered APX and GPX enzyme activities in hy4 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir D Kreslavski
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Yu Khudyakova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Valeria V Strokina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Galina N Shirshikova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Pavel P Pashkovskiy
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Tamara I Balakhnina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Anatoly A Kosobryukhov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Kuznetsov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia.
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28
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Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Hormones in Plant Responses to Temperature Changes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168843. [PMID: 34445546 PMCID: PMC8396215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect agricultural productivity worldwide. Temperatures beyond a plant's physiological optimum can trigger significant physiological and biochemical perturbations, reducing plant growth and tolerance to stress. Improving a plant's tolerance to these temperature fluctuations requires a deep understanding of its responses to environmental change. To adapt to temperature fluctuations, plants tailor their acclimatory signal transduction events, and specifically, cellular redox state, that are governed by plant hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory systems, and other molecular components. The role of ROS in plants as important signaling molecules during stress acclimation has recently been established. Here, hormone-triggered ROS produced by NADPH oxidases, feedback regulation, and integrated signaling events during temperature stress activate stress-response pathways and induce acclimation or defense mechanisms. At the other extreme, excess ROS accumulation, following temperature-induced oxidative stress, can have negative consequences on plant growth and stress acclimation. The excessive ROS is regulated by the ROS scavenging system, which subsequently promotes plant tolerance. All these signaling events, including crosstalk between hormones and ROS, modify the plant's transcriptomic, metabolomic, and biochemical states and promote plant acclimation, tolerance, and survival. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the ROS, hormones, and their joint role in shaping a plant's responses to high and low temperatures, and we conclude by outlining hormone/ROS-regulated plant responsive strategies for developing stress-tolerant crops to combat temperature changes.
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29
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Zhuang Y, Wei M, Ling C, Liu Y, Amin AK, Li P, Li P, Hu X, Bao H, Huo H, Smalle J, Wang S. EGY3 mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis and promotes retrograde signaling in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109384. [PMID: 34260941 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chloroplast is the main organelle for stress-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, how chloroplastic ROS homeostasis is maintained under salt stress is largely unknown. We show that EGY3, a gene encoding a chloroplast-localized protein, is induced by salt and oxidative stresses. The loss of EGY3 function causes stress hypersensitivity while EGY3 overexpression increases the tolerance to both salt and chloroplastic oxidative stresses. EGY3 interacts with chloroplastic Cu/Zn-SOD2 (CSD2) and promotes CSD2 stability under stress conditions. In egy3-1 mutant plants, the stress-induced CSD2 degradation limits H2O2 production in chloroplasts and impairs H2O2-mediated retrograde signaling, as indicated by the decreased expression of retrograde-signal-responsive genes required for stress tolerance. Both exogenous application of H2O2 (or APX inhibitor) and CSD2 overexpression can rescue the salt-stress hypersensitivity of egy3-1 mutants. Our findings reveal that EGY3 enhances the tolerance to salt stress by promoting the CSD2 stability and H2O2-mediated chloroplastic retrograde signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhuang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ming Wei
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengcheng Ling
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yangxuan Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Abdul Karim Amin
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Penghui Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pengwei Li
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xufan Hu
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huaxu Bao
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Heqiang Huo
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Jan Smalle
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Songhu Wang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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30
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Marchetti F, Cainzos M, Cascallares M, Distéfano AM, Setzes N, López GA, Zabaleta E, Pagnussat GC. Heat stress in Marchantia polymorpha: Sensing and mechanisms underlying a dynamic response. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2134-2149. [PMID: 33058168 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sensing and response to high temperatures are crucial to prevent heat-related damage and to preserve cellular and metabolic functions. The response to heat stress is a complex and coordinated process that involves several subcellular compartments and multi-level regulatory networks that are synchronized to avoid cell damage while maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this review, we provide an insight into the most recent advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in heat stress sensing and response in Marchantia polymorpha. Based on the signaling pathways and genes that were identified in Marchantia, our analyses indicate that although with specific particularities, the core components of the heat stress response seem conserved in bryophytes and angiosperms. Liverworts not only constitute a powerful tool to study heat stress response and signaling pathways during plant evolution, but also provide key and simple mechanisms to cope with extreme temperatures. Given the increasing prevalence of high temperatures around the world as a result of global warming, this knowledge provides a new set of molecular tools with potential agronomical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marchetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Cainzos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Milagros Cascallares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Ayelén Mariana Distéfano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Setzes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Alejandro López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Zabaleta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Carolina Pagnussat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Jeon YA, Lee HS, Kim SH, Shim KC, Kang JW, Kim HJ, Tai TH, Ahn SN. Natural variation in rice ascorbate peroxidase gene APX9 is associated with a yield-enhancing QTL cluster. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4254-4268. [PMID: 33831183 PMCID: PMC8163052 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified a cluster of yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) including plant height in CR4379, a near-isogenic line from a cross between Oryza sativa spp. japonica cultivar 'Hwaseong' and the wild relative Oryza rufipogon. Map-based cloning and transgenic approaches revealed that APX9, which encodes an l-ascorbate peroxidase 4, is associated with this cluster. A 3 bp InDel was observed leading to the addition of a valine in Hwaseong compared with O. rufipogon. APX9-overexpressing transgenic plants in the Hwaseong background were taller than Hwaseong. Consistent with these results, APX9 T-DNA insertion mutants in the japonica cultivar Dongjin were shorter. These results confirm that APX9 is the causal gene for the QTL cluster. Sequence analysis of APX9 from 303 rice accessions revealed that the 3 bp InDel clearly differentiates japonica (APX9HS) and O. rufipogon (APX9OR) alleles. indica accessions shared both alleles, suggesting that APX9HS was introgressed into indica followed by crossing. The finding that O. rufipogon accessions with different origins carry APX9OR suggests that the 3 bp insertion was specifically selected in japonica during its domestication. Our findings demonstrate that APX9 acts as a major regulator of plant development by controlling a valuable suite of agronomically important traits in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-A Jeon
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Lee
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ha Kim
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Chan Shim
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kang
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Thomas H Tai
- USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sang-Nag Ahn
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Ren YR, Zhao Q, Yang YY, Zhang R, Wang XF, Zhang TE, You CX, Huo HQ, Hao YJ. Interaction of BTB-TAZ protein MdBT2 and DELLA protein MdRGL3a regulates nitrate-mediated plant growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:750-766. [PMID: 33764451 PMCID: PMC8154073 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate acts as a vital signal molecule in the modulation of plant growth and development. The phytohormones gibberellin (GA) is also involved in this process. However, the exact molecular mechanism of how nitrate and GA signaling pathway work together in regulating plant growth remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that a nitrate-responsive BTB/TAZ protein MdBT2 participates in regulating nitrate-induced plant growth in apple (Malus × domestica). Yeast two-hybridization, protein pull-down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that MdBT2 interacts with a DELLA protein MdRGL3a, which is required for the ubiquitination and degradation of MdRGL3a proteins via a 26S proteasome-dependent pathway. Furthermore, heterologous expression of MdBT2 partially rescued growth inhibition caused by overexpression of MdRGL3a in Arabidopsis. Taken together, our findings indicate that MdBT2 promotes nitrate-induced plant growth partially through reducing the abundance of the DELLA protein MdRGL3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Tian-En Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - He-Qiang Huo
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
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Tyagi A, Sharma S, Srivastava H, Singh NK, Gaikwad K. In silico characterization and homology modeling of cytosolic APX gene predicts novel glycine residue modulating waterlogging stress response in pigeon pea. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10888. [PMID: 34026340 PMCID: PMC8123230 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a member of the family of heme-containing peroxidases having a similar structure with Cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) that effectively scavenge cytosolic and chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under various stresses. In this study, computational characterization and homology analysis of APX protein from waterlogging tolerant (ICPL 84023) and sensitive (ICP 7035) pigeon pea genotypes were carried out resulting in 100% homology with Glycine max in case of former and 99% in later genotypes respectively with 97.39% alignment coverage among each other. The model structure was further refined by various tools like PROCHECK, ProSA, and Verify3D. The planned model of the APX enzyme was then tested to dock with H2O2along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis. The docked complex of ICPL 84023 showed the best G-score (23.39 kcal/mol) in comparison to ICP 7035 (16.74 kcal/mol) depicting the higher production of APX for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) production making this genotype more tolerant. The important binding residues in the ICPL 84023-H2O2complex (SER1, THR4, GLU23, and GLY13) have shown less fluctuation than the ICP 7035-H2O2 complex (SER1, THR4, and GLU23). Overall, our results showed that amino acid residue glycine in ICPL 84023 APX gene has a high binding affinity with H2O2 which could be a key factor associated with waterlogging stress tolerance in pigeon pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Tyagi
- ICAR- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandhya Sharma
- ICAR- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Kishor Gaikwad
- ICAR- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Chen C, Galon Y, Rahmati Ishka M, Malihi S, Shimanovsky V, Twito S, Rath A, Vatamaniuk OK, Miller G. ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 delays the onset of age-dependent leaf senescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:441-456. [PMID: 33580795 PMCID: PMC8133542 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Age-dependent changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are critical in leaf senescence. While H2O2-reducing enzymes such as catalases and cytosolic ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE1 (APX1) tightly control the oxidative load during senescence, their regulation and function are not specific to senescence. Previously, we identified the role of ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 (APX6) during seed maturation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we show that APX6 is a bona fide senescence-associated gene. APX6 expression is specifically induced in aging leaves and in response to senescence-promoting stimuli such as abscisic acid (ABA), extended darkness, and osmotic stress. apx6 mutants showed early developmental senescence and increased sensitivity to dark stress. Reduced APX activity, increased H2O2 level, and altered redox state of the ascorbate pool in mature pre-senescing green leaves of the apx6 mutants correlated with the early onset of senescence. Using transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we unraveled the age-dependent post-transcriptional regulation of APX6. We then identified the coding sequence of APX6 as a potential target of miR398, which is a key regulator of copper redistribution. Furthermore, we showed that mutants of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE7 (SPL7), the master regulator of copper homeostasis and miR398 expression, have a higher APX6 level compared with the wild type, which further increased under copper deficiency. Our study suggests that APX6 is a modulator of ROS/redox homeostasis and signaling in aging leaves that plays an important role in developmental- and stress-induced senescence programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Chen
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yael Galon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Maryam Rahmati Ishka
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Shimrit Malihi
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Vladislava Shimanovsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Shir Twito
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Abhishek Rath
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Gad Miller
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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TÜNEY KIZILKAYA İ, AKCAALAN S, ÜNAL D. Determination of Photosynthesis-Related and Ascorbate Peroxidase Gene Expression in the Green Algae (Chlorella vulgaris) Under High-Temperature Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2021. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.794617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Liu H, Liu S, Wang H, Chen K, Zhang P. The flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene from the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans is involved in regulating oxidative and salt stress tolerance. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:676-686. [PMID: 33660298 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are the important secondary metabolites. They are thought to play an important role in plant adaptation to terrestrial environment. However, the downstream branching pathway of flavonoids in bryophytes, which are the most ancient of terrestrial plants, remains unclear. Here, we cloned a flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene (PnF3'H) from the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans and studied its function in plant stress tolerance. The Arabidopsis with overexpressing PnF3'H (AtOE) were constructed. The AtOE plants had more lateral roots and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes than the wild-type plants under oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers (i.e., AtCAT3, AtFeSOD1, and AtCu-ZnSOD3) were upregulated in the AtOE plants, and the transcription levels of ROS producing enzyme genes were significantly downregulated. The AtOE plans showed increased sensitivity to NaCl stress or abscisic acid (ABA) treatment during seed germination and early root development. Furthermore, several stress-resistant genes in the ABA signaling pathway were also downregulated in the AtOE plants when compared with the wild-type plants. These results suggested that PnF3'H participates in regulating the oxidative tolerance and ABA sensitivity to enable P. nutans to adapt to polar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Medical Administration Department, Shinan District Health Bureau, Qingdao, China
| | - Shenghao Liu
- Marine Ecology Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Natural Resources Ministry, Qingdao, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengying Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Zhu X, Jiang L, Cai Y, Cao Y. Functional analysis of four Class III peroxidases from Chinese pear fruit: a critical role in lignin polymerization. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:515-522. [PMID: 33854280 PMCID: PMC7981345 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pear fruit could be used as good medicine to relieve coughs, promote salivation, nourish lungs, and reduce the risk of many diseases for its phytochemical action. Lignin is a major secondary metabolite in Chinese pear fruit. Class III peroxidase (Class III PRX) is an important enzyme in the biosynthesis of lignin in plants. However, we poorly understand the role of PRXs in lignin biosynthesis in Chinese pear fruit. In our study, we cloned five PRXs from Chinese pear (Pyrus bretschneideri), namely PbPRX2, PbPRX22, PbPRX34, PbPRX64, and PbPRX75, which contained 978 bp encoded 326 amino acids (AA), 2607 bp encoded 869 AA, 972 bp encoded 324 AA, 687 bp encoded 229 AA, and 1020 bp encoded 340 AA, respectively. Enzyme activity analysis showed that four recombinant PbPRX proteins had catalytic activities for pyrogallol, guaiacol, ferulic acid, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol. Subcellular localization experiments showed that these genes were located in the cell wall or cell membrane. Enzyme activity and kinetics of PbPRX2 revealed its role in polymerization of lignin in Chinese pear fruit. The present study suggested that PbPRXs played critical roles in lignin biosynthesis in Chinese pear fruit. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-00949-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lan Jiang
- Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000 Anhui China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004 Hunan China
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004 Hunan China
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004 Hunan China
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
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Identification and Characterization of the APX Gene Family and Its Expression Pattern under Phytohormone Treatment and Abiotic Stress in Populus trichocarpa. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030334. [PMID: 33668872 PMCID: PMC7996185 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a member of class I of the heme-containing peroxidase family. The enzyme plays important roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species for protection against oxidative damage and maintaining normal plant growth and development, as well as in biotic stress responses. In this study, we identified 11 APX genes in the Populus trichocarpa genome using bioinformatic methods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the PtrAPX proteins were classifiable into three clades and the members of each clade shared similar gene structures and motifs. The PtrAPX genes were distributed on six chromosomes and four segmental-duplicated gene pairs were identified. Promoter cis-elements analysis showed that the majority of PtrAPX genes contained a variety of phytohormone- and abiotic stress-related cis-elements. Tissue-specific expression profiles indicated that the PtrAPX genes primarily function in roots and leaves. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that PtrAPX transcription was induced in response to drought, salinity, high ammonium concentration, and exogenous abscisic acid treatment. These results provide important information on the phylogenetic relationships and functions of the APX gene family in P. trichocarpa.
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Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B Regulates the Activity of Ascorbate Peroxidase of Banana Fruit. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020310. [PMID: 33670705 PMCID: PMC7922979 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a key antioxidant enzyme that is involved in diverse developmental and physiological process and stress responses by scavenging H2O2 in plants. APX itself is also subjected to multiple posttranslational modifications (PTMs). However, redox-mediated PTM of APX in plants remains poorly understood. Here, we identified and confirmed that MaAPX1 interacts with methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2) in bananas. Ectopic overexpression of MaAPX1 delays the detached leaf senescence induced by darkness in Arabidopsis. Sulfoxidation of MaAPX1, i.e., methionine oxidation, leads to loss of the activity, which is repaired partially by MaMsrB2. Moreover, mimicking sulfoxidation by mutating Met36 to Gln also decreases its activity in vitro and in vivo, whereas substitution of Met36 with Val36 to mimic the blocking of sulfoxidation has little effect on APX activity. Spectral analysis showed that mimicking sulfoxidation of Met36 hinders the formation of compound I, the first intermediate between APX and H2O2. Our findings demonstrate that the redox state of methionine in MaAPX1 is critical to its activity, and MaMsrB2 can regulate the redox state and activity of MaAPX1. Our results revealed a novel post-translational redox modification of APX.
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Ye Q, Yu J, Zhang Z, Hou L, Liu X. VvBAP1, a Grape C2 Domain Protein, Plays a Positive Regulatory Role Under Heat Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:544374. [PMID: 33240290 PMCID: PMC7680865 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.544374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is considered one of the critical factors directly influencing grapevine during the three primary growth and development stages: sprout, flowering, and fruit-coloring, which is strongly correlated to the yield and quality of the grape. The grapevine is frequently exposed to high-temperature conditions that are detrimental to growth. However, the mechanisms of the heat stress response and adaptation in grapevine are not adequately studied. The Arabidopsis copine gene AtBON1 encodes a highly conserved protein containing two C2 domains at the amino terminus, participation in cell death regulation and defense responses. Previously, we showed that a BON1 association protein from the grapevine, VvBAP1, plays a positive role in cold tolerance. Similarly, the involvement of VvBAP1 in the resistance to heat stress was also found in the present study. The results indicated VvBAP1 was significantly induced by high temperature, and the elevated expression of VvBAP1 was significantly higher in the resistant cultivars than the sensitive cultivars under heat stress. Seed germination and phenotypic analysis results indicated that overexpression of VvBAP1 improved Arabidopsis thermoresistance. Compared with the wild type, the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate in VvBAP1 overexpressing Arabidopsis plants were markedly increased under heat stress. At high temperatures, overexpression of VvBAP1 also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity as well as their corresponding gene transcription levels, to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Besides, the transcriptional activities of HSP70, HSP101, HSFA2, and HSFB1 in VvBAP1 overexpressing Arabidopsis plants were significantly up-regulated compare to the wild type. In summary, we propose that VvBAP1 may play a potential important role in enhanced grapevine thermoresistance, primarily through the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity and promoted heat stress response genes expression.
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Kumar A, Dubey AK, Kumar V, Ansari MA, Narayan S, Kumar S, Pandey V, Shirke PA, Pande V, Sanyal I. Overexpression of rice glutaredoxin genes LOC_Os02g40500 and LOC_Os01g27140 regulate plant responses to drought stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110721. [PMID: 32464438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small (10-15 kDa) glutathione (GSH) - dependent redox proteins. The role of Grxs are well documented in tolerance to heavy metal stress in prokaryotic and mammalian systems and a few plant genera, but is poorly understood in plants against drought. In the present study, two rice glutaredoxin (Osgrx) genes (LOC_Os02g40500 and LOC_Os01g27140) responsible for tolerance against heavy metal stress have been studied for investigating their role against drought. Each glutaredoxin gene was over-expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana to reveal their role in drought stress. The relative expression of both Osgrx genes was higher in the transgenic lines. Transgenic lines of both Osgrxs showed longer roots, higher seed germination, and survival efficiency during drought stress. The physiological parameters (PN, gs, E, WUE, qP, NPQ and ETR), antioxidant enzymes (GRX, GR, GPX, GST, APX, POD, SOD, CAT, DHAR, and MDHAR), antioxidant molecules (ascorbate and GSH) and stress-responsive amino acids (cysteine and proline) levels were additionally increased in transgenic lines of both Osgrxs to provide drought tolerance. The outcomes from this study strongly determined that each Osgrx gene participated in the moderation of drought and might be utilized in biological engineering strategies to overcome drought conditions in different crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Dubey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Varun Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohd Akram Ansari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Shiv Narayan
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanoj Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pramod Arvind Shirke
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Indraneel Sanyal
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Blanco E, Fortunato S, Viggiano L, de Pinto MC. Cyclic AMP: A Polyhedral Signalling Molecule in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4862. [PMID: 32660128 PMCID: PMC7402341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotide cAMP (3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is nowadays recognised as an important signalling molecule in plants, involved in many molecular processes, including sensing and response to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. The validation of a functional cAMP-dependent signalling system in higher plants has spurred a great scientific interest on the polyhedral role of cAMP, as it actively participates in plant adaptation to external stimuli, in addition to the regulation of physiological processes. The complex architecture of cAMP-dependent pathways is far from being fully understood, because the actors of these pathways and their downstream target proteins remain largely unidentified. Recently, a genetic strategy was effectively used to lower cAMP cytosolic levels and hence shed light on the consequences of cAMP deficiency in plant cells. This review aims to provide an integrated overview of the current state of knowledge on cAMP's role in plant growth and response to environmental stress. Current knowledge of the molecular components and the mechanisms of cAMP signalling events is summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Blanco
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Fortunato
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.); (L.V.)
| | - Luigi Viggiano
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.); (L.V.)
| | - Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.F.); (L.V.)
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Guo K, Li Z, Tian H, Du X, Liu Z, Huang H, Wang P, Ye Z, Zhang X, Tu L. Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidases Plays a Critical Role in Photosynthesis by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Level in Stomatal Guard Cell. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:446. [PMID: 32457767 PMCID: PMC7221183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic rate is one of the key factors limiting yield of cotton. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by abiotic stress imposes numerous detrimental effects and causes tremendous loss of yield. It is worth to study whether ROS scavenging enzymes could affect yield through regulating photosynthetic rate in cotton. In this study, we created transgenic cotton with changes of endogenous ROS by overexpressing or suppressing the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases (APXs), which are hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging enzymes in plants. The suppression of cytosolic APXs by RNAi brings about a great influence on plant growth and development. Plant height and leaf size declined, and yield-related traits including single boll weight, seed weight, seed size, and lint weight dropped significantly, in IAO lines (cytosolic APX-suppressed lines). The stunted plant growth was due to the decrease of plant photosynthetic rate. The evidences showed that increased ROS level in guard cells inhibited stomatal opening and suppressed the absorption of CO2 and H2O in IAO line. The decrease of water content and the increase of water loss rate in leaf exacerbated the decline of photosynthetic rate in cytosolic APX-suppressed lines. Based on these results, it implies that cytosolic APXs as a whole play an important role in maintaining REDOX balance to regulate photosynthetic rate and yield in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxue Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqiong Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengxiu Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Huo L, Sun X, Guo Z, Jia X, Che R, Sun Y, Zhu Y, Wang P, Gong X, Ma F. MdATG18a overexpression improves basal thermotolerance in transgenic apple by decreasing damage to chloroplasts. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:21. [PMID: 32140230 PMCID: PMC7049305 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High temperature is an abiotic stress factor that threatens plant growth and development. Autophagy in response to heat stress involves the selective removal of heat-induced protein complexes. Previously, we showed that a crucial autophagy protein from apple, MdATG18a, has a positive effect on drought tolerance. In the present study, we treated transgenic apple (Malus domestica) plants overexpressing MdATG18a with high temperature and found that autophagy protected them from heat stress. Overexpression of MdATG18a in apple enhanced antioxidase activity and contributed to the production of increased beneficial antioxidants under heat stress. Transgenic apple plants exhibited higher photosynthetic capacity, as shown by the rate of CO2 assimilation, the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), the effective quantum yield, and the electron transport rates in photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII, respectively). We also detected elevated autophagic activity and reduced damage to chloroplasts in transgenic plants compared to WT plants. In addition, the transcriptional activities of several HSP genes were increased in transgenic apple plants. In summary, we propose that autophagy plays a critical role in basal thermotolerance in apple, primarily through a combination of enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced chloroplast damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xun Sun
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Runmin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yiming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Chen Q, Huang R, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Li L, Fu J, Wang G, Wang J, Du X, Gu R. Label-Free Comparative Proteomic Analysis Combined with Laser-Capture Microdissection Suggests Important Roles of Stress Responses in the Black Layer of Maize Kernels. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041369. [PMID: 32085613 PMCID: PMC7072901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The black layer (BL) is traditionally used as an indicator for kernel harvesting in maize, as it turns visibly dark when the kernel reaches physiological maturity. However, the molecular roles of BL in kernel development have not been fully elucidated. In this work, microscopy images showed that BL began to appear at a growth stage earlier than 10 days after pollination (DAP), and its color gradually deepened to become dark as the development period progressed. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that BL is a tissue structure composed of several layers of cells that are gradually squeezed and compressed during kernel development. Laser-capture microdissection (LCM) was used to sample BL and its neighboring inner tissue, basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL), and outer tissue, inner epidermis (IEP), from 20 DAP of kernels. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry profiling (MALDI-TOF MS profiling) detected 41, 104, and 120 proteins from LCM-sampled BL, BETL, and IEP, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the 41 BL proteins were primarily involved in the response to stress and stimuli. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis found that the BL proteins were enriched in several defense pathways, such as the ascorbate and aldarate metabolic pathways. Among the 41 BL proteins, six were BL-specific proteins that were only detected from BL. Annotations of five BL-specific proteins were related to stress responses. During kernel development, transcriptional expression of most BL proteins showed an increase, followed by a decrease, and reached a maximum zero to 20 DAP. These results suggest a role for BL in stress responses for protecting filial tissue against threats from maternal sides, which helps to elucidate the biological functions of BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Chen
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Ran Huang
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhenxiang Xu
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Li Li
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Junjie Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.F.); (G.W.)
| | - Guoying Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.F.); (G.W.)
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xuemei Du
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Riliang Gu
- Center for Seed Science and Technology, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.C.); (R.H.); (Z.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (R.G.)
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47
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Meng L, Zhang Q, Yang J, Xie G, Liu JH. PtrCDPK10 of Poncirus trifoliata functions in dehydration and drought tolerance by reducing ROS accumulation via phosphorylating PtrAPX. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110320. [PMID: 31928664 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important calcium signaling components that have been shown to play crucial roles in modulating plant abiotic stress responses. However, the physiological and regulatory roles of most CDPKs are still poorly understood. Here, we report the functional characterization of PtrCDPK10 from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) in dehydration and drought stress tolerance. PtrCDPK10, categorized in the Type III subgroup of the CDPK family, was localized to the nucleus and plasma membrane. Transcript levels of PtrCDPK10 were up-regulated by dehydration, salt and ABA treatments. Transgenic trifoliate orange plants overexpressing PtrCDPK10 showed enhanced dehydration tolerance compared with the wild type (WT), whereas VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing)-mediated knockdown of PtrCDPK10 resulted in elevated susceptibility to dehydration and drought stresses. Yeast two-hybrid screening identified several proteins that interacted with PtrCDPK10, including an ascorbate peroxidase (PtrAPX). PtrCDPK10 was shown to phosphorylate PtrAPX based on an in vitro kinase assay. PtrCDPK10-overexpressing transgenic lines exhibited higher PtrAPX mRNA abundance and APX activity and accumulated dramatically less ROS in comparison with the WT, while PtrCDPK10-silenced VIGS lines showed decreased PtrAPX expression and increased ROS level. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PtrCDPK10 promotes dehydration and drought tolerance by, at least in part, phosphorylating APX to modulate ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Yang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan,430070, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan,430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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48
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Yin B, Zhang J, Liu Y, Pan X, Zhao Z, Li H, Zhang C, Li C, Du X, Li Y, Liu D, Lu H. PtomtAPX, a mitochondrial ascorbate peroxidase, plays an important role in maintaining the redox balance of Populus tomentosa Carr. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19541. [PMID: 31862975 PMCID: PMC6925217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant mitochondria are important energy-producing structure and ROS are generated as byproducts. APX is one enzyme of the AsA-GSH cycle to reduces H2O2 to water. We identified both PtomtAPX and PtosAPX are located in mitochondria of Populus tomentosa Carr. PtomtAPX is specifically targeted to mitochondria, while PtosAPX is dual targeted to both chloroplast and mitochondria. The expression of PtomtAPX in mitochondria was 60-fold that of PtosAPX by ELISA and qPCR analysis. Under high light stress, the expression levels of PtosAPX increased, while that of PtomtAPX only slightly changed. Compared to the WT, the antisense transgenic PtomtAPX cell lines showed slowed growth, smaller cells impaired mitochondria in MS medium under normal growth. RNA-seq results showed 3121 genes significantly altered expression in the antisense cells, and most of them are important for mitochondrial function, particularly in oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings demonstrates a mitochondrial location for one APX isoform, and provide valuable insight into the mechanism which ROS balance is modulated by AsA-GSH cycle in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.,College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxue Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadi Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Pan
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Conghui Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihua Du
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinjun Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China. .,College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Haq SU, Khan A, Ali M, Gai WX, Zhang HX, Yu QH, Yang SB, Wei AM, Gong ZH. Knockdown of CaHSP60-6 confers enhanced sensitivity to heat stress in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). PLANTA 2019; 250:2127-2145. [PMID: 31606756 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
HSP60 gene family in pepper was analyzed through bioinformatics along with transcriptional regulation against multiple abiotic and hormonal stresses. Furthermore, the knockdown of CaHSP60-6 increased sensitivity to heat stress. The 60 kDa heat shock protein (HSP60) also known as chaperonin (cpn60) is encoded by multi-gene family that plays an important role in plant growth, development and in stress response as a molecular chaperone. However, little is known about the HSP60 gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). In this study, 16 putative pepper HSP60 genes were identified through bioinformatic tools. The phylogenetic tree revealed that eight of the pepper HSP60 genes (50%) clustered into group I, three (19%) into group II, and five (31%) into group III. Twelve (75%) CaHSP60 genes have more than 10 introns, while only a single gene contained no introns. Chromosomal mapping revealed that the tandem and segmental duplication events occurred in the process of evolution. Gene ontology enrichment analysis predicted that CaHSP60 genes were responsible for protein folding and refolding in an ATP-dependent manner in response to various stresses in the biological processes category. Multiple stress-related cis-regulatory elements were found in the promoter region of these CaHSP60 genes, which indicated that these genes were regulated in response to multiple stresses. Tissue-specific expression was studied under normal conditions and induced under 2 h of heat stress measured by RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR in different tissues (roots, stems, leaves, and flowers). The data implied that HSP60 genes play a crucial role in pepper growth, development, and stress responses. Fifteen (93%) CaHSP60 genes were induced in both, thermo-sensitive B6 and thermo-tolerant R9 lines under heat treatment. The relative expression of nine representative CaHSP60 genes in response to other abiotic stresses (cold, NaCl, and mannitol) and hormonal applications [ABA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA)] was also evaluated. Knockdown of CaHSP60-6 increased the sensitivity to heat shock treatment as documented by a higher relative electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species accumulation in silenced pepper plants along with a substantial lower chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity. These results suggested that HSP60 might act as a positive regulator in pepper defense against heat and other abiotic stresses. Our results provide a basis for further functional analysis of HSP60 genes in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ul Haq
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Abid Khan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xian Gai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Bao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Wei
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Wang QJ, Yuan Y, Liao Z, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Zhang L, Gao S, Wu F, Li M, Xie W, Liu T, Xu J, Liu Y, Feng X, Lu Y. Genome-Wide Association Study of 13 Traits in Maize Seedlings under Low Phosphorus Stress. THE PLANT GENOME 2019; 12:1-13. [PMID: 33016582 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2019.06.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low P stress is a global issue for grain production. Significant phenotypic differences were detected among 13 traits in 356 maize lines under P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. Significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and low-P stress-responsive genes were identified for 13 maize root traits based on a genome-wide association study. Hap5, harboring 12 favorable SNPs, could enhance strong root systems and P absorption under low-P stress. Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient required for normal plant growth and development. Determining the genetic basis of root traits will enhance our understanding of maize's (Zea mays L.) tolerance to low-P stress. Here, we identified significant phenotypic differences for 13 traits in maize seedlings subjected to P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. Six extremely sensitive and seven low-P stress tolerant inbreds were selected from 356 inbred lines of maize. No significant differences were observed between temperate and tropical-subtropical groups with respect to trait ratios associated with the adaptation to low-P stress. The broad-sense heritability of these traits ranged from relatively moderate (0.59) to high (0.90). Through genome-wide association mapping with 541,575 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 551, 1140 and 1157 significant SNPs were detected for the 13 traits in 2012, 2016 and both years combined, respectively, along with 23 shared candidate genes, seven of which overlapped with reported quantitative trait loci and genes for low-P stress. Five haplotypes located in candidate gene GRMZM2G009544 were identified; among these, Hap5, harboring 12 favorable SNP alleles, showed significantly greater values for the root traits studied than the other four haplotypes under both experimental conditions. The candidate genes and favorable haplotypes and alleles identified here provide promising resources for genetic studies and molecular breeding for improving tolerance to abiotic stress in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jun Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yibing Yuan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengqiao Liao
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- College of Chuancha, Yibin Univ., Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shibin Gao
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengkai Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Menglu Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wubing Xie
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianhong Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuanjun Feng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Lab. of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural Univ., Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
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