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Yang S, Cao Q, Peng K, Xie J. Jasmonic Acid-Treated Cotton Plant Leaves Impair Larvae Growth Performance, Activities of Detoxification Enzymes, and Insect Humoral Immunity of Cotton Bollworm. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:570-582. [PMID: 35680779 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of plant defense by exogenous elicitors is a promising tool for integrated pest management strategy. In the present study, cotton plants were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mM) of the natural plant defense elicitor, jasmonic acid (JA), and defense-related indicators in the plants were then determined. The cotton bollworm larvae were fed with JA-treated cotton leaves and larvae performances were discussed in terms of larvae relative growth rate (RGR), larval duration, pupal mass, humoral immunity, and activities of a target enzyme, three detoxification enzymes and two metabolic enzymes. Research results showed that JA treatment increased the contents of gossypol and H2O2, and decreased that of the total soluble carbohydrates, and 0.1 mM JA was more powerful in the induction of defense-related parameters. As a consequence, cotton bollworm larvae reared on JA-treated cotton leaves showed slower RGR, prolonged larvae duration, and decreased pupal mass. In addition, when larvae were fed with JA-treated cotton leaves, activities of phenoloxidae (an indicator of humoral immunity) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE, a target enzyme), alkaline phosphatases (ALP), acidic phosphatase (ACP), and three detoxification enzymes, carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 (P450), were all reduced compared to the control. Taken together, the results suggest that JA can be an alternative agent for pest management by delaying insect growth and inhibiting immune defense and detoxification capacity of the cotton bollworm, which may reduce the use of synthetic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Yang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal Univ, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjing Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal Univ, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihao Peng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal Univ, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Xie
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal Univ, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
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Bazinet Q, Tang L, Bede JC. Impact of Future Elevated Carbon Dioxide on C 3 Plant Resistance to Biotic Stresses. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:527-539. [PMID: 34889654 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-21-0189-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Before the end of the century, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are predicted to increase to approximately 900 ppm. This will dramatically affect plant physiology and influence environmental interactions and, in particular, plant resistance to biotic stresses. This review is a broad survey of the current research on the effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on phytohormone-mediated resistance of C3 agricultural crops and related model species to pathogens and insect herbivores. In general, while plants grown in eCO2 often have increased constitutive and induced salicylic acid levels and suppressed induced jasmonate levels, there are exceptions that implicate other environmental factors, such as light and nitrogen fertilization in modulating these responses. Therefore, this review sets the stage for future studies to delve into understanding the mechanistic basis behind how eCO2 will affect plant defensive phytohormone signaling pathways under future predicted environmental conditions that could threaten global food security to inform the best agricultural management practices.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn Bazinet
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Lawrence Tang
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jacqueline C Bede
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
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Escobar‐Bravo R, Schimmel BCJ, Glauser G, Klinkhamer PGL, Erb M. Leafminer attack accelerates the development of soil-dwelling conspecific pupae via plant-mediated changes in belowground volatiles. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:280-294. [PMID: 35028947 PMCID: PMC9305468 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore population dynamics are strongly influenced by the interactions established through their shared host. Such plant-mediated interactions can occur between different herbivore species and different life developmental stages of the same herbivore. However, whether these interactions occur between leaf-feeding herbivores and their soil-dwelling pupae is unknown. We studied whether tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf herbivory by the American serpentine leafminer Liriomyza trifolii affects the performance of conspecific pupae exposed to the soil headspace of the plant. To gain mechanistic insights, we performed insect bioassays with the jasmonate-deficient tomato mutant def-1 and its wild-type, along with phytohormones, gene expression and root volatiles analyses. Belowground volatiles accelerated leafminer metamorphosis when wild-type plants were attacked aboveground by conspecifics. The opposite pattern was observed for def-1 plants, in which aboveground herbivory slowed metamorphosis. Leafminer attack induced jasmonate and abscisic acid accumulation and modulated volatile production in tomato roots in a def-1-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that aboveground herbivory triggers changes in root defence signalling and expression, which can directly or indirectly via changes in soil or microbial volatiles, alter pupal development time. This finding expands the repertoire of plant-herbivore interactions to herbivory-induced modulation of metamorphosis, with potential consequences for plant and herbivore community dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Escobar‐Bravo
- Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of BernBern3013Switzerland
- Institute of Biology of LeidenLeiden UniversityLeiden2333 BEthe Netherlands
| | | | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtel2000Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of BernBern3013Switzerland
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Vishwanathan K, Zienkiewicz K, Liu Y, Janz D, Feussner I, Polle A, Haney CH. Ectomycorrhizal fungi induce systemic resistance against insects on a nonmycorrhizal plant in a CERK1-dependent manner. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:728-740. [PMID: 32473606 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Below-ground microbes can induce systemic resistance against foliar pests and pathogens on diverse plant hosts. The prevalence of induced systemic resistance (ISR) among plant-microbe-pest systems raises the question of host specificity in microbial induction of ISR. To test whether ISR is limited by plant host range, we tested the ISR-inducing ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor on the nonmycorrhizal plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We used the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni and bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto) as readouts for ISR on Arabidopsis. We found that root inoculation with L. bicolor triggered ISR against T. ni and induced systemic susceptibility (ISS) against the bacterial pathogen Pto. We found that L. bicolor-triggered ISR against T. ni was dependent on jasmonic acid signaling and salicylic acid biosynthesis and signaling. Heat-killed L. bicolor and chitin were sufficient to trigger ISR against T. ni and ISS against Pto. The chitin receptor CERK1 was necessary for L. bicolor-mediated effects on systemic immunity. Collectively our findings suggest that some ISR responses might not require intimate symbiotic association, but rather might be the result of root perception of conserved microbial signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Vishwanathan
- Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Buesgen-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Krzysztof Zienkiewicz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Dennis Janz
- Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Buesgen-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Buesgen-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Cara H Haney
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Goossens J, Fernández-Calvo P, Schweizer F, Goossens A. Jasmonates: signal transduction components and their roles in environmental stress responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 68:1333-1347. [PMID: 27927998 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates, oxylipin-type plant hormones, are implicated in diverse aspects of plant growth development and interaction with the environment. Following diverse developmental and environmental cues, jasmonate is produced, conjugated to the amino acid isoleucine and perceived by a co-receptor complex composed of the Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins and an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing the F-box CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1). This event triggers the degradation of the JAZ proteins and the release of numerous transcription factors, including MYC2 and its homologues, which are otherwise bound and inhibited by the JAZ repressors. Here, we will review the role of the COI1, JAZ and MYC2 proteins in the interaction of the plant with its environment, illustrating the significance of jasmonate signalling, and of the proteins involved, for responses to both biotic stresses caused by insects and numerous microbial pathogens and abiotic stresses caused by adverse climatic conditions. It has also become evident that crosstalk with other hormone signals, as well as light and clock signals, plays an important role in the control and fine-tuning of these stress responses. Finally, we will discuss how several pathogens exploit the jasmonate perception and early signalling machinery to decoy the plants defence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabian Schweizer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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6
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Goossens J, Fernández-Calvo P, Schweizer F, Goossens A. Jasmonates: signal transduction components and their roles in environmental stress responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:673-89. [PMID: 27086135 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates, oxylipin-type plant hormones, are implicated in diverse aspects of plant growth development and interaction with the environment. Following diverse developmental and environmental cues, jasmonate is produced, conjugated to the amino acid isoleucine and perceived by a co-receptor complex composed of the Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins and an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing the F-box CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1). This event triggers the degradation of the JAZ proteins and the release of numerous transcription factors, including MYC2 and its homologues, which are otherwise bound and inhibited by the JAZ repressors. Here, we will review the role of the COI1, JAZ and MYC2 proteins in the interaction of the plant with its environment, illustrating the significance of jasmonate signalling, and of the proteins involved, for responses to both biotic stresses caused by insects and numerous microbial pathogens and abiotic stresses caused by adverse climatic conditions. It has also become evident that crosstalk with other hormone signals, as well as light and clock signals, plays an important role in the control and fine-tuning of these stress responses. Finally, we will discuss how several pathogens exploit the jasmonate perception and early signalling machinery to decoy the plants defence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia Fernández-Calvo
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabian Schweizer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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7
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Shi X, Gao Y, Yan S, Tang X, Zhou X, Zhang D, Liu Y. Aphid performance changes with plant defense mediated by Cucumber mosaic virus titer. Virol J 2016; 13:70. [PMID: 27103351 PMCID: PMC4840961 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes appreciable losses in vegetables, ornamentals and agricultural crops. The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Aphididae) is one of the most efficient vectors for CMV. The transmission ecology of aphid-vectored CMV has been well investigated. However, the detailed description of the dynamic change in the plant-CMV-aphid interaction associated with plant defense and virus epidemics is not well known. RESULTS In this report, we investigated the relationship of virus titer with plant defense of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) during the different infection time and their interaction with aphids in CMV-infected tobacco plants. Our results showed that aphid performance changed with virus titer and plant defense on CMV-inoculated plants. At first, plant defense was low and aphid number increased gradually. The plant defense of SA signaling pathway was induced when virus titer was at a high level, and aphid performance was correspondingly reduced. Additionally, the winged aphids were increased. CONCLUSION Our results showed that aphid performance was reduced due to the induced plant defense mediated by Cucumber mosaic virus titer. Additionally, some wingless aphids became to winged aphids. In this way CMV could be transmitted with the migration of winged aphids. We should take measures to prevent aphids in the early stage of their occurrence in the field to prevent virus outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Deyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Longping Branch, Graduate College, Hunan University, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of the Pests and Diseases on Horticultural Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Longping Branch, Graduate College, Hunan University, Changsha, 410125, China.
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Speed MP, Fenton A, Jones MG, Ruxton GD, Brockhurst MA. Coevolution can explain defensive secondary metabolite diversity in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 208:1251-63. [PMID: 26243527 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many plant species produce defensive compounds that are often highly diverse within and between populations. The genetic and cellular mechanisms by which metabolite diversity is produced are increasingly understood, but the evolutionary explanations for persistent diversification in plant secondary metabolites have received less attention. Here we consider the role of plant-herbivore coevolution in the maintenance and characteristics of diversity in plant secondary metabolites. We present a simple model in which plants can evolve to invest in a range of defensive toxins, and herbivores can evolve resistance to these toxins. We allow either single-species evolution or reciprocal coevolution. Our model shows that coevolution maintains toxin diversity within populations. Furthermore, there is a fundamental coevolutionary asymmetry between plants and their herbivores, because herbivores must resist all plant toxins, whereas plants need to challenge and nullify only one resistance trait. As a consequence, average plant fitness increases and insect fitness decreases as number of toxins increases. When costs apply, the model showed both arms race escalation and strong coevolutionary fluctuation in toxin concentrations across time. We discuss the results in the context of other evolutionary explanations for secondary metabolite diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Speed
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Andy Fenton
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Meriel G Jones
- Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Graeme D Ruxton
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TH, UK
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Lu J, Robert CAM, Riemann M, Cosme M, Mène-Saffrané L, Massana J, Stout MJ, Lou Y, Gershenzon J, Erb M. Induced jasmonate signaling leads to contrasting effects on root damage and herbivore performance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 167:1100-16. [PMID: 25627217 PMCID: PMC4348761 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.252700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Induced defenses play a key role in plant resistance against leaf feeders. However, very little is known about the signals that are involved in defending plants against root feeders and how they are influenced by abiotic factors. We investigated these aspects for the interaction between rice (Oryza sativa) and two root-feeding insects: the generalist cucumber beetle (Diabrotica balteata) and the more specialized rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus). Rice plants responded to root attack by increasing the production of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid, whereas in contrast to in herbivore-attacked leaves, salicylic acid and ethylene levels remained unchanged. The JA response was decoupled from flooding and remained constant over different soil moisture levels. Exogenous application of methyl JA to the roots markedly decreased the performance of both root herbivores, whereas abscisic acid and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid did not have any effect. JA-deficient antisense 13-lipoxygenase (asLOX) and mutant allene oxide cyclase hebiba plants lost more root biomass under attack from both root herbivores. Surprisingly, herbivore weight gain was decreased markedly in asLOX but not hebiba mutant plants, despite the higher root biomass removal. This effect was correlated with a herbivore-induced reduction of sucrose pools in asLOX roots. Taken together, our experiments show that jasmonates are induced signals that protect rice roots from herbivores under varying abiotic conditions and that boosting jasmonate responses can strongly enhance rice resistance against root pests. Furthermore, we show that a rice 13-lipoxygenase regulates root primary metabolites and specifically improves root herbivore growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Christelle Aurélie Maud Robert
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Michael Riemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Marco Cosme
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Laurent Mène-Saffrané
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Josep Massana
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Michael Joseph Stout
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Yonggen Lou
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
| | - Matthias Erb
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany (J.L., C.A.M.R., J.G., M.E.);Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland (C.A.M.R., M.E.);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute-Molecular Cell Biology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany (M.R.);Functional Biodiversity, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.C.);Department of Plant Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (L.M.-S., J.M.);Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (M.J.S.); andInstitute of Insect Science, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (Y.L.)
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Hu X, Makita S, Schelbert S, Sano S, Ochiai M, Tsuchiya T, Hasegawa SF, Hörtensteiner S, Tanaka A, Tanaka R. Reexamination of chlorophyllase function implies its involvement in defense against chewing herbivores. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 167:660-70. [PMID: 25583926 PMCID: PMC4348758 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.252023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyllase (CLH) is a common plant enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of chlorophyll to form chlorophyllide, a more hydrophilic derivative. For more than a century, the biological role of CLH has been controversial, although this enzyme has been often considered to catalyze chlorophyll catabolism during stress-induced chlorophyll breakdown. In this study, we found that the absence of CLH does not affect chlorophyll breakdown in intact leaf tissue in the absence or the presence of methyl-jasmonate, which is known to enhance stress-induced chlorophyll breakdown. Fractionation of cellular membranes shows that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CLH is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and the tonoplast of intact plant cells. These results indicate that CLH is not involved in endogenous chlorophyll catabolism. Instead, we found that CLH promotes chlorophyllide formation upon disruption of leaf cells, or when it is artificially mistargeted to the chloroplast. These results indicate that CLH is responsible for chlorophyllide formation after the collapse of cells, which led us to hypothesize that chlorophyllide formation might be a process of defense against chewing herbivores. We found that Arabidopsis leaves with genetically enhanced CLH activity exhibit toxicity when fed to Spodoptera litura larvae, an insect herbivore. In addition, purified chlorophyllide partially suppresses the growth of the larvae. Taken together, these results support the presence of a unique binary defense system against insect herbivores involving chlorophyll and CLH. Potential mechanisms of chlorophyllide action for defense are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Hu
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Satoru Makita
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Silvia Schelbert
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Shinsuke Sano
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Masanori Ochiai
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Tohru Tsuchiya
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Shigeaki F Hasegawa
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Stefan Hörtensteiner
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
| | - Ryouichi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (X.H., M.O., S.F.H., A.T., R.T.);Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Odawara 250-0280, Japan (S.M., S.Sa.);Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland (S.Sc., S.H.);Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies (T.T.) and Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies (T.T.), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and Japan Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology, Japan Science Technology Agency, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan (A.T., R.T.)
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