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Raimondi P, Benabderrahmane C, Berkvens P, Biasci JC, Borowiec P, Bouteille JF, Brochard T, Brookes NB, Carmignani N, Carver LR, Chaize JM, Chavanne J, Checchia S, Chushkin Y, Cianciosi F, Di Michiel M, Dimper R, D’Elia A, Einfeld D, Ewald F, Farvacque L, Goirand L, Hardy L, Jacob J, Jolly L, Krisch M, Le Bec G, Leconte I, Liuzzo SM, Maccarrone C, Marchial T, Martin D, Mezouar M, Nevo C, Perron T, Plouviez E, Reichert H, Renaud P, Revol JL, Roche B, Scheidt KB, Serriere V, Sette F, Susini J, Torino L, Versteegen R, White S, Zontone F. The Extremely Brilliant Source storage ring of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS 2023; 6:82. [PMID: 37124119 PMCID: PMC10124696 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-023-01195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) is the experimental implementation of the novel Hybrid Multi Bend Achromat (HMBA) storage ring magnetic lattice concept, which has been realised at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. We present its successful commissioning and first operation. We highlight the strengths of the HMBA design and compare them to the previous designs, on which most operational synchrotron X-ray sources are based. We report on the EBS storage ring's significantly improved horizontal electron beam emittance and other key beam parameters. EBS extends the reach of synchrotron X-ray science confirming the HMBA concept for future facility upgrades and new constructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantaleo Raimondi
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Paul Berkvens
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Claude Biasci
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pawel Borowiec
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Thierry Brochard
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicholas B. Brookes
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicola Carmignani
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lee R. Carver
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Michel Chaize
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Joel Chavanne
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stefano Checchia
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yuriy Chushkin
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Filippo Cianciosi
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Di Michiel
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rudolf Dimper
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessandro D’Elia
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dieter Einfeld
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Friederike Ewald
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Farvacque
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Loys Goirand
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Hardy
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jorn Jacob
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Jolly
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michael Krisch
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gael Le Bec
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Leconte
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Simone M. Liuzzo
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cristian Maccarrone
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Marchial
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - David Martin
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Nevo
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Perron
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Plouviez
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Harald Reichert
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Renaud
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Revol
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoît Roche
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Kees-Bertus Scheidt
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Serriere
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Francesco Sette
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Susini
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Torino
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Reine Versteegen
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Simon White
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Federico Zontone
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Marks SD, Quan P, Liu R, Highland MJ, Zhou H, Kuech TF, Stephenson GB, Evans PG. Instrument for in situ hard x-ray nanobeam characterization during epitaxial crystallization and materials transformations. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023908. [PMID: 33648142 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) and other three-dimensional epitaxial crystallization processes pose challenging structural and chemical characterization problems. The concentration of defects, the spatial distribution of elastic strain, and the chemical state of ions each vary with nanoscale characteristic length scales and depend sensitively on the gas environment and elastic boundary conditions during growth. The lateral or three-dimensional propagation of crystalline interfaces in SPE has nanoscale or submicrometer characteristic distances during typical crystallization times. An in situ synchrotron hard x-ray instrument allows these features to be studied during deposition and crystallization using diffraction, resonant scattering, nanobeam and coherent diffraction imaging, and reflectivity. The instrument incorporates a compact deposition system allowing the use of short-working-distance x-ray focusing optics. Layers are deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering and evaporation sources. The deposition system provides control of the gas atmosphere and sample temperature. The sample is positioned using a stable mechanical design to minimize vibration and drift and employs precise translation stages to enable nanobeam experiments. Results of in situ x-ray characterization of the amorphous thin film deposition process for a SrTiO3/BaTiO3 multilayer illustrate implementation of this instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Marks
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Peiyu Quan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Matthew J Highland
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Thomas F Kuech
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G Brian Stephenson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Paul G Evans
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Qiao Y, Zhou H, Jiang Z, He Q, Gan S, Wang H, Wen S, de Pablo J, Liu Y, Tirrell MV, Chen W. An in situ shearing x-ray measurement system for exploring structures and dynamics at the solid-liquid interface. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:013908. [PMID: 32012592 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Revealing interfacial structure and dynamics has been one of the essential thematic topics in material science and condensed matter physics. Synchrotron-based x-ray scattering techniques can deliver unique and insightful probing of interfacial structures and dynamics, in particular, in reflection geometries with higher surface and interfacial sensitivity than transmission geometries. We demonstrate the design and implementation of an in situ shearing x-ray measurement system, equipped with both inline parallel-plate and cone-and-plate shearing setups and operated at the advanced photon source at Argonne National Laboratory, to investigate the structures and dynamics of end-tethered polymers at the solid-liquid interface. With a precise lifting motor, a micrometer-scale gap can be produced by aligning two surfaces of a rotating upper shaft and a lower sample substrate. A torsional shear flow forms in the gap and applies tangential shear forces on the sample surface. The technical combination with nanoscale rheology and the utilization of in situ x-ray scattering allow us to gain fundamental insights into the complex dynamics in soft interfaces under shearing. In this work, we demonstrate the technical scope and experimental capability of the in situ shearing x-ray system through the measurements of charged polymers at both flat and curved interfaces upon shearing. Through the in situ shearing x-ray scattering experiments integrated with theoretical simulations, we aim to develop a detailed understanding of the short-range molecular structure and mesoscale ionic aggregate morphology, as well as ion transport and dynamics in soft interfaces, thereby providing fundamental insight into a long-standing challenge in ionic polymer brushes with a significant technological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Zhang Jiang
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Qiming He
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Shenglong Gan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Hongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shizhu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juan de Pablo
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Cook S, Letchworth-Weaver K, Tung IC, Andersen TK, Hong H, Marks LD, Fong DD. How heteroepitaxy occurs on strontium titanate. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav0764. [PMID: 30993200 PMCID: PMC6461459 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In traditional models of heteroepitaxy, the substrate serves mainly as a crystalline template for the thin-film lattice, dictating the initial roughness of the film and the degree of coherent strain. Here, performing in situ surface x-ray diffraction during the heteroepitaxial growth of LaTiO3 on SrTiO3 (001), we find that a TiO2 adlayer composed of the ( 13 × 13 ) R33.7° and ( 2 × 2 ) R45.0° reconstructions is a highly active participant in the growth process, continually diffusing to the surface throughout deposition. The effects of the TiO2 adlayer on layer-by-layer growth are investigated using different deposition sequences and anomalous x-ray scattering, both of which permit detailed insight into the dynamic layer rearrangements that take place. Our work challenges commonly held assumptions regarding growth on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 (001) and demonstrates the critical role of excess TiO2 surface stoichiometry on the initial stages of heteroepitaxial growth on this important perovskite oxide substrate material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Cook
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60202, USA
| | | | - I-Cheng Tung
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Tassie K. Andersen
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60202, USA
| | - Hawoong Hong
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Laurence D. Marks
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60202, USA
| | - Dillon D. Fong
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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