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Aza P, Linde D, Molpeceres G, Vind J, Medrano FJ, Camarero S. Role and structure of the small subunit forming heterodimers with laccase-like enzymes. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4734. [PMID: 37483125 PMCID: PMC10443355 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Unlike laccases sensu stricto, which are usually monomeric enzymes, laccase-like enzymes recently re-classified as Novel Laccases (NLACs) are characterized by the formation of heterodimers with small proteins (subunits) of unknown function. Here the NLAC from Pleurotus eryngii (PeNL) and a small protein selected from the fungal genome, that is homologous to reported POXA3 from Pleurotus ostreatus, were produced in Aspergillus oryzae separately or together. The two proteins interacted regardless of whether the small subunit was co-expressed or exogenously added to the enzyme. The stability and catalytic activity of PeNL was significantly enhanced in the presence of the small subunit. Size exclusion chromatography-multi angle light scattering (SEC-MALS) analysis confirmed that the complex PeNL-ss is a heterodimer of 77.4 kDa. The crystallographic structure of the small protein expressed in Escherichia coli was solved at 1.6 Å resolution. This is the first structure elucidated of a small subunit of a NLAC. The helix bundle structure of the small subunit accommodates well with the enzyme model structure, including interactions with specific regions of NLACs and some amino acid residues of the substrate-binding loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Aza
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSICMadridSpain
| | - Dolores Linde
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSICMadridSpain
| | | | | | - F. Javier Medrano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSICMadridSpain
| | - Susana Camarero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSICMadridSpain
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Zhang Q, Yuan C, Wang F, Xu S, Li Y, Shi G, Ding Z. Roles of Small Subunits of Laccase (ssPOXA3a/b) in Laccase Production by Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13113-13124. [PMID: 34696587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The small subunit, ssPOXA3a/b, and the large subunit, POXA3, are indispensable components of typical heterodimeric laccase (Lacc2) in white rot fungi. However, the enzymatic and biological functions of ssPOXA3a/b remain unclear. The present study revealed that neither ssPOXA3a nor ssPOXA3b per se has a catalytic ability, whereas their combination with POXA3 (and especially ssPOXA3b) enhances the activity, thermostability, and pH stability of POXA3. In Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae, there was no regulatory relationship between ssPOXA3a/b and POXA3 at the transcriptional level. However, sspoxa3a/b overexpression had a negative feedback effect on lacc6 transcription. By contrast, poxa3 transcripts had no effect on any other laccase isoenzyme. Overexpression of sspoxa3a/b resulted in small fungal pellets, thin mycelial walls, and facilitated laccase secretion. However, poxa3 overexpression had no influence on pellet morphology. Collectively, this work elucidated the functions of ssPOXA3a/b and laid an empirical foundation for the development of high-yield laccase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Youran Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ezike TC, Ezugwu AL, Udeh JO, Eze SOO, Chilaka FC. Purification and characterisation of new laccase from Trametes polyzona WRF03. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 28:e00566. [PMID: 33299811 PMCID: PMC7701954 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Trametes polyzona WRF03 produced high yield of true laccase. Trametes polyzona WRF03 laccase was relatively pH and temperature stable. Fe2+, sodium azide and sodium cyanide greatly inhibited laccase activity. Trametes polyzona WRF03 laccase decolorised many classes of synthetic dyes.
The molecular screening for laccase specific gene sequences in Trametes polyzona WRF03 (TpWRF03) using designed oligonucleotide primers analogous to the conserved sequences on the copper-binding regions of known laccases showed positive amplification with an amplicon size corresponding to 1500 bp. The purified TpWRF03 laccase (TpL) is a monomer with a molecular weight corresponding to 66 kDa. The enzyme had an optimal pH of 4.5 and temperature of 55 °C. TpL was most stable within pH of 5.5–6.5 and at a temperature range of 40–50 °C. Sodium azide, sodium cyanide and Fe2+ greatly inhibited the enzyme activity. TpL showed more than 50 % decolourisation efficiency on coomassie brilliant blue (72.35 %) and malachite green (57.84 %) but displayed low decolourisation efficiency towards Azure B (1.78 %) and methylene blue (0.38 %). The results showed that TpWRF03 produces high-yield of true laccase with robust properties for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arinze Linus Ezugwu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Jerry Okwudili Udeh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Ng TB, Cheung RCF, Wong JH, Chan YS, Dan X, Pan W, Wang H, Guan S, Chan K, Ye X, Liu F, Xia L, Chan WY. Fungal proteinaceous compounds with multiple biological activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6601-6617. [PMID: 27338574 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fungi comprise organisms like molds, yeasts and mushrooms. They have been used as food or medicine for a long time. A large number of fungal proteins or peptides with diverse biological activities are considered as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer agents. They encompass proteases, ribosome inactivating proteins, defensins, hemolysins, lectins, laccases, ribonucleases, immunomodulatory proteins, and polysaccharopeptides. The target of the present review is to update the status of the various bioactivities of these fungal proteins and peptides and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Randy Chi Fai Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Dan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenliang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suzhen Guan
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ki Chan
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiuyun Ye
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Otto B, Schlosser D. First laccase in green algae: purification and characterization of an extracellular phenol oxidase from Tetracystis aeria. PLANTA 2014; 240:1225-1236. [PMID: 25115562 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A green algal phenol oxidase was firstly purified, confirmed to be a laccase, and a hetero-oligomeric quaternary structure is suggested. The operation of a laccase-mediator system is firstly described in algae. Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) catalyze the oxidation of a multitude of aromatic substrates. They are well known in higher plants and fungi, while their presence in green algae appears uncertain. Extracellular laccase-like enzyme activity has previously been described in culture supernatants of the green soil alga Tetracystis aeria [Otto et al. in Arch Microbiol 192:759-768, (2010)]. As reported herein, the T. aeria enzyme was purified 120-fold by employing a combination of anion exchange and size exclusion chromatography. The purified enzyme was confirmed to be a laccase according to its substrate specificity. It oxidizes 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), syringaldazine, and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (pH optima of pH ≤ 2.5, 7.0, and 6.5; K m values of 28.8, 40.5, and 1,830 µM; respectively), but not L-tyrosine or Fe(2+). ABTS is by far the most efficient substrate. Two polypeptides, A (~110 kDa) and B (71 kDa), were co-purified by the applied procedure, both being highly N-glycosylated (≥~53 and ≥ 27 %, respectively). As suggested by various gel electrophoretic analyses, the native enzyme (apparent molecular mass of ~220 kDa) most probably is a hetero-oligomer with the composition AB 2 , wherein A is the catalytic subunit and B forms a disulfide-linked homo-dimer B2. The decolorization of anthraquinone (Acid Blue 62 and Remazol Brilliant Blue R) and diazo dyes (Reactive Black 5) was studied in the presence of redox-mediating compounds (ABTS and syringaldehyde), demonstrating the operation of the laccase-mediator system in algae for the first time. Thus, laccases from green algae may participate in the biotransformation of a wide spectrum of natural and xenobiotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Otto
- Institute of Biology, General and Applied Botany, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany,
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