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Csima M, Podráczky J, Keresztes V, Soós E, Fináncz J. The Role of Parental Health Literacy in Establishing Health-Promoting Habits in Early Childhood. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:576. [PMID: 38790571 PMCID: PMC11119361 DOI: 10.3390/children11050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In early childhood, children are extremely susceptible to the acquisition of habits and the establishment of health-promoting habits. Therefore, the patterns, routines, and rules transmitted and expected by the adults surrounding the child are of paramount importance and can correlate with the level of their health literacy. Our cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory study aimed to examine the relationships between parental health literacy and preschool children's health-related habits, using simple, non-random sampling (n = 598). In addition to the sociodemographic characteristics, the measuring tool we compiled included the standardized European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16), as well as a set of questions containing 30 statements suitable for exploring children's habit systems. The health literacy of the parents involved in our study proved to be more favorable than that of the general population. Regarding children's habit systems, we found significant differences in several areas by age group (p < 0.05) and gender (p < 0.05). The levels of parental health literacy (0.003 ≤ p ≤ 0.048) and parents' education (p < 0.05) show a correlation with the children's health-related habit systems: the indicators of children with parents who have a higher level of health literacy and a higher level of education are more favorable in terms of established habits. In the long term, the formation of health-promoting habits may facilitate the internalization of favorable health behavior motives for the future, contributing to the establishment of positive physical, mental, and social health in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Csima
- Institute of Education, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (J.P.); (J.F.)
- MTA-MATE Early Childhood Research Group, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (V.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Judit Podráczky
- Institute of Education, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (J.P.); (J.F.)
- MTA-MATE Early Childhood Research Group, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (V.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Viktória Keresztes
- MTA-MATE Early Childhood Research Group, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (V.K.); (E.S.)
- Education and Society Doctoral School of Education, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Evelin Soós
- MTA-MATE Early Childhood Research Group, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (V.K.); (E.S.)
- Education and Society Doctoral School of Education, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Fináncz
- Institute of Education, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (J.P.); (J.F.)
- MTA-MATE Early Childhood Research Group, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (V.K.); (E.S.)
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Hoyt CR, Clifton M, Smith CR, Woods L, Taff SD. Transforming Occupational Therapy for the 21st Century PAIRE: Recognize Privilege, Acknowledge Injustice, and Reframe Perspective to Reach Equity. Occup Ther Health Care 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37837307 PMCID: PMC11016132 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2023.2265479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Theories, models, and frameworks provide the foundation for occupational therapy education, research, and clinical practice. While most have a systems approach focus, other factors, such as societal influences and structural inequities, also contribute to health. Using a cross-sectional design, this study identified the gaps in occupational therapy models of practice and presents a novel approach, the PAIRE (Recognize Privilege, Acknowledge Injustice, and Reframe Perspective to Reach Equity) Model. PAIRE is focused on achieving occupational equity through the reciprocal and intersectional impact of the provider/team, the person/people seeking occupational therapy, and the occupation-in-context, with continuous influences of access, context, and justice. We describe the components of PAIRE and illustrate its functionality in education, research, and clinical practice contexts as well as case examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R Hoyt
- Program in Occupational Therapy, WA University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maribeth Clifton
- College of Allied Health Professions, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Occupational Therapy Program, University of NE Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Steven D Taff
- Program in Occupational Therapy, WA University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Office of Education, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Buckley L, Gibson L, Harford K, Cornally N, Curtin M. Community paediatric clinics and their role in supporting developmental outcomes and services for children living in disadvantaged communities. J Child Health Care 2022:13674935221146008. [PMID: 36541888 DOI: 10.1177/13674935221146008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Children living in disadvantaged communities have substantially increased risk for deleterious health and developmental outcomes. A considerable proportion of developmental delay is avoidable; however if children do not receive appropriate treatment within this critical period, damage can be irreparable. Community paediatric clinics provide medical and developmental assessment; deliver health promotion services, counselling, and advice to caregivers; and referral to services. The aim of this study was to systematically search, appraise, and synthesise the literature exploring the role of community paediatric clinics in supporting developmental outcomes and services for children living in disadvantaged communities. Electronic databases were searched using a carefully developed search strategy. Validated tools and appropriate guidelines assessed quality and confidence in evidence. Data analysis and mixed-methods synthesis was guided by the Segregated Framework for Mixed-Method Systematic Reviews. Eighteen studies were selected for inclusion. Areas of emphasis in the literature include the identification and monitoring of developmental delay; engagement of vulnerable families; relational working with children, families, and local services; referral to early intervention services; parental empowerment, practitioner capacity building; and tackling barriers to healthcare access. Through use of a child and family-centred model of care, community paediatric clinics can better meet the needs of vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Buckley
- School of Public Health, 8795University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Louise Gibson
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 8795University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katherine Harford
- Let's Grow Together! Infant & Childhood Partnerships CLG, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nicola Cornally
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, 8795University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Margaret Curtin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, 8795University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Health Literacy in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081131. [PMID: 36010022 PMCID: PMC9406303 DOI: 10.3390/children9081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early childhood plays a key role in the formation of healthy habits and the establishment of health literacy. Nonetheless, there are only a few research studies focusing on the health literacy level of children under the age of eight. The aim of our systematic review is to explore empirical research on health literacy related to early childhood. The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. This systematic review examines 12 studies published between 2013–2022. Results show that research focuses on different domains of health literacy for children. In relation to children’s food literacy, children understand the relationship between health and nutrition and they realize the health impact of obesity. The habits connected to oral health are strongly associated with parents’ knowledge of and behaviours around oral health. Results related to health care situations show that children are able to be actively involved in decision-making processes in connection with their health. Exploring young children’s health literacy is essential in order to be able to plan health promotion interventions, embedded into early childhood education. Picture-based messages or story-based messages supported by illustrations can help measure health literacy in early childhood and can support the formation of health literacy.
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Vergani M, Mansouri F, Weng E, Rajkobal P. The effectiveness of ethno-specific and mainstream health services: an evidence gap map. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:879. [PMID: 35799175 PMCID: PMC9263048 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) background face significant barriers in accessing effective health services in multicultural countries such as the United States, Canada, Europe and Australia. To address these barriers, government and nongovernment organisations globally have taken the approach of creating ethno-specific services, which cater to the specific needs of CALD clients. These services are often complementary to mainstream services, which cater to the general population including CALD communities. METHODS This systematic review uses the Evidence Gap Map (EGM) approach to map the available evidence on the effectiveness of ethno-specific and mainstream services in the Australian context. We reviewed Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases for articles published from 1996 to 2021 that assessed the impact of health services for Australian CALD communities. Two independent reviewers extracted and coded all the documents, and discussed discrepancies until reaching a 100% agreement. The main inclusion criteria were: 1) time (published after 1996); 2) geography (data collected in Australia); 3) document type (presents results of empirical research in a peer-reviewed outlet); 4) scope (assesses the effectiveness of a health service on CALD communities). We identified 97 articles relevant for review. RESULTS Ninety-six percent of ethno-specific services (i.e. specifically targeting CALD groups) were effective in achieving their aims across various outcomes. Eighteen percent of mainstream services (i.e. targeting the general population) were effective for CALD communities. When disaggregating our sample by outcomes (i.e. access, satisfaction with the service, health and literacy), we found that 50 % of studies looking at mainstream services' impact on CALD communities found that they were effective in achieving health outcomes. The use of sub-optimal methodologies that increase the risk of biased findings is widespread in the research field that we mapped. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide partial support to the claims of advocacy stakeholders that mainstream services have limitations in the provision of effective health services for CALD communities. Although focusing on the Australian case study, this review highlights an under-researched policy area, proposes a viable methodology to conduct further research on this topic, and points to the need to disaggregate the data by outcome (i.e. access, satisfaction with the service, health and literacy) when assessing the comparative effectiveness of ethno-specific and mainstream services for multicultural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vergani
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Fethi Mansouri
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Enqi Weng
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Praveena Rajkobal
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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Muhmann D, Droste M, Schulz J, Linge F, Ladewig L, Eisenberg U, Röder S, Büscher R. Schoolchildren from disadvantaged backgrounds present a loss of lean tissue mass and significant increase of body fat mass during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: results from the MEDdirect study. World J Pediatr 2022; 18:363-367. [PMID: 35322341 PMCID: PMC8942149 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Muhmann
- University Hospital Essen, Pediatrics II, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Marvin Droste
- University Hospital Essen, Pediatrics II, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Jörn Schulz
- Be Strong for Kids E.V, Sundernholz 108, 45134 Essen, Germany
| | - Frederike Linge
- Schule Am Steeler Tor, Engelbertstr. 4, 45127 Essen, Germany
| | - Lea Ladewig
- Schule Am Steeler Tor, Engelbertstr. 4, 45127 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Röder
- Schule Am Steeler Tor, Engelbertstr. 4, 45127 Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer Büscher
- University Hospital Essen, Pediatrics II, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
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