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Zhu YX, Wang XY, Yang TY, Zhang HH, Li TP, Du YZ. Mechanisms of bacterial and fungal community assembly in leaf miners during transition from natural to laboratory environments. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1424568. [PMID: 39091307 PMCID: PMC11291455 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1424568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental heterogeneity partly drives microbial succession in arthropods, while the microbial assembly mechanisms during environmental changes remain largely unknown. Here, we explored the temporal dynamics and assembly mechanisms within both bacterial and fungal communities in Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) during the transition from field to laboratory conditions. We observed a decrease in bacterial diversity and complexity of bacterial-fungal co-occurrence networks in leaf miners transitioning from wild to captive environments. Both neutral and null models revealed that stochastic processes, particularly drift (contributing over 70%), play a crucial role in governing bacterial and fungal community assembly. The relative contribution of ecological processes such as dispersal, drift, and selection varied among leaf miners transitioning from wild to captive states. Furthermore, we propose a hypothetical scenario for the assembly and succession of microbial communities in the leaf miner during the short- and long-term transition from the wild to captivity. Our findings suggest that environmental heterogeneity determines the ecological processes governing bacterial and fungal community assembly in leaf miners, offering new insights into microbiome and mycobiome assembly mechanisms in invasive pests amidst environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Zhu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Yue Yang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tong-Pu Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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2
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Liu HH, Chen L, Shao HB, Gao S, Hong XY, Bing XL. Environmental Factors and the Symbiont Cardinium Influence the Bacterial Microbiome of Spider Mites Across the Landscape. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 87:1. [PMID: 37991578 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbes play a key role in the biology, ecology, and evolution of arthropods. Despite accumulating data on microbial communities in arthropods that feed on plants using piercing-sucking mouthparts, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the composition and assembly factors of the microbiota, particularly in field-collected spider mites. Here, we applied 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to investigate the characters of the bacterial community in 140 samples representing 420 mite individuals, belonging to eight Tetranychus species (Acari: Tetranychidae) collected from 26 sites in China. The results showed that the bacterial composition of spider mites varied significantly among different species, locations, and plants. The environment showed a significant influence on the bacterial community of spider mites, with different relative contributions. Latitude and precipitation were found to be the main factors influencing the bacterial community composition. The dissimilarity of bacterial community and geographical distance between mite locations were significantly correlated. The assembly of spider mite bacterial communities seemed to be mainly influenced by stochastic processes. Furthermore, the symbiont Cardinium was found to be important in shaping the microbiota of many Tetranychus species. The relative abundance of Cardinium was > 50% in T. viennensis, T. urticae G, T. urticae R, and T. turkestani. Removing Cardinium reads from our analysis significantly changed Shannon diversity index and weighted beta diversity in these species. Altogether, this study provides novel insights into bacterial diversity patterns that contribute to our knowledge of the symbiotic relationships between arthropods and their bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Biao Shao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Hong
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Li Bing
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Yang ZW, Luo JY, Men Y, Liu ZH, Zheng ZK, Wang YH, Xie Q. Different roles of host and habitat in determining the microbial communities of plant-feeding true bugs. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:244. [PMID: 37932839 PMCID: PMC10629178 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The true bugs (Heteroptera) occupy nearly all of the known ecological niches of insects. Among them, as a group containing more than 30,000 species, the phytophagous true bugs are making increasing impacts on agricultural and forestry ecosystems. Previous studies proved that symbiotic bacteria play important roles in these insects in fitting various habitats. However, it is still obscure about the evolutionary and ecological patterns of the microorganisms of phytophagous true bugs as a whole with comprehensive taxon sampling. RESULTS Here, in order to explore the symbiotic patterns between plant-feeding true bugs and their symbiotic microorganisms, 209 species belonging to 32 families of 9 superfamilies had been sampled, which covered all the major phytophagous families of true bugs. The symbiotic microbial communities were surveyed by full-length 16S rRNA gene and ITS amplicons respectively for bacteria and fungi using the PacBio platform. We revealed that hosts mainly affect the dominant bacteria of symbiotic microbial communities, while habitats generally influence the subordinate ones. Thereafter, we carried out the ancestral state reconstruction of the dominant bacteria and found that dramatic replacements of dominant bacteria occurred in the early Cretaceous and formed newly stable symbiotic relationships accompanying the radiation of insect families. In contrast, the symbiotic fungi were revealed to be horizontally transmitted, which makes fungal communities distinctive in different habitats but not significantly related to hosts. CONCLUSIONS Host and habitat determine microbial communities of plant-feeding true bugs in different roles. The symbiotic bacterial communities are both shaped by host and habitat but in different ways. Nevertheless, the symbiotic fungal communities are mainly influenced by habitat but not host. These findings shed light on a general framework for future microbiome research of phytophagous insects. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiu-Yang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Men
- School of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Kai Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Hui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
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Ettinger CL, Wu-Woods J, Kurbessoian T, Brown DJ, de Souza Pacheco I, Vindiola BG, Walling LL, Atkinson PW, Byrne FJ, Redak R, Stajich JE. Geographical survey of the mycobiome and microbiome of Southern California glassy-winged sharpshooters. mSphere 2023; 8:e0026723. [PMID: 37800904 PMCID: PMC10597469 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00267-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar, is an invasive xylem-feeding leafhopper with a devastating economic impact on California agriculture through transmission of the plant pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa. While studies have focused on X. fastidiosa or known symbionts of H. vitripennis, little work has been done at the scale of the microbiome (the bacterial community) or mycobiome (the fungal community). Here, we characterize the mycobiome and the microbiome of H. vitripennis across Southern California and explore correlations with captivity and host insecticide resistance status. Using high-throughput sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 region and the 16S rRNA gene to profile the mycobiome and microbiome, respectively, we found that while the H. vitripennis mycobiome significantly varied across Southern California, the microbiome did not. We also observed a significant difference in both the mycobiome and microbiome between captive and wild H. vitripennis. Finally, we found that the mycobiome, but not the microbiome, was correlated with insecticide resistance status in wild H. vitripennis. This study serves as a foundational look at the H. vitripennis mycobiome and microbiome across Southern California. Future work should explore the putative link between microbes and insecticide resistance status and investigate whether microbial communities should be considered in H. vitripennis management practices. IMPORTANCE The glassy-winged sharpshooter is an invasive leafhopper that feeds on the xylem of plants and transmits the devastating pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa, resulting in significant economic damage to California's agricultural system. While studies have focused on this pathogen or obligate symbionts of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, there is limited knowledge of the bacterial and fungal communities that make up its microbiome and mycobiome. To address this knowledge gap, we explored the composition of the mycobiome and the microbiome of the glassy-winged sharpshooter across Southern California and identified differences associated with geography, captivity, and host insecticide resistance status. Understanding sources of variation in the microbial communities associated with the glassy-winged sharpshooter is an important consideration for developing management strategies to control this invasive insect. This study is a first step toward understanding the role microbes may play in the glassy-winged sharpshooter's resistance to insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L. Ettinger
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jessica Wu-Woods
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Tania Kurbessoian
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Dylan J. Brown
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | | | - Beatriz G. Vindiola
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Linda L. Walling
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Peter W. Atkinson
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Frank J. Byrne
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Richard Redak
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jason E. Stajich
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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Kil EJ, Kim D. The small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) as a vector of the rice stripe virus. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21992. [PMID: 36575628 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, is a destructive pest insect found in rice fields. L. striatellus not only directly feeds on the phloem sap of rice but also transmits various viruses, such as rice stripe virus (RSV) and rice black-streaked dwarf virus, resulting in serious loss of rice production. RSV is a rice-infecting virus that is found mainly in Korea, China, and Japan. To develop novel strategies to control L. striatellus and L. striatellus-transmitted viruses, various studies have been conducted, based on vector biology, interactions between vectors and pathogens, and omics, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. In this review, we discuss the roles of saliva proteins during phloem sap-sucking and virus transmission, the diversity and role of the microbial community in L. striatellus, the profile and molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance, classification of L. striatellus-transmitted RSV, its host range and symptoms, its genome composition and roles of virus-derived proteins, its distribution, interactions with L. striatellus, and resistance and control, to suggest future directions for integrated pest management to control L. striatellus and L. striatellus-transmitted viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Kim
- Department of Entomology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Vector Entomology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Invertebrate Vector, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
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6
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Bing XL, Wan YY, Liu HH, Ji R, Zhao DS, Niu YD, Li TP, Hong XY. Characterization of Pantoea ananatis from rice planthoppers reveals a clade of rice-associated P. ananatis undergoing genome reduction. Microb Genom 2022; 8:mgen000907. [PMID: 36748509 PMCID: PMC9837560 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pantoea ananatis is a bacterium that is found in many agronomic crops and agricultural pests. Here, we isolated a P. ananatis strain (Lstr) from the rice planthopper Laodelphax striatellus, a notorious pest that feeds on rice plant sap and transmits rice viruses, in order to examine its genome and biology. P. ananatis Lstr is an insect symbiont that is pathogenic to the host insect and appears to mostly inhabit the gut. Its pathogenicity thus raises the possibility of using the Lstr strain as a biological agent. To this end, we analysed the genome of the Lstr strain and compared it with the genomes of other Pantoea species. Our analysis of these genomes shows that P. ananatis can be divided into two mono-phylogenetic clades (clades one and two). The Lstr strain belongs to clade two and is grouped with P. ananatis strains that were isolated from rice or rice-associated samples. A comparative genomic analysis shows that clade two differs from clade one in many genomic characteristics including genome structures, mobile elements, and categories of coding proteins. The genomes of clade two P. ananatis are significantly smaller, have much fewer coding sequences but more pseudogenes than those of clade one, suggesting that clade two species are at the early stage of genome reduction. On the other hand, P. ananatis has a type VI secretion system that is highly variable but cannot be separated by clades. These results clarify our understanding of P. ananatis' phylogenetic diversity and provide clues to the interactions between P. ananatis, host insect, and plant that may lead to advances in rice protection and pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Bing
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Yu-Ying Wan
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Rui Ji
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, PR China
| | - Dian-Shu Zhao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Yue-Di Niu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Tong-Pu Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yue Hong
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China,*Correspondence: Xiao-Yue Hong,
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7
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Zhu Y, Yang R, Wang X, Wen T, Gong M, Shen Y, Xu J, Zhao D, Du Y. Gut microbiota composition in the sympatric and diet-sharing Drosophila simulans and Dicranocephalus wallichii bowringi shaped largely by community assembly processes rather than regional species pool. IMETA 2022; 1:e57. [PMID: 38867909 PMCID: PMC10989964 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Clarifying the mechanisms underlying microbial community assembly from regional microbial pools is a central issue of microbial ecology, but remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the gut bacterial and fungal microbiome assembly processes and potential sources in Drosophila simulans and Dicranocephalus wallichii bowringi, two wild, sympatric insect species that share a common diet of waxberry. While some convergence was observed, the diversity, composition, and network structure of the gut microbiota significantly differed between these two host species. Null model analyses revealed that stochastic processes (e.g., drift, dispersal limitation) play a principal role in determining gut microbiota from both hosts. However, the strength of each ecological process varied with the host species. Furthermore, the source-tracking analysis showed that only a minority of gut microbiota within D. simulans and D. wallichii bowringi are drawn from a regional microbial pool from waxberries, leaves, or soil. Results from function prediction implied that host species-specific gut microbiota might arise partly through host functional requirement and specific selection across host-microbiota coevolution. In conclusion, our findings uncover the importance of community assembly processes over regional microbial pools in shaping sympatric insect gut microbiome structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Xi Zhu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Run Yang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xin‐Yu Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Tao Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource‐saving fertilizersNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ming‐Hui Gong
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Binhu District of WuxiWuxiChina
| | - Yuan Shen
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Binhu District of WuxiWuxiChina
| | - Jue‐Ye Xu
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Binhu District of WuxiWuxiChina
| | - Dian‐Shu Zhao
- Entomology and Nematology DepartmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Yu‐Zhou Du
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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Mansour A, Mannaa M, Hewedy O, Ali MG, Jung H, Seo YS. Versatile Roles of Microbes and Small RNAs in Rice and Planthopper Interactions. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:432-448. [PMID: 36221916 PMCID: PMC9561162 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.rw.07.2022.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Planthopper infestation in rice causes direct and indirect damage through feeding and viral transmission. Host microbes and small RNAs (sRNAs) play essential roles in regulating biological processes, such as metabolism, development, immunity, and stress responses in eukaryotic organisms, including plants and insects. Recently, advanced metagenomic approaches have facilitated investigations on microbial diversity and its function in insects and plants, highlighting the significance of microbiota in sustaining host life and regulating their interactions with the environment. Recent research has also suggested significant roles for sRNA-regulated genes during rice-planthopper interactions. The response and behavior of the rice plant to planthopper feeding are determined by changes in the host transcriptome, which might be regulated by sRNAs. In addition, the roles of microbial symbionts and sRNAs in the host response to viral infection are complex and involve defense-related changes in the host transcriptomic profile. This review reviews the structure and potential functions of microbes and sRNAs in rice and the associated planthopper species. In addition, the involvement of the microbiota and sRNAs in the rice-planthopper-virus interactions during planthopper infestation and viral infection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Mansour
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613,
Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mannaa
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cairo University, Giza 12613,
Egypt
| | - Omar Hewedy
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1,
Canada
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514,
Egypt
| | - Mostafa G. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518,
Egypt
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241,
Korea
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9
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Li TP, Zhou CY, Gong JT, Xi Z, Hong XY. Recently introduced Wolbachia reduces bacterial species richness and reshapes bacterial community structure in Nilaparvata lugens. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1881-1894. [PMID: 35064627 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolbachia has been developed as an effective tool to suppress insect pests and arbovirus transmission. Recently, the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, a serious agricultural pest, has been successfully transinfected with Wolbachia wStri strain from Laodelphax striatellus. However, before conducting the field experiments, the impacts of wStri on the bacterial microbiota in N. lugens and how it differs from native Wolbachia wLug strain have not been clarified. RESULTS Here, we found that wStri reduced bacterial diversity and shaped bacterial community structure more than wLug in both developmental stage and different adult tissues. Overall, the relative abundance of Wolbachia was negatively correlated with bacterial diversity, but the bacterial diversity gradually decreased only when the relative abundance of Wolbachia was higher than 60%. Further analysis found that wStri reduced species richness of other bacteria but not their evenness. wStri infection also affected many bacterial functions (e.g., amino acid metabolism & signaling and cellular processes) in the developmental stages, with a stronger effect than wLug in nymphs. Moreover, although Wolbachia occupied a high relative abundance in infected individuals, Acinetobacter was consistently a core part of microbiome. CONCLUSION These results showed the significant impacts of recently introduced wStri on bacterial microbiota in N. lugens, with the effects differing from native wLug. This study will aid in understanding the relationship between Wolbachia, its host and the host's microbiota, and provide a reference for future field experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Pu Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Ying Zhou
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Tao Gong
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Xi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Xiao-Yue Hong
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Zhu YX, Huo QB, Wen T, Wang XY, Zhao MY, Du YZ. Mechanisms of fungal community assembly in wild stoneflies moderated by host characteristics and local environment. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:31. [PMID: 35477734 PMCID: PMC9046381 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deterministic and stochastic forces both drive microbiota assembly in animals, yet their relative contribution remains elusive, especially in wild aquatic-insect-associated fungal communities. Here, we applied amplicon sequencing to survey the assembly mechanisms of the fungal community in 155 wild stonefly individuals involving 44 species of 20 genera within eight families collected from multiple locations in China. Analysis showed that fungal diversity and network complexity differed significantly among the eight stonefly families, and that the fungal communities in stoneflies exhibited a significant distance-decay pattern across large spatial scales. Both a structural equation model and variance partitioning analysis revealed that environmental factors (e.g., geographical, climatic) outweigh host attributes in shaping the fungal community of stoneflies. Using neutral and null model analyses, we also find that deterministic processes play a larger role than stochasticity in driving the fungal community assembly. However, the relative contribution of ecological processes including dispersal, drift, and selection, varied strongly with host taxonomy. Furthermore, environmental conditions also significantly affect the strength of these ecological processes. Overall, our findings illustrate that variations in host attributes and environment factors may moderate the relative influence of deterministic and stochastic processes to fungal community composition in wild stoneflies, which provides new insights into mechanisms of microbial community assembly in aquatic arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Zhu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qing-Bo Huo
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Tao Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Li J, Li C, Wang M, Wang L, Liu X, Gao C, Ren L, Luo Y. Gut Structure and Microbial Communities in Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:641141. [PMID: 33897646 PMCID: PMC8060704 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.641141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, is a major invasive quarantine pest that attacks and kills pine trees outside of its native range. Insect gut structure and gut microbiota play crucial roles in various life activities. Despite a few reports in nutrition and survival, an extensive study on the S. noctilio larval gut microbiome is lacking. We studied the gut structure using a stereo microscope and used high throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions to investigate gut microbiota in different developmental stages of S. noctilio, including larvae, adults, and larval frass. We used PICRUSt2 to predict the functional profiles. The larval gut was thin and thread-like from the oral cavity to the anus, carrying few xylem particles in the crop. Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Burkholderia s.l were the dominant bacteria in the guts of larvae, adults, and frass, respectively. Even though Pseudomonas was the most abundant among all bacteria, Zoogloea, Ruminobacter, and Nitrosospira, which might be involved in degrading organic matter and fixing nitrogen occurred exclusively in the larval gut indicating their possible role in the growth and development of larvae in pine tree xylem. Fungal communities did not change significantly across different developmental stages or the frass. Amylostereum was dominant in the woodwasp’s larval gut. Functional prediction of bacterial and fungal communities revealed that they may encod enzymes involved in degrading lignocellulose and fixing nitrogen. Ours is the first study that compares gut microbial communities present in S. noctilio larvae, adults, and frass. This study could provide an understanding of larval nutrient acquisition in nutrient-deficient host xylem to some extent. Our study may unlock novel strategies for the development of pest management approaches based on interfering with the gut microbiota and restricting their role in larval survival and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Sino-France Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Youqing Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Sino-France Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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12
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Pan HB, Li MY, Wu W, Wang ZL, Yu XP. Host-Plant Induced Shifts in Microbial Community Structure in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:937-946. [PMID: 33459777 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome associated with insects play vital roles in host ecology and physiology. The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus, is a polyphagous insect pest that caused enormous damage to a wide range of cereal crops. Previous studies have assessed the effects of environmental factors, such as antibiotics, insecticide, and geographical habitat on the bacterial composition of SBPH. However, the influence of host plants on the microbial community in SBPH still unclear. Here, we characterized and compared the microbial community in three SBPH populations feeding on rice, barley, and wheat, respectively, using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Our observations revealed that the microbiome harbored by SBPH was abundant and diverse. Ten phyla comprising 141 genera of bacteria were annotated, and four fungal phyla consisting of 47 genera were assigned. The bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria were the most prevalent and the fungi with the highest abundance were from the order Hypocreales. Comparative analysis showed that host plants could significantly induce structural changes of SBPH microbiome. Significant differences in abundance were observed in two main bacterial orders (Rickettsiales and Rhodospirillales) and three fungal classes (Sordariomycetes, an unclassified class in Ascomycota and Eurotiomycetes) among three host-adapted SBPH populations. Our results could broaden our understanding of interactions among SBPH, its microbial associates and host plants, and also represented the basis of future SBPH biological management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yu Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Liang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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13
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Brentassi ME, Medina R, de la Fuente D, Franco ME, Toledo AV, Saparrat MC, Balatti PA. Endomycobiome associated with females of the planthopper Delphacodes kuscheli (Hemiptera: Delphacidae): A metabarcoding approach. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04634. [PMID: 32904272 PMCID: PMC7452442 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A metabarcoding approach was performed aimed at identifying fungi associated with Delphacodes kuscheli (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), the main vector of “Mal de Río Cuarto” disease in Argentina. A total of 91 fungal genera were found, and among them, 24 were previously identified for Delphacidae. The detection of fungi that are frequently associated with the phylloplane or are endophytes, as well as their presence in digestive tracts of other insects, suggest that feeding might be an important mechanism of their horizontal transfer in planthoppers. This study draws the baseline for future research regarding mutualistic associations present in D. kuscheli as well as their physiological role in the life cycle of this important pest that might lead to developing new management strategies to keep insects populations under control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E Brentassi
- División Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío Medina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela de la Fuente
- División Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Ee Franco
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea V Toledo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Cn Saparrat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro A Balatti
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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