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Ma J, Zeng M, Hsu CJ, Li D, Fok MN, Jiang Y, Li Q, Ma J, Zhou J, Chen BS, Li F. Efficacy and safety of methotrexate plus hydroxychloroquine combination therapy vs. methotrexate monotherapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15319. [PMID: 39223010 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with methotrexate (MTX) plus hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vs. MTX monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Sixty patients without prior RA treatments were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to two groups: one receiving MTX plus HCQ, and the other receiving MTX monotherapy. We conducted a comparative analysis before and after the 12-week trial, evaluating the visual analogue scale (VAS), the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS), serum inflammatory factor (including serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as the outcome of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) for all the participants in the study. RESULTS At the 12th week of the trial, a more remarkable decrease in pain score (VAS), disease activity score (DAS), and serum inflammatory factor levels could be noticed in individuals on the combination therapy. The quality of life score was as well found to be higher in the MTX + HCQ group than the MTX monotherapy group. The incidence of adverse reactions in the MTX + HCQ and the MTX monotherapy groups were 10.00% and 6.67%, respectively. However, no statistical significance could be observed (p > .05). CONCLUSION In our study, both the MTX + HCQ combination therapy and MTX monotherapy demonstrated improvements in symptoms, conditions and quality of life for patients with RA. Notably, the combination therapy could achieve better outcomes across all indices compared to MTX monotherapy, highlighting its potential as the optimal first-line treatment for RA. © 2024 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Miaoyu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi-Jen Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Mei Na Fok
- Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário, Macao, SAR China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
| | - Jiaze Zhou
- Department of Immunology & Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital Affiliated with Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang, Henan Province, China
| | | | - Fengju Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China
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Quan Soon KL, Shah S, Ibrahim R, Alzwahereh K. A Case Report on Iatrogenic Methotrexate Toxicity. Cureus 2024; 16:e64081. [PMID: 39114248 PMCID: PMC11305145 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This case study studies the adverse effects of methotrexate toxicity as well as the importance of early recognition of the symptoms and signs of methotrexate toxicity. This study involves a 54-year-old female who accidentally took methotrexate in high doses for a period of five consecutively days. The patient had been diagnosed with mixed connective tissue disease and was being treated with methotrexate once weekly. However, she took 7.5 mg (three tablets) three times a day for five days instead of 15 mg once weekly in two divided doses. The patient immediately went to the ER but was asymptomatic and discharged after a CBC showed values within the normal range. The patient was then seen by her primary care physician and advised to return to the ER. At this time, the patient had mucocutaneous lesions and was complaining of oral and throat pain, and a repeat CBC demonstrated pancytopenia. The patient was admitted to the hospital for further management and treatment of methotrexate toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sundeep Shah
- Internal Medicine, Premier Medical Associates, The Villages, USA
| | - Ramy Ibrahim
- Research, Premier Medical Associates, The Villages, USA
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Ayén-Rodríguez Á, Gil-Villalba A, Ruiz-Villaverde R, Navarro-Triviño FJ. [Translated article] Methotrexate Toxicity in Dermatological Patients. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:T741-T743. [PMID: 38815680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Á Ayén-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - A Gil-Villalba
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - R Ruiz-Villaverde
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - F J Navarro-Triviño
- Servicio de Dermatología, Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Unidad de Eczema de Contacto e Inmunoalergia, Granada, Spain.
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Ayén-Rodríguez Á, Gil-Villalba A, Ruiz-Villaverde R, Navarro-Triviño FJ. Methotrexate Toxicity in Dermatological Patients. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:741-743. [PMID: 38373610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Á Ayén-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España
| | - A Gil-Villalba
- Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España
| | - R Ruiz-Villaverde
- Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España
| | - F J Navarro-Triviño
- Servicio de Dermatología. Dermatología. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio. Unidad de Eczema de Contacto e Inmunoalergia , Granada, España.
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Bhargava M, Kopp CR, Naidu S, Dhibar DP, Saroch A, Khadwal A, Narang T, Jain S, Khullar A, Leishangthem B, Sharma A, Kumar S, Sharma S, Jain S, Dhir V. Comparison of two doses of leucovorin in severe low-dose methotrexate toxicity - a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:82. [PMID: 37208770 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucovorin (folinic acid) is a commonly used antidote for severe toxicity with low-dose methotrexate, but its optimum dose is unclear, varying from 15 to 25 mg every 6-h. METHODS Open-label RCT included patients with severe low-dose (≤ 50 mg/week) methotrexate toxicity defined as WBC ≤ 2 × 10^9/L or platelet ≤ 50 × 10^9/L and randomized them to receive either usual (15 mg) or high-dose (25 mg) intravenous leucovorin given every 6-h. Primary outcome was mortality at 30-days and secondary outcomes were hematological recovery and mucositis recovery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CTRI/2019/09/021152. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included, most with underlying RA who had inadvertently overdosed MTX (taken daily instead of weekly). At randomization, the median white blood and platelet count were 0.8 × 10^9/L and 23.5 × 10^9/L. 19 patients each were randomized to receive either usual or high-dose leucovorin. Number (%) of deaths over 30-days was 8 (42) and 9 (47) in usual and high-dose leucovorin groups (Odds ratio 1.2, 95% CI 0.3 to 4.5, p = 0.74). On Kaplan-Meier, there was no significant difference in survival between the groups (hazard ratio 1.1, 95% CI 0.4 to 2.9, p = 0.84). On multivariable cox-regression, serum albumin was the only predictor of survival (hazard ratio 0.3, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.9, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in hematological or mucositis recovery between the two groups. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in survival or time-to hematological recovery between the two doses of leucovorin. Severe low-dose methotrexate toxicity carried a significant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudit Bhargava
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Chirag Rajkumar Kopp
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Shankar Naidu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Deba Prasad Dhibar
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Atul Saroch
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Siddharth Jain
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aastha Khullar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Bidya Leishangthem
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Susheel Kumar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Shefali Sharma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Varun Dhir
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Gao J, Xiao N, Wang Q, Xu Z, Xiao F, Yang Z, Wei W, Wang C. OAT3 mediates methotrexate resistance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Shaaban HH, Hozayen WG, Khaliefa AK, El-Kenawy AE, Ali TM, Ahmed OM. Diosmin and Trolox Have Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potencies in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Male Wistar Rats: Roles of NF-κB, iNOS, Nrf2 and MMPs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091721. [PMID: 36139795 PMCID: PMC9495550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune disease caused by a malfunction of the immune system. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-arthritic effects and suggest the mechanisms of actions of diosmin and trolox in male Wistar rats. Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) was used to establish RA in the animals by subcutaneous injection of 100 µL CFA/rat into plantar region of right hind leg in two consecutive days. Diosmin and/or trolox were administered orally at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day to CFA-induced arthritic rats for 2 weeks. The normal and arthritic control groups were orally given the same equivalent volume of a vehicle (1% carboxymethyl cellulose) in which treatment agents were dissolved. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein for the detection of the total leukocyte count (TLC) and differential leukocyte count (DLC) in blood and the detection of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-13 (IL-13), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as markers of oxidative stress and the antioxidant defense system in serum. The right hind ankle regions of three rats from each group were dissected out and fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin for histological examination and the other three were kept at −30 °C for Western blot analysis of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein 50 (NF-κB p50), NF-κB p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, and MMP-9. The CFA injection was deleterious to the ankle joint’s histological architecture, manifesting as infiltration of inflammatory cells into the articular cartilage, hyperplasia of the synovium, and erosion of the cartilage. All these effects were ameliorated by diosmin and/or trolox, with the combined dose being the most effective. The two compounds significantly lowered the elevated serum levels of RF, ACPA, TNF-α, and IL-17, as well as other pro-inflammatory mediators, such as NF-κB p50, NF-κB p65, iNOS, MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9. They also increased the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-13, and the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2. The compounds stimulated higher activities of antioxidants, such as glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, and reduced lipid peroxidation in the serum of arthritic rats. In conclusion, diosmin, trolox, and their combination, which was the most potent, exerted anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by suppressing NF-κB signaling, inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases, and activating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda H. Shaaban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Walaa G. Hozayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Amal K. Khaliefa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Ayman E. El-Kenawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek M. Ali
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
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8
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Ghannoum M, Roberts DM, Goldfarb DS, Heldrup J, Anseeuw K, Galvao TF, Nolin TD, Hoffman RS, Lavergne V, Meyers P, Gosselin S, Botnaru T, Mardini K, Wood DM. Extracorporeal Treatment for Methotrexate Poisoning: Systematic Review and Recommendations from the EXTRIP Workgroup. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:602-622. [PMID: 35236714 PMCID: PMC8993465 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.08030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate is used in the treatment of many malignancies, rheumatological diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. Toxicity from use is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Rescue treatments include intravenous hydration, folinic acid, and, in some centers, glucarpidase. We conducted systematic reviews of the literature following published EXtracorporeal TReatments In Poisoning (EXTRIP) methods to determine the utility of extracorporeal treatments in the management of methotrexate toxicity. The quality of the evidence and the strength of recommendations (either "strong" or "weak/conditional") were graded according to the GRADE approach. A formal voting process using a modified Delphi method assessed the level of agreement between panelists on the final recommendations. A total of 92 articles met inclusion criteria. Toxicokinetic data were available on 90 patients (89 with impaired kidney function). Methotrexate was considered to be moderately dialyzable by intermittent hemodialysis. Data were available for clinical analysis on 109 patients (high-dose methotrexate [>0.5 g/m2]: 91 patients; low-dose [≤0.5 g/m2]: 18). Overall mortality in these publications was 19.5% and 26.7% in those with high-dose and low-dose methotrexate-related toxicity, respectively. Although one observational study reported lower mortality in patients treated with glucarpidase compared with those treated with hemodialysis, there were important limitations in the study. For patients with severe methotrexate toxicity receiving standard care, the EXTRIP workgroup: (1) suggested against extracorporeal treatments when glucarpidase is not administered; (2) recommended against extracorporeal treatments when glucarpidase is administered; and (3) recommended against extracorporeal treatments instead of administering glucarpidase. The quality of evidence for these recommendations was very low. Rationales for these recommendations included: (1) extracorporeal treatments mainly remove drugs in the intravascular compartment, whereas methotrexate rapidly distributes into cells; (2) extracorporeal treatments remove folinic acid; (3) in rare cases where fast removal of methotrexate is required, glucarpidase will outperform any extracorporeal treatment; and (4) extracorporeal treatments do not appear to reduce the incidence and magnitude of methotrexate toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ghannoum
- Research Center, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Darren M. Roberts
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Drug Health Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David S. Goldfarb
- Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jesper Heldrup
- Childhood Cancer and Research Unit, University Children’s Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kurt Anseeuw
- Department of Emergency Medicine, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tais F. Galvao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas D. Nolin
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, and Department of Medicine Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert S. Hoffman
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Valery Lavergne
- Research Center, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sophie Gosselin
- Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CISSS) de la Montérégie-Centre Emergency Department, Hôpital Charles-Lemoyne, Greenfield Park, Quebec, McGill University Emergency Department, Montreal, Quebec and Centre Antipoison du Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tudor Botnaru
- Emergency Department, Lakeshore General Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Ouest-de-l'lle-de-Montreal, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karine Mardini
- Pharmacy Department, Verdun Hospital, CIUSSS du Sud-Ouest-de-l’ïle-de-Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M. Wood
- Clinical Toxicology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
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Elsner P. Methotrexat-Intoxikation nach Therapie einer Psoriasis inversa bei chronischer Niereninsuffizienz. AKTUELLE DERMATOLOGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1372-0824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungBei einer pflegebedürftigen Patientin mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz und Psoriasis vulgaris wurde durch ihre Hautärztin eine Therapie mit Methotrexat verordnet. Die Laborkontrollen sollten über die Hausärztin erfolgen; diese wurden jedoch erst für einen Monat später vereinbart. In der Zwischenzeit hatte der Pflegedienst bereits die erste Methotrexat-Injektion durchgeführt, wonach es zu einer Verschlechterung des Hautzustandes und Schleimhautbeschwerden bei der Patientin kam. Die Hautärztin wies die Patientin daraufhin in eine dermatologische Klinik ein; vorher wurde vom Pflegedienst jedoch eine zweite Methotrexat-Dosis verabreicht. In der Hautklinik wurde aufgrund des Befundes einer erosiven Stomatitis und Vulvitis, einer ausgeprägten Leukopenie und Thrombozytopenie und des Verdachtes auf akutes Nierenversagen eine Methotrexat-Intoxikation diagnostiziert. Die Patientin verstarb wenige Tage später an einem Multiorganversagen.Methotrexat ist zur Induktionstherapie bei mittelschwerer bis schwerer Psoriasis vulgaris zugelassen. Zu den Gegenanzeigen einer Methotrexat-Therapie zählt nach Leitlinie und Fachinformation eine Niereninsuffizienz; ferner sind Laborkontrollen individualisiert vor der Behandlung, nach einer Woche und nach 6 Wochen und danach alle 6–12 Wochen durchzuführen. Unter arzthaftungsrechtlichen Aspekten dürfte der Einsatz von Methotrexat zur Behandlung einer Psoriasis inversa bei einer betagten Patientin mit Niereninsuffizienz als grober Behandlungsfehler zu bewerten sein; die Nichtdurchführung empfohlener Laborkontrollen ist als Befunderhebungsfehler zu werten. Die Fehleranalyse zeigt allerdings, dass der tragische Verlauf der Methotrexatintoxikation bei besserer Kommunikation zwischen den beteiligten Ärzten und Pflegenden möglicherweise hätte verhindert werden können.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Elsner
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Jena
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10
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Magdy E, Ali S. Stratification of methotrexate-induced oral ulcers in rheumatoid arthritis patients. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 41:367-371. [PMID: 33559176 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM There is a deficiency in the data concerning the clinical forms of methotrexate-induced oral ulcers. This study was conducted to stratify clinical forms of methotrexate-induced oral ulcers in rheumatoid arthritis patients. METHODS This study included rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving methotrexate as monotherapy. All eligible patients were subjected to thorough clinical examination and full history to identify oral events. Drug history, dose, and duration of MTX were recorded. RESULTS Among 794 rheumatoid arthritis patients, mean methotrexate dose and duration were 14.3 mg/week and 5.2 years, respectively. Oral ulcers were detected in 6.2% of the patients and 30% of the patients reported previous oral ulcers. Among the detected oral ulcers, 44.9% manifested as deep irregular ulcers, 30.6% presented as aphthous-like ulcers, 14.3% were diffuse mucositis, and 10.2% appeared as lichenoid reaction. CONCLUSION Methotrexate-induced oral ulceration could be localized or generalized. Localized forms were more noticed than generalized forms. Higher doses and longer durations of methotrexate were detected among patients with generalized oral ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Magdy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ali
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Schicchi A, Scaravaggi G, Petrolini VM, Malovini A, Lonati D, Crevani M, Buscaglia E, Locatelli CA. Poisoning related to therapeutic error in prolonged low-dose methotrexate treatment. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:2385-2391. [PMID: 33179288 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To study the predictive factors for the development of clinical manifestations in poisoning due to the erroneous taking of low-dose methotrexate (MTX). METHODS A retrospective observational study was performed. Only cases of erroneous administration in non-oncologic outpatients were included (July 2008-March 2020). RESULTS Forty-one cases were included. All patients were taking MTX for the first time. In 36 cases, patients took MTX daily instead of weekly. In the other five patients, MTX was sold instead of methylergometrine. Clinical manifestations were absent in 12/41 patients (29.3%). All 29 (70.7%) symptomatic patients recognized the medication error when they developed clinical manifestations: dermatological, haematological and gastrointestinal symptoms. Statistical results showed that symptomatic patients were older, received a higher amount of total dose and were treated for longer. Moreover, the probability of being symptomatic increases as a function of age and of total dose. Asymptomatic patients were treated with folinic acid (30 mg/m2 /day) for 5 days. Symptomatic patients were treated with folinic acid together with treatments for the specific clinical manifestations. No patients were treated with glucarpidase. All patients fully recovered. CONCLUSIONS When MTX is prescribed for the first time, it is important to clearly communicate with patients to avoid therapeutic errors. In our experience, age, total dose taken and number of days of assumption are predictive for the presence/absence of clinical manifestations. These parameters must be evaluated together to identify patients needing maximum starting treatment with folinic acid and closer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Schicchi
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Scaravaggi
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria M Petrolini
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Malovini
- Laboratory of Informatics and Systems Engineering for Clinical Research, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Lonati
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Crevani
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Buscaglia
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo A Locatelli
- Pavia Poison Control Centre - National Toxicology Information Centre - Clinical and Experimental Lab, Toxicology Unit - Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Wang G, Peng X. A Review of Clinical Applications and Side Effects of Methotrexate in Ophthalmology. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:1537689. [PMID: 32850138 PMCID: PMC7439192 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1537689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate analog widely used against a range of diseases including malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Its high effectiveness-price ratio also won extensive application in ophthalmology. On the other hand, although MTX has an excellent pharmacological efficacy, MTX associated side effects in clinical use, which vary from patient to patient, are nonnegligible. There is no comparatively systematic review on MTX associated side effects and its risk factors. This review aimed to reveal novel clinical approaches of MTX and its adverse effects in order to provide a reference for ophthalmic scholars in clinical application of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Peng
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China
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A Six-Year Analysis of Biological Therapy for Severe Psoriasis in a Lithuanian Reference Centre of Dermatovenereology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56060275. [PMID: 32512854 PMCID: PMC7353857 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Biological therapy is widely used for the treatment of severe psoriasis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biological therapy for patients with severe psoriasis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 79 patients with severe psoriasis, who have been treated with biological therapy between 2012 and 2018, was conducted. During this study, the following data were collected and evaluated: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), duration of illness, the results of treatment with biological therapy, concomitant therapy, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and adverse events. Results: In total, 74.7% (n = 59) of subjects were male. Their overall average age was 47.4 ± 11.4 (range: 18–73) years. Their baseline BMI was 27.6 ± 5.9, which increased to 29.6 ± 4.5 after 6 years of treatment. The mean duration of psoriasis was 25.7 ± 12.5 years. In total, 39.2% (n = 31) of subjects received infliximab, 36.7% (n = 29)—etanercept, 24.1% (n = 19)—ustekinumab. The treatment duration for infliximab, etanercept and ustekinumab was 201.6 ± 86.8, 156.2 ± 137.4 and 219.1 ± 95.7 weeks (p < 0.01), respectively. Overall, 65.8% (n = 52) of subjects were also on methotrexate; 30.8% (n = 16) of them discontinued it due to clinical improvement (31.3% (n = 5)), impaired liver function (31.3% (n = 5)), and intolerance (25% (n = 4)). Baseline PASI was 20.8 ± 8.8. PASI 50 was achieved by 96.2% (n = 76) of patients at week 11, PASI 75 by 86.1% (n = 68) at week 16, PASI 90 by 54.4% (n = 43) at week 35, and PASI 100 by 13.9% (n = 11) at week 33. The overall incidence rate of adverse events was 0.362 per patient year of follow-up. Conclusion: Biological therapy is an effective and safe treatment for patients with severe psoriasis.
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