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Rubino G, Yörük E. Immunosenescence, immunotolerance and rejection: clinical aspects in solid organ transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2024; 86:102068. [PMID: 38844001 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
As a consequence of increased lifespan and rising number of elderly individuals developing end-stage organ disease, the higher demand for organs along with a growing availability for organs from older donors pose new challenges for transplantation. During aging, dynamic adaptations in the functionality and structure of the biological systems occur. Consistently, immunosenescence (IS) accounts for polydysfunctions within the lymphocyte subsets, and the onset of a basal but persistent systemic inflammation characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. There is an emerging consensus about a causative link between such hallmarks and increased susceptibility to morbidities and mortality, however the role of IS in solid organ transplantation (SOT) remains loosely addressed. Dissecting the immune-architecture of immunologically-privileged sites may prompt novel insights to extend allograft survival. A deeper comprehension of IS in SOT might unveil key standpoints for the clinical management of transplanted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Rubino
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Tropical Medicine, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm and Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Efdal Yörük
- Berit Klinik, Gastrointestinal Center, Florastrasse 1, 9403 Goldach, Switzerland; University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Ophthalmology, Elfriede-Alhorn-Straße 7, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Dai Q, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Yang X, Sun H, Wu S, Chen S, Wang J, Cao Z, Ma X. Trajectories of peripheral white blood cells count around the menopause: a prospective cohort study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:504. [PMID: 39261797 PMCID: PMC11389272 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause significantly impacts the immune system. Postmenopausal women are more susceptible to infection. Nonetheless, the pattern of change in peripheral white blood cell counts around the menopause remains poorly understood. METHODS We conducted a prospective longitudinal cohort study with repeated measurements using Kailuan cohort study of 3632 Chinese women who participated in the first checkup (2006-2007) and reached their final menstrual period (FMP) by the end of the seventh checkup (2018-2020). Peripheral WBC count indicators included total white blood cells (TWBC), neutrophils (NEUT), lymphocytes (LYM), and monocytes (MON). Multivariable mixed effects regressions fitted piece-wise linear models to repeated measures of WBC count indicators as a function of time before or after the final menstrual period (FMP). Interaction and subgroup analysis were used to explore the effects of age and body mass index (BMI) on changes in WBC indicators around FMP. RESULTS WBC count indicators decreased before the FMP, and the reduction in TWBC, NEUT, and MON continued for 2 years following the FMP. LYM and NEUT declined during < -1 years and - 4 ∼ + 2 years relative to FMP, respectively. A reduction in MON was observed pre-FMP, extending continuously through the two-year period post-FMP. TWBC declined from - 3 to + 2 years relative to FMP, but both MON and TWBC increased during > + 2 years. The baseline age had an interaction effect on changes in WBC indicators during specific menopausal stages, except for TWBC. Individuals in different age subgroups showed distinct trajectories for NEUT, LYM and MON around the FMP. High baseline BMI had a synergistic effect on changes in specific menopause segments for TWBC, LYM, and MON. The impact of menopause on TWBC and LYM was postponed or counterbalanced in high BMI individuals. Individuals in three BMI subgroups experienced similar MON changes around FMP, and there were slight variations during < -4 years. CONCLUSIONS Menopause was associated with count changes of peripheral WBC. The trajectories of various WBC types differ around menopause. Age and BMI affected WBC trajectory around menopause. The menopause period may represent a window of opportunity to promote immune health in middle-aged women.
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Grants
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2005DKA21300 National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform, China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- 2016YFC1000307 National Key Research and Development Program of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Dai
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yaya Zhang
- Graduate School of North, China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- Graduate School of North, China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xueying Yang
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Graduate School of North, China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Health Department of Kailuan (group), Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zongfu Cao
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Ma
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.
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Almuntashiri S, Dutta S, Zhu Y, Gamare S, Ramírez G, Irineo‐Moreno V, Camarena A, Regino N, Campero P, Hernández‐Cardenas CM, Rodriguez‐ Reyna TS, Zuñiga J, Owen CA, Wang X, Zhang D. Estrogen-dependent gene regulation: Molecular basis of TIMP-1 as a sex-specific biomarker for acute lung injury. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e70047. [PMID: 39267201 PMCID: PMC11392656 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased circulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) levels have been observed in patients with acute lung injury (ALI). However, the sex-specific regulation of TIMP-1 and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. In this study, we found that plasma TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 and H1N1 patients compared with those in healthy subjects (n = 25). TIMP-1 concentrations were significantly different between males and females in each disease group. Among female but not male patients, TIMP-1 levels significantly correlated with the PaO2/FiO2 ratio and hospital length of stay. Using the mouse model of ALI induced by the H1N1 virus, we found that TIMP-1 is strikingly induced in PDGFRα-positive cells in the murine lungs. Moreover, female mice showed a higher Timp-1 expression in the lungs on day 3 postinfection. Mechanistically, we observed that estrogen can upregulate TIMP-1 expression in lung fibroblasts, not epithelial cells. In addition, overexpression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) increased the TIMP-1 promoter activity. In summary, TIMP-1 is an estrogen-responsive gene, and its promoter activity is regulated by ERα. Circulating TIMP-1 may serve as a sex-specific marker, reflecting the severity and worst outcomes in female patients with SARS-CoV2- and IAV-related ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Almuntashiri
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of PharmacyUniversity of HailHailSaudi Arabia
| | - Saugata Dutta
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Yin Zhu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Siddhika Gamare
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Gustavo Ramírez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
| | - Valeria Irineo‐Moreno
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health SciencesMexico CityMexico
| | - Angel Camarena
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
| | - Nora Regino
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health SciencesMexico CityMexico
| | - Paloma Campero
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
| | | | - Tatiana S. Rodriguez‐ Reyna
- Department of Immunology and RheumatologyInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico CityMexico
| | - Joaquin Zuñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics and Intensive Care UnitInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health SciencesMexico CityMexico
| | - Caroline A. Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
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Ndlovu L, Mudonhi N, Sibanda N, Nunu WN, Manyeruke N. Effects of COVID-19 Among People With Disabilities in Plumtree, Zimbabwe: A Mixed-Method Survey. Health Serv Insights 2024; 17:11786329241274484. [PMID: 39193549 PMCID: PMC11348347 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241274484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Persons with disabilities are the most affected by rising pandemics worldwide. COVID-19 has affected people with disabilities in many areas of their lives; however, its impact has been overlooked. This study aimed to assess the effects of COVID-19 on people with disabilities in Plumtree, Zimbabwe, to develop a disability-inclusive approach in response to COVID-19. Methods A concurrent mixed-methods approach was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data from 7 key informants and ninety-two participants with disabilities, from January to May 2023. Quantitative data were analysed using STATA software version 12 and Microsoft Excel. Multiple Logistic Regression, Chi-square test, and paired-sample test were used to test for associations among COVID-19 cases, source of income, key challenges, and demographic characteristics. Qualitative data were analysed and presented in the form of themes. Results We recruited more females (56.5%) than males with disabilities, and more than half were unemployed (56.5%). In contrast, only 3.3% of the respondents were formally employed. The results also indicated a significant relationship between age and COVID-19 positivity (P = .025). The results also indicated that efforts were being made by government and non-governmental departments to assist people with disabilities during the pandemic through finance, food, awareness campaigns, and social support. Conclusion Restriction measures put in place disturbed the livelihood of people with disabilities in Plumtree. Therefore, entrepreneurship programmes targeting vulnerable groups, including people with disabilities, should be introduced to ensure that their sources of income are sustained despite emergencies or pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Ndlovu
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Nicholas Mudonhi
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Nomathemba Sibanda
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Wilfred Njabulo Nunu
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Norman Manyeruke
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
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5
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Rao HH, McClelland EE. A New Overview of Sex Bias in Fungal Infections. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:607. [PMID: 39330367 DOI: 10.3390/jof10090607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections often disproportionately affect males over females. Since the NIH mandated in 2016 that researchers test their hypotheses in both biological sexes, numerous other fungal infections/colonizations have been found to exhibit sex-specific patterns. These patterns have been observed in various species, including mice, drosophila, cats, and bats, suggesting significant implications for understanding these diseases and developing treatments. Despite the recognition of this sex bias, primary research explaining its underlying causes or mechanisms remains limited. Current evidence suggests that potential causes might be linked to sex hormones, genetic expression, and evolutionary behaviors. This review consolidates recent data on sex bias in fungal infections or colonizations among different species and proposes future research directions to address existing gaps. Thus, this review advances the comprehension of the intricate relationships between biological sex, fungal infections, and broader health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari H Rao
- Biomedical Sciences Division, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Erin E McClelland
- Biomedical Sciences Division, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
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Baraldo S, Bonato M, Cassia S, Casolari P, De Ferrari L, Tiné M, Baraldi F, Bigoni T, Riccio AM, Braido F, Saetta M, Papi A, Contoli M. Expression of human Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF-3) in alveolar macrophages relates to clinical and functional traits in COPD. Respir Res 2024; 25:315. [PMID: 39160551 PMCID: PMC11334339 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality. Dysregulated and enhanced immune-inflammatory responses have been described in COPD. Recent data showed impaired immune responses and, in particular, of interferon (IFNs) signaling pathway in these patients. AIM To evaluate in peripheral lung of COPD patients, the expression of some of the less investigated key components of the innate immune responses leading to IFN productions including: IFN-receptors (IFNAR1/IFNAR2), IRF-3 and MDA-5. Correlations with clinical traits and with the inflammatory cell profile have been assessed. METHODS Lung specimens were collected from 58 subjects undergoing thoracic surgery: 22 COPD patients, 21 smokers with normal lung function (SC) and 15 non-smoker controls (nSC). The expression of IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IRF-3 and MDA-5, of eosinophils and activated NK cells (NKp46+) were quantified in the peripheral lung by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS A significant increase of IRF-3 + alveolar macrophages were observed in COPD and SC compared with nSC subjects. However, in COPD patients, the lower the levels of IRF-3 + alveolar macrophages the lower the FEV1 and the higher the exacerbation rate. The presence of chronic bronchitis (CB) was also associated with low levels of IRF-3 + alveolar macrophages. NKp46 + cells, but not eosinophils, were increased in COPD patients compared to nSC patients (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Smoking is associated with higher levels of innate immune response as showed by higher levels of IRF-3 + alveolar macrophages and NKp46 + cells. In COPD, exacerbation rates, severe airflow obstruction and CB were associated with lower levels of IRF-3 expression, suggesting that innate immune responses characterize specific clinical traits of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pulmonology Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Azienda Unità Locale Socio-Sanitaria 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cassia
- Respiratory Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura De Ferrari
- Respiratory Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariaenrica Tiné
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Baraldi
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bigoni
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Riccio
- Respiratory Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Braido
- Respiratory Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ferrara and AUSL, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ferrara and AUSL, Ferrara, Italy.
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Tallman PS, Miller AA, Brandley SR, Lee CC, Cepon-Robins TJ, Gildner TE, Collins SM. Helicobacter pylori exposure among the Awajún of the Peruvian Amazon: Prevalence and environmental, social, and biological associations. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024; 184:e24941. [PMID: 38615180 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-a gastric bacteria affecting almost 50% of the global population and leading to ulcers and cancer in severe cases-is a growing health concern among Indigenous populations who report a high burden of reported poor general health and gastrointestinal distress. We test hypothesized associations between H. pylori exposure patterns and environmental, social, and biological conditions among a sample of 212 Indigenous Awajún adults (112 males, 100 females, ages 18-65 years) living in the northern Peruvian Amazon. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dried blood spots were analyzed for H. pylori-specific IgG using a recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Resulting seropositivity rates and antibody concentrations, proxying past exposures to H. pylori were analyzed in relation to relevant environmental (toilet type, floor material, reported water quality), social (household size and education level), and biological (age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, immune and metabolic biomarkers) factors using multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS We found near ubiquitous seropositivity for H. pylori exposure in our sample (99.1% seropositive). In the regression analyses, elevations in H. pylori antibody concentrations were significantly higher among males compared to females (β = 0.36, p = 0.01). No associations were found with any other factors. DISCUSSION Anthropological research in the study communities suggests that the male bias in elevations of H. pylori antibody concentrations is related to cultural and biological factors. Future research is needed to further unravel these biocultural dynamics and determine whether elevations in H. pylori antibody concentrations have clinical relevance for gastrointestinal health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Tallman
- Department of Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aaron A Miller
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophea R Brandley
- Department of Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cassie C Lee
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Tara J Cepon-Robins
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shalean M Collins
- Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Meneghetti da Rosa J, Lidani KCF, Andrade FA, Sena L, Nisihara R, Ambrosio AR, Messias-Reason IJ. Mannose Binding Lectin and C3 Serum Levels in Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:752-765. [PMID: 38634569 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2337023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of tissue injury in coronary artery disease (CAD) has been associated with activation of the complement system, partly due to the action of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and C3, which are expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of MBL and C3 in patients with CAD and to compare them with healthy controls. Additionally, we aim to assess the correlation between MBL and C3 levels and cardiometabolic parameters. METHODS MBL and C3 serum concentration were determined by ELISA and immunoturbidimetry, respectively, in up to 119 patients undergoing coronary angiography for CAD evaluation, comprising 48 individuals diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and 71 without MI. A total of 93 paired healthy controls were included in the study. RESULTS Individuals with CAD had MBL serum concentration higher than controls (p = .002), regardless of the presence of MI (p = .006). In addition, high concentration of MBL (>2000 ng/mL) was more frequent in patients with CAD (p = .007; OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.3-5.1). C3 levels were not significantly associated with any of the patient groups but were positively correlated with cardiometabolic parameters such as body mass index (BMI) and triglycerides levels. CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of MBL were found to be associated with CAD, whereas C3 levels were found to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Meneghetti da Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Kárita Cláudia Freitas Lidani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Léia Sena
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renato Nisihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Altair Rogerio Ambrosio
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Iara J Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
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Han J, Rindone AN, Elisseeff JH. Immunoengineering Biomaterials for Musculoskeletal Tissue Repair across Lifespan. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311646. [PMID: 38416061 PMCID: PMC11239302 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases and injuries are among the leading causes of pain and morbidity worldwide. Broad efforts have focused on developing pro-regenerative biomaterials to treat musculoskeletal conditions; however, these approaches have yet to make a significant clinical impact. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immune system is central in orchestrating tissue repair and that targeting pro-regenerative immune responses can improve biomaterial therapeutic outcomes. However, aging is a critical factor negatively affecting musculoskeletal tissue repair and immune function. Hence, understanding how age affects the response to biomaterials is essential for improving musculoskeletal biomaterial therapies. This review focuses on the intersection of the immune system and aging in response to biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue repair. The article introduces the general impacts of aging on tissue physiology, the immune system, and the response to biomaterials. Then, it explains how the adaptive immune system guides the response to injury and biomaterial implants in cartilage, muscle, and bone and discusses how aging impacts these processes in each tissue type. The review concludes by highlighting future directions for the development and translation of personalized immunomodulatory biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Han
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Alexandra N. Rindone
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Nomura S, Shimojima Y, Kishida D, Ichikawa T, Matsushima A, Sekijima Y. Low serum complements in idiopathic inflammatory myositis: clinical features and impact on the prognosis. Immunol Med 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38932558 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2024.2370083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the clinical features and prognostic relevance of decreased serum complement levels in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). The clinical information of IIM patients with less than normal serum complement levels (L-Com) and that of those with normal serum complement levels (N-Com) was compared. In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), regression analyses were used to investigate the implication of L-Com in their PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio. Prognostic outcomes of ILD were evaluated using the log-rank test. Of 94 IIM patients, 26 with L-Com (median age, 56.0 years) and 68 with N-Com (56.5 years) were included. The prevalence of women was significantly higher in patients with L-Com (92.3%) than in those with N-Com (67.6%). ILD was observed in 17 (65.4%) patients with L-Com and in 46 (67.6%) with N-Com. Among patients with ILD, the P/F ratio was significantly lower in those with L-Com than in those with N-Com. Serum C3 levels were correlated with decreased P/F ratio. Inferior prognosis of ILD was significantly demonstrated in patients with L-Com, especially in those positive for anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 antibody. L-Com may be implicated in reduced arterial oxygen levels and a poorer prognosis in patients with IIM-related ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Nomura
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimojima
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Dai Kishida
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Ichikawa
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Akira Matsushima
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sekijima
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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11
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Ehrlich KB, Lyle SM, Corallo KL, Lavner JA, Ross TM. Changes in depressive symptoms and antibody production following influenza vaccination in adolescents and adults. Vaccine 2024; 42:3585-3591. [PMID: 38702230 PMCID: PMC11128339 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychological distress has been associated with dampened antibody production following vaccination. Questions remain, however, about whether psychological distress influences vaccine response uniformly across the lifespan, and whether changes in distress result in changes in antibody production across the same period. METHODS Participants (N = 148; Mage = 32.2 years, SD = 19.7, range = 12-80 years) took part in consecutive vaccine studies during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 influenza seasons. Each influenza season, they reported on their depressive symptoms, provided blood samples, and received the standard influenza vaccine. Participants then provided a second blood sample one month later. Antibody titers were examined pre- and post-vaccination. RESULTS Analyses examined both within-season and across-season effects of depressive symptoms, age, and their interaction on vaccine response. Within-season analyses revealed that age predicted antibody response during both seasons (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). Neither depressive symptoms nor the interaction with age were associated with antibody response to vaccination within either season. Across the two seasons, age significantly moderated the association between change in depressive symptoms and change in antibody production. For people who were 48 or older, increases in depressive symptoms across the two seasons were associated with a less robust response to the vaccine in the second season relative to the first season. For people younger than 48, changes in depressive symptoms were not significantly related to changes in antibody production. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the important role of mental health for older adults' vaccine response, which could have clinical relevance for protection against disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine B Ehrlich
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Sarah M Lyle
- Psychology Discipline, Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Kelsey L Corallo
- Georgia Health Policy Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta GA, USA
| | - Justin A Lavner
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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12
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Kuo TY, Chang JCJ, Chien YC, Jan CF. The seroepidemiology of isolated core antibody against hepatitis B among Taiwanese adults - A large hospital-based study. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:693-700. [PMID: 37978028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the prevalence of isolated core antibodies against hepatitis B (IAHBc) in different birth cohorts using a large medical record database. METHODS Hepatitis B viral serological test data were collected from a chart cloud database at a medical center in Taiwan between January 2006 and December 2018. The data collected included birth year, sex, hepatitis B viral markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs or anti-HBc), and hepatitis B vaccination records. Enrolled patients were grouped according to their birth year into three categories: ≤ 1986, 1987-1992, and ≥ 1993, which correspond to no neonatal hepatitis B immunization, plasma-derived HB vaccine (PDHBV), and recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (RHBV), respectively. Prevalence of hepatitis B viral seromarkers, including IAHBc, was calculated by sex, age groups, and birth cohorts. Those who underwent repeated hepatitis B serology tests were included for further analysis to follow up their serostatus. RESULTS A total of 117,335 adults with complete hepatitis B serologic data were analyzed. Among them, 6641 individuals (5.7 %) were found to have IAHBc. The prevalence of IAHBc was 11.4 %, 0.8 %, and 0.3 % among those born before 1986, between 1987 and 1992, and after 1992, respectively. Among the 690 subjects with repeated blood tests and complete hepatitis B serologic data, 551 cases (79.9 %) remained IAHBc. The other cases included resolved infection status (13.9 %), seronegativity for three HB seromarkers (3 %), and carrier of hepatitis B virus (2.3 %). CONCLUSION The management of individuals with IAHBc should be tailored to their age, vaccination status, and risk factors for occult hepatitis B viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ya Kuo
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jerry Che-Jui Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chu Chien
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Feng Jan
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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van Woudenbergh E, van Rooijen DM, Veldman-Wolf JJ, Nicolaie MA, Huynen MA, van der Klis FRM, de Jonge MI, den Hartog G. Effect of age and season on respiratory mucosal immune marker profiles. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1681-1691.e12. [PMID: 38142822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The upper respiratory tract is continuously exposed to microorganisms and noxious elements, leading to local immune responses and the secretion of immune markers. While several studies describe immune marker profiles in respiratory mucosal samples in defined patient cohorts, mucosal immune profiles from the general population during the different seasons are lacking. Such baseline profiles are essential to understand the effect of various exposures to the mucosal immune system throughout life. OBJECTIVE We sought to establish baseline local upper respiratory mucosal immune profiles in the general population and assess these profiles with regard to age, sex, seasonality, and basic health and lifestyle factors. METHODS We measured the concentrations of 35 immune markers involved in a broad range of immunological processes at the mucosa in nasopharyngeal swab samples from 951 individuals, aged 0 to 86 years, from a nationwide study. RESULTS Clustering analysis showed that immune marker profiles clearly reflected immunological functions, such as tissue regeneration and antiviral responses. Immune marker concentrations changed strongly with seasonality and age, with the most profound changes occurring in the first 25 years of life; they were also associated with sex, body mass index, smoking, mild symptoms of airway infection, and chronic asthma and hay fever. CONCLUSION Immunological analyses of noninvasive mucosal samples provide insight into mucosal immune responses to microbial and noxious element exposure in the general population. These data provide a baseline for future studies on respiratory mucosal immune responses and for the development of mucosal immune-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther van Woudenbergh
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Debbie M van Rooijen
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Janine J Veldman-Wolf
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mioara A Nicolaie
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona R M van der Klis
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerco den Hartog
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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14
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Li J, Hsu KS, Howe SE, Hoang T, Xia Z, Berzofsky JA, Sui Y. Sex-biased immunogenicity of a mucosal subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386243. [PMID: 38835757 PMCID: PMC11148259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current vaccines against COVID-19 administered via parenteral route have limited ability to induce mucosal immunity. There is a need for an effective mucosal vaccine to combat SARS-CoV-2 virus replication in the respiratory mucosa. Moreover, sex differences are known to affect systemic antibody responses against vaccines. However, their role in mucosal cellular responses against a vaccine remains unclear and is underappreciated. Methods We evaluated the mucosal immunogenicity of a booster vaccine regimen that is recombinant protein-based and administered intranasally in mice to explore sex differences in mucosal humoral and cellular responses. Results Our results showed that vaccinated mice elicited strong systemic antibody (Ab), nasal, and bronchiole alveolar lavage (BAL) IgA responses, and local T cell immune responses in the lung in a sex-biased manner irrespective of mouse genetic background. Monocytes, alveolar macrophages, and CD103+ resident dendritic cells (DCs) in the lungs are correlated with robust mucosal Ab and T cell responses induced by the mucosal vaccine. Discussion Our findings provide novel insights into optimizing next-generation booster vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 by inducing spike-specific lung T cell responses, as well as optimizing mucosal immunity for other respiratory infections, and a rationale for considering sex differences in future vaccine research and vaccination practice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Mice
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/virology
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Male
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/virology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Administration, Intranasal
- Sex Factors
- Immunoglobulin A/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunity, Humoral
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kevin S Hsu
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Savannah E Howe
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tanya Hoang
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zheng Xia
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yongjun Sui
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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Huynh DC, Nguyen MP, Ngo DT, Nguyen XH, Nguyen DT, Mai TH, Le TH, Hoang MD, Le KL, Nguyen KQ, Nguyen VH, Kelley KW. A comprehensive analysis of the immune system in healthy Vietnamese people. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30647. [PMID: 38765090 PMCID: PMC11101793 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle, diet, socioeconomic status and genetics all contribute to heterogeneity in immune responses. Vietnam is plagued with a variety of health problems, but there are no available data on immune system values in the Vietnamese population. This study aimed to establish reference intervals for immune cell parameters specific to the healthy Vietnamese population by utilizing multi-color flow cytometry (MCFC). We provide a comprehensive analysis of total leukocyte count, quantitative and qualitative shifts within lymphocyte subsets, serum and cytokine and chemokine levels and functional attributes of key immune cells including B cells, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and their respective subpopulations. By establishing these reference values for the Vietnamese population, these data contribute significantly to our understanding of the human immune system variations across diverse populations. These data will be of substantial comparative value and be instrumental in developing personalized medical approaches and optimizing diagnostic strategies for individuals based on their unique immune profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith W Kelley
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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16
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Yang NY, Hsieh AYY, Chen Z, Campbell AR, Gadawska I, Kakkar F, Sauve L, Bitnun A, Brophy J, Murray MCM, Pick N, Krajden M, Côté HCF. Chronic and Latent Viral Infections and Leukocyte Telomere Length across the Lifespan of Female and Male Individuals Living with or without HIV. Viruses 2024; 16:755. [PMID: 38793637 PMCID: PMC11125719 DOI: 10.3390/v16050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic/latent viral infections may accelerate immunological aging, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH). We characterized chronic/latent virus infections across their lifespan and investigated their associations with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). METHODS Participants enrolled in the CARMA cohort study were randomly selected to include n = 15 for each decade of age between 0 and >60 y, for each sex, and each HIV status. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and HSV-2 infection were determined serologically; HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), and hepatitis B (HBV) were self-reported. LTLs were measured using monochrome multiplex qPCR. Associations between the number of viruses, LTL, and sociodemographic factors were assessed using ordinal logistic and linear regression modeling. RESULTS The study included 187 PLWH (105 female/82 male) and 190 HIV-negative participants (105 female/84 male), ranging in age from 0.7 to 76.1 years. Living with HIV, being older, and being female were associated with harbouring a greater number of chronic/latent non-HIV viruses. Having more infections was in turn bivariately associated with a shorter LTL. In multivariable analyses, older age, living with HIV, and the female sex remained independently associated with having more infections, while having 3-4 viruses (vs. 0-2) was associated with a shorter LTL. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that persistent viral infections are more prevalent in PLWH and females, and that these may contribute to immunological aging. Whether this is associated with comorbidities later in life remains an important question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Yi Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anthony Y. Y. Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Amber R. Campbell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
- Women’s Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.C.M.M.)
- Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C9, Canada
| | - Izabella Gadawska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Fatima Kakkar
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
| | - Laura Sauve
- Women’s Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.C.M.M.)
- Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C9, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Ari Bitnun
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
| | - Jason Brophy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
| | - Melanie C. M. Murray
- Women’s Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.C.M.M.)
- Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Neora Pick
- Women’s Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.C.M.M.)
- Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 0C9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Mel Krajden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Hélène C. F. Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada; (N.Y.Y.); (A.Y.Y.H.); (M.K.)
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 2N9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.C.M.M.)
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Anywaine Z, Hansen C, Warimwe GM, Abu-Baker Mustapher G, Nyakarahuka L, Balinandi S, Ario AR, Lutwama JJ, Elliott A, Kaleebu P. Severe morbidity and hospital-based mortality from Rift Valley fever disease between November 2017 and March 2020 among humans in Uganda. Virol J 2024; 21:104. [PMID: 38702807 PMCID: PMC11069174 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic viral disease of increasing intensity among humans in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. In Uganda, cases reported prior to 2016 were mild or not fully documented. We report in this paper on the severe morbidity and hospital-based mortality of human cases in Uganda. METHODS Between November 2017 and March 2020 human cases reported to the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ethical and regulatory approvals were obtained to enrol survivors into a one-year follow-up study. Data were collected on socio-demographics, medical history, laboratory tests, potential risk factors, and analysed using Stata software. RESULTS Overall, 40 cases were confirmed with acute RVF during this period. Cases were not geographically clustered and nearly all were male (39/40; 98%), median age 32 (range 11-63). The median definitive diagnosis time was 7 days and a delay of three days between presumptive and definitive diagnosis. Most patients (31/40; 78%) presented with fever and bleeding at case detection. Twenty-eight (70%) cases were hospitalised, out of whom 18 (64%) died. Mortality was highest among admissions in regional referral (11/16; 69%) and district (4/5; 80%) hospitals, hospitalized patients with bleeding at case detection (17/27; 63%), and patients older than 44 years (9/9; 100%). Survivors mostly manifested a mild gastro-intestinal syndrome with nausea (83%), anorexia (75%), vomiting (75%), abdominal pain (50%), and diarrhoea (42%), and prolonged symptoms of severe disease including jaundice (67%), visual difficulties (67%), epistaxis (50%), haemoptysis (42%), and dysentery (25%). Symptom duration varied between two to 120 days. CONCLUSION RVF is associated with high hospital-based mortality, severe and prolonged morbidity among humans that present to the health care system and are confirmed by PCR. One-health composite interventions should be developed to improve environmental and livestock surveillance, prevent infections, promptly detect outbreaks, and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacchaeus Anywaine
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51 - 59 Nakiwogo Road, P. O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | - Christian Hansen
- MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - George M Warimwe
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Luke Nyakarahuka
- Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Biosecurity, Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Balinandi
- Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Alex Riolexus Ario
- National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius J Lutwama
- Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Alison Elliott
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51 - 59 Nakiwogo Road, P. O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51 - 59 Nakiwogo Road, P. O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
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18
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Xiao T, Lee J, Gauntner TD, Velegraki M, Lathia JD, Li Z. Hallmarks of sex bias in immuno-oncology: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:338-355. [PMID: 38589557 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Sex differences are present across multiple non-reproductive organ cancers, with male individuals generally experiencing higher incidence of cancer with poorer outcomes. Although some mechanisms underlying these differences are emerging, the immunological basis is not well understood. Observations from clinical trials also suggest a sex bias in conventional immunotherapies with male individuals experiencing a more favourable response and female individuals experiencing more severe adverse events to immune checkpoint blockade. In this Perspective article, we summarize the major biological hallmarks underlying sex bias in immuno-oncology. We focus on signalling from sex hormones and chromosome-encoded gene products, along with sex hormone-independent and chromosome-independent epigenetic mechanisms in tumour and immune cells such as myeloid cells and T cells. Finally, we highlight opportunities for future studies on sex differences that integrate sex hormones and chromosomes and other emerging cancer hallmarks such as ageing and the microbiome to provide a more comprehensive view of how sex differences underlie the response in cancer that can be leveraged for more effective immuno-oncology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xiao
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-The James, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Juyeun Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy D Gauntner
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-The James, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria Velegraki
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-The James, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumour Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-The James, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Nautiyal A, Bagchi S, Bansal SB. Gender and kidney transplantation. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2024; 4:1360856. [PMID: 38711923 PMCID: PMC11070561 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2024.1360856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation provides the best form of kidney replacement therapy with improvement in quality of life and longevity. However, disparity exists in its availability, utilisation and outcomes, not only due to donor availability or financial constraints but also arising from the influence of biological sex and its sociocultural attribute i.e., Gender. Women make up the majority of kidney donors but are less likely to be counselled regarding transpantation, be waitlisted or receive living/deceased donor kidney. Biological differences also contribute to differences in kidney transplantation among the sexes. Women are more likely to be sensitised owing to pregnancy, especially in multiparous individuals, complicating donor compatibility. A heightened immune system in women, evidenced by more autoimmune illnesses, increases the risk of allograft rejection and loss. Differences in the pharmacokinetics of transplant drugs owing to biological variances could also contribute to variability in outcomes. Transgender medicine is also increasingly becoming a relevant topic of study, providing greater challenges in the form of hormonal manipulations and anatomic changes. It is thus important to determine and study transplantation and its nuances in this backdrop to be able to provide relevant sex and gender-specific interventions and design better practices for optimum kidney transplant utilisation and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arushi Nautiyal
- Department of Nephrology, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumita Bagchi
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Layug PJ, Vats H, Kannan K, Arsenio J. Sex differences in CD8 + T cell responses during adaptive immunity. WIREs Mech Dis 2024:e1645. [PMID: 38581141 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Biological sex is an important variable that influences the immune system's susceptibility to infectious and non-infectious diseases and their outcomes. Sex dimorphic features in innate and adaptive immune cells and their activities may help to explain sex differences in immune responses. T lymphocytes in the adaptive immune system are essential to providing protection against infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, T cell responses are discussed with focus on the current knowledge of biological sex differences in CD8+ T cell mediated adaptive immune responses in infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases. Future directions aimed at investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying sex differences in diverse T cell responses will continue to underscore the significance of understanding sex differences in protective immunity at the cellular level, to induce appropriate T cell-based immune responses in infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. This article is categorized under: Immune System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jerard Layug
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harman Vats
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kamali Kannan
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Janilyn Arsenio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Lorefice L, Ferraro OE, Fenu G, Amato MP, Bresciamorra V, Conte A, De Luca G, Ferraro D, Filippi M, Gazzola P, Iaffaldano P, Inglese M, Lus G, Marfia GA, Patti F, Pesci I, Salemi G, Trojano M, Zaffaroni M, Monti MC, Cocco E. Late-onset multiple sclerosis: disability trajectories in relapsing-remitting patients of the Italian MS Registry. J Neurol 2024; 271:1630-1637. [PMID: 38172380 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generally infrequent, multiple sclerosis (MS) with late onset (LOMS) is characterized by an onset over the age of 50 and a mainly progressive course, while relapsing-remitting (RR) forms are less frequently observed and explored. This study aimed to characterize a large cohort of MS patients with RRMS at onset to assess the baseline factors related to the worst disability trajectories and explore the role of LOMS. METHODS The data were extracted from the Italian MS Register (IMSR). Disability trajectories, defined using at least two and up to twenty expanded disability status scale (EDSS) assessments annually performed, were implemented using group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) to identify different groups with the same trajectories over time. MS profiles were explored using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 16,159 RR patients [1012 (6.26%) presented with LOMS] were analyzed. The GBTM identified four disability trajectories. The group with the most severe EDSS trend included 12.3% of the patients with a mean EDSS score > 4, which increased over time and exceeded 6 score. The group with medium severity EDSS trend comprised 21.9% of the patients and showed a change in EDSS > 3 scores over time. The largest group with 50.8% of patients reported a constant EDSS of 2 score. Finally, the benign group comprised 14.9% of the patients with a low and constant EDSS of 1 score over time. The probability of being in the worst groups increased if the patient was male; had LOMS or experienced brainstem, spinal, or supratentorial symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Four MS severity profiles among RRMS patients in the IMSR have been reported, with LOMS being associated with a rapid worsening of EDSS scores. These findings have important implications for recognizing and managing how older age, aging, and age-related factors interact with MS and its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Lorefice
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, University of Cagliari, ASL Cagliari, via Is Guadazzonis 2, PO Binaghi, 01916, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Ottavia Elena Ferraro
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Neurosciences, ARNAS Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Amato
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section of Neurosciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bresciamorra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care and Research Centre, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Conte
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neurology Unit, SS. Annunziata Hospital University "G D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Diana Ferraro
- Department of Neurosciences, Civil Hospital of Baggiovara, AOU of Modena, Baggiovara, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Neuroimaging Research Units, Neurophysiology Service, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gazzola
- Neurology Unit, P.A. Micone Hospital, ASL3 Genovese, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pietro Iaffaldano
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences, DiBraiN University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Dipartimento Di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica E Scienze Materno - Infantili (DINOGMI), Universita' Di Genova, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Girolama Alessandra Marfia
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pesci
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla Unità Operativa Neurologia, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, Ospedale Di Vaio, Fidenza, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Zaffaroni
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hospital of Gallarate - ASST Della Valle Olona, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Binaghi Hospital, University of Cagliari, ASL Cagliari, via Is Guadazzonis 2, PO Binaghi, 01916, Cagliari, Italy
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22
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Cordeiro FP, Marchiori LLM, Teixeira DC, Andraus RAC, Poli-Frederico RC. Plasma Levels of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) Associated with Hearing Loss Evaluation in the Elderly. Noise Health 2024; 26:165-173. [PMID: 38904818 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_3_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Presbycusis can be mediated by the effects of inflammatory processes on the auditory system, and these aging biological mechanisms remain poorly studied. AIMS The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma biomarkers are associated with hearing disorders caused by aging in the elderly. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Cross-sectional study with 106 participants in the Active Aging Project, 93 (88%) females and 13 (12%) males, with an average age of 70 years. METHODS AND MATERIAL Audiological evaluation was performed with pure tone audiometry and collection of peripheral blood for the measurement of plasma levels of interleukins 2, 4, 6, and 10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ by means of flow cytometry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The SPSS (v.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) was used for the analysis of the data obtained. For all data analyzed, the significance level adopted was P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. RESULTS There were statistically significant correlations between male and IL-2 (P = 0.031; rs = 0.210), mean II of the right ear (P = 0.004; rs = 0.279), longer in years (P = 0.002; rs = 0.307) and in hours (P = 0.004; rs = 0.281) of noise exposure also in males. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, there was an association between the male gender and higher plasma levels of IL-2, an increase in the average hearing in the right ear, and greater time in years and hours of exposure to noise. There was a predominance of mild sensorineural hearing loss and worsening of hearing related to age, characteristics of presbycusis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P Cordeiro
- Student of theMaster's and Doctor's Degree in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL-UNOPAR. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4489-2568
| | - Luciana L M Marchiori
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Intervention in Health Promotion LIIPS/UNICESUMAR-Maringá, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-0468
| | - Denilson C Teixeira
- Research Center in Health Science, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-0252
| | - Rodrigo A C Andraus
- Professor of the Master's and Doctor's Degree Associated in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL-UNOPAR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-0872
| | - Regina Célia Poli-Frederico
- Professor of the Master's and Doctor's Degree Associated in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL-UNOPAR. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4631-4606
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23
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Inoda S, Takahashi H, Maruyama-Inoue M, Ikeda S, Sekiryu T, Itagaki K, Matsumoto H, Mukai R, Nagai Y, Ohnaka M, Kusuhara S, Miki A, Okada AA, Nakayama M, Nishiguchi KM, Takeuchi J, Mori R, Tanaka K, Honda S, Kohno T, Koizumi H, Miyara Y, Inoue Y, Takana H, Iida T, Maruko I, Hayashi A, Ueda-Consolvo T, Yanagi Y. INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF INTRAOCULAR INFLAMMATION AFTER BROLUCIZUMAB TREATMENT IN JAPAN: A Multicenter Age-Related Macular Degeneration Study. Retina 2024; 44:714-722. [PMID: 38016089 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000004009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the incidence of intraocular inflammation (IOI) and its risk factors following intravitreal injections of brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Japan. METHODS A total of 1,351 Japanese consecutive patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration who were treated with brolucizumab from May 2020 to May 2022 at 14 institutions were examined. The variables analyzed were the number of brolucizumab injections, time to onset of IOI, and risk factors. RESULTS Intraocular inflammation developed in 152 eyes (11.3%). Retinal vasculitis and/or retinal occlusion occurred in 53 eyes (3.9%). Ninety-four patients received bilaterally, bilateral IOI occurred in five patients (5.3%). Sixteen eyes (1.2%) had irreversible visual acuity loss and nine eyes (0.67%) had visual loss of three lines or more due to retinal vasculitis and/or retinal occlusion. The cumulative IOI incidence was 4.5%, 10.3%, and 12.2% at 30, 180, and 365 days (1-year), respectively. History of IOI (including retinal vasculitis) and/or retinal occlusion (odds ratio [OR], 5.41; P = 0.0075) and female sex (OR, 1.99; P = 0.0004) were significantly associated with IOI onset. CONCLUSION The 1-year cumulative incidence of IOI in Japanese neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients treated with brolucizumab was 12.2%. History of IOI (including retinal vasculitis) and/or retinal occlusion and female sex were significant risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Inoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Maiko Maruyama-Inoue
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-technology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoko Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-technology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tetsuju Sekiryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kanako Itagaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Matsumoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi-shi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryo Mukai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi-shi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nagai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohnaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sentaro Kusuhara
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akiko Miki
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Annabelle A Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Nakayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji M Nishiguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryusaburo Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nihon University Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nihon University Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Honda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeya Kohno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Yuji Inoue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nishikasai Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nishikasai Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan ; and
| | - Ichiro Maruko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan ; and
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | | | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-technology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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24
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Rosado MRS, Marzan-Rivera N, Watowich MM, Valle ADND, Pantoja P, Pavez-Fox MA, Siracusa ER, Cooper EB, Valle JEND, Phillips D, Ruiz-Lambides A, Martinez MI, Montague MJ, Platt ML, Higham JP, Brent LJN, Sariol CA, Snyder-Mackler N. Immune cell composition varies by age, sex and exposure to social adversity in free-ranging Rhesus Macaques. GeroScience 2024; 46:2107-2122. [PMID: 37853187 PMCID: PMC10828448 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00962-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing age is associated with dysregulated immune function and increased inflammation-patterns that are also observed in individuals exposed to chronic social adversity. Yet we still know little about how social adversity impacts the immune system and how it might promote age-related diseases. Here, we investigated how immune cell diversity varied with age, sex and social adversity (operationalized as low social status) in free-ranging rhesus macaques. We found age-related signatures of immunosenescence, including lower proportions of CD20 + B cells, CD20 + /CD3 + ratio, and CD4 + /CD8 + T cell ratio - all signs of diminished antibody production. Age was associated with higher proportions of CD3 + /CD8 + Cytotoxic T cells, CD16 + /CD3- Natural Killer cells, CD3 + /CD4 + /CD25 + and CD3 + /CD8 + /CD25 + T cells, and CD14 + /CD16 + /HLA-DR + intermediate monocytes, and lower levels of CD14 + /CD16-/HLA-DR + classical monocytes, indicating greater amounts of inflammation and immune dysregulation. We also found a sex-dependent effect of exposure to social adversity (i.e., low social status). High-status males, relative to females, had higher CD20 + /CD3 + ratios and CD16 + /CD3 Natural Killer cell proportions, and lower proportions of CD8 + Cytotoxic T cells. Further, low-status females had higher proportions of cytotoxic T cells than high-status females, while the opposite was observed in males. High-status males had higher CD20 + /CD3 + ratios than low-status males. Together, our study identifies the strong age and sex-dependent effects of social adversity on immune cell proportions in a human-relevant primate model. Thus, these results provide novel insights into the combined effects of demography and social adversity on immunity and their potential contribution to age-related diseases in humans and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R Sanchez Rosado
- Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences, San Juan, PR, USA.
| | - Nicole Marzan-Rivera
- Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Marina M Watowich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Petraleigh Pantoja
- Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Melissa A Pavez-Fox
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Erin R Siracusa
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Eve B Cooper
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josue E Negron-Del Valle
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel Phillips
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Angelina Ruiz-Lambides
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Melween I Martinez
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Michael J Montague
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael L Platt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Marketing, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James P Higham
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren J N Brent
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Carlos A Sariol
- Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- School for Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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25
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Rejeb SB, Elfekih S, Kouki N, Boulma R, Khouni H. Immunochemistry-based quantification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immunoscore as prognostic biomarkers in bladder cancer. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2024; 36:9. [PMID: 38523233 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-024-00212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the derived immunoscore (IS) have gained considerable attention over the last decade as prognostic markers in many solid cancers. However, in bladder cancer (BC), their prognostic value is not clearly established. METHODS The present study aimed to quantify the TILs rates in BC, assess the derived immunoscore, and investigate their prognostic value. An immunochemistry-based quantification of the different subtypes of TILS was performed on paraffin-embedded blocks from patients with invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. We have assessed the rates of TILs, respectively, on peri-tumoral (PT) and intra-tumoral (IT) areas and calculated for each case the corresponding IS which is the index: CD8+/CD3+ TILs. The IS was then classified as low (I0, I1) or high (I2, I3, I4). We included 30 cases in the analysis. RESULTS The median age of patients was 65 years with a sex ratio of 9. TILs densities and distribution were significantly variable between IT and PT areas CD3+ (p = 0.03) and CD8+ (p = 0.004) with the highest rates on the PT areas. In univariate analysis, a low density of CD8+ TILs was significantly associated with an advanced age (p = 0.05), with the presence of lympho-vascular invasion (p = 0.02) and with the absence of specific histological subtype (p = 0.05). A low immunoscore was significantly associated with the presence of lympho-vascular invasion (p = 0.004). No significant association was found between TILs subpopulations, the IS, and the other clinicopathological and survival data. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) medians were slightly superior in highly T (CD3+/CD8+)-cell infiltrated tumors as well as tumors with a high IS densities. However, the univariate analysis showed that TILs and immunoscore did not impact overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). CONCLUSION TILs and immunoscore might be effective prognostic tools in BC. However, standardized quantification methods and further investigation on larger samples are highly recommended to definitively attest the prognostic value of TILs and IS in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Ben Rejeb
- Department of Pathology, Hopital des forces de sécurité intérieure de la Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, Tunis Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sirine Elfekih
- Department of Pathology, Hopital des forces de sécurité intérieure de la Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, Tunis Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Nadia Kouki
- Department of Pathology, Hopital des forces de sécurité intérieure de la Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, Tunis Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rami Boulma
- Department of Urology, Hopital des forces de sécurité intérieure de la Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, Tunis Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Khouni
- Department of Urology, Hopital des forces de sécurité intérieure de la Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medecine of Tunis, Tunis Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
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26
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Roszczyk A, Zych M, Sołdacki D, Zagozdzon R, Kniotek MJ. Reference values of lymphocyte subsets from healthy Polish adults. Cent Eur J Immunol 2024; 49:26-36. [PMID: 38812608 PMCID: PMC11130990 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.136371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The flow cytometry method could support physicians' decisions in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of immunodeficient patients. Most clinical recommendations are focused on the search for alterations in T- and B-lymphocyte subsets, less commonly natural killer (NK) cells and granulocytes. While reference values for clinically meaningful lymphocyte subsets have been published ubiquitously among numerous countries, we have not found significant data for a population of adult Polish habitats; thus we determined reference values for T, B, and NK subsets according to sex and age. The female group showed a higher percentage of lymphocytes (CD45++), T helper lymphocytes with a higher absolute count, as well as CD4/CD8 ratio, marginal zone-like B cells, class-switched B cells, and CD21low B cells than the male group. The male group was found to have elevated percentages of naïve B lymphocytes, transitional B cells, and plasmablasts. A weak positive correlation with age was found among double positive T lymphocytes, natural killer T cells (NKT) lymphocytes, and CD21low B cells. A negative correlation with age for double negative T lymphocytes, marginal zone-like B cells, and plasmablasts was noted. The results indicated the importance of creating distinct reference ranges regarding sex and age concerning immunophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Zych
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Radoslaw Zagozdzon
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika J. Kniotek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Zemni I, Bennasrallah C, Charrada I, Dhouib W, Maatouk A, Hassine DB, Klii R, Kacem M, Fredj MB, Abroug H, Mhalla S, Mastouri M, Loussaief C, Jlassi I, Bouanène I, Belguith AS. Comparison of time to negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 between young and elderly among asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients: a cohort study from a national containment center. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1217849. [PMID: 38562375 PMCID: PMC10983848 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1217849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to study the relationship between age and time to negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with asymptomatic and mild forms of COVID-19. Methods We conducted a cohort study including all patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from the national COVID-19 containment center of Tunisia. Patients were subdivided into two cohorts: (under 60 years) and (over 60 years) and were followed up until PCR negativization. Log rank test and Cox regression were applied to compare time to negative conversion between the old group and the young group. Results The study included 289 patients with non-severe forms of COVID-19. Age over 60 was significantly associated with delayed negative conversion in male sex (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.07) and among patients with morbid conditions (HR:1.68; 95% CI: 1.02-2.75) especially diabetics (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.01-4.21). This association increased to (HR:2.3; 95% CI: 1.13-4.66) when male sex and comorbidities were concomitantly present and rose to (HR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.02-6.80) for men with diabetes. Cox regression analysis revealed a significantly delayed negative conversion in symptomatic patients. Significant interaction was observed between gender and age and between age and chronic conditions. Conclusion Age is associated with delayed negative conversion of viral RNA in certain subgroups. Identifying these subgroups is crucial to know how prioritize preventive strategies in elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Zemni
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Cyrine Bennasrallah
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Charrada
- Department of Endocrinology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Dhouib
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amani Maatouk
- Department of Microbiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Donia Ben Hassine
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rim Klii
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Kacem
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Fredj
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hela Abroug
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salma Mhalla
- Department of Microbiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Department of Microbiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Chawki Loussaief
- Department of Infectiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Jlassi
- Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Bouanène
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Asma Sriha Belguith
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Department of Epidemiology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Technology and Medical Imaging Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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28
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Rio P, Caldarelli M, Chiantore M, Ocarino F, Candelli M, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Immune Cells, Gut Microbiota, and Vaccines: A Gender Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:526. [PMID: 38534370 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines has played a crucial role in preventing infections and treating chronic and non-communicable diseases, respectively. For a long time, the influence of sex differences on modifying health and disease has not been addressed in clinical and preclinical studies. The interaction of genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal factors plays a role in the sex-related differences in the epidemiology of diseases, clinical manifestations, and the response to treatment. Moreover, sex is one of the leading factors influencing the gut microbiota composition, which could further explain the different predisposition to diseases in men and women. In the same way, differences between sexes occur also in the immune response to vaccines. This narrative review aims to highlight these differences, focusing on the immune response to vaccines. Comparative data about immune responses, vaccine effectiveness, and side effects are reviewed. Hence, the intricate interplay between sex, immunity, and the gut microbiota will be discussed for its potential role in the response to vaccination. Embracing a sex-oriented perspective in research may improve the efficacy of the immune response and allow the design of tailored vaccine schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Rio
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Caldarelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Chiantore
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ocarino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambassi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Niu Z, Zhang P. Analysis of Serum Anti-HBs Levels and HBsAg/HBeAg Markers in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Viral Immunol 2024; 37:107-114. [PMID: 38447125 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global public health concern, and China continues to face a high burden of HBV cases. Vaccination plays a critical role in controlling and eradicating HBV. However, studies have shown that some individuals may experience waning immunity over time, highlighting the importance of enhanced immunization strategies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age, gender, and anti-HBs antibody levels, as well as the prevalence of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/HBV e antigen (HBeAg) positivity. This retrospective study included 43,609 pediatric patients who visited the outpatient department between January 2013 and December 2022. Serum biomarkers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, and anti-HBc) were measured using Roche Cobas 8000. There is a significant difference in anti-HBs titer between genders and across different age groups (p < 0.05). The serological markers HBsAg/HBeAg exhibited the highest positivity rate in the age group of 15-18 years. The findings demonstrate a gradual decrease in anti-HBs levels following HBV vaccination. The prevalence of serum markers HBsAg/HBeAg is higher among adolescents aged 15-18 years, which should be a matter of concern and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Pingan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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30
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Hendy DA, Pena ES, Ontiveros‐Padilla L, Dixon TA, Middleton DD, Williamson GL, Lukesh NR, Simpson SR, Stiepel RT, Islam MJ, Carlock MA, Ross TM, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Immunogenicity of an adjuvanted broadly active influenza vaccine in immunocompromised and diverse populations. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10634. [PMID: 38435811 PMCID: PMC10905549 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus outbreaks are a major burden worldwide each year. Current vaccination strategies are inadequate due to antigenic drift/shift of the virus and the elicitation of low immune responses. The use of computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) hemagglutinin (HA) immunogens subvert the constantly mutating viruses; however, they are poorly immunogenic on their own. To increase the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines such as this, adjuvants can be delivered with the vaccine. For example, agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) have proven efficacy as vaccine adjuvants. However, their use in high-risk populations most vulnerable to influenza virus infection has not been closely examined. Here, we utilize a vaccine platform consisting of acetalated dextran microparticles loaded with COBRA HA and the STING agonist cyclic GMP-AMP. We examine the immunogenicity of this platform in mouse models of obesity, aging, and chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression. Further, we examine vaccine efficacy in collaborative cross mice, a genetically diverse population that mimics human genetic heterogeneity. Overall, this vaccine platform had variable efficacy in these populations supporting work to better tailor adjuvants to specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan A. Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Erik S. Pena
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State UniversityChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Luis Ontiveros‐Padilla
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Timothy A. Dixon
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Denzel D. Middleton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Grace L. Williamson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Nicole Rose Lukesh
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sean R. Simpson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Rebeca T. Stiepel
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Md Jahirul Islam
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Ted M. Ross
- Florida Research and Innovation CenterPort St. LucieFloridaUSA
- Center for Vaccines and ImmunologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State UniversityChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC School of MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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31
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Mangowi I, Mirambo MM, Kilonzo SB, Mlewa M, Nyawale H, Majinge D, Hyera F, Jaka H, Mtemisika C, Michael F, Mshana SE. Hepatitis B virus infection, associated factors, knowledge and vaccination status among household contacts of hepatitis B index cases in Mwanza, Tanzania. IJID REGIONS 2024; 10:168-173. [PMID: 38317663 PMCID: PMC10840095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, knowledge regarding HBV, vaccination status, and associated factors among household contacts of HBV index cases in Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods Between July and August 2023, a cross-sectional study involving 97 index cases and 402 household contacts was conducted. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire and blood samples were collected from household contacts for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) testing. Results The prevalence of HBV among household contacts was 5.4% (95% confidence interval, 2.9-9.0) with a significantly high proportion observed in > 45 years (16.6%) and in males (9.9%). A total of 40.0% of the household contacts had completed the full HBV vaccination series. On multivariate analysis, being male was significantly associated with HBsAg positivity (odds ratio: 7.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.81-28.2, P = 0.005). Conclusion About one-tenth of adults' male household contacts were HBsAg positive. In addition, the majority of household contacts had poor to fair knowledge regarding HBV infection with more than half being unvaccinated against HBV. There is a need to enhance awareness and education regarding HBV infection among household contacts in Tanzania and other low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivon Mangowi
- School of Public Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Mariam M. Mirambo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Semvua B. Kilonzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences- Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Mathias Mlewa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Helmut Nyawale
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Hyasinta Jaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences- Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | | | - Fausta Michael
- Ministry of Health, Immunization and Vaccine Development Program, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Stephen E. Mshana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
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32
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Nebie I, Palacpac NMQ, Bougouma EC, Diarra A, Ouédraogo A, D’Alessio F, Houard S, Tiono AB, Cousens S, Horii T, Sirima SB. Persistence of Anti-SE36 Antibodies Induced by the Malaria Vaccine Candidate BK-SE36/CpG in 5-10-Year-Old Burkinabe Children Naturally Exposed to Malaria. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:166. [PMID: 38400149 PMCID: PMC10892924 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Information on the dynamics and decline/persistence of antibody titres is important in vaccine development. A recent vaccine trial in malaria-exposed, healthy African adults and children living in a malaria hyperendemic and seasonal area (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) was the first study in which BK-SE36/CpG was administered to different age groups. In 5- to 10-year-old children, the risk of malaria infection was markedly lower in the BK-SE36/CpG arm compared to the control arm. We report here data on antibody titres measured in this age-group after the high malaria transmission season of 2021 (three years after the first vaccine dose was administered). At Year 3, 83% of children had detectable anti-SE36 total IgG antibodies. Geometric mean antibody titres and the proportion of children with detectable anti-SE36 antibodies were markedly higher in the BK-SE36/CpG arm than the control (rabies) arm. The information obtained in this study will guide investigators on future vaccine/booster schedules for this promising blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Nebie
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
| | - Nirianne Marie Q. Palacpac
- Department of Malaria Vaccine Development, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Edith Christiane Bougouma
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
| | - Amidou Diarra
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
| | - Alphonse Ouédraogo
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
| | - Flavia D’Alessio
- European Vaccine Initiative, UniversitätsKlinikum Heidelberg, Voßstraße 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.D.); (S.H.)
| | - Sophie Houard
- European Vaccine Initiative, UniversitätsKlinikum Heidelberg, Voßstraße 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.D.); (S.H.)
| | - Alfred B. Tiono
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
| | - Simon Cousens
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
| | - Toshihiro Horii
- Department of Malaria Vaccine Development, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Sodiomon B. Sirima
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou 10248, Burkina Faso; (I.N.); (E.C.B.); (A.D.); (A.O.); (A.B.T.)
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33
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Karmakar S, Mishra A, Pal P, Lal G. Effector and cytolytic function of natural killer cells in anticancer immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:235-252. [PMID: 37818891 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune cells play an important role in mounting antigen-specific antitumor immunity. The contribution of innate immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, and gamma-delta T cells is well studied in cancer immunology. NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that show effector and regulatory function in a contact-dependent and contact-independent manner. The cytotoxic function of NK cells plays an important role in killing the infected and transformed host cells and controlling infection and tumor growth. However, several studies have also ascribed the role of NK cells in inducing pathophysiology in autoimmune diseases, promoting immune tolerance in the uterus, and antitumor function in the tumor microenvironment. We discuss the fundamentals of NK cell biology, its distribution in different organs, cellular and molecular interactions, and its cytotoxic and noncytotoxic functions in cancer biology. We also highlight the use of NK cell-based adoptive cellular therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surojit Karmakar
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India
| | - Amrita Mishra
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India
| | - Pradipta Pal
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India
| | - Girdhari Lal
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India
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Zhang W, Wu H, Guo Q, Xu X, Pu Y, Chen C, Cao M, Sun D, Lu W, Yi H, Zhou S, Fang B. Association of clinical characteristics and vaccines with risk of persistently viral clearance in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23256. [PMID: 38192786 PMCID: PMC10772582 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The global COVID-19 pandemic does not appear to end in the near future. Currently, limited data are available on the risk factors for delayed viral clearance in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection. Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of clinical characteristics and vaccination with prolonged viral clearance. Methods This retrospective cohort included 16,985 patients who had contracted the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant between April 5 and May 30, 2022, in Shanghai, China, and had mild or no symptoms. The patients were admitted to the quarantine venue at the Shanghai New International Expo Center. Results Of the 16,985 participants, the occurrence of viral clearance was ≤8 and > 8 days in 11,009 (64.8 %) and 5976 (35.2 %) participants, respectively. Risk factors related to patients who remained persistently polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive were sex (Male, odds ratio [OR] 1.221, p < 0.001), older age (35-49, OR 1.389, p < 0.001; 50-64, OR 1.659, p < 0.001; ≥65, OR 2.139, p < 0.001), presence of symptoms (OR 1.093, p = 0.030), number of vaccinations (two doses, OR 0.753, p < 0.001; three doses, OR 0.797, p < 0.001; four doses, OR 0.543, p < 0.001), and cycle threshold (Ct) value for ORF1ab gene at diagnosis (25-35, OR 0.235, p < 0.001; >35, OR 0.079, p < 0.001). The lower rates of increase in Ct values were observed in the later viral shedding group than in the early viral shedding group for ORF1ab (β = -0.791, p < 0.001) and N genes (β = -0.825, p < 0.001). Conclusion Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection and higher viral concentrations were associated with factors such as male sex, older age, symptomatic status, and fewer doses of vaccination in patients admitted to Shanghai Makeshift Hospital between April 5 and May 30, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Hongze Wu
- Jiujiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiujiang, 332005, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Quan Guo
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiangru Xu
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yuting Pu
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Ding Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Nursing, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Hui Yi
- Jiujiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiujiang, 332005, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
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Kusters JMA, Diergaarde B, Ness A, Schim van der Loeff MF, Heijne JCM, Schroeder L, Hueniken K, McKay JD, Macfarlane GJ, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Polesel J, Agudo A, Alemany L, Ahrens W, Healy CM, Conway DI, Robinson M, Canova C, Holcátová I, Richiardi L, Znaor A, Pring M, Thomas S, Hayes DN, Liu G, Hung RJ, Brennan P, Olshan AF, Virani S, Waterboer T. Diagnostic accuracy of HPV16 early antigen serology for HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer is independent of age and sex. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:389-402. [PMID: 37694289 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
A growing proportion of head and neck cancer (HNC), especially oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are several markers for HPV-driven HNC, one being HPV early antigen serology. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of HPV serology and its performance across patient characteristics. Data from the VOYAGER consortium was used, which comprises five studies on HNC from North America and Europe. Diagnostic accuracy, that is, sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's kappa and correctly classified proportions of HPV16 E6 serology, was assessed for OPC and other HNC using p16INK4a immunohistochemistry (p16), HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) and HPV PCR as reference methods. Stratified analyses were performed for variables including age, sex, smoking and alcohol use, to test the robustness of diagnostic accuracy. A risk-factor analysis based on serology was conducted, comparing HPV-driven to non-HPV-driven OPC. Overall, HPV serology had a sensitivity of 86.8% (95% CI 85.1-88.3) and specificity of 91.2% (95% CI 88.6-93.4) for HPV-driven OPC using p16 as a reference method. In stratified analyses, diagnostic accuracy remained consistent across sex and different age groups. Sensitivity was lower for heavy smokers (77.7%), OPC without lymph node involvement (74.4%) and the ARCAGE study (66.7%), while specificity decreased for cases with <10 pack-years (72.1%). The risk-factor model included study, year of diagnosis, age, sex, BMI, alcohol use, pack-years, TNM-T and TNM-N stage. HPV serology is a robust biomarker for HPV-driven OPC, and its diagnostic accuracy is independent of age and sex. Future research is suggested on the influence of smoking on HPV antibody levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M A Kusters
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Hillman Cancer Centre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maarten F Schim van der Loeff
- Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke C M Heijne
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lea Schroeder
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrina Hueniken
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James D McKay
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gary J Macfarlane
- Epidemiology Group, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology Public Health Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Laia Alemany
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology Public Health Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Dublin, UK
| | - Max Robinson
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ivana Holcátová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D Neil Hayes
- Division of Medical Oncology and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shama Virani
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Harbecke R, Oxman MN, Selke S, Ashbaugh ME, Lan KF, Koelle DM, Wald A. Prior Herpes Simplex Virus Infection and the Risk of Herpes Zoster. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:64-72. [PMID: 37410908 PMCID: PMC10786259 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) has increased in the United States concurrent with decrease in herpes simplex virus (HSV) prevalence. We hypothesized that lack of HSV-elicited cross-reactive immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) results in an increased risk of HZ. Using specimens from the placebo arm of the Shingles Prevention Study, we investigated whether persons who develop HZ are less likely to have prior HSV infection than persons who do not develop HZ, and whether HZ is less severe in persons with HSV than in HSV seronegative persons. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control (1:2) study comparing the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cases (persons with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed HZ) to age-, sex-, and health-matched controls (persons without HZ). RESULTS Sera from 639 study participants (213 cases and 426 controls) yielded definitive HSV antibody results and were analyzed. Overall, HSV seropositivity rate was 75%. HSV seronegativity was significantly higher in HZ cases than controls (30.5% vs 22.3%; P = .024), with a 55% higher risk of HZ in HSV seronegative than HSV seropositive participants. HSV seropositivity was associated with more severe HZ (P = .021). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that prior infection with HSV partly protects against HZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Harbecke
- Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael N Oxman
- Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Stacy Selke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark E Ashbaugh
- Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kristine F Lan
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David M Koelle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anna Wald
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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37
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Butterworth NJ, Heffernan L, Hall MD. Is there a sicker sex? Dose relationships modify male-female differences in infection prevalence. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232575. [PMID: 38196362 PMCID: PMC10777155 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the animal kingdom, there are striking differences in the propensity of one sex or the other to become infected. However, precisely when we should expect males or females to be the sicker sex remains unclear. A major barrier to answering this question is that very few studies have considered how the susceptibility of males and females changes across the full range of pathogen doses encountered in nature. Without quantifying this 'dose-susceptibility' relationship, we have likely underestimated the scope for sex differences to arise. Here, we use the Daphnia magnia-Pasteuria ramosa system to reveal that sex differences in susceptibility are entirely dose-dependent, with pathogens having a higher probability of successfully establishing an infection in mature males at low doses, but mature females at high doses. The scope for male-female differences to emerge is therefore much greater than previously appreciated-extending to sex differences in the upper limits to infection success, per-propagule infectivity risks and density-dependent pathogen behaviour. Applying this expanded scope across the animal kingdom will help us understand when and why a sicker sex emerges, and the implications for diseases in nature-where sex ratios, age structure and pathogen densities vary drastically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J. Butterworth
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Lindsey Heffernan
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Moorlag SJCFM, Folkman L, Ter Horst R, Krausgruber T, Barreca D, Schuster LC, Fife V, Matzaraki V, Li W, Reichl S, Mourits VP, Koeken VACM, de Bree LCJ, Dijkstra H, Lemmers H, van Cranenbroek B, van Rijssen E, Koenen HJPM, Joosten I, Xu CJ, Li Y, Joosten LAB, van Crevel R, Netea MG, Bock C. Multi-omics analysis of innate and adaptive responses to BCG vaccination reveals epigenetic cell states that predict trained immunity. Immunity 2024; 57:171-187.e14. [PMID: 38198850 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Immune responses are tightly regulated yet highly variable between individuals. To investigate human population variation of trained immunity, we immunized healthy individuals with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). This live-attenuated vaccine induces not only an adaptive immune response against tuberculosis but also triggers innate immune activation and memory that are indicative of trained immunity. We established personal immune profiles and chromatin accessibility maps over a 90-day time course of BCG vaccination in 323 individuals. Our analysis uncovered genetic and epigenetic predictors of baseline immunity and immune response. BCG vaccination enhanced the innate immune response specifically in individuals with a dormant immune state at baseline, rather than providing a general boost of innate immunity. This study advances our understanding of BCG's heterologous immune-stimulatory effects and trained immunity in humans. Furthermore, it highlights the value of epigenetic cell states for connecting immune function with genotype and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas Folkman
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rob Ter Horst
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniele Barreca
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Linda C Schuster
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Fife
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Computational Biology of Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Reichl
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Bandim Health Project, OPEN, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helga Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lemmers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram van Cranenbroek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Esther van Rijssen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology of Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology of Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany; TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, Austria.
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Martin F, Xiao Y, Welten V, Nakamori K, Gizlenci M, Zhou H, Tullius SG. The combinatorial effect of age and biological sex on alloimmunity and transplantation outcome. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2024; 2:1325232. [PMID: 38993871 PMCID: PMC11235293 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1325232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Both age and biological sex affect transplantation outcomes. We have recently shown in a large volume clinical analysis utilizing the SRTR data that graft survival is inferior in young female kidney transplant recipients. In this multi-factorial analysis, older female recipients presented with a trend towards improved transplant outcomes compared to both young female recipients and male recipients of any age. Those data supported by reports of those of others suggest that sex and age impact alloimmune responses both, individually and synergistically. Biological sex and hormone levels change throughout a lifetime with recognized effects on longevity in addition to an impact on the development and course of several disease preconditions. Detailed mechanisms of those sex and age-specific aspects have thus far been studied outside of transplantation. Effects on alloimmunity are largely unknown. Moreover, the combinatorial impact that both, biological sex and age have on transplant outcomes is not understood. Here, we summarize available data that analyze how age in combination with biological sex may shape alloimmune responses and affect transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Martin
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yao Xiao
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vanessa Welten
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Keita Nakamori
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Merih Gizlenci
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hao Zhou
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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40
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Wang C, Wang J, Wu X, Liu T, Wang F, Zhou H, Chen C, Shi L, Ma L, Liu T, Li C. Comprehensive review on sexual dimorphism to improve scalp acupuncture in nervous system disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14447. [PMID: 37665197 PMCID: PMC10805401 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of modern medicine, the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) combined with western medicine began to be produced and applied. Scalp acupuncture (SA) as a Chinese medicine based on neurological theory, has a great advantage compared with TCM in the treatment of nervous system diseases. METHOD In this paper, we analyze the physiological and pathological manifestations of sexual dimorphism (SD) to illustrate the necessity of SD treatment. In addition, we review the factors that can affect SD and analyze in physiological structure, function, and pathological neurons. Diseases (pathological basis, pathological manifestations, and incidence) and factors leading to gender differences, which to analyze the possibility of gender differences in SA. RESULT Furthermore, we creatively a new insight of SD-SA and provide the complete SD treatment cases on the basis of the existing SA in different kinds of diseases including stroke, migraine, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and depression. CONCLUSION In summary, we believe that it is feasible to improve the clinical effectiveness of SA, which is able to promote the development of SA, and then provides an actionable evidence for the promotion of precision medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Wang
- Department of First Clinical Medical CollegeHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHeilongjiangChina
| | - Jiening Wang
- Department of RehabilitationShanghai Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xubo Wu
- Department of RehabilitationShanghai Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Rehabilitation ScienceShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Feng Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Huanxia Zhou
- Department of RehabilitationShanghai Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Chen Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Lijuan Shi
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lin Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of RehabilitationShanghai Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Cancheng Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
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Ishida A, Ohta M, Kobayashi T, Yamamoto Y, Hori A, Ryu M, Ueda T. Influence of Chewing Gummy Jelly Containing Aroma Compound on Psychological Stress and Autonomic Nervous System Activity: A Randomized Crossover Trial. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2023; 64:97-104. [PMID: 37599088 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this randomized crossover trial was to clarify the effects of chewing gummy jelly containing a compound of decanoic acid, oligonol, methyl cellulose, and citral (DOMAC) on mental stress and autonomic nervous activity in facemask wearers. A placebo gummy jelly was used in conjunction with DOMAC. Eight healthy adults with no tooth loss (mean age: 35±5 yr) were included. The participants were required to chew one DOMAC or placebo gummy jelly for 5 min after wearing a facemask for 20 min in the laboratory, then the other gummy jelly after a washout period. Rate of change in salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) as a marker of stress was compared between before and after chewing. Additionally, sympathetic and parasympathetic activity was compared at both time points. A significant difference was observed in the percentage change in salivary IgA from that at before wearing a facemask: 127±34% (mean±standard deviation) while wearing a facemask; 46±20% while chewing DOMAC gummies; and 47±26% while chewing placebo gummies (p<0.05). Parasympathetic nervous system activity was 971.2±1040.7 ms2 at 20 min after facemask wearing; 295.0±253.0 ms2 after DOMAC gummy chewing; and 1956.1±2798.0 ms2 after chewing a placebo gummy jelly; with significant differences only being found between 20 min after facemask wearing and after DOMAC gummy chewing (p<0.05). Sympathetic nervous system activity was 1.80±1.83 at 20 min after facemask wearing; 4.06±3.33 after DOMAC gummy chewing; and 4.95±7.02 after chewing a placebo gummy jelly; with significant differences only being found between 20 min after facemask wearing and after DOMAC gummy chewing. These results suggest that chewing gummy jellies containing DOMAC relieves stress caused by facemask wearing and activates sympathetic nervous system activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ishida
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Midori Ohta
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takafumi Kobayashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Ayaka Hori
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Masahiro Ryu
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takayuki Ueda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Tokyo Dental College
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Hua R, Gao H, He C, Xin S, Wang B, Zhang S, Gao L, Tao Q, Wu W, Sun F, Xu J. An emerging view on vascular fibrosis molecular mediators and relevant disorders: from bench to bed. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1273502. [PMID: 38179503 PMCID: PMC10764515 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1273502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular fibrosis is a widespread pathologic condition that arises during vascular remodeling in cardiovascular dysfunctions. According to previous studies, vascular fibrosis is characterized by endothelial matrix deposition and vascular wall thickening. The RAAS and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways have been frequently highlighted. It is, however, far from explicit in terms of understanding the cause and progression of vascular fibrosis. In this review, we collected and categorized a large number of molecules which influence the fibrosing process, in order to acquire a better understanding of vascular fibrosis, particularly of pathologic dysfunction. Furthermore, several mediators that prevent vascular fibrosis are discussed in depth in this review, with the aim that this will contribute to the future prevention and treatment of related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Tao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Experimental Animal Laboratory, Xuan-Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Anticoli S, Dorrucci M, Iessi E, Chiarotti F, Di Prinzio RR, Vinci MR, Zaffina S, Puro V, Colavita F, Mizzoni K, Meschi S, Vonesch N, Albano C, Ortona E, Ruggieri A, Tomao P. Association between sex hormones and anti-S/RBD antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines in healthcare workers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2273697. [PMID: 37961893 PMCID: PMC10760357 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2273697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the target population for vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as they are at a high risk of exposure and transmission of pathogens to patients. Neutralizing antibodies developed after COVID-19 vaccination decline within few months of vaccination. Several factors, including age and sex, can affect the intensity, efficacy, and duration of immune response to vaccines. However, sex-specific analyses of humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccines are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate sex-based differences in anti-S/RBD (Receptor Binding Domain) responses at three different time points after the second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in HCWs in relation to age, and to investigate the role of sex hormones as potential markers of response. Anti-S/RBD levels after two doses of the mRNA vaccine were collected from 521 HCWs naïve to COVID-19, working at two Italian Clinical Centers. Multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the association between anti-S levels and sex, age, and plasma levels of sex hormones. Significantly higher anti-S/RBD response to the COVID-19 vaccination was found in female HCWs, and a significant and more abrupt decline in response with time was observed in women than that in men. A novel, positive association of testosterone plasma levels and higher anti-S levels in male HCWs was found, suggesting its potential role as sex specific marker in males. In conclusion, understanding the sex-based differences in humoral immune responses to vaccines may potentially improve vaccination strategies and optimize surveillance programs for HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Anticoli
- Reference Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Dorrucci
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iessi
- Reference Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Reference Center for the Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rosaria Vinci
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Zaffina
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Puro
- UOC Emerging Infections and CRAIDS, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- UOC Lab of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Klizia Mizzoni
- UOC Lab of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- UOC Lab of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Vonesch
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Albano
- B cell Lab, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Reference Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Ruggieri
- Reference Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Tomao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
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Palacios-Marquez JJ, Guevara-Fiore P. Parasitism in viviparous vertebrates: an overview. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:53. [PMID: 38100003 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive mode of viviparity has independently evolved in various animal taxa. It refers to the condition in which the embryos or young develop inside the female's body during gestation, providing advantages such as protection, nutrition, and improved survival chances. However, parasites and diseases can be an evolutionary force that limit the host's resources, leading to physiological, morphological, and behavioral changes that impose additional costs on both the pregnant female and her offspring. This review integrates the primary literature published between 1980 and 2021 on the parasitism of viviparous hosts. We describe aspects such as reproductive investment in females, offspring sex ratios, lactation investment in mammals, alterations in birth intervals, current reproductive investment, variations between environments, immune system activity in response to immunological challenges, and other factors that can influence the interaction between viviparous females and parasites. Maintaining pregnancy incurs costs in managing the mother's resources and regulating the immune system's responses to the offspring, while simultaneously maintaining an adequate defense against parasites and pathogens. Parasites can significantly influence this reproductive mode: parasitized females adjust their investment in survival and reproduction based on their life history, environmental factors, and the diversity of encountered parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Palacios-Marquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Blvd. Valsequillo y Av. San Claudio, Edificio Bio-1, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Jardines de San Manuel, 72580, Puebla, CP, Mexico
| | - Palestina Guevara-Fiore
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Blvd. Valsequillo y Av. San Claudio, Edificio Bio-1, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Jardines de San Manuel, 72580, Puebla, CP, Mexico.
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45
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Kiely M, Tadount F, Lo E, Sadarangani M, Wei SQ, Rafferty E, Quach C, MacDonald SE. Sex differences in adverse events following seasonal influenza vaccines: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:791-801. [PMID: 37734937 PMCID: PMC10646905 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-220781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being a vaccine-preventable disease, influenza remains a major public health threat with vaccine safety concerns reducing vaccine acceptability. Immune responses to vaccines and adverse events may differ between males and females, but most studies do not report results by sex. Using data from clinical trials, we explored sex differences in adverse events following seasonal influenza vaccines. METHODS We obtained data for phase III randomised controlled trials identified through a systematic review and clinical trials registries, and performed a two-stage meta-analysis. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) comparing solicited reactions in females versus males were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method and a random-effects model. We used the ROBINS-I tool to assess risk of bias and the I2 statistic for heterogeneity. Main analysis was stratified by age: 18-64 years and ≥65 years. RESULTS The dataset for this analysis included 34 343 adults from 18 studies (12 with individual-level data and 6 with aggregate data). There was a higher risk of injection site reactions in females compared with males for both younger and older participants, with RRs of 1.29 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.37) and 1.43 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.60), respectively. Higher risk in females was also observed for systemic reactions, with RRs of 1.25 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.31) and 1.27 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.34) for younger and older participants, respectively. We also observed elevated risks of severe reactions in females, with a higher RR in younger versus older participants for systemic reactions (RRs 2.12 and 1.48, p=0.03, I2=79.7%). RRs were not found to vary between quadrivalent and trivalent vaccines. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested a higher risk of solicited reactions following influenza vaccines for females compared with males, irrespective of age and vaccine type. Transparent communication of this risk could increase the trust in vaccines and limit vaccine hesitancy. Future studies should report results stratified by sex and explore the role of gender in the occurrence of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilou Kiely
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, immunology & Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fazia Tadount
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ernest Lo
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University if British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shu Qin Wei
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Quach
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, immunology & Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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46
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Liang Y, Huang P. Associations of telomere length with risk of mortality from influenza and pneumonia in US adults: a prospective cohort study of NHANES 1999-2002. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:3115-3125. [PMID: 37962763 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, interest has arisen to realize the relationship between telomere length (TL) and influenza and pneumonia mortality. AIM Our study attempted to investigate this correlation by analyzing information gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. METHODS A total of 7229 participants were involved in the conducted research. We utilized Cox proportional risk model analysis to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for TL and influenza and pneumonia mortality. RESULTS During the average follow-up time of 204.10 ± 51.26 months, 33 (0.45%) participants died from influenza and pneumonia. After adjusting for multiple variables, shorter TL was associated with higher influenza-pneumonia mortality. In subgroup analyses stratified by sex, men exhibited stronger associations with influenza-pneumonia mortality than women (Model 1: HRmale: 0.014 vs HRfemale: 0.054; Model 2: HRmale: 0.082 vs HRfemale: 0.890; Model 3: HRmale: 0.072 vs HRfemale: 0.776). For subgroup analyses by visceral adiposity index (VAI), all statistically significant (P < 0.05) models displayed an inverse relationship between TL and influenza and pneumonia mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our research provides further proof for the connection between shorter telomeres and higher influenza-pneumonia mortality. Larger prospective researches are essential to support our results and explain the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshan Liang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, 510800, China.
| | - Peipei Huang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
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47
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Calabrò A, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Candore G. Sex and gender affect immune aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1272118. [PMID: 38088954 PMCID: PMC10715058 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1272118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The proposed review aims to elucidate the intricate interplay between biological factors (sex differences) and socially constructed factors (gender differences) in the context of immune aging. While the influence of biological differences between men and women on various aspects of immune responses has long been recognized, it is crucial to acknowledge that gender, encompassing the social and cultural roles and expectations associated with being male or female, also significantly shapes these processes. Gender can either accelerate immune aging or promote longevity. By recognizing the impact of both biological and social factors, this work seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of why men and women may experience divergent trajectories in immune aging and varying outcomes in terms of longevity. Discrepancies in perceived roles of the sexes, both within families and at work, contribute to differing patterns of antigen exposure. Additionally, variations in micronutrient intake and access to preventive healthcare facilities may exist. Health promotion knowledge often correlates with educational attainment, which is unequally represented between males and females in many cultures and across generations in the Western world. In countries without a universal healthcare system, access to healthcare relies on family prioritization strategies to cope with economic constraints, potentially limiting access to specific treatments and affecting immune responses negatively. As a result, both biological factors and social and behavioral factors associated with gender contribute to disparities in immune responses, susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and vaccine responses among older individuals. However, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, older females exhibit greater resilience to infections than older males. Given the crucial role of the immune system in achieving longevity, it is not surprising that women live longer than men, and the number of female centenarians surpasses that of male centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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48
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Niemann T, Joneleit J, Storm J, Nacke T, Wähnert D, Kaltschmidt C, Vordemvenne T, Kaltschmidt B. Analyzing Sex-Specific Dimorphism in Human Skeletal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2683. [PMID: 38067111 PMCID: PMC10705359 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-related differences are a current topic in contemporary science. In addition to hormonal regulation, cell-autonomous mechanisms are important in bone homeostasis and regeneration. In this study, human skeletal stem cells (SSCs) from female and male adults were cultured and analyzed with immunological assays and osteogenic differentiation assessments. Female SSCs exhibited a mean doubling time of 100.6 h, whereas male SSCs displayed a mean doubling time of 168.0 h. Immunophenotyping revealed the expression of the stem cell markers Nestin, CD133, and CD164, accompanied by the neural-crest marker SOX9. Furthermore, multiparameter flow cytometric analyses revealed a substantial population of multipotent SSCs, comprising up to 80% in both sexes. An analysis of the osteogenic differentiation potential demonstrated a strong mineralization in both male and female SSCs under physiological conditions. Recognizing the prevailing association of bone diseases with inflammatory processes, we also analyzed the osteogenic potential of SSCs from both sexes under pro-inflammatory conditions. Upon TNF-α and IL-1β treatment, we observed no sexual dimorphism on osteogenesis. In summary, we demonstrated the successful isolation and characterization of SSCs capable of rapid osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, in vitro cultured SSCs might be a suitable model to study sexual dimorphisms and develop drugs for degenerative bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Niemann
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
| | - Jonas Joneleit
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Jonathan Storm
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tom Nacke
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Dirk Wähnert
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Vordemvenne
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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49
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Jozwiak M, Doyen D, Denormandie P, Goury A, Marey J, Pène F, Cariou A, Mira JP, Dellamonica J, Nguyen LS. Impact of sex differences on cardiac injury in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Respir Res 2023; 24:292. [PMID: 37986157 PMCID: PMC10662091 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 infections are associated with accrued inflammatory responses which may result in cardiac injury. Immune response to infection appears different between men and women, suggesting that COVID-19 patients' outcomes may differ according to biological sex. However, the impact of biological sex on the occurrence of cardiac injury during intensive care unit (ICU) stay in COVID-19 patients remain unclear. METHODS In this multicenter and prospective study, we included consecutive patients admitted to ICU for severe COVID-19 pneumonia, during the first two pandemic waves. Biological, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic variables were collected on ICU admission. Cardiac injury was defined by increased troponin above 99th percentile of upper norm value and newly diagnosed ECG and/or echocardiographic abnormalities. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with cardiac injury during ICU stay according to biological sex. The impact of biological sex on other subsequent clinical outcomes was also evaluated. RESULTS We included 198 patients with a median age of 66 (56-73) years, 147 (74%) patients were men and 51 (26%) were women. Overall, 119 (60%) patients had cardiac injury during ICU stay and the proportion of patients with cardiac injury during ICU stay was not different between men and women (60% vs. 61%, p = 1.00). Patients with cardiac injury during ICU stay showed more cardiovascular risk factors and chronic cardiac disease and had a higher ICU mortality rate. On ICU admission, they had a more marked lymphopenia (0.70 (0.40-0.80) vs. 0.80 (0.50-1.10) × 109/L, p < 0.01) and inflammation (C-Reactive Protein (155 (88-246) vs. 111 (62-192) mg/L, p = 0.03); D-Dimers (1293 (709-2523) vs. 900 (560-1813) µg/L, p = 0.03)). Plasmatic levels of inflammatory biomarkers on ICU admission correlated with SAPS-2 and SOFA scores but not with the different echocardiographic variables. Multivariate analysis confirmed cardiovascular risk factors (OR = 2.31; 95%CI (1.06-5.02), p = 0.03) and chronic cardiac disease (OR = 8.58; 95%CI (1.01-73.17), p = 0.04) were independently associated with the occurrence of cardiac injury during ICU stay, whereas biological sex (OR = 0.88; 95%CI (0.42-1.84), p = 0.73) was not. Biological sex had no impact on the occurrence during ICU stay of other clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Most critically ill patients with COVID-19 were men and experienced cardiac injury during ICU stay. Nevertheless, biological sex had no impact on the occurrence of cardiac injury during ICU stay or on other clinical outcomes. Clinical trial registration NCT04335162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Jozwiak
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- UR2CA, Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
| | - Denis Doyen
- UR2CA, Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital L'Archet 1, 151 Rue Saint Antoine de Ginestière, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Denormandie
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Goury
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Rue du Général Koenig, 51092, Reims, France
| | - Jonathan Marey
- Unité de Soins Intensifs Pneumologiques, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Pène
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alain Cariou
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Mira
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean Dellamonica
- UR2CA, Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital L'Archet 1, 151 Rue Saint Antoine de Ginestière, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Lee S Nguyen
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
- Recherche et Innovation, Groupe hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré, Hartmann, 48Ter Bd Victor Hugo, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
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50
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Taks EJ, Moorlag SJ, Föhse K, Simonetti E, van der Gaast-de Jongh CE, van Werkhoven CH, Bonten MJ, Oever JT, de Jonge MI, van de Wijgert JH, Netea MG. The impact of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination on antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination. iScience 2023; 26:108062. [PMID: 37860692 PMCID: PMC10583058 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies showed that BCG vaccination improves antibody responses of subsequent vaccinations. Similarly, in older volunteers we found an increased IgG receptor-binding domain (RBD) concentration after SARS-CoV-2 infection if they were recently vaccinated with BCG. This study aims to assess the effect of BCG on the serum antibody concentrations induced by COVID-19 vaccination in a population of adults older than 60 years. Serum was collected from 1,555 participants of the BCG-CORONA-ELDERLY trial a year after BCG or placebo, and we analyzed the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentrations using a fluorescent-microsphere-based multiplex immunoassay. Individuals who received the full primary COVID-19 vaccination series before serum collection and did not test positive for SARS-CoV-2 between inclusion and serum collection were included in analyses (n = 945). We found that BCG vaccination before first COVID-19 vaccine (median 347 days [IQR 329-359]) did not significantly impact the IgG RBD concentration after COVID-19 vaccination in an older European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther J.M. Taks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Föhse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elles Simonetti
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christa E. van der Gaast-de Jongh
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H. van Werkhoven
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc J.M. Bonten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap ten Oever
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marien I. de Jonge
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Germany
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