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Raninen J, Livingston M, Landberg J, Ramstedt M. To drink or not to drink: A study of the association between rates of non-drinkers and per drinker mean alcohol consumption in the Swedish general population. Drug Alcohol Rev 2022; 41:1475-1483. [PMID: 35673799 PMCID: PMC9544777 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding how the mean consumption per drinker and rates of non-drinking interplay to form overall per capita alcohol consumption is imperative for our understanding of population drinking. The aim of the present study is to examine the association between rates of non-drinkers and per drinker mean alcohol consumption in the Swedish adult population and for different percentiles of drinkers. METHODS Data came from a monthly telephone survey of drinking habits in the Swedish adult population between 2002 and 2013. Alcohol consumption and non-drinking during the last 30 days were measured by beverage-specific quantity-frequency questions. Regression models estimated the association between the rate of non-drinkers and per drinker volume on annual data. Auto-regressive integrated moving average time-series models estimated the association on monthly data. RESULTS A significant (P < 0.01) negative association (-0.849) was found between the rate of non-drinkers and per drinker mean volume on annual data. A unit increase in non-drinking was associated with a decline of 0.85 cl of pure alcohol among drinkers. This finding was mirrored across all percentiles of consumption. The semi-log models found that a 1% unit increase in the rate of non-drinkers was followed by a 2% reduction in per drinker mean consumption. Auto-regressive integrated moving average time-series models verified these results. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS There is a significant association between the proportion of non-drinkers and the amount of drinking among drinkers. The theory of collectivity of drinking cultures should also include the non-drinking part of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Raninen
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, Unit of Social Work, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Livingston
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonas Landberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health Services, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Ramstedt
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health Services, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kraus L, Loy JK, Wilms N, Starker A. [Age-specific trends in risky drinking in Germany: collectivity or polarisation?]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:652-659. [PMID: 33978772 PMCID: PMC8187186 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Einleitung Nach der Collectivity-of-Drinking-Cultures-Theorie von Skog finden Veränderungen des Alkoholkonsums in allen Bevölkerungsgruppen und -schichten als parallele Verschiebungen statt. Ziele des vorliegenden Beitrags sind (1) die Darstellung zeitlicher Trends des riskanten Konsums und des episodischen Rauschtrinkens nach Altersgruppen und Geschlecht und (2) die Prüfung, ob die Trends in allen Altersgruppen parallel verlaufen („Kollektivität“) oder zwischen Altersgruppen divergieren („Polarisierung“). Methoden Datengrundlage sind 9 Erhebungen des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys (ESA) zwischen 1995 und 2018. Als Schwellenwert für riskanten Alkoholkonsum wurde ein täglicher Konsum von mehr als 12 g Reinalkohol bei Frauen beziehungsweise 24 g bei Männern herangezogen. Episodisches Rauschtrinken wurde als Konsum von 5 oder mehr Gläsern Alkohol (ca. 70 g Reinalkohol) an mindestens einem Tag in den letzten 30 Tagen definiert. Lineare Regressionen wurden für die Vorhersage des zeitlichen Effekts auf riskanten Konsum bzw. Rauschkonsum nach Altersgruppen (18–29, 30–39, 40–49 und 50–59 Jahre) und Geschlecht getrennt berechnet und auf Unterschiede geprüft. Ergebnisse Die Entwicklungen riskanten Alkoholkonsums nach Altersgruppen verlaufen bei Männern weitgehend parallel, bei Frauen gegenläufig. Die Trends des episodischen Rauschtrinken weisen bei beiden Geschlechtern keine parallele Entwicklung auf: Während in der jüngsten und ältesten Altersgruppe die Prävalenz im Zeitverlauf anstieg, sank sie in den übrigen Altersgruppen. Diskussion Vor dem Hintergrund einer generellen Abnahme spricht die Zunahme in den Trends risikoreichen Alkoholkonsums in bestimmten Gruppen für einen Ausbau verhaltenspräventiver Maßnahmen. Zur Fortsetzung der positiven Entwicklung und der Vermeidung einer Trendumkehr sollten zudem auf die Gesamtbevölkerung ausgerichtete Präventionsanstrengungen intensiviert werden, beispielsweise durch Erhöhung der Alkoholsteuer oder Reduktion der Verfügbarkeit von Alkohol. Zusatzmaterial online Zusätzliche Informationen sind in der Online-Version dieses Artikels (10.1007/s00103-021-03328-7) enthalten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Kraus
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Leopoldstr. 175, 80804, München, Deutschland. .,Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Schweden. .,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Ungarn.
| | - Johanna K Loy
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Leopoldstr. 175, 80804, München, Deutschland
| | - Nicolas Wilms
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Leopoldstr. 175, 80804, München, Deutschland
| | - Anne Starker
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
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Radaev V, Roshchina Y. Decline in alcohol consumption in Russia: Collectivity or polarisation? Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 40:481-488. [PMID: 33586817 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sales and survey data have shown a decline in alcohol consumption in Russia since 2007. This study examines whether this decline is consistent across lighter and heavier drinkers in line with the theory of the collectivity of drinking cultures. METHODS Data were collected through annual nationally representative surveys conducted between 2006 and 2018 of 33 109 individuals aged 18-85 years. We estimated generalised linear regression with Gamma distribution and used log alcohol volume consumed during the previous 30 days as the dependent variable for five percentile groups: heavy drinkers (95th), near heavy drinkers (90th), moderate drinkers (80th), light drinkers (60th for men and 70th for women) and non-drinkers. Dummy variables for years, percentile groups and their interactions were used as independent variables. The controls were age, education, income, body weight, marital status, household demographic structure, residence, ethnicity and regional climate. RESULTS Reductions in alcohol consumption were observed in all percentiles, but the scale of change was proportionally smaller among heavier drinkers than among lighter drinkers. However, consumption fell by a smaller amount among lighter drinkers than among heavier drinkers. Results of the regression analysis fit with the descriptive statistics. Interactions between the time period and the percentile groups were significant after 2010. Trends were similar for both sexes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Downward trends across percentiles were in the same direction but the magnitude of change varied. Obtained evidence fails to support a polarisation and points towards soft collectivity hypothesis in the reduction in drinking in Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Radaev
- Laboratory for Studies in Economic Sociology, Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yana Roshchina
- Laboratory for Studies in Economic Sociology, Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Raninen J, Livingston M. The theory of collectivity of drinking cultures: how alcohol became everyone's problem. Addiction 2020; 115:1773-1776. [PMID: 32196800 DOI: 10.1111/add.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Raninen
- CAN (Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs), Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Work, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Livingston
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden.,and Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Oldham M, Callinan S, Whitaker V, Fairbrother H, Curtis P, Meier P, Livingston M, Holmes J. The decline in youth drinking in England-is everyone drinking less? A quantile regression analysis. Addiction 2020; 115:230-238. [PMID: 31560404 PMCID: PMC7004203 DOI: 10.1111/add.14824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Youth alcohol consumption has declined significantly during the past 15 years in many high-income countries, which may have significant public health benefits. However, if the reductions in drinking occur mainly among lighter drinkers who are at lower risk, then rates of alcohol-related harm among young people today and adults in future may not fall in line with consumption. There is conflicting evidence from Swedish school studies, with some suggesting that all young people are drinking less, while others suggest that alcohol consumption among heavier drinkers may be stable or rising while average consumption declines. This paper extends the geographical focus of previous research and examines whether the decline in youth drinking is consistent across the consumption distribution in England. DESIGN Quantile regression of 15 waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data. SETTING England, 2001-16. PARTICIPANTS A total of 31 882 schoolchildren (50.7% male) aged 11-15 who responded to the Smoking Drinking and Drug Use among Young People surveys. MEASUREMENTS Past-week alcohol consumption in UK units at each fifth percentile of the consumption distribution. FINDINGS Reductions in alcohol consumption occurred at all percentiles of the consumption distribution analysed between 2001 and 2016, but the magnitude of the decline differed across percentiles. The decline in consumption at the 90th percentile [β = -0.21, confidence interval (CI) = -0.24, -0.18] was significantly larger than among either lighter drinkers at the 50th percentile (β = -0.02, CI = -0.02, -0.01) or heavier drinkers at the 95th percentile (β = -0.16, CI = -0.18, -0.13). CONCLUSIONS Alcohol consumption among young people in England appears to be declining across the consumption distribution, and peaks among heavy drinkers. The magnitude of this decline differs significantly between percentiles of the consumption distribution, with consumption falling proportionally less among the lightest, moderate and very heaviest youth drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Oldham
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Sarah Callinan
- Centre for Alcohol Policy ResearchLaTrobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | | | | | - Penny Curtis
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Petra Meier
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - John Holmes
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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Purshouse RC, Brennan A, Moyo D, Nicholls J, Norman P. Typology and Dynamics of Heavier Drinking Styles in Great Britain: 1978-2010. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:372-381. [PMID: 28430928 PMCID: PMC5397881 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agw105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify a typology of heavier drinking styles in Great Britain and to identify socio-demographic trends in the typology over the period 1978-2010. METHODS We applied multiple correspondence analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering to beverage-specific quantity-frequency measures of alcohol consumption in the repeated cross-sectional General Lifestyle Survey of Great Britain, 1978-2010. The cluster analysis focuses on the 60,043 adult respondents over this period reporting average drinking levels above the UK Government guidelines. We projected sex, age, income, education, socio-economic status and tobacco consumption variables onto the clusters to inspect socio-demographic trends in heavier drinking. RESULTS We identified four stable clusters of heavier drinking: (a) high volume beer; (b) beer and spirit combination; (c) all beverage and (d) wine and spirit only. The socio-demographic characteristics of the clusters were distinct from both each other and the general population. However, all clusters had higher median incomes and higher smoking rates than the population. Increases in the prevalence of heavier drinking were driven by a 5-fold increase in the contribution of the female-dominated, wine and spirit only cluster. CONCLUSIONS Recent changes in per capita alcohol consumption in Great Britain occurred within the context of a stable typology of heavier drinking styles and shifting socio-demographics. Identifying these trends is essential to better understand how drinking cultures develop over time and where potentially problematic drinking styles may emerge. Our findings suggest that careful attention to patterns and cultures of consumption is more important than relying on headline consumption data, for both understanding drinking behaviours and targeting interventions. SHORT SUMMARY This analysis of alcohol consumption survey data identifies four styles of heavier drinking in Great Britain, which remain unchanged over the period 1978-2010. The socio-demographic characteristics of the drinking styles are distinct from both each other and the general population, with increased participation of female and older drinkers over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin C. Purshouse
- Department of Automatic Control & Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Alan Brennan
- School of Health & Related Research, University of Sheffield, 30 Regent Court, Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Daniel Moyo
- Department of Automatic Control & Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - James Nicholls
- Alcohol Research UK, 83 Victoria Street, London, SW1H 0HW, UK
- Faculty of Public Health Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Paul Norman
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Cathedral Court, 1 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 2LT, UK
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Zeebari Z, Lundin A, Dickman PW, Hallgren M. Are Changes in Alcohol Consumption Among Swedish Youth Really Occurring ‘in Concert’? A New Perspective Using Quantile Regression. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:487-495. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Poikolainen K. Does the Tail Wag the Dog? Abstainers, Alcohol Dependence, Heavy Episodic Drinkers and Total Alcohol Consumption. Alcohol Alcohol 2016; 52:80-83. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jackson N, Denny S, Sheridan J, Fleming T, Clark T, Peiris-John R, Ameratunga S. Uneven reductions in high school students' alcohol use from 2007 to 2012 by age, sex, and socioeconomic strata. Subst Abus 2016; 38:69-76. [DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2016.1252827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Jackson
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Denny
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Janie Sheridan
- School of Pharmacy and Centre for Addiction Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Terry Fleming
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Terryann Clark
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Roshini Peiris-John
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shanthi Ameratunga
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Gomes de Matos E, Kraus L, Pabst A, Piontek D. Does a Change Over All Equal a Change in All? Testing for Polarized Alcohol Use Within and Across Socio-Economic Groups in Germany. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 50:700-7. [PMID: 26037371 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at testing whether drinking volume and episodic heavy drinking (EHD) frequency in Germany are polarizing between consumption levels over time. Polarization is defined as a reduction in alcohol use among the majority of the population, while a subpopulation with a high intake level maintains or increases its drinking or its EHD frequency. The polarization hypothesis was tested across and within socio-economic subgroups. METHOD Analyses were based on seven cross-sectional waves of the Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) conducted between 1995 and 2012 (n = 7833-9084). Overall polarization was estimated based on regression models with time by consumption level interactions; the three-way interaction with socio-economic status (SES) was consecutively introduced to test the stability of effects over socio-economic strata. Interactions were interpreted by graphical inspection. RESULTS For both alcohol use indicators, declines over time were largest in the highest consumption level. This was found within all SES groups, but was most pronounced at low and least pronounced at medium SES. CONCLUSION The results indicate no polarization but convergence between consumption levels. Socio-economic status groups differ in the magnitude of convergence which was lowest in medium SES. The overall decline was strongest for the highest consumption level of low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ludwig Kraus
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich, Germany Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Pabst
- IBMI Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
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