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Guler T, Kulhas Celik I, Ergani AC, Gumus M, Emiroglu HH, Artac H. Gastrointestinal system involvement in patients with primary immunodeficiency: a single center experience. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:1130-1136. [PMID: 39007903 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2374395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a heterogeneous disorder group characterized by an impaired immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections and a wide range of clinical manifestations, including gastrointestinal (GI) complications. This study aimed to assess the GI manifestations of PID patients and highlight the significance of atypical gastrointestinal symptoms in the early diagnosis of these patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric patients diagnosed with PIDs at Selcuk University Medical Faculty from 2011 to 2021. The study focused on demographic data, clinical presentation, genetic mutations, and GI manifestations, including endoscopic evaluation. Patients were categorized according to the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) PID classifications. Statistical analyses were performed to identify significant associations between PID types and GI manifestations. RESULTS The cohort comprised 101 patients, with 46% presenting with GI symptoms, including malnutrition and chronic diarrhea, as the most common findings. Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) emerged as the most prevalent PID with GI involvement, followed by combined immunodeficiencies (CID) with associated or syndromic features. Endoscopic evaluations revealed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like colitis in a significant subgroup of patients. The analysis showed that some GI symptoms were more common in specific PID categories, highlighting the importance of early gastroenterological assessment in PID patients. CONCLUSION Recognition of common GI symptoms in pediatric patients with PIDs may facilitate early diagnosis and prompt multidisciplinary management, potentially improving patient outcomes. The study highlights the necessity of considering PIDs in diagnosing persistent or severe GI symptoms in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Guler
- Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Kulhas Celik
- Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey
| | - Anna Carina Ergani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gumus
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Halil Haldun Emiroglu
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hasibe Artac
- Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey
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Jiang X, Li L. Decidual macrophage: a reversible role in immunotolerance between mother and fetus during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1735-1744. [PMID: 38329548 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The tolerance of the semi-allogeneic fetus by the maternal immune system is an eternal topic of reproductive immunology for ensuring a satisfactory outcome. The maternal-fetal interface serves as a direct portal for communication between the fetus and the mother. It is composed of placental villi trophoblast cells, decidual immune cells, and stromal cells. Decidual immune cells engage in maintaining the homeostasis of the maternal-fetal interface microenvironment. Furthermore, growing evidence has shown that decidual macrophages play a crucial role in maternal-fetal tolerance during pregnancy. As the second largest cell population among decidual immune cells, decidual macrophages are divided into two subtypes: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). M2 polarization is critical for placentation and embryonic development. Cytokines, exosomes, and metabolites regulate the polarization of decidual macrophages, and thereby modulate maternal-fetal immunotolerance. Explore the initial relationship between decidual macrophages polarization and maternal-fetal immunotolerance will help diagnose and treat the relevant pregnancy diseases, reverse the undesirable outcomes of mothers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Jiang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, 250021.
- The Laboratory of Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center (Institute of Translational Medicine), Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) of China, Jinan, China, No. 6699, Qingdao Road, Huaiyin District, 250117.
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Zeng J, Lin Z, Tang J, Chen X, Huang K, Gan F. The role of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in non-cytotoxic concentrations of DON-induced aggravation of inflammatory response in IL-10 deficient RAW264.7 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114557. [PMID: 38432439 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) as a mycotoxin was commonly found in food and cereals which can affect immune function and inflammatory response. The majority of foods contain DON at levels below the official limit. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-cytotoxic concentration of DON on inflammation and its mechanisms using the IL-10 gene-silenced RAW264.7 cell model. The results showed that a non-cytotoxic concentration of DON at 25 ng/ml aggravated IL-10 knockdown-induced inflammation, which was manifested by increasing IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression, migration and phagocytosis, decreasing IL-10 mRNA expression, and enhancing JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation. Adding JAK2 inhibitor AG490 attenuated the aggravating effect of DON on IL-10 knockdown-induced inflammation. In conclusion, a non-cytotoxic concentration of DON enhances the inflammatory response through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway when inflammation occurs in the body. These results indicated that non-cytotoxic concentrations of DON could aggravate inflammation when inflammation was induced by IL-10 knockdown, which increases vigilance against DON contamination at low concentration especially when an animal's body has inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziman Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiangyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhao Y, Wang H, Jin L, Zhang Z, Liu L, Zhou M, Zhang X, Zhang L. Targeting fusion proteins of the interleukin family: A promising new strategy for the treatment of autoinflammatory diseases. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106647. [PMID: 37984595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
As a means of communication between immune cells and non-immune cells, Interleukins (ILs) has the main functions of stimulating the proliferation and activation of inflammatory immune cells such as dendritic cells and lymphocytes, promote the development of blood cells and so on. However, dysregulation of ILs expression is a major feature of autoinflammatory diseases. The drugs targeting ILs or IL-like biologics have played an important role in the clinical treatment of autoinflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the widespread use of IL products may result in significant off-target adverse reactions. Thus, there is a clear need to develop next-generation ILs products in the biomedical field. Fusion proteins are proteins created through the joining of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins. Over the last 30 years, there has been increasing interest in the use of fusion protein technology for developing anti-inflammatory drugs. In comparison to single-target drugs, fusion proteins, as multiple targets drugs, have the ability to enhance the cytokine therapeutic index, resulting in improved efficacy over classical drugs. The strategy of preparing ILs or their receptors as fusion proteins is increasingly used in the treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammation. This review focuses on the efficacy of several fusion protein drugs developed with ILs or their receptors in the treatment of autoinflammatory diseases, in order to illustrate the prospects of this new technology as an anti-inflammatory drug development protocol in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lianghu Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xianzheng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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da Silva ES, de Santana MBR, Silveira EF, Torres RT, Silva RC, Fernandes AMS, Belitardo EMMDA, Garcés LFS, Santiago LF, Urrego JR, Vilas-Bôas DS, de Freitas LAR, Zakzuk J, Pacheco LGC, Cruz ÁA, Ferreira F, Cooper P, Caraballo L, Pinheiro CDS, Alcantara-Neves NM. The hybrid protein BTH2 suppresses allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of HDM-specific immunotherapy. Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:821-832. [PMID: 36779555 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment approach to change disease-causing allergens. Hypoallergenic derivatives show promise as potential therapeutics, amongst which BTH2 was designed to induce tolerance against Blomia tropicalis allergy. Our aim was to investigate the hypoallergenicity and immunoregulatory activity of BTH2 in vitro and its therapeutic potential in a mouse model of AIT. METHODS Recombinant Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 allergens and their hybrid derivatives (BTH1 and BTH2) were expressed and purified. IgE binding capacity was tested by ELISA using sera from Brazilian, Colombian, and Ecuadorian subjects. Secretion of cytokines in supernatants from human cell cultures was measured following stimulation with the four recombinants and controls. The capacity of BTH2 to ameliorate allergic airway inflammation induced by B. tropicalis extract was evaluated in a murine model of AIT. RESULTS rBlo t 5 and rBlo t 21 were identified as major allergens in Latin American patients, and BTH2 had the lowest IgE binding. In vitro stimulation of human cells induced greater levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ and reduced the secretion of Th2 cytokines. BTH2 ameliorated allergic airway inflammation in B. tropicalis-challenged A/J mice, as evidenced by the histopathological and humoral biomarkers: decreased Th2 cytokines and cellular infiltration (especially eosinophils), lower activity of eosinophil peroxidase, an increase in IgG blocking antibodies and strong reduction of mucus production by goblet cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that BTH2 represents a promising candidate for the treatment of B. tropicalis allergy with hypoallergenic, immune regulatory and therapeutic properties. Further pre-clinical studies are required in murine models of chronic asthma to further address the efficacy and safety of BTH2 as a vaccine against B. tropicalis-induced allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Marina Borges Rabelo de Santana
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Elisânia Fontes Silveira
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rogério Tanan Torres
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Raphael Chagas Silva
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Emília Maria Medeiros de Andrade Belitardo
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FioCruz), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Luis Fabián Salazar Garcés
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - Leonardo Freire Santiago
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Deise Souza Vilas-Bôas
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratory of Histotechnology, Department of Biomorphology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Rodrigues de Freitas
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FioCruz), Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josefina Zakzuk
- Institute of Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Luis Gustavo Carvalho Pacheco
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Philip Cooper
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
- School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute of Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Carina da Silva Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Alcantara-Neves
- Laboratory of Allergology and Acarology (LAA), Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Maceió, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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