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Featherston T, Paumann-Page M, Hampton MB. Melanoma redox biology and the emergence of drug resistance. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 162:145-171. [PMID: 39069368 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, with the loss of approximately 60,000 lives world-wide each year. Despite the development of targeted therapeutics, including compounds that have selectivity for mutant oncoproteins expressed only in cancer cells, many patients are either unresponsive to initial therapy or their tumors acquire resistance. This results in five-year survival rates of below 25%. New strategies that either kill drug-resistant melanoma cells or prevent their emergence would be extremely valuable. Melanoma, like other cancers, has long been described as being under increased oxidative stress, resulting in an increased reliance on antioxidant defense systems. Changes in redox homeostasis are most apparent during metastasis and during the metabolic reprogramming associated with the development of treatment resistance. This review discusses oxidative stress in melanoma, with a particular focus on targeting antioxidant pathways to limit the emergence of drug resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Featherston
- Mātai Hāora-Centre for Redox Biology and Medicine, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martina Paumann-Page
- Mātai Hāora-Centre for Redox Biology and Medicine, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Mark B Hampton
- Mātai Hāora-Centre for Redox Biology and Medicine, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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2
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de Menezes JN, Arra DASM, Lôbo MM, Pinto CAL, Lima JPSN, Silva MJB, Duprat Neto JP, Bertolli E. Recurrence Patterns and Clinical Management after a Positive Sentinel Node Biopsy in Melanoma Patients. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:830-836. [PMID: 37962565 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2023.2283459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction melanoma patients who become stage III after a positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB) may have several patterns of recurrence patients and methods retrospective analysis of melanoma patients who have undergone SNB in a single institution from 2000 to 2015. Results There were 111 recurrences (45.1%) among 246 (20.3%) SNB positive patients and median DRFS was 77.7 months. After initial treatment, further recurrences occurred in 68 (77.3%) patients, regardless the site of initial recurrence conclusions multimodal strategies are recommended to achieve better results when managing stage III melanoma patients after a positive SNB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dante A S M Arra
- Surgical Oncology Residence Program, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus M Lôbo
- Skin Cancer Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - João P Duprat Neto
- Skin Cancer Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bertolli
- Skin Cancer Department, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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3
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Wong J, Moore J, Soyer HP, Mar V, Smithers BM. Trends and patterns of care of sentinel node biopsy in cutaneous melanoma: a population-based study in Queensland. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2172-2179. [PMID: 36972255 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has evolved from offering staging and prognostication to a procedure that guides therapeutic management. The aim was to evaluate the rate of SNB for patients with high-risk melanoma and assess factors that may have impacted on the procedure being performed. METHODS Data of patients with primary invasive cutaneous melanoma from 01 January 2009 to 31 December 2019 were obtained from the Queensland Oncology Repository. High-risk melanoma was defined as ≥0.8 mm thick or < 0.8 mm with ulceration present (AJCC eighth edition pT1b -pT4 ). RESULTS 14 006 (33.8%) of 41 412 patients diagnosed with cutaneous invasive melanoma were in the high-risk group. 2923(20.9%) patients had SNB, with the rate increasing from 14.2% (2009) to 36.8% (2019) (P = 0.002), and an increasing proportion being performed in public hospitals over the 11 year period (P = 0.02). Older age (OR0.96 (0.959-0.964) (P < 0.001)), female (OR0.91 (0.830-0.998) (P = 0.03)), head and neck primary (OR0.38 (0.33-0.45) (P < 0.001)), and pT1b (OR0.22 (0.19-0.25) (P < 0.001)) were factors associated with SNB not being performed. Travel out of the Hospital and Health Services of residence for SNB occurred in 26.2%. Although the travel rate decreased from 24.7% (2009) to 23.0% (2019) (P = 0.04), the absolute number increased due to the increase in SNB rate. Those most likely to travel were younger, from remote areas, or from affluent backgrounds. CONCLUSION In this first Australian population-based study, there was an increased adherence to SNB guideline, although overall SLNB rates remain low, with nearly 2/3 of eligible cases not having the procedure in 2019. Although travel rates decreased marginally, the overall number increased. This study highlights the crucial need to further improve access to SNB for melanoma surgery for the Queensland population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wong
- Queensland Melanoma Project, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Academy of Surgery, The University of Queensland, Medical School, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Moore
- Cancer Alliance Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - H Peter Soyer
- Frazer Institute, Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Victoria Mar
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Queensland, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Mark Smithers
- Queensland Melanoma Project, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Academy of Surgery, The University of Queensland, Medical School, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Cancer Alliance Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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4
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Smithers BM. Quality indicators in surgery for cancer: not just the operation. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:1765-1767. [PMID: 37232501 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Mark Smithers
- Academy of Surgery, Upper GI/Soft Tissue Unit, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Bhave P, Wong J, McInerney-Leo A, Cust AE, Lawn C, Janda M, Mar VJ. Management of cutaneous melanoma in Australia: a narrative review. Med J Aust 2023; 218:426-431. [PMID: 37120760 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Bhave
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC
- Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC
| | | | - Aideen McInerney-Leo
- Dermatology Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer Immunology and Metabolic Medicine, Brisbane, QLD
- Australian Centre of Excellence in Melanoma Imaging, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Anne E Cust
- Australian Centre of Excellence in Melanoma Imaging, Brisbane, QLD
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW
| | - Craig Lawn
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW
- Centre of Excellence in Melanoma Imaging, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Monika Janda
- Centre for Health Services Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Victoria J Mar
- Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC
- Monash University, Melbourne, VIC
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6
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Oloruntoba AI, Rodrigues M. Bridging the gap in skin cancer research for Australians with skin of colour. Med J Aust 2023; 218:148-149. [PMID: 36774553 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayooluwatomiwa I Oloruntoba
- Monash University, Melbourne, VIC.,Monash Medical Artificial Intelligence Group, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC
| | - Michelle Rodrigues
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC.,Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC.,Chroma Dermatology, Pigment and Skin of Colour Centre, Melbourne, VIC
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7
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Watts C, Spillane A, Henderson MA, Cust A, Braithwaite J, Gyorki DE, Hong AM, Kelly JW, Long GV, Mar VJ, Menzies AM, Morton RL, Rapport F, Saw RPM, Schmid H, Scolyer RA, Smith AL, Winder A, Mann GJ. Sentinel lymph node biopsy rates in Victoria, 2018 and 2019. Med J Aust 2022. [DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Watts
- Daffodil Centre University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW Sydney NSW
- The Kirby Institute UNSW Sydney NSW
| | - Andrew Spillane
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney NSW
- Mater Hospital Sydney NSW
| | - Michael A Henderson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC
- The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC
| | - Anne Cust
- Daffodil Centre University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW Sydney NSW
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
| | - J Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation Macquarie University Sydney NSW
| | - DE Gyorki
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne VIC
| | - AM Hong
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
| | - JW Kelly
- Victorian Melanoma Service Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC
| | - GV Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney NSW
- Mater Hospital Sydney NSW
| | - VJ Mar
- Victorian Melanoma Service Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC
| | - AM Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney NSW
- Mater Hospital Sydney NSW
| | - RL Morton
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre University of Sydney Sydney NSW
| | - F Rapport
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation Macquarie University Sydney NSW
| | - RPM Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Mater Hospital Sydney NSW
| | - H Schmid
- Daffodil Centre University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW Sydney NSW
| | - RA Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and New South Wales Health Pathology Sydney NSW
| | - AL Smith
- Daffodil Centre University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW Sydney NSW
| | - A Winder
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
| | - GJ Mann
- Melanoma Institute Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT
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8
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Howle JR, Varey AHR, Carlino MS. Melanoma management in the 21st century: a change in paradigm. ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:2557-2558. [PMID: 34913561 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie R Howle
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander H R Varey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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