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Pan F, Du H, Tian W, Xie H, Zhang B, Fu W, Li Y, Ling Y, Zhang Y, Fang F, Liu Y. Effect of GnRH immunocastration on immune function in male rats. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1023104. [PMID: 36713429 PMCID: PMC9880316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to reveal the effects of immunocastration on the development of the immune system in rats. Seventy rats were randomly assigned into two groups: Control (n = 35) and immunized (n = 35). Twenty-day-old rats were immunized with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and booster immunization was administered every two weeks (three immunizations in total). From 20-day-old rats, we collected samples every two weeks, including five immunized rats and five control rats (seven collections in total). We collected blood samples, testicles, thymuses, and spleens. The results showed that GnRH immunization increased the GnRH antibody titers and reduced the testosterone concentration (both P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the number of CD4+CD8- cells, CD4-CD8+ cells, and CD4+CD8+ cells increased (P < 0.05) whereas the number of CD4-CD8- cells and CD4+CD25+ cells reduced in the immunized group (P < 0.05) over time. GnRH immunization also increased the relative weights of thymus and spleen (P < 0.05), serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) over time (P < 0.05), and changed the mRNA levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6. IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, CD4, D8, CD19 GnRH, and GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) in thymus and spleen. Thus, GnRH immunization enhanced the immune markers in thymus, spleen, and blood immune cytokines in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Pan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiting Du
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiguo Tian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huihui Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bochao Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanzhen Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Linquan County Modern Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Linquan County Modern Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Linquan County Modern Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Fugui Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Linquan County Modern Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Ya Liu, ; Fugui Fang,
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Linquan County Modern Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Ya Liu, ; Fugui Fang,
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Naz RK, Saver AE. Immunocontraception for Animals: Current Status and Future Perspective. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 75:426-39. [PMID: 26412331 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An alternative to surgical sterilization for fertility control of animals (wild, zoo, farm, and domestic) is needed to prevent problems related to overpopulation, including culling and relocation. A PubMed and Google Scholar database search was conducted using the keywords 'contraceptive vaccine animals,' 'immunocontraception animals,' 'non-surgical sterilization animals,' 'PZP vaccine,' and 'GnRH vaccine.' The searches from 1972 to 2015 yielded over 1500 publications. These articles were read, and 375 were selected for detailed analysis. Articles referenced in these publications were also thoroughly examined. PZP and GnRH contraceptive vaccines (CVs) have been extensively investigated for fertility control of wild, zoo, farm, and domestic animal populations. Both vaccines have shown tremendous success with PZP vaccines taking the lead. Novel technologies and targets are being developed to improve existing vaccines and generate second-generation CVs. Single-shot vaccines, which can be delivered remotely, will greatly advance the field of immunocontraception for animal use with potential human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Naz
- Reproductive Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ashley E Saver
- Reproductive Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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