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Gressler LT, Centenaro JR, Braz PH, Costa SZR, Battisti EK, Gressler LT, Finamor IA, Sutili FJ. Influence of dietary bitter orange peel powder on growth, body composition, blood parameters, gut morphometry, and thermal tolerance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01383-w. [PMID: 39031275 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The potential of bitter orange peel powder (BOPP) as a nutritional strategy for fish was investigated in Nile tilapia. A total of 120 juveniles with an average initial weight of 9.8 ± 0.7 g were divided into four groups, replicated three times, resulting in 12 experimental units (60 L each) at a stocking density of 1.63 g of fish per liter. Productive parameters, whole-body composition, blood biochemistry, erythroid morphometry, intestinal histology, and heat tolerance were assessed in the juveniles subjected to one of the following treatments: non-supplemented basal diet (control group); basal diet with BOPP at 10 g/kg (BOPP10 group); basal diet with BOPP at 20 g/kg (BOPP20 group); and basal diet with BOPP at 40 g/kg (BOPP40 group). The BOPP additive had a positive influence on Nile tilapia growth, as final weight and weight gain were greater in all BOPP-treated fish, despite the reduction in crude protein in BOPP10 and BOPP20 groups. Fish receiving BOPP40 had an increase in total lipids and showed the highest levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. Villi development was greater in the tilapia given BOPP10. It may be concluded that BOPP presented the most promising results for Nile tilapia juveniles when used at 10 g/kg diet. Regarding the erythroid morphometry, there was a general increase in nuclear and cytoplasmic areas in BOPP-fed tilapia; this seems to be the first report on the direct impact of the inclusion of functional additives in fish diet upon such parameters. As concerns the thermal tolerance evaluated at the end of the feeding trial, no differences were registered among the experimental groups. Thus, BOPP represents a feasible alternative ingredient to be explored in fish nutrition, since orange peel is a natural low-cost source of essential nutrients and valuable bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Tourem Gressler
- ELOAQUA Consulting, Research and Solutions in Aquaculture, Linha Faguense S/N, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil.
| | - João Rogério Centenaro
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil
| | | | - Samay Zillmann Rocha Costa
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Kelm Battisti
- ELOAQUA Consulting, Research and Solutions in Aquaculture, Linha Faguense S/N, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Leticia Trevisan Gressler
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Isabela Andres Finamor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Jonas Sutili
- ELOAQUA Consulting, Research and Solutions in Aquaculture, Linha Faguense S/N, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil.
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Chew XZ, Gibson-Kueh S. The haematology of clinically healthy, farmed juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch)-reference intervals, and indicators of subclinical disease. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:1109-1124. [PMID: 37452465 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This study establishes the blood reference intervals (RIs) for clinically healthy and farmed juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), within 4-6 weeks after stocking into flow-through, marine aquaculture systems. The 90% percentile RIs (n = 156, mean bodyweight 41.8 g) are as follows: glucose (GLU) 2.4-11.3 mmol/L, haematocrit (Hct) 18.9%-39.2%, haemoglobin concentration (Hb) 56.0-85.0 g/L, total plasma protein (TPP) 56.0-77.0 g/L, total red blood cell (RBC) count 4.1-11.2 × 1012 /L, total white blood cell (WBC) count 5.3-69.9 × 109 /L, total lymphocytes 4.7-51.4 × 109 /L, monocytes 0.3-16.2 × 109 /L and heterophils count 0.6-8.4 × 109 /L. Pearson's method analysis showed weak but significantly positive correlations between fish bodyweight and Hct, Hb, TPP and total RBC count (p < 0.05). Histopathology of 42 of the 156 clinically healthy fish used to derive the RIs, with blood values within the 90% percentile range, did not exhibit any abnormal pathology. In contrast, histopathology from a different group of clinically healthy L. calcarifer (n = 72, mean bodyweight 31.3 g) with blood values falling outside of these established 90% percentile RIs showed that 25% of these fish had severe, chronic granulomatous enteritis, and 13% had severely depleted lipid stores in their liver. Point biserial correlation analysis of blood values from this second group of 72 fish showed that elevated total WBC, monocyte and heterophil counts and reduced Hct levels are significantly associated (p < 0.05) with the occurrence of severe, chronic granulomatous enteritis and depleted lipid stores in their liver. Reduced blood GLU and TPP levels in the second group of fish were significantly associated with fish that had depleted lipid stores in liver (p < 0.05), corroborating a period of malnutrition. This study is among the first to establish blood RIs for clinically healthy, farmed juvenile L. calcarifer and detection of subclinical diseases in fish to support early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhe Chew
- James Cook University Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Susan Gibson-Kueh
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University, Singapore City, Singapore
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Kostić-Vuković J, Kolarević S, Sunjog K, Subotić S, Višnjić-Jeftić Ž, Rašković B, Poleksić V, Vuković-Gačić B, Lenhardt M. Combined use of biomarkers to assess the impact of untreated wastewater from the Danube River, Serbia. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023:10.1007/s10646-023-02663-6. [PMID: 37193873 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study a battery of bioassays, both in vivo (metals and metalloids concentrations, erythrocyte morphometry, comet assay, micronucleus assay, and histopathological analyses) on vimba bream Vimba vimba (L., 1758) and white bream Blicca bjoerkna (L., 1758), and in vitro (treatment of HepG2 cells with native water samples) was applied to assess the harmful potential of untreated wastewater. Faecal indicator bacteria were quantified to assess the microbiological water quality. Vimba bream had significantly higher Fe concentrations in both liver and muscle, while white bream had higher Ca and Cu concentrations in liver. Vimba bream had a significantly higher level of DNA damage in both liver and blood cells, in comparison to white bream. Low levels of micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities were observed in both species. Erythrocytes morphometry did not show significant interspecific differences. Histopathological analyses revealed a similar response of the studied species, with a significantly higher presence of ceroid pigments in the liver of vimba bream. Treatment of HepG2 cells revealed the high genotoxic potential of water downstream of the discharge point. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the importance of effect-based monitoring, in order to enforce more efficient management of natural resources and implementation of wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Kostić-Vuković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Srđan Subotić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Animal Ecology and Zoogeography, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Željka Višnjić-Jeftić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Božidar Rašković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Porto, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vesna Poleksić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Lenhardt
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
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Penman Z, Deeming DC, Soulsbury CD. Ecological and life-history correlates of erythrocyte size and shape in Lepidosauria. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:708-718. [PMID: 35384114 PMCID: PMC9322653 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Blood oxygen-carrying capacity is shaped both by the ambient oxygen availability as well as species-specific oxygen demand. Erythrocytes are a critical part of oxygen transport and both their size and shape can change in relation to species-specific life-history, behavioural or ecological conditions. Here, we test whether components of the environment (altitude), life history (reproductive mode, body temperature) and behaviour (diving, foraging mode) drive erythrocyte size variation in the Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes and rhynchocephalians). We collected data on erythrocyte size (area) and shape (L/W: elongation ratio) from Lepidosauria across the globe (N = 235 species). Our analyses show the importance of oxygen requirements as a driver of erythrocyte size. Smaller erythrocytes were associated with the need for faster delivery (active foragers, high-altitude species, warmer body temperatures), whereas species with greater oxygen demands (diving species, viviparous species) had larger erythrocytes. Erythrocyte size shows considerable cross-species variation, with a range of factors linked to the oxygen delivery requirements being major drivers of these differences. A key future aspect for study would include within-individual plasticity and how changing states, for example, pregnancy, perhaps alter the size and shape of erythrocytes in Lepidosaurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Penman
- School of Life Sciences and Environmental SciencesUniversity of LincolnLincolnUK
| | - D. Charles Deeming
- School of Life Sciences and Environmental SciencesUniversity of LincolnLincolnUK
| | - Carl D. Soulsbury
- School of Life Sciences and Environmental SciencesUniversity of LincolnLincolnUK
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Acclimation to warmer temperature reversibly improves high-temperature hypoxia tolerance in both diploid and triploid brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 264:111099. [PMID: 34718146 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rising temperature leads to reduced oxygen solubility and therefore increases the risk of exposure to harmful hypoxic condition for fish in their natural aquatic environments and in aquaculture. The goal of this study was to determine whether acclimation to warmer temperature can improve high-temperature hypoxia tolerance in fish, using sibling diploid and triploid brook charr as the experimental model. Triploid fish are used for aquaculture and fisheries management because they are sterile, but they are known to have reduced thermal and hypoxia tolerance compared to conventional diploids. Fish were pre-acclimated to either 15 °C (optimum temperature for diploids) or 18 °C and then assessed for high-temperature hypoxia tolerance by rapidly increasing temperature to pre-determined levels (up to 30 °C), holding fish at these temperatures for one hour, and then using compressed nitrogen to drive oxygen out of the water. Hypoxia tolerance was expressed as both the oxygen tension at loss of equilibrium and the time taken to reach this endpoint following the start of the trial. Acclimation to 18 °C improved hypoxia tolerance at high temperatures but this advantage was lost after reacclimation to 15 °C. Although 18 °C acclimation improved the hypoxia tolerance of triploids, it remained inferior to that of diploids under identical test conditions. Somatic energy reserves (estimated as condition factor and hepatosomatic index), cardiac output (relative ventricular mass) and oxygen carrying capacity of the blood (hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit) did not markedly affect high-temperature hypoxia tolerance.
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Sapozhnikova YP, Koroleva AG, Yakhnenko VM, Tyagun ML, Glyzina OY, Coffin AB, Makarov MM, Shagun AN, Kulikov VA, Gasarov PV, Kirilchik SV, Klimenkov IV, Sudakov NP, Anoshko PN, Kurashova NA, Sukhanova LV. Molecular and cellular responses to long-term sound exposure in peled (Coregonus peled). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 148:895. [PMID: 32873010 DOI: 10.1121/10.0001674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research examined the impacts of acoustic stress in peled (Coregonus peled Gmelin, 1788), a species commonly cultivated in Russia. This study presents a comparative analysis of the macula sacculi and otoliths, as well as primary hematological and secondary telomere stress responses, in control and sound-exposed peled. The authors measured the effects of long-term (up to 18 days) exposure to a 300 Hz tone at mean sound pressure levels of 176-186 dB re 1 μPa (SPLpk-pk); the frequency and intensity were selected to approximate loud acoustic environments associated with cleaning equipment in aquaculture settings. Acoustic exposure resulted in ultrastructure changes to otoliths, morphological damage to sensory hair cells of the macula sacculi, and a gradual decrease in the number of functionally active mitochondria in the red blood cells but no changes to telomeres. Changes were apparent following at least ten days of acoustic exposure. These data suggest that acoustic exposure found in some aquaculture settings could cause stress responses and auditory damage to peled and, potentially, other commercially important species. Reducing sound levels in fish rearing facilities could contribute to the formation of effective aquaculture practices that mitigate noise-induced stress in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia P Sapozhnikova
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Anastasia G Koroleva
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Vera M Yakhnenko
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Marina L Tyagun
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Glyzina
- Experimental Hydrobiology Group, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Allison B Coffin
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University Vancouver, 14204 Northeast Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, Washington 98686, USA
| | - Mikhail M Makarov
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Environmental and Economic Research and Technology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Artem N Shagun
- Laboratory of General and Engineering Seismology and Seismogeology, Institute of the Earth's Crust Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 128 Lermontova Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Viktor A Kulikov
- Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Nobel Street, Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Polikarp V Gasarov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Cell Biology, and Genetics, Irkutsk State University, 1 K. Marksa Street, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
| | - Sergey V Kirilchik
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Igor V Klimenkov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Sudakov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Pavel N Anoshko
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Environmental and Economic Research and Technology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Nadezhda A Kurashova
- Scientific Center of Family Health Problems and Human Reproduction, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
| | - Lyubov V Sukhanova
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
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