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Le Luyer M, Boll ME, Lemmers SAM, Stoll SJ, Hoffnagle AG, Smith ADAC, Dunn EC. How well do parents identify their child's baby teeth? Engagement and accuracy of parent-reported information on a tooth checklist survey. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:731-738. [PMID: 38680025 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Naturally exfoliated primary teeth are being increasingly collected in child development studies. Most of these odontological collections and tooth biobanks use parent-reported information from questionnaires or tooth checklists to collect data on offspring teeth. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have assessed parental engagement in tooth checklists, nor parental accuracy in identifying their child's baby tooth. This study aimed to evaluate these dimensions by analysing data from the about this tooth checklist returned with donated primary teeth in a natural experimental study called STRONG (the Stories Teeth Record of Newborn Growth). METHODS Parental self-reported information were analysed on checklists returned with 825 primary teeth belonging to 199 children. The percentage of blank answers was calculated for each question. The accuracy of parents-reported tooth identification was evaluated by comparing parental ratings to researchers' ratings. Reliability of researchers' tooth identification was first evaluated by calculating intra-observer and inter-observer agreements, as well as Cohen's Kappa values. The percentage of accuracy of parents' tooth identification (relative to researcher's) was then calculated, and logistic regressions were used to evaluate if time elapsed between when exfoliation occurred and the checklist was completed associated with parental accuracy in tooth identification. RESULTS Parents returned 98.4% of the checklists and completed 74.9% to 97.7% of the questions. Excellent reliability was demonstrated for researchers' intra- and inter-rater tooth identification (agreement percentages >90%; Cohen's Kappa values >.83). Moderate accuracy of parents-reported tooth identifications was found, with parents correctly identifying 49.5% of the donated tooth. Better parental accuracies were highlighted for partial identifications (87.1% of correct jaw, 75.6% of correct tooth type, and 65.8% of correct lateralization). Logistic regressions showed the odds of correct parental identifications decreased on average by 1.8% every 30 days of distance between tooth exfoliation and checklist completion. CONCLUSIONS While parental engagement is high, parents-reported tooth identifications have moderate accuracy, which decreases over time. High accuracy is however found for partial identifications. Parent-reported information on the accompanying questionnaire of naturally exfoliated primary teeth collection or tooth biobanks, even when filled in a long time after exfoliation took place, should be encouraged. However, expert identifications of teeth should remain best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Le Luyer
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Molly E Boll
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simone A M Lemmers
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samantha J Stoll
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison G Hoffnagle
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew D A C Smith
- Mathematics and Statistics Research Group, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Erin C Dunn
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chin YJ, Mani SA, Doss JG, Musa S, Danaee M. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Malay version of parenting and child tooth brushing assessment (M-PACTA). BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:949. [PMID: 39152380 PMCID: PMC11328485 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaysian preschool children continue to exhibit a high prevalence of dental caries and poor oral hygiene. There is a need to gain an in-depth understanding of oral hygiene habits and design suitable interventions to improve oral hygiene in early childhood. OBJECTIVE To cross-culturally adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Malay-translated Parenting and Child Tooth Brushing Assessment questionnaire (M-PACTA). METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study involved face and content validation, and forward and back-translation of PACTA. The M-PACTA was then tested for reliability and construct validity on 150 Malaysian parents of children aged 5 to 6 years old. RESULTS Face validity indicated that the M-PACTA items were clear and easy to understand. For content validity, some words had to be modified in accordance with the recommendations of the expert committees to make it more coherent to Malaysians. Some statements in the parental knowledge scales were modified according to the guidelines applicable in Malaysia. The content comparison of the back translation with the adapted PACTA revealed that all items were semantic and linguistically equivalent. Exploratory factor analyses of M-PACTA suggested a two-factor structure for three scales including child behaviour scale ('non-compliance' and 'avoidance behaviour'), parental attitudes ('lack of concern' and 'attitude of care'), and parental knowledge ('general tooth brushing knowledge' and 'awareness of tooth brushing care') while for the parental strategy scale, three-factor structure was extracted including 'routine positive methods', 'uncommon positive methods', and 'negative methods'. Internal consistencies for all scales were good (α > 0.9). CONCLUSION M-PACTA did not replicate the construct of the original PACTA. Nonetheless, M-PACTA demonstrated good construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability within Malaysian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jie Chin
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Shani Ann Mani
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Geraldine Doss
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sabri Musa
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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Gultangvattana P, Chutabhakdikul N, Leelataweewud P, Smutkeeree A, Jirarattanasopha V. Association of temperament with oral health behaviour and caries status in Thai preschool children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:135-144. [PMID: 37440363 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temperament associated with oral health behaviour and early childhood caries (ECC) in preschoolers remains inconclusive. AIM This cross-sectional study investigated the association of temperament with oral health behaviour and ECC status. DESIGN A total of 421 Thai preschoolers were recruited from elementary schools in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Their caregivers assessed three temperament dimensions (surgency, negative affectivity and effortful control) using the Thai version of the Children's Behaviour Questionnaire Very Short Form and reported oral health behaviours (brushing cooperation and cariogenic snack frequency). Three calibrated dentists assessed ECC status using the modified WHO dmft/dmfs (decayed, missing and filled teeth/surface) index that included noncavitated and cavitated carious lesions. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for child's and caregiver's characteristics, revealed that children with high negative affectivity or low effortful control were more likely to have uncooperative brushing behaviour. The temperament scores of children who consumed cariogenic snacks daily and those who did not were comparable. Children with low surgency, high negative affectivity or low effortful control were more likely to have high dmfs scores. CONCLUSION Negative affectivity and effortful control were associated with brushing behaviour. Temperament was not associated with the frequency of cariogenic snack consumption. All temperamental dimensions, however, were associated with ECC.
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Tadakamadla SK, Rathore V, Mitchell AE, Johnson N, Morawska A. Protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an online parenting intervention for promoting oral health of 2-6 years old Australian children. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056269. [PMID: 36229155 PMCID: PMC9562284 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental decay is a major problem among Australian children. It can be prevented through good self-care and limiting sugar intake, but many parents/caregivers lack the skills and confidence to help their children adopt these practices. This trial will evaluate the efficacy of Healthy Habits Triple P - Oral health, a web-based online programme, in improving children's oral health-related behaviours (toothbrushing, snacking practices and dental visits) and related parenting practices, thereby preventing dental caries. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a cluster, parallel-group, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial of an online intervention for parents/caregivers of children aged 2-6 years. From the City of Gold Coast (Australia), 18 childcare centres will be randomly selected, with equal numbers randomised into intervention and control arms. Intervention arm parents/caregivers will receive access to a web-based parenting intervention while those in the control arm will be directed to oral health-related information published by Australian oral health agencies. After the completion of the study, the Healthy Habits Triple P - Oral health intervention will be offered to parents/caregivers in the control arm. The primary outcome of this trial is toothbrushing frequency, which will be assessed via Bluetooth supported smart toothbrushes and parent/caregiver report. Data on other outcomes: parenting practices and child behaviour during toothbrushing, consumption of sugar rich foods and parents' confidence in dealing with children's demands for sugar rich food, and dental visiting practices, will be collected through a self-administered questionnaire at baseline (before randomisation), and 6 weeks (primary endpoint), 6 months and 12 months after randomisation. Data on dental caries will be collected at baseline, 12 and 18 months post-randomisation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from Human Research Ethics Committees of Griffith University (2020/700) and the University of Queensland (2020002839). Findings will be submitted for publication in leading international peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621000566831.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla
- Dentistry and Oral Health, Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vatsna Rathore
- Dentistry and Oral Health, Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy E Mitchell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Newell Johnson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University - Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Tadakamadla SK, Rathore V, Mitchell AE, Kaul A, Morawska A. Child- and family-level factors associated with toothbrushing frequency in a sample of Australian children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:639-648. [PMID: 34811821 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the factors that are conducive to good toothbrushing practices is fundamental for planning oral health promotion interventions. AIM This study evaluated the relationships between child and family socio-demographic characteristics; children's behaviour during toothbrushing; family support for toothbrushing; parents' practices, attitudes and knowledge related to toothbrushing; general parenting practices; and children's behavioural problems, and children's toothbrushing frequency. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and May 2020 with parents of children aged 2-8 years, recruited through childcare centres throughout Australia. Parents completed self-administered surveys on child and family characteristics. RESULTS A total of 606 parents completed the survey. Only half (52.5%) of the children of surveyed parents brushed their teeth twice or more/day. Children of university-educated parents [odds ratio (OR): 6.48; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.21-34.71] and those concerned about their child's toothbrushing (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.21-1.72) were more likely to brush twice or more/day. Where children were non-compliant during toothbrushing or parents reported using ineffective parenting strategies during toothbrushing, children were less likely to brush their teeth twice or more/day. Lack of concern of parent about toothbrushing was associated with brushing less than twice/day in children CONCLUSIONS: Measures of parenting and child behaviour that were specific to the toothbrushing context were associated with twice daily brushing while general measures of parenting and child behaviour were not correlated with twice daily brushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vatsna Rathore
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amy E Mitchell
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anshul Kaul
- Health Improvement, Strategy Policy and Planning, Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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