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Xu X, Peng Y, Han G. Three-year follow-up results of radiofrequency ablation for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinomas: Systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:108470. [PMID: 38870871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Confidence in long-term treatment results of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is required in comparison with surgery and active surveillance (AS). The objective of this meta-analysis is to report more than three years of follow-up results of radiofrequency ablation for PTMCs. METHODS Ovid PUBMED, COCHRANE, and EMBASE databases were searched through Nov 19, 2023, for studies reporting outcomes in patients with PTMC treated with radiofrequency ablation and followed up for more than 3 years. The standard mean difference of the tumor volume before and after therapy, tumor recurrence, lymph node (LN) metastasis, distant metastasis, complications, and the pooled volume reduction rates (VRRs) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months after radiofrequency ablation were assessed. Data were extracted and methodological quality was assessed independently by two radiologists according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Eight studies, involving 2131 patients, met the inclusion criteria through database searches. The overall VRR was 99.81 % (95 % CI: 99.68, 99.95) in the last follow-up. During a mean pooled follow-up of 46.59 months, 69 patients experienced local PTMC recurrence, with 8 cases within the ablation area. Additionally, 44 patients were diagnosed with newly discovered PTMC, and 17 patients exhibited lymph node metastases. Among the patients with PTMC recurrence, 3 were under active surveillance while 59 underwent additional RFA. The pooled mean complication rate was 2.80 %, with no instances of life-threatening or delayed complications. CONCLUSIONS Radiofrequency ablation proves to be an effective local tumor control method for low-risk PTMC patients, resulting in clinically significant and enduring volume reduction. The rate of regrowth and retreatment requirement post-RFA was notably lower, positioning RFA as a compelling alternative to existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Guoxin Han
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.
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2
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Wang S, Zhang F, Wang J, Ao Y. A study on the safety and efficacy of endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach for the treatment of thyroid cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38507. [PMID: 38905368 PMCID: PMC11191952 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic thyroid cancer treatment using an axillary approach. Participants were allocated into 2 groups: one undergoing transaxillary endoscopic surgery and the other, traditional open surgery. We compared intraoperative and postoperative conditions, focusing on parameters such as intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, length of postoperative hospitalization, volume of postoperative drainage, number of lymph nodes cleared in the central region, neck pain scores, neck injury indices, cosmetic satisfaction, postoperative complications, and total hospitalization duration. Patients in the endoscopic treatment (ET) group experienced longer surgical times, less intraoperative bleeding, and increased postoperative drainage. These indicators showed significant differences between the groups (P < .05). For the group undergoing endoscopic surgery via the axillary approach, there was a lower neck pain score on the third postoperative day and higher cosmetic satisfaction at 3 months. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the number of lymph nodes cleared in the central area, and the incidence of complications such as difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and subcutaneous hematoma (P > .05). The axillary approach endoscopic surgery group also showed significantly prolonged surgery times and postoperative hospital stays, with a significant increase in postoperative drainage fluid (P < .05). Concurrently, this technique involved smaller surgical incisions and effectively concealed scars in the armpit, leading to better outcomes in terms of intraoperative bleeding, neck pain scores, and postoperative cosmetic satisfaction. Non-inflatable ET via the axillary approach for treating thyroid cancer demonstrates promising efficacy and safety. It offers additional benefits of minimal pain and enhanced cosmetic outcomes, making it a viable option for clinical adoption and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Fangjie Zhang
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yazhou Ao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Chengde, Hebei, China
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Zhao GZ, Zhang MB. Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a review of the current state and future perspectives. Ultrasonography 2024; 43:79-87. [PMID: 38310872 PMCID: PMC10915119 DOI: 10.14366/usg.23091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a highly prevalent cancer that typically exhibits indolent behavior and is associated with a favorable prognosis. The treatment of choice is surgical intervention; however, this approach carries the risk of complications, including scarring and loss of thyroid function. Although active surveillance can mitigate the risk of PTC overtreatment, the possibility of tumor growth and metastasis can elicit anxiety among patients. Ultrasoundguided thermal ablation has emerged as a safe and effective alternative for individuals who are ineligible for or decline surgery. This article provides a review of the clinical research on radiofrequency ablation as a treatment for PTC, offering a thorough examination of its efficacy, safety, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-zheng Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Gao X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Huang Y. Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency, microwave and laser ablation for the treatment of T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma on a large scale: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2244713. [PMID: 37604507 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2244713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) in T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients by evaluating data on several outcomes on a large scale. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature searches were conducted in PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for studies of thermal ablation (TA) for treating T1N0M0 PTC. Data on the volume reduction rate (VRR) at the 12-month follow-up and final follow-up, complete disappearance rate, local recurrence rate, lymph node metastasis rate, and complication rate of RFA, MWA and LA were evaluated separately. RFA effects were compared between T1aN0M0 and T1bN0M0 patients. RESULTS A total of 36 eligible studies were included. RFA presented superior efficacy than MWA in 12-month VRR. At the final follow-up, the difference was slight in subgroups, showing a significant reduction. The complete disappearance rate of LA (93.00%) was higher than that of RFA (81.00%) and MWA (71.00%). Additionally, the local recurrence rate pooled proportions of MWA and RFA were both 2.00%, lower than that of the LA group (3.00%). There was no event of distant metastasis. The lymph node metastasis rates were similar, as RFA (1.00%) had the lowest. For minor complication rates, the pooled proportions of RFA (3.00%) were smaller than those of LA (6.00%) and MWA (13.00%). T1aN0M0 lesions presented with better outcomes than T1bN0M0 lesions. CONCLUSION RFA, MWA and LA were reliable in curing PTC, and RFA presented advantages in most outcomes. T1aN0M0 patients may experience fewer side effects than T1bN0M0 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Suh PS, Baek JH. Thermal ablation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: what radiologists should know. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7899-7901. [PMID: 37188882 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pae Sun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Baek
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Hurtado Amézquita YC, Latorre Nuñez Y, Flórez Romero A, Mejía López MG. Effectiveness and Safety of Percutaneous Treatment in Lesions Suggestive of Thyroid Cancer (Bethesda V and VI-T1aN0M0) Compared to Surgical Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023:1455613231189067. [PMID: 37605444 DOI: 10.1177/01455613231189067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid nodules are common entities, with 5% malignancy. Differentiated thyroid cancer represents 90% of thyroid malignancies, with papillary carcinoma being the most common. Management is generally surgical; among its complications are injury to the recurrent laryngeal and superior laryngeal nerve, causing hoarseness, postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, and pain. Other noninvasive percutaneous interventions of thermal ablation such as microwave, radiofrequency, or laser incur lower costs and could be an option for treatment. OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness and safety of thermal ablation in lesions suspected of thyroid cancer (Bethesda V and VI/T1aN0M0) compared to surgical treatment. METHODS Systematic review/meta-analysis of observational studies and clinical trials. Database search includes MEDLINE/PUBMED, Embase, Scopus, Scielo, and BVS/LILACS. Studies on patients over 18 years of age with lesions suspicious of thyroid cancer were included. RESULTS A total of 10 studies were obtained, with 2939 patients: 1468 subjected to thermal ablation and 1471 to surgery. Regarding effectiveness, no differences were found in local recurrence [relative risk (RR) 1.17 (95% CI 0.69-1.99)] and cervical lymph node metastasis [RR 0.76 (95% CI 0.43-1.36)]. Regarding safety, infection [RR 0.29 (95% CI 0.05-1.74)], hematoma [RR 0.57 (95% CI 0.17-1.94)], and transient hoarseness [RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.39-1.51)] were evaluated, without difference. However, permanent hoarseness had significant differences in favor of thermal ablation [RR 0.29 (95% CI 0.11-0.75)]. CONCLUSIONS Thermal ablation for the treatment of T1aN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma is equally effective when compared to surgical techniques and offers a better safety profile, particularly in permanent hoarseness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesid Camilo Hurtado Amézquita
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yulieth Latorre Nuñez
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Flórez Romero
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Gimena Mejía López
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá, Colombia
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Yan L, Li Y, Li XY, Xiao J, Tang J, Luo Y. Clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for solitary T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma: A retrospective study with more than 5 years of follow-up. Cancer 2023. [PMID: 37060239 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been used in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who refuse surgery or active surveillance. However, the long-term outcomes are still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of RFA for solitary T1N0M0 PTC in a large cohort over a more than 5-year follow-up period. METHODS This retrospective study included 358 patients with solitary T1N0M0 PTC who were treated with RFA and followed for at least 5 years. The bipolar RFA procedure was performed using hydrodissection technique, transisthmic approach, and moving-shot technique. The primary outcomes were disease progression, including lymph node metastasis (LNM), recurrent tumor, persistent tumor, and distant metastasis. The secondary outcomes were volume reduction rate, complete disappearance rate, complications, and delayed surgery. RESULTS During a mean follow-up period of 75.5 ± 9.7 months, the overall disease progression was 5.0%. The incidence of LNM, recurrent tumor, and persistent tumor was 1.4%, 3.1%, and 0.6%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the disease progression (5.0% vs. 5.5%, p = 1.000), LNM (1.3% vs. 1.8%, p = .568), recurrent tumor (3.3% vs. 1.8%, p = .872), persistent tumors (0.3% vs. 1.8%, p = .284), and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates (95.4% vs. 96.4%, p = .785) in the T1a and T1b groups. Volume reduction rate was 100.0 ± 0.3%, with 96.9% of tumors disappearing. No complications occurred. No patients underwent delayed surgery because of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS RFA is an effective and safe alternative for patients with T1N0M0 PTC and can offer a minimally invasive curative option for patients who refuse surgery or active surveillance. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY During a mean follow-up period of 75.5 ± 9.7 months, the overall papillary thyroid carcinoma disease progression was 5.0%. The volume reduction rate was 100.0 ± 0.3%, with 96.9% of tumors disappearing. The T1a and T1b groups had similar incidence of disease progression and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates. No patients experienced complications or underwent delayed surgery because of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Pace-Asciak P, Russell JO, Tufano RP. Surgical treatment of thyroid cancer: Established and novel approaches. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 37:101664. [PMID: 35534363 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid surgery is one of the most common head and neck procedures. The thyroid can be accessed through an anterior cervical incision, or by remote access techniques such as the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) which is favored for its ease, safety and direct plane to the thyroid gland. Other novel approaches for targeting small-localized well-differentiated thyroid cancer are by thermal ablation, namely ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation. These innovative techniques for minimizing a cutaneous scar or for targeting small cancers directly without removal of the gland have developed alongside our realization that low risk well-differentiated thyroid cancer tends to be slow growing and indolent. Up to date, the most robust data supports offering these therapies primarily to patients who would be eligible for active surveillance protocols. In this paper, we review the traditional surgical approaches for removing well-differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as innovative remote access techniques (namely TOETVA), and minimally invasive thermal ablation (namely RFA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Pace-Asciak
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, St. Joseph's Hospital, 30 Queensway, Sunny Side West, Suite 230, M6R-1B5, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jonathon O Russell
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center, 601 N. Caroline St., 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, MD, USA.
| | - Ralph P Tufano
- Sarasota Memorial Health Care System Multidisciplinary Thyroid and Parathyroid Center, 1901 Floyd St., Ste.304, Sarasota, 34239, Florida, USA.
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Zhou HD, Yu XY, Wei Y, Zhao ZL, Peng L, Li Y, Lu NC, Yu MA. A clinical study on microwave ablation of multifocal (≤ 3) T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:4034-4041. [PMID: 36512041 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility, efficiency, and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) for T1N0M0 multifocal (≤ 3) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS This was a retrospective study, and patients who underwent MWA for multifocal (≤ 3) PTC were reviewed between October 2016 and December 2020. After ablation, the changes in tumor size and volume, as well as the rate of technical success, tumor disappearance, disease progression, and complications were assessed. RESULTS There were a total of 57 cases enrolled in the present study, which included 18 males and 39 females. The mean age was 44 ± 11 years (22-66 years); the mean follow-up time was 18 ± 11 months (6-48 months). Complete ablation was achieved in all enrolled cases. Therefore, the technical success rate was 100%. Due to expanding ablation, the MD and volume of the ablation zone, as well as the VRR, increased at the 1st and 3rd months after ablation and decreased at 12 and 18 months after ablation (p < 0.05 for all). The total complete tumor disappearance rate was 43.9% (25/57), including 54% (24/44) in the T1a subgroup vs. 7.7% (1/13) in the T1b subgroup (p = 0.003). The total disease progression rate was 7% (4/57), including 9.1% (4/44) in the T1a subgroup vs. 0% (0/13) in the T1b subgroup (p = 0.142). The overall complication rate was 5.3% (3/57), including 6.8% (4/44) in the T1a subgroup vs. 0% (0/13) in the T1b subgroup (p = 0.206). CONCLUSION This preliminary study indicates that MWA is a safe and effective treatment for T1N0M0 multifocal (≤ 3) PTC. KEY POINTS • MWA is a promising alternative method for T1N0M0 multifocal (≤ 3) PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-di Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yu
- Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zheng-Long Zhao
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lili Peng
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Nai-Cong Lu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ming-An Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Ben Hamou A, Ghanassia E, Muller A, Ladsous M, Paladino NC, Brunaud L, Leenhardt L, Russ G. SFE-AFCE-SFMN 2022 consensus on the management of thyroid nodules: Thermal ablation. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2022; 83:423-430. [PMID: 36306894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The SFE-AFCE-SFMN 2022 consensus deals with the management of thyroid nodules, a condition that is a frequent reason for consultation in endocrinology. In more than 90% of cases, patients are euthyroid, with benign non-progressive nodules that do not warrant specific treatment. The clinician's objective is to detect malignant thyroid nodules at risk of recurrence and death, toxic nodules responsible for hyperthyroidism or compressive nodules warranting treatment. The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules requires close collaboration between endocrinologists, nuclear medicine physicians and surgeons, but also involves other specialists. Therefore, this consensus statement was established jointly by 3 societies: the French Society of Endocrinology (SFE), French Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) and French Society of Nuclear Medicine (SFMN); the various working groups included experts from other specialties (pathologists, radiologists, pediatricians, biologists, etc.). This section deals with thermal ablation, which may constitute an alternative to thyroid surgery in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Ben Hamou
- Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors Department, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France; American Hospital of Paris, Thyroid Unit, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Edouard Ghanassia
- American Hospital of Paris, Thyroid Unit, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France; Polyclinique Sainte-Thérèse, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Arnaud Muller
- Department of Imaging, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; Imagerie Médicale Val d'Ouest - Charcot, 53 Rue du Commandant Charcot, 69110 Sainte-Foy-Lès-Lyon, France
| | - Miriam Ladsous
- CHU Lille, Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie, Métabolisme et Nutrition, Hôpital Claude Huriez, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Nunzia Cinzia Paladino
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Department of General Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Conception University Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Brunaud
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Metabolic and Cancer Surgery (CVMC), CHRU Nancy, 54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laurence Leenhardt
- Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors Department, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France; Institute of Cancer IUC Sorbonne University GRC N°16, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Russ
- Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors Department, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France; Institute of Cancer IUC Sorbonne University GRC N°16, 75013 Paris, France; Centre de Pathologie et d'Imagerie, 14, Avenue René-Coty, 75014 Paris, France
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Navin PJ, Thompson SM, Kurup AN, Lee RA, Callstrom MR, Castro MR, Stan MN, Welch BT, Schmitz JJ. Radiofrequency Ablation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules. Radiographics 2022; 42:1812-1828. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.220021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Navin
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Scott M. Thompson
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Anil N. Kurup
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Robert A. Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Matthew R. Callstrom
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - M. Regina Castro
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Marius N. Stan
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - Brian T. Welch
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
| | - John J. Schmitz
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.J.N., S.M.T., A.N.K., R.A.L., M.R.C., B.T.W., J.J.S.) and Endocrinology (M.R.C., M.N.S.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905-0002
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Wei Y, Niu WQ, Zhao ZL, Wu J, Peng LL, Li Y, Yu MA. Microwave Ablation versus Surgical Resection for Solitary T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Radiology 2022; 304:704-713. [PMID: 35536133 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.212313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Microwave ablation (MWA) has attracted interest as a minimally invasive treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, comparisons between MWA and surgical resection (SR) in the management of T1N0M0 PTC are rare. Purpose To compare the technical effectiveness, disease progression, and complications of MWA and SR for solitary T1N0M0 PTC. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted in a single center. A total of 1029 patients with T1N0M0 PTC treated with either MWA or SR from January 2015 to May 2021 were studied and divided into two groups according to treatment modality. Propensity score matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to control for confounding factors. Disease progression was analyzed in T1N0M0 PTCs as well as T1a and T1b subgroups by using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results A total of 404 patients (mean age, 43 years ± 12 [SD]; 289 women; 337 with T1a PTC) underwent MWA, and 625 (mean age, 46 years ± 12; 495 women; 521 with T1a PTC) underwent SR. During the follow-up (median, 25 months; IQR, 7-61 months), there was no evidence of differences regarding disease progression in T1N0M0 (4.0% vs 4.0%; P = .97), T1a (3.4% vs 3.8%; P = .89), or T1b PTCs (6.8% vs 5.0%; P = .72). Compared with SR, MWA resulted in less blood loss (2 mL vs 10 mL) and a shorter procedure time (23 minutes vs 72 minutes) (both P < .001). The rate of major complications was 5.4% (19 of 350 patients) in the MWA group and 6.3% (22 of 350 patients) in the SR group (P = .75). Permanent hoarseness only occurred in the SR group (1.7%; P = .03). Conclusion For T1a and T1b solitary T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinomas, there was no evidence of differences regarding disease progression and major complications between microwave ablation and surgical resection. © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by vanSonnenberg and Simeone in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen-Quan Niu
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhen-Long Zhao
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Wu
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li-Li Peng
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Li
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ming-An Yu
- From the Department of Interventional Medicine (Y.W., Z.Z., J.W., L.P., Y.L., M.Y.) and Institute of Clinical Medical Services (W.N.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Ying-hua-yuan East St, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Wu L, Chen X. Efficacy and Safety of Different Thermal Ablation Modalities for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Network Meta-Analysis. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:9448349. [PMID: 39281826 PMCID: PMC11401726 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9448349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Small thyroid-like carcinoma (PTMC) is one of the most common subtypes of thyroid cancer. The main treatment options include surgery and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and laser ablation (LA). Thermal ablation has the advantage of being less invasive and has fewer complications than traditional surgical treatment. Objective The objective is to explore the efficacy and safety of PTMC by different thermal ablation modalities through a network meta-analysis. Methods From the database establishment to October 2021, a computerized search of the Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure (CKNI), VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-Text Database (VP-CSJFD), WanFang Data journal article resource (WangFang), PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were performed to include the different methods of thermal ablation for small thyroid carcinoma. A retrospective study of different methods of thermal ablation of small thyroid carcinoma was included. Results A total of 12 retrospective studies involving 1,926 patients with PTMC were included, all of which were of high quality. This study mainly involved RFA, MWA, LA, and ethanol combined with radiofrequency ablation (EA + RFA). Network meta-analysis showed no significant difference between interventions (p > 0.05) in terms of recurrence rate. Conclusions Surgical resection may be the measure with the lowest recurrence rate after treatment of PTMC, LA may be the measure with the lowest incidence of complications after treatment, and RFA may be the measure with the least length of hospital stay, operation time, and postoperative lymph node metastasis rate. However, due to the limitations of network meta-analysis, this result still needs to be treated with caution, and more high-quality, large-sample clinical studies are recommended for further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieming Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The PLA Navy Anqing Hospital, Anqing 246000, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui, Anqing 246000, Anhui, China
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Yan L, Li X, Li Y, Xiao J, Zhang M, Luo Y. Comparison of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation versus thyroid lobectomy for T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:730-740. [PMID: 35895122 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare the clinical outcomes between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and thyroid lobectomy (TL) for T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS This retrospective study evaluated 283 patients with solitary T1bN0M0 PTC treated with RFA (RFA group, 91 patients) or TL (TL group, 192 patients) from May 2014 to November 2018. The patients were regularly followed up after treatment. Local tumor progression, lymph node metastasis (LNM), recurrent tumor, persistent tumor, recurrence-free survival (RFS), treatment variables (hospitalization, procedure time, estimated blood loss, and cost), complication, and delayed surgery were compared. RESULTS During the follow-up (median [interquartile ranges], 50.4 [18.0] months), no significant differences were found in the local tumor progression (4.4% vs 3.6%, p = 1.000), LNM (1.1% vs 2.1%, p = 0.917), recurrent tumor (2.2% vs 1.6%, p = 1.000), persistent tumor (1.1% vs 0%, p = 0.146), and RFS rate (95.6% vs 96.4%, p = 0.816) in the RFA and TL groups. Distant metastasis was not detected. Patients in the RFA group had a shorter hospitalization (0 vs 7.0 [3.0] days, p < 0.001), shorter procedure time (5.6 [2.9] vs 90.0 [38.5] min, p < 0.001), lower estimated blood loss (0 vs 20 [20] mL, p < 0.001), lower cost ($1972.5 [0.1] vs $2362.4 [1009.3], p < 0.001), and lower complication rate (0 vs 12/192 [6.3%], p = 0.015) than those in the TL group. No patients in the RFA group underwent delayed surgery. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed comparable 4-year clinical outcomes between RFA and TL for T1bN0M0 PTC in terms of local tumor progression and RFS. As a minimally invasive modality, RFA may be a promising feasible alternative to surgery for the treatment of T1bN0M0 PTC in selected patients after strict evaluation. KEY POINTS • No significant difference in local tumor progression and RFS was found between RFA and TL for T1bN0M0 PTC during a median follow-up period of 50.4 months. • Compared with TL, RFA led to a shorter hospitalization, lower estimated blood loss, lower cost, and lower complication rate. • RFA may be a promising feasible alternative to surgery for the treatment of T1bN0M0 PTC in selected patients after strict evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Ou D, Chen C, Jiang T, Xu D. Research Review of Thermal Ablation in the Treatment of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:859396. [PMID: 35847945 PMCID: PMC9283792 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.859396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Minimally invasive treatment of thyroid tumors has become increasingly common, but has mainly focused on benign thyroid tumors, whereas thermal ablation of thyroid cancer remains controversial. Clinical studies analyzing the efficacy of thermal ablation of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been conducted in several countries to verify its safety. Here, we screened and reviewed recent studies on the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation of PTC as well as psychological assessment, patient prognosis, recurrence, and factors affecting ablation. Summary The most significant controversy surrounding ablative treatment of PTC centers on its effectiveness and safety, and >40 studies have been conducted to address this issue. The studies include papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and non-PTMC, single PTC and multiple PTC, and controlled studies of ablative therapy and surgical treatment. In general, ablation techniques can be carefully performed and promoted under certain conditions and with active follow-up of postoperative patients. Ablation is a promising alternative treatment especially in patients who are inoperable. Conclusions Clinical studies on PTC ablation have provided new perspectives on local treatment. However, because PTC grows very slowly, it is an indolent tumor; therefore, studies with larger sample sizes and extended post-procedure follow-ups are necessary to confirm the investigators’ hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Tian Jiang
- The Postgraduate Training Base, Wen Zhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Xu,
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Zandifar A, Saucedo J, Vossough A, Alavi A, Hunt SJ. Role of Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET in Interventional Radiology. PET Clin 2022; 17:543-553. [PMID: 35662495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET has expanding applications in the field of interventional radiology. FDG-PET provides both qualitative and quantitative assessments of malignancy, infection, and inflammation. These assessments can assist interventional radiologists in selecting the most appropriate treatment options for their oncology patients. FDG-PET is also useful for evaluating the response to interventional treatments and in predicting the prognosis of oncology patients. Finally, FDG-PET can assist the interventional radiologist in diagnosing and monitoring response to treatment of infection and inflammation. Nevertheless, there is a need for additional prospective studies to further establish the role of FDG-PET in these applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Zandifar
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joey Saucedo
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arastoo Vossough
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen J Hunt
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Image-Guided Interventions Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Jasim S, Patel KN, Randolph G, Adams S, Cesareo R, Condon E, Henrichsen T, Itani M, Papaleontiou M, Rangel L, Schmitz J, Stan MN. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: The Clinical Utility of Minimally Invasive Interventional Procedures in the Management of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions. Endocr Pract 2022; 28:433-448. [PMID: 35396078 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this disease state clinical review is to provide clinicians with a summary of the nonsurgical, minimally invasive approaches to managing thyroid nodules/malignancy, including their indications, efficacy, side effects, and outcomes. METHODS A literature search was conducted using PubMed and appropriate key words. Relevant publications on minimally invasive thyroid techniques were used to create this clinical review. RESULTS Minimally invasive thyroid techniques are effective and safe when performed by experienced centers. To date, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy is recommended for recurrent benign thyroid cysts. Both ultrasound-guided laser and radiofrequency ablation can be safely used for symptomatic solid nodules, both toxic and nontoxic. Microwave ablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound are newer approaches that need further clinical evaluation. Despite limited data, encouraging results suggest that minimally invasive techniques can also be used in small-size primary and locally recurrent thyroid cancer. CONCLUSION Surgery and radioiodine treatment remain the conventional and established treatments for nodular goiters. However, the new image-guided minimally invasive approaches appear safe and effective alternatives when used appropriately and by trained professionals to treat symptomatic or enlarging thyroid masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Jasim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | | | - Gregory Randolph
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie Adams
- Clinical Practice Guidelines, American Association of Clinical Endocrinology, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Roberto Cesareo
- Unit of Metabolic Diseases, S. M. Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | | | | | - Malak Itani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Maria Papaleontiou
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leonardo Rangel
- Head and Neck Surgery Division, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - John Schmitz
- Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marius N Stan
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhao Y, Han X, Chen G, Chu X, Li R, Wang J, Huang F, Liu C, Xu S. Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation versus surgical resection for Bethesda category IV thyroid nodules: A retrospective comparative study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:924993. [PMID: 36213294 PMCID: PMC9538184 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.924993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for Bethesda IV thyroid nodules and to compare the outcomes, complications, and costs of MWA and thyroidectomy. METHODS A total of 130 patients with Bethesda IV nodules were retrospectively reviewed, involving 46 in the MWA group and 84 in the surgery group. The local institutional review board approved this study. Patients in the MWA group were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the intervention. Postoperative complications, treatment time, and cost in the two groups were compared. RESULTS Among 84 patients with 85 Bethesda IV nodules in the surgery group, postoperative pathology was benign lesions, borderline tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, and medullary carcinoma in 44, 4, 27, 6, 3, and 1 cases, respectively. Malignant thyroid nodules were more prone to solid echostructure (86.11% vs. 72.72%), hypoechogenicity (55.56% vs. 13.63%), and irregular margin (47.22% vs. 13.63%) than benign lesions. The nodule volume reduction rate of patients at 12 months after MWA was 85.01% ± 10.86%. Recurrence and lymphatic and distant metastases were not reported during the follow-up period. The incidence of complications, treatment time, hospitalization time, incision length, and cost were significantly lower in the MWA group than in the surgery group (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MWA significantly reduces the volume of Bethesda IV nodules with high safety and is recommended for those with surgical contraindications or those who refuse surgical resection. Patients with suspicious ultrasound features for malignancy should be actively treated with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing (Thyroid Disease) of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueting Zhao
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing (Thyroid Disease) of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Chu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiping Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing (Thyroid Disease) of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuhang Xu, ; Chao Liu,
| | - Shuhang Xu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuhang Xu, ; Chao Liu,
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Lee MK, Baek JH, Chung SR, Choi YJ, Lee JH, Jung SL. Radiofrequency ablation of recurrent thyroid cancers: anatomy-based management. Ultrasonography 2021; 41:434-443. [PMID: 35189056 PMCID: PMC9262676 DOI: 10.14366/usg.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although differentiated thyroid cancer has an excellent prognosis and low mortality, its recurrence rate has been reported to be very high. While surgery is recommended as the standard treatment for recurrent thyroid cancer, reoperation may increase the incidence of complications due to fibrosis and anatomical distortion. In patients with high surgical risk or those who refuse repeated surgery, ultrasonography-guided ablation techniques including radiofrequency ablation, ethanol ablation, and laser ablation are suggested as alternative treatments. In this manuscript, we introduce an anatomy-based management concept for radiofrequency ablation for recurrent thyroid cancer, and present a review of the relevant literature, including indications, basic techniques, clinical outcomes, and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyoung Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Baek
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Chung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jun Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Lyung Jung
- Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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He H, Zhang Y, Song Q, Zhao J, Li W, Li Y, Luo Y. Nomogram prediction for the involution of the ablation zone after radiofrequency ablation treatment in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:1133-1139. [PMID: 34348562 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1960434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To construct a prognostic nomogram to predict the involution of the ablation zone for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment. METHODS Data from 204 patients with low-risk PTC without extrathyroidal extension or cervical lymph node or distant metastasis who underwent RFA treatment were collected from January 2018 to January 2019. Clinicopathological and imaging characteristics were analyzed. The prognostic factors associated with the involution of the ablation zone within 12 months after RFA were identified by logistic analysis, and the nomogram was established. Calibration curve and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the nomogram performance. RESULTS Of the 204 patients included in this study, the ablation zone in 78 (38%) patients did not completely disappear in the 12 months after RFA. Four variables, including sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.303; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.418-8.418; p = 0.008), age (OR, 1.045; 95% CI, 1.012-1.081; p = 0.009), calcification size (OR, 1.666; 95% CI, 1.041-2.701; p = 0.035), and RFA energy (OR, 2.902; 95% CI, 1.333-6.683; p = 0.009), were found to be closely associated with ablation zone non-disappearance at 12 months after RFA by multivariate analysis. A nomogram model was constructed, and its accuracy was well validated (C-index = 0.787). CONCLUSIONS This study constructed and validated a risk model that could accurately predict the involution of the ablation zone after RFA for patients with PTC. This could provide clinicians with useful resource to guide patient counseling regarding tumor prognosis after RFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying He
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Lin WC, Tung YC, Chang YH, Luo SD, Chiang PL, Huang SC, Chen WC, Chou CK, Su YY, Chen WC, Chi SY, Baek JH. Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of thyroid follicular neoplasm with low SUV in PET/CT study. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:963-969. [PMID: 34154505 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1912414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on follicular neoplasm with low standard uptake value (SUV) in a Positron emission tomography (PET/CT) study. METHODS From January 2018 to July 2019, 86 consecutive patients were diagnosed with follicular neoplasm. Of the patients, 28 with PET/CT scans were enrolled in this study. All patients received ultrasound, fine/core needle aspiration, and PET/CT scan prior to treatment. In accordance with previous studies, we recommended 6 patients who had follicular neoplasm with SUVmax ≥5 undergo surgical resection due to an elevated suspicion of malignancy. For 22 patients SUVmax <5, RFA was performed using the moving shot technique. Ultrasound was performed 6 to 12 months after each procedure. RESULTS Statistically significant volume reductions during follow-up between values prior to RFA and 12 months post RFA were demonstrated (12.6 ± 20.9 vs. 2.4 ± 3.0 cm3, p < 0.001). Volume reduction ratios at 6-12 months (mean: 10.1 months) after RFA were 73.3% ± 17.7%. One patient presented with vocal cord palsy and recovered within 3 months after RFA. No postprocedural hypothyroidism occurred in the RFA patients. CONCLUSIONS By using PET/CT, we can select patients with low SUV follicular neoplasm. RFA offers a safe and feasible alternative treatment option for patients unsuitable or unwilling to undergo surgery.KEY POINTSBy using positron emission tomography-computed tomography, we can distinguish low SUV follicular neoplasm for radiofrequency ablation.For low SUV follicular neoplasm, RF ablation offers a safe and effective alternative treatment option for patients unsuitable or unwilling to undergo surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Tung
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Dean Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Ling Chiang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun Chen Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Kai Chou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ye Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yu Chi
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung Hwan Baek
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Mauri G, Hegedüs L, Bandula S, Cazzato RL, Czarniecka A, Dudeck O, Fugazzola L, Netea-Maier R, Russ G, Wallin G, Papini E. European Thyroid Association and Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Minimally Invasive Treatments in Malignant Thyroid Lesions. Eur Thyroid J 2021; 10:185-197. [PMID: 34178704 PMCID: PMC8215982 DOI: 10.1159/000516469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing detection of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) is paralleled by an increase in surgical procedures. Due to the frequent indolent nature, cost, and risk of surgery, active surveillance (AS) and ultrasound-guided minimally invasive treatments (MITs) are in suitable cases of incidental PTMC proposed as alternatives to thyroidectomy. Surgery and radioiodine are the established treatments for relapsing cervical differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) metastases. But radioiodine refractoriness, risk of surgical complications, adverse influence on quality of life, or declining repeat surgery have led to AS and MIT being considered as alternatives for slow-growing DTC nodal metastases. Also, for distant radioiodine-refractory metastases not amenable to surgery, MIT is proposed as part of a multimodality therapeutic approach. The European Thyroid Association and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe commissioned these guidelines for the appropriate use of MIT. Based on a systematic PubMed search, an evidence-based approach was applied, and both knowledge and practical experience of the panelists were incorporated to develop the manuscript and the specific recommendations. We recommend that when weighing between surgery, radioiodine, AS, or MIT for DTC, a multidisciplinary team including members with expertise in interventional radiology assess the demographic, clinical, histological, and imaging characteristics for appropriate selection of patients eligible for MIT. Consider TA in low-risk PTMC patients who are at surgical risk, have short life expectancy, relevant comorbidities, or are unwilling to undergo surgery or AS. As laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, and microwave ablation are similarly safe and effective thermal ablation (TA) techniques, the choice should be based on the specific competences and resources of the centers. Use of ethanol ablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound is not recommended for PTMC treatment. Consider MIT as an alternative to surgical neck dissection in patients with radioiodine refractory cervical recurrences who are at surgical risk or decline further surgery. Factors that favor MIT are previous neck dissection, presence of surgical complications, small size metastases, and <4 involved latero-cervical lymph nodes. Consider TA among treatment options in patients with unresectable oligometastatic or oligoprogressive distant metastases to achieve local tumor control or pain palliation. Consider TA, in combination with bone consolidation and external beam radiation therapy, as a treatment option for painful bone metastases not amenable to other established treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mauri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Interventional Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laszlo Hegedüs
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- *Laszlo Hegedüs,
| | - Steven Bandula
- Interventional Oncology Service, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Luigi Cazzato
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Czarniecka
- The Oncologic and Reconstructive Surgery Clinic, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Oliver Dudeck
- Center for Microtherapy, Klinik Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Romana Netea-Maier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Russ
- Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors Unit, La Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Göran Wallin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Enrico Papini
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Ospedale Regina Apostolorum, Albano, Italy
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23
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Ntelis S, Linos D. Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: a review. Hormones (Athens) 2021; 20:269-277. [PMID: 33822327 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has recently been used for the treatment of thyroid carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RFA for treating low-risk papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). We searched the MEDLINE and the SCOPUS databases up to December 29, 2020, for studies assessing the efficacy and safety of RFA in the management of low-risk PTCs. Data on volume reduction ratio (VRR), complete disappearance, carcinoma recurrence, and complication frequency were collected. Thirteen studies with a total of 1389 patients and 1422 tumors were included in the synthesis of this study. Mean VRR varied between 47.8 and 100%, with most studies reporting a ratio of 98.5-100%. The ratio of complete disappearance ranged between 33.7 and 100%, although studies with a prolonged follow-up period reported a frequency of 56-100%. The tumor progression/recurrence frequency was 0-4.5%. Complications occurred in 45 patients (3.2%). Mild-moderate pain and cervical discomfort were the most common complications and no life-threatening complications were reported. Based on these data, we suggest that ultrasound-guided RFA can serve as an efficacious and safe alternative for the treatment of low-risk PTC in patients who are unable or unwilling to receive surgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Ntelis
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Environmental and Occupational Health Prolepsis, Maroussi, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Linos
- Department of Surgery, Hygeia Hospital, Maroussi, Greece.
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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24
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Zhang C, Yin J, Hu C, Ye Q, Wang P, Huang P. Comparison of ultrasound guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and open thyroidectomy in the treatment of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A propensity score matching study. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 80:73-81. [PMID: 33579830 DOI: 10.3233/ch-201087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and costs of ultrasound guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus open thyroidectomy for treating low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) by using propensity score matching (PSM). PATIENTS AND METHODS 157 patients who underwent RFA and 206 patients who underwent surgery for low-risk PTMC were included in the study. The patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 12 months after treatment, and every half year thereafter. A 1:1 PSM method was applied to balance the pretreatment data of the two groups. In the matched group (133 patients for each), the operative time, length of hospital stay, hospitalization expenses, cosmetic results, complications were assessed and compared between two groups. RESULTS At last follow-up, 39 tumors (29.3%) in the RFA group completely disappeared. Between the well-matched groups, no local recurrence, lymph node metastasis or distant metastases were detected in either group during the follow-up period. After matching, the operation time and hospitalization time in RFA group were shorter than those in surgery group (both P < 0.05). The average hospitalization expense of the patients in RFA group was cheaper than that in surgery group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the cosmetic score was found to be higher in RFA group than that observed in surgery group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS RFA may be an effective and safe method for treating low-risk PTMC with a superior advantage of being low-cost and having a shorter operation time and hospital stay versus surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenlu Hu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pintong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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25
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He H, Wu R, Zhao J, Song Q, Zhang Y, Luo Y. Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Surgical Resection for the Treatment of T1bN0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Different Age Groups. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:734432. [PMID: 34512557 PMCID: PMC8430034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.734432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to that of surgical resection (SR) in patients with T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in different age groups. METHODS Totally, 204 patients with an isolated, solitary, intrathyroidal T1bN0M0 PTC, who underwent either RFA (n=94) or SR (n=110) between April 2014 and December 2019, were retrospectively enrolled and were divided into two subgroups according to age (<45 years, ≧45 years). Patients with pathologically aggressive or advanced lesions were excluded from the study. Tumor progression and procedural complications were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. Tumor recurrence in situ, newly discovered tumors, lymph node involvement, or distant metastases indicated tumor progression. Complications included pain, fever, voice change, choking, numbness in the limbs, and cardiac events. Incidence rates of all endpoint events were compared between different age subgroups. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, and tumor size between the treatment groups. While the RFA group incurred less cost and experienced significantly shorter operative duration than the SR group, no significant differences were observed in incidences of both tumor progression and complications. Further, subgroup analysis of patients <45 years versus those ≧45 years showed no significant differences in the incidence of tumor progression and complications within or between different treatment groups. Older patients in the SR group incurred higher hospital costs than younger counterparts, but this difference was not observed in the RFA group. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that RFA had a similar prognosis as that of SR but was associated with lower overall cost in both young (<45 years) and middle-aged patients (≧45 years) with T1bN0M0 PTC. Therefore, RFA may be an effective and safe alternative to surgery for the treatment of patients with T1bN0M0 PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying He
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rilige Wu
- Medical Big Data Research Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yukun Luo, ; Yan Zhang,
| | - Yukun Luo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yukun Luo, ; Yan Zhang,
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26
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Tufano RP, Pace-Asciak P, Russell JO, Suárez C, Randolph GW, López F, Shaha AR, Mäkitie A, Rodrigo JP, Kowalski LP, Zafereo M, Angelos P, Ferlito A. Update of Radiofrequency Ablation for Treating Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules. The Future Is Now. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:698689. [PMID: 34248853 PMCID: PMC8264548 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.698689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal and chemical ablation are minimally invasive procedures that avoid removal of the thyroid gland and target symptomatic nodules directly. Internationally, Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is among one of the most widely used thermal ablative techniques, and is gaining traction in North America. Surgery remains the standard of care for most thyroid cancer, and in the right clinical setting, Active Surveillance (AS) can be a reasonable option for low risk disease. Minimally invasive techniques have emerged as an alternative option for patients deemed high risk for surgery, or for those patients who wish to receive a more active treatment approach compared to AS. Herein, we review the literature on the safety and efficacy of RFA for treating benign non-functioning thyroid nodules, autonomously functioning thyroid nodules, primary small low risk thyroid cancer (namely papillary thyroid cancer) as well as recurrent thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph P. Tufano
- Division of Otolaryngology – Endocrine Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Ralph P. Tufano,
| | - Pia Pace-Asciak
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathon O. Russell
- Division of Otolaryngology – Endocrine Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carlos Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias and CIBERONC, ISCIII, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gregory W. Randolph
- Division of Otolaryngology - Endocrine Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard University, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fernando López
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Institutode Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo CIBERONC-ISCIII, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ashok R. Shaha
- Head and Neck Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School and Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Peter Angelos
- Department of Surgery, Bucksbaum Institute for Clinical Excellence, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- The University of Udine School of Medicine, International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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