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Xue M, Tan L, Zhang S, Wang JN, Mi X, Si W, Qiao Y, Lao Z, Meng X, Yang Y. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialyl-α2,3-lactoside-functionalized BSA conjugate inhibits influenza infection. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116633. [PMID: 38968785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Influenza remains a global public health threat, and the development of new antivirals is crucial to combat emerging drug-resistant influenza strains. In this study, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a sialyl lactosyl (TS)-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate as a potential multivalent inhibitor of the influenza virus. The key trisaccharide component, TS, was efficiently prepared via a chemoenzymatic approach, followed by conjugation to dibenzocyclooctyne-modified BSA via a strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. Biophysical and biochemical assays, including surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, hemagglutination inhibition, and neuraminidase inhibition, demonstrated the strong binding affinity of TS-BSA to the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins of the influenza virus as well as intact virion particles. Notably, TS-BSA exhibited potent inhibitory activity against viral entry and release, preventing cytopathic effects in cell culture. This multivalent presentation strategy highlights the potential of glycocluster-based antivirals for combating influenza and other drug-resistant viral strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Xue
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Lintongqing Tan
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jia-Ning Wang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xue Mi
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Weixue Si
- CanSino Biologics Inc, 185 South Avenue, TEDA West District, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- CanSino Biologics Inc, 185 South Avenue, TEDA West District, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhiqi Lao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xin Meng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Xue M, Deng A, Wang JN, Mi X, Lao Z, Yang Y. A Zanamivir-protein conjugate mimicking mucin for trapping influenza virion particles and inhibiting neuraminidase activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133564. [PMID: 38955298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Influenza viruses contribute significantly to the global health burden, necessitating the development of strategies against transmission as well as effective antiviral treatments. The present study reports a biomimetic strategy inspired by the natural antiviral properties of mucins. A bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate decorated with the multivalent neuraminidase inhibitor Zanamivir (ZA-BSA) was synthesized using copper-free click chemistry. This synthetic pseudo-mucin exhibited potent neuraminidase inhibitory activity against several influenza strains. Virus capture and growth inhibition assays demonstrated its effective absorption of virion particles and ability to prevent viral infection in nanomolar concentrations. Investigation of the underlying antiviral mechanism of ZA-BSA revealed a dual mode of action, involving disruption of the initial stages of host-cell binding and fusion by inducing viral aggregation, followed by blocking the release of newly assembled virions by targeting neuraminidase activity. Notably, the conjugate also exhibited potent inhibitory activity against Oseltamivir-resistant neuraminidase variant comparable to the monomeric Zanamivir. These findings highlight the application of multivalent drug presentation on protein scaffold to mimic mucin adsorption of viruses, together with counteracting drug resistance. This innovative approach has potential for the creation of antiviral agents against influenza and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Xue
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ang Deng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jia-Ning Wang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xue Mi
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhiqi Lao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
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3
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Fernández-Rodríguez D, Cho J, Chisari E, Citardi MJ, Parvizi J. Nasal microbiome and the effect of nasal decolonization with a novel povidone-iodine antiseptic solution: a prospective and randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16739. [PMID: 39033201 PMCID: PMC11271270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the profile of nasal microbiome and evaluate the effect of a specific nasal decolonization solution on the microbiome. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group clinical study of 50 volunteers aged 18 years and older. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive a nasal antiseptic solution, containing povidone-iodine as the main ingredient, (n = 25) or a control solution (n = 25). Nasal swabs were obtained before application (baseline) and at 3 timepoints after application (5 min, 2 h, 24 h). Nasal swabs were subjected to next generation sequencing analysis and cultured in agar plates. At baseline, there were substantial associations between anaerobic species, Corynebacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Dolosigranulum spp. Then, a high bioburden reduction was observed after the application of povidone-iodine (log10 3.68 ± 0.69 at 5 min; log10 3.57 ± 0.94 at 2 h; log10 1.17 ± 1.40 at 24 h), compared to the control. The top species affected by the treatment were Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium species. None of the subjects experienced any adverse effects, nor increases in mucociliary clearance time. Antiseptic solutions applied to the anterior nares can transiently and markedly reduce the bioburden of the nose. The registration number for this clinical trial is NCT05617729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, 125 S 9th St. Ste 1000, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jeongeun Cho
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, 125 S 9th St. Ste 1000, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Emanuele Chisari
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, 125 S 9th St. Ste 1000, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Martin J Citardi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Javad Parvizi
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, 125 S 9th St. Ste 1000, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Sher AC, Stacy MR, Reynolds SD, Chiang T. In vivo detection of pulmonary mucociliary clearance: present challenges and future directions. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:240073. [PMID: 39293852 PMCID: PMC11409054 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0073-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary mucociliary clearance (MCC) is an important defence mechanism of the respiratory system and clears pathogens and foreign particles from the airways. Understanding the effect of disease states, drugs, toxins and airway manipulations on MCC could be beneficial in preventing early pulmonary disease and developing new pulmonary therapeutics. This review summarises the current methods and future efforts to detect pulmonary MCC in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada C Sher
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mitchel R Stacy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Susan D Reynolds
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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5
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Lei L, Pan W, Shou X, Shao Y, Ye S, Zhang J, Kolliputi N, Shi L. Nanomaterials-assisted gene editing and synthetic biology for optimizing the treatment of pulmonary diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:343. [PMID: 38890749 PMCID: PMC11186260 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02627-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in gene editing and synthetic biology has emerged as a pivotal strategy in the pursuit of refined treatment methodologies for pulmonary disorders. This review discusses the utilization of nanomaterial-assisted gene editing tools and synthetic biology techniques to promote the development of more precise and efficient treatments for pulmonary diseases. First, we briefly outline the characterization of the respiratory system and succinctly describe the principal applications of diverse nanomaterials in lung ailment treatment. Second, we elaborate on gene-editing tools, their configurations, and assorted delivery methods, while delving into the present state of nanomaterial-facilitated gene-editing interventions for a spectrum of pulmonary diseases. Subsequently, we briefly expound on synthetic biology and its deployment in biomedicine, focusing on research advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary conditions against the backdrop of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Finally, we summarize the extant lacunae in current research and delineate prospects for advancement in this domain. This holistic approach augments the development of pioneering solutions in lung disease treatment, thereby endowing patients with more efficacious and personalized therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Wenjie Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Xin Shou
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Yunyuan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Shuxuan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Liyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China.
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Matsumura E, Nohara K, Fukatsu H, Tanaka N, Fujii N, Sakai T. Effects of Thickening Agents on the Mucociliary Transport Function: Comparison by the Type of Thickening Agents and the Viscosity of Thickened Water. Dysphagia 2024:10.1007/s00455-024-10704-3. [PMID: 38777870 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-024-10704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Thickening agents effectively prevent liquid aspiration, but their impact on the ease of discharging aspirated liquids from the trachea remains unclear due to alterations in the physical properties of liquids. This study clarifies the effects of thickening agents, comprising various raw materials, on mucociliary transport function, focusing on the viscosities of thickened waters. The subjects were 23 healthy adults. Five types of saccharin solution were prepared: a solution without a thickening agent, a starch-based nectar-like solution, a starch-based honey-like solution, a xanthan-gum-based nectar-like solution, and a xanthan-gum-based honey-like solution. Using these five types of saccharin solutions randomly, each subject underwent five trials of the saccharine dye test to evaluate the mucociliary transport function of the respiratory tract. The saccharin time was defined as the time from the placement of the saccharin solution on the nasal vestibule of the subject to when the subject reported that they became aware of the sweetness. The saccharin transit times for all samples of thickened water were longer compared to those of water without a thickening agent (p < 0.01). A comparison between thickened water samples with different viscosities showed that the saccharin transit time was longer when thickened water samples with high viscosity were prepared using the same thickening agent (p < 0.01). This suggests that while thickening reduces aspiration, the use of thickening agents may increase the difficulty in discharging aspirated fluids from the trachea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Matsumura
- Division for Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kanji Nohara
- Department of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hikari Fukatsu
- Department of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Fukatsu Dental Clinic, Mie, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Tanaka
- Division for Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nami Fujii
- Division for Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sakai
- Department of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Takada K, Orba Y, Kida Y, Wu J, Ono C, Matsuura Y, Nakagawa S, Sawa H, Watanabe T. Genes involved in the limited spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the lower respiratory airways of hamsters may be associated with adaptive evolution. J Virol 2024; 98:e0178423. [PMID: 38624229 PMCID: PMC11092350 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01784-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel respiratory viruses can cause a pandemic and then evolve to coexist with humans. The Omicron strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has spread worldwide since its emergence in late 2021, and its sub-lineages are now established in human society. Compared to previous strains, Omicron is markedly less invasive in the lungs and causes less severe disease. One reason for this is that humans are acquiring immunity through previous infection and vaccination, but the nature of the virus itself is also changing. Using our newly established low-volume inoculation system, which reflects natural human infection, we show that the Omicron strain spreads less efficiently into the lungs of hamsters compared with an earlier Wuhan strain. Furthermore, by characterizing chimeric viruses with the Omicron gene in the Wuhan strain genetic background and vice versa, we found that viral genes downstream of ORF3a, but not the S gene, were responsible for the limited spread of the Omicron strain in the lower airways of the virus-infected hamsters. Moreover, molecular evolutionary analysis of SARS-CoV-2 revealed a positive selection of genes downstream of ORF3a (M and E genes). Our findings provide insight into the adaptive evolution of the virus in humans during the pandemic convergence phase.IMPORTANCEThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has spread worldwide since its emergence in late 2021, and its sub-lineages are established in human society. Compared to previous strains, the Omicron strain is less invasive in the lower respiratory tract, including the lungs, and causes less severe disease; however, the mechanistic basis for its restricted replication in the lower airways is poorly understood. In this study, using a newly established low-volume inoculation system that reflects natural human infection, we demonstrated that the Omicron strain spreads less efficiently into the lungs of hamsters compared with an earlier Wuhan strain and found that viral genes downstream of ORF3a are responsible for replication restriction in the lower respiratory tract of Omicron-infected hamsters. Furthermore, we detected a positive selection of genes downstream of ORF3a (especially the M and E genes) in SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that these genes may undergo adaptive changes in humans.
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Grants
- 16H06429, 16K21723, 16H06434, JP22H02521 MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP21H02736 MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP16K21723, JP16H06432 MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- 22K15469, 21J01036 MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP20fk0108281, JP19fk0108113, JP20pc0101047 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP20fk0108401, JP21fk0108493 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP23wm0125008, JP223fa627005 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP19fk018113, JP223fa627002h, 22gm1610010h0001 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JPMJMS2025 MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- JPMJCR20H6 MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- Takeda Science Foundation (TSF)
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Takada
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuko Orba
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yurie Kida
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chikako Ono
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Roth D, Şahin AT, Ling F, Senger CN, Quiroz EJ, Calvert BA, van der Does AM, Güney TG, Tepho N, Glasl S, van Schadewijk A, von Schledorn L, Olmer R, Kanso E, Nawroth JC, Ryan AL. STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS OF MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE IN HUMAN AIRWAYS. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4164522. [PMID: 38746209 PMCID: PMC11092836 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4164522/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Our study focuses on the intricate connection between tissue-level organization and ciliated organ function in humans, particularly in understanding the morphological organization of airways and their role in mucociliary clearance. Mucociliary clearance is a key mechanical defense mechanism of human airways, and clearance failure is associated with many respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. While single-cell transcriptomics have unveiled the cellular complexity of the human airway epithelium, our understanding of the mechanics that link epithelial structure to clearance function mainly stem from animal models. This reliance on animal data limits crucial insights into human airway barrier function and hampers the human-relevant in vitro modeling of airway diseases. This study, for the first time, maps the distribution of ciliated and secretory cell types along the airway tree in both rats and humans, noting species-specific differences in ciliary function and elucidates structural parameters of airway epithelia that predict clearance function in both native and in vitro tissues alike. By uncovering how tissue organization influences ciliary function, we can better understand disruptions in mucociliary clearance, which could have implications for various ciliated organs beyond the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Roth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Ayşe Tuğçe Şahin
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Feng Ling
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Christiana N. Senger
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Erik J. Quiroz
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ben A. Calvert
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anne M. van der Does
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tankut G. Güney
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Niels Tepho
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Sarah Glasl
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Annemarie van Schadewijk
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura von Schledorn
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Eva Kanso
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Janna C. Nawroth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA
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9
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Shao J, Fu P, Wang S, Cheng H, Zhang X. Occupational exposure to silica and risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:231-251. [PMID: 38356028 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although silica is a proven lung carcinogen, there is no convincing evidence linking crystalline silica to gastrointestinal malignancies. METHODS We detailedly searched studies on the link between gastrointestinal malignancies and occupational silica exposure. Studies published between 1987 and 2023 were found by searching PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Further studies were included from reference searching. We conducted a meta-analysis of the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal malignancies and occupational silica exposure. We computed pooled-risk estimates using random effects models. Egger's regression asymmetry test and a funnel plot were used to identify publication bias. Moreover, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were out. RESULTS We identified 40 research with individuals from 13 different countries. The results indicate that occupational silica exposure raises the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer incidence, with pooled standardized incidence ratio of 1.35 (95% CI 1.21-1.51, p < 0.001), 1.31 (95% CI 1.04-1.65, p = 0.023), respectively, but there was a lack of statistically significant relationship between standardized mortality ratio. In addition, we found that silica exposure did not increase the risk of colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Occupational silica exposure was found to increase the risk of liver cancer, with pooled SIR and SMR of 1.19 (95% CI 1.04-1.35, p = 0.009), 1.24 (95% CI 1.03-1.49, p = 0.026), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We discovered a link between occupational silica exposure and gastrointestinal malignancies, with cancers of the liver, stomach, and esophagus being the most prevalent. Colorectal and pancreatic cancer were not linked to occupational silica exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Shao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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10
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Kapıcı Y, Koparal M, Aslan S. Evaluation of Nasal Mucociliary Clearance Time in Patients with Schizophrenia. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1580-1585. [PMID: 38566639 PMCID: PMC10982144 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) is prolonged in patients with olfactory disorders. It is essential to differentially diagnose conductive and neural olfactory disorders. Here, we used the mucociliary clearance test to investigate a disease associated with neural olfactory disorders, i.e. schizophrenia. Data on age, gender, and duration of disease were collected. The study involved 56 schizophrenia patients and 56 healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age and gender (p = 0.459 and p = 0.768 respectively). Mean NMCT of patients with schizophrenia was 13.82 ± 3.22 min and mean NMCT of healthy controls was 10.15 ± 2.94 min. There was significant difference between the groups regarding NMCT (p < 0.001). In the patient group, there was a significant positive correlation between duration of disease, age, and NMCT (Pearson r = 0.286, p = 0.032, and Pearson r = 0.522, p < 0.001 respectively). This study has shown a prolonged NMCT in patients with schizophrenia compared to the healthy control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaşar Kapıcı
- Department of Psychiatry, Adana 5 Ocak State Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Koparal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Sefer Aslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
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11
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Roth D, Şahin AT, Ling F, Senger CN, Quiroz EJ, Calvert BA, van der Does AM, Güney TG, Tepho N, Glasl S, van Schadewijk A, von Schledorn L, Olmer R, Kanso E, Nawroth JC, Ryan AL. STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS OF MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE IN HUMAN AIRWAYS. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.24.572054. [PMID: 38187619 PMCID: PMC10769450 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.24.572054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Mucociliary clearance is a key mechanical defense mechanism of human airways, and clearance failure is linked to major respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. While single-cell transcriptomics have unveiled the cellular complexity of the human airway epithelium, our understanding of the mechanics that link epithelial structure to clearance function mainly stem from animal models. This reliance on animal data limits crucial insights into human airway barrier function and hampers the human-relevant in vitro modeling of airway diseases. Our study fills this crucial knowledge gap and for the first time (1) maps the distribution of ciliated and secretory cell types on the mucosal surface along the proximo-distal axis of the rat and human airway tree, (2) identifies species-specific differences in ciliary beat and clearance function, and (3) elucidates structural parameters of airway epithelia that predict clearance function in both native and in vitro tissues alike. Our broad range of experimental approaches and physics-based modeling translate into generalizable parameters to quantitatively benchmark the human-relevancy of mucociliary clearance in experimental models, and to characterize distinct disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Roth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Ayşe Tuğçe Şahin
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Feng Ling
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Christiana N. Senger
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Erik J. Quiroz
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ben A. Calvert
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anne M. van der Does
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tankut G. Güney
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Niels Tepho
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Sarah Glasl
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
| | - Annemarie van Schadewijk
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura von Schledorn
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Eva Kanso
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Janna C. Nawroth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, and Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, D-81675, Germany
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA
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12
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Koparal M, Kapici Y, Aslan S, Hepkarsi S, Karataş M, Yılmazer C. Evaluation of Nasal Mucociliary Clearance as an Indicator of Nasal Function in Obsessive-Compulsive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:3263-3267. [PMID: 37974878 PMCID: PMC10645981 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This clinical study aimed to compare the mucociliary clearance time in patients with OCD, a disease associated with neural olfactory disorders, with a healthy control group. The mucociliary clearance time of fifty-one patients with OCD and fifty-two healthy patients (control group) was compared. The saccharin nasal mucociliary clearance test (NMCT) was applied and recorded the sociodemographic data of all participants. The NMCT was longer in OCD patients than healthy controls. There was no statistically significant difference in sociodemographic data between the groups. Our results show that olfactory transmission pathways may be affected in OCD patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03972-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Koparal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Yasar Kapici
- Kahta State Hospital Psychiatry Clinic, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Sefer Aslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Hepkarsi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karataş
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Yılmazer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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13
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Tratnjek L, Simić L, Vukelić K, Knežević Z, Kreft ME. Novel nasal formulation of xylometazoline with hyaluronic acid: In vitro ciliary beat frequency study. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:136-146. [PMID: 37804998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute viral rhinosinusitis (viral ARS), or commonly referred to as the "common cold", is caused by respiratory viruses that cause disruption of the airway epithelial barrier and mucociliary dysfunction. Treatment of ARS is mainly symptomatic, with xylometazoline, a direct-acting α-adrenoceptor agonist, commonly used as a nasal decongestant. Unfortunately, this treatment does not resolve the epithelial dysfunction observed in ARS, and its use might negatively impact the nasal mucosa causing issues such as dryness, stinging, burning, rebound congestion, as well as atrophy. In light of this, a novel nasal spray formulation containing both xylometazoline and hyaluronic acid (HA) was developed to provide a more effective and safer treatment for viral ARS. HA is a natural polysaccharide known to hydrate and moisturise the upper respiratory tract, maintain the integrity of the nasal mucosa, and promote mucociliary clearance and wound healing. To investigate the potential of this combination, this study was conducted using the nasal MucilAirTMin vitro model and high-speed phase-contrast microscopy to examine the effect of xylometazoline and HA on ciliary function by measuring ciliary beat frequency and their cytotoxicity by morphological, histological and ultrastructural analysis. This research is the first to assess the effects of a specific dose and molecular weight of HA as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in nasal spray formulations. The combination of a fast-acting decongestant and an additional active agent targeting nasal epithelial dysfunction has the potential to provide an improved, reliable and safe treatment for viral ARS, and may serve as the basis for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Tratnjek
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Laura Simić
- Jadran-galenski Laboratorij d.d., Svilno 20, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Karina Vukelić
- Jadran-galenski Laboratorij d.d., Svilno 20, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zdravka Knežević
- Jadran-galenski Laboratorij d.d., Svilno 20, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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14
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Zhang M, Si SJ, Dai WJ, Yang J, Wang Y, Wei XR, Liu S, Xu CY, Zhang C, Jin F, Jiang LQ. A large particle size is required by a nano/micron sized-fluticasone propionate inhalable suspension for asthma treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113364. [PMID: 37290201 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The nano/micron sized-fluticasone propionate inhalable suspension (FPs) is used for asthma treatment, and this study aimed to elucidate the effects of particle size on the absorption of FPs by various pulmonary cells and the subsequent therapeutic efficacy for asthma. FPs of 727, 1136 and 1612 nm were prepared, and an increase in diameter diminished the endocytosis and macropinocytosis of FPs by alveolar epithelial cells (A549 and Calu-3 cells) but facilitated their uptake by M2-like macrophages; results about the transport across Calu-3 monolayer showed the mucus layer was the main rate-limiting step for the uptake of FPs by epithelial cells; the animal tests showed that although a decrease in diameter improved the pulmonary absorption of FPs, the particle size did not affect the lung distribution of FPs; a further detection revealed that larger FPs were taken more effectively by alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes and exerted a better therapeutic effect on asthma than the smaller ones. This study showed that the particle size of FPs had a significant impact on their absorption, elimination and cellular distribution in the lung after inhalation and further on their effectiveness in asthma treatment, and the particle size of the nano/micron sized-FPs should be designed and optimized for asthma treatment on the premise of meeting the requirements of inhalation preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Su Jia Si
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Wen Jin Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jian Yang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 222002, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiang Rong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Cheng Yi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Shanghai Fangyu Health Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Fang Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Li Qun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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15
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Orfali R, AlFaiz A, Rahman MA, Lau L, Nam YW, Zhang M. K Ca2 and K Ca3.1 Channels in the Airways: A New Therapeutic Target. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1780. [PMID: 37509419 PMCID: PMC10376499 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
K+ channels are involved in many critical functions in lung physiology. Recently, the family of Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCa) has received more attention, and a massive amount of effort has been devoted to developing selective medications targeting these channels. Within the family of KCa channels, three small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2) channel subtypes, together with the intermediate-conductance KCa3.1 channel, are voltage-independent K+ channels, and they mediate Ca2+-induced membrane hyperpolarization. Many KCa2 channel members are involved in crucial roles in physiological and pathological systems throughout the body. In this article, different subtypes of KCa2 and KCa3.1 channels and their functions in respiratory diseases are discussed. Additionally, the pharmacology of the KCa2 and KCa3.1 channels and the link between these channels and respiratory ciliary regulations will be explained in more detail. In the future, specific modulators for small or intermediate Ca2+-activated K+ channels may offer a unique therapeutic opportunity to treat muco-obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Orfali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
- Biomedical Research Administration, Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh 12231, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali AlFaiz
- Biomedical Research Administration, Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh 12231, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Asikur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Liz Lau
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Young-Woo Nam
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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16
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Julia Altube M, Perez N, Lilia Romero E, José Morilla M, Higa L, Paula Perez A. Inhaled lipid nanocarriers for pulmonary delivery of glucocorticoids: previous strategies, recent advances and key factors description. Int J Pharm 2023:123146. [PMID: 37330156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In view of the strong anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids (GC) they are used in the treatment of almost all inflammatory lung diseases. In particular, inhaled GC (IGC) allow high drug concentrations to be deposited in the lung and may reduce the incidence of adverse effects associated with systemic administration. However, rapid absorption through the highly absorbent surface of the lung epithelium may limit the success of localized therapy. Therefore, inhalation of GC incorporated into nanocarriers is a possible approach to overcome this drawback. In particular, lipid nanocarriers, which showed high pulmonary biocompatibility and are well known in the pharmaceutical industry, have the best prospects for pulmonary delivery of GC by inhalation. This review provides an overview of the pre-clinical applications of inhaled GC-lipid nanocarriers based on several key factors that will determine the efficiency of local pulmonary GC delivery: 1) stability to nebulization, 2) deposition profile in the lungs, 3) mucociliary clearance, 4) selective accumulation in target cells, 5) residence time in the lung and systemic absorption and 6) biocompatibility. Finally, novel preclinical pulmonary models for inflammatory lung diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Altube
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Perez
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eder Lilia Romero
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Morilla
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leticia Higa
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Perez
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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17
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Wiranata JA, Puspitaningtyas H, Hutajulu SH, Fachiroh J, Anggorowati N, Sanjaya GY, Lazuardi L, Sripan P. Temporal and spatial analyses of colorectal cancer incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2023; 18. [PMID: 37246534 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2023.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the district-level temporal dynamics and sub-district level geographical variations of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the Yogyakarta population-based cancer registry (PBCR) comprised of 1,593 CRC cases diagnosed in 2008-2019. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) were determined using 2014 population data. The temporal trend and geographical distribution of cases were analysed using joinpoint regression and Moran's I statistics. During 2008-2019, CRC incidence increased by 13.44% annually. Joinpoints were identified in 2014 and 2017, which were also the periods when annual percentage change (APC) was the highest throughout the observation periods (18.84). Significant APC changes were observed in all districts, with the highest in Kota Yogyakarta (15.57). The ASR of CRC incidence per 100,000 person- years was 7.03 in Sleman, 9.20 in Kota Yogyakarta, and 7.07 in Bantul district. We found a regional variation of CRC ASR with a concentrated pattern of hotspots in the central sub-districts of the catchment areas and a significant positive spatial autocorrelation of CRC incidence rates in the province (I=0.581, p<0.001). The analysis identified four high-high clusters sub-districts in the central catchment areas. This is the first Indonesian study reported from PBCR data, showing an increased annual CRC incidence during an extensive observation period in the Yogyakarta region. A heterogeneous distribution map of CRC incidence is included. These findings may serve as basis for CRC screening implementation and healthcare services improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Adrian Wiranata
- Academic Hospital; Master Program in Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
| | - Herindita Puspitaningtyas
- Doctorate Program of Health and Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
| | - Susanna Hilda Hutajulu
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Jajah Fachiroh
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
| | - Nungki Anggorowati
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta.
| | - Guardian Yoki Sanjaya
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
| | - Lutfan Lazuardi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
| | - Patumrat Sripan
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai.
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18
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Tu B, Gao Y, An X, Wang H, Huang Y. Localized delivery of nanomedicine and antibodies for combating COVID-19. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1828-1846. [PMID: 36168329 PMCID: PMC9502448 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been a major health burden in the world. So far, many strategies have been investigated to control the spread of COVID-19, including social distancing, disinfection protocols, vaccines, and antiviral treatments. Despite the significant achievement, due to the constantly emerging new variants, COVID-19 is still a great challenge to the global healthcare system. It is an urgent demand for the development of new therapeutics and technologies for containing the wild spread of SARS-CoV-2. Inhaled administration is useful for the treatment of lung and respiratory diseases, and enables the drugs to reach the site of action directly with benefits of decreased dose, improved safety, and enhanced patient compliance. Nanotechnology has been extensively applied in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In this review, the inhaled nanomedicines and antibodies, as well as intranasal nanodrugs, for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinran An
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
- Taizhou University, School of Advanced Study, Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Product, Taizhou 318000, China
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Pillai K, Mekkawy AH, Akhter J, Morris DL. Effect of Nebulized BromAc on Rheology of Artificial Sputum: Relevance to Muco-Obstructive Respiratory Diseases. Adv Respir Med 2023; 91:146-163. [PMID: 37102780 PMCID: PMC10135762 DOI: 10.3390/arm91020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis, COPD, and COVID-19 are difficult to treat owing to viscous secretions in the airways that evade mucocilliary clearance. Earlier studies have shown success with BromAc as a mucolytic agent. Hence, we tested the formulation on two gelatinous airway representative sputa models, to determine whether similar efficacy exist. Sputum lodged in an endotracheal tube was treated to aerosol N-acetylcysteine, bromelain, or their combination (BromAc). After measuring the particle size of aerosolized BromAc, the apparent viscosity was measured using a capillary tube method, whilst the sputum flow was assessed using a 0.5 mL pipette. Further, the concentration of the agents in the sputa after treatment were quantified using chromogenic assays. The interaction index of the different formulations was also determined. Results indicated that the mean particle size of BromAc was suitable for aerosol delivery. Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine affected both the viscosities and pipette flow in the two sputa models. BromAc showed a greater rheological effect on both the sputa models compared to individual agents. Further, a correlation was found between the rheological effects and the concentration of agents in the sputa. The combination index using viscosity measurements showed synergy only with 250 µg/mL bromelain + 20 mg/mL NAC whilst flow speed showed synergy for both combinations of bromelain (125 and 250 µg/mL) with 20 mg/mL NAC. Hence, this study indicates that BromAc may be used as a successful mucolytic for clearing airway congestion caused by thick mucinous immobile secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Pillai
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Ahmed H. Mekkawy
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Javed Akhter
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - David L. Morris
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
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20
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Rojas-Quintero J, Laucho-Contreras ME, Wang X, Fucci QA, Burkett PR, Kim SJ, Zhang D, Tesfaigzi Y, Li Y, Bhashyam AR, Li Z, Khamas H, Celli B, Pilon AL, Polverino F, Owen CA. CC16 augmentation reduces exaggerated COPD-like disease in Cc16-deficient mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:130771. [PMID: 36787195 PMCID: PMC10070105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low Club Cell 16 kDa protein (CC16) plasma levels are linked to accelerated lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoke-exposed (CS-exposed) Cc16-/- mice have exaggerated COPD-like disease associated with increased NF-κB activation in their lungs. It is unclear whether CC16 augmentation can reverse exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice and whether increased NF-κB activation contributes to the exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. CS-exposed WT and Cc16-/- mice were treated with recombinant human CC16 (rhCC16) or an NF-κB inhibitor versus vehicle beginning at the midpoint of the exposures. COPD-like disease and NF-κB activation were measured in the lungs. RhCC16 limited the progression of emphysema, small airway fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis-like disease in WT and Cc16-/- mice partly by reducing pulmonary inflammation (reducing myeloid leukocytes and/or increasing regulatory T and/or B cells) and alveolar septal cell apoptosis, reducing NF-κB activation in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs, and rescuing the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. IMD0354 treatment reduced exaggerated lung inflammation and rescued the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice. RhCC16 treatment reduced NF-κB activation in luciferase reporter A549 cells. Thus, rhCC16 treatment limits COPD progression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice partly by inhibiting NF-κB activation and represents a potentially novel therapeutic approach for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Quynh-Anh Fucci
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick R Burkett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhiram R Bhashyam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhang Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haider Khamas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bartolome Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Francesca Polverino
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Noël F, Mauroy B. Propagation of an idealized infection in an airway tree, consequences of the inflammation on the oxygen transfer to blood. J Theor Biol 2023; 561:111405. [PMID: 36639022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A mathematical model of infection, inflammation and immune response in an idealized bronchial tree is developed. This work is based on a model from the literature that is extended to account for the propagation dynamics of an infection between the airways. The inflammation affects the size of the airways, the air flows distribution in the airway tree, and, consequently, the oxygen transfers to blood. We test different infections outcomes and propagation speed. In the hypotheses of our model, the inflammation can reduce notably and sometimes drastically the oxygen flow to blood. Our model predicts how the air flows and oxygen exchanges reorganize in the tree during an infection. Our results highlight the links between the localization of the infection and the amplitude of the loss of oxygen flow to blood. We show that a compensation phenomena due to the reorganization of the flow exists, but that it remains marginal unless the power produced the ventilation muscles is increased. Our model forms a first step towards a better understanding of the dynamics of bronchial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Noël
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, LJAD, Vader center, Nice, France; INRIA Paris, France.
| | - Benjamin Mauroy
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, LJAD, Vader center, Nice, France.
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22
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Behr W, Li H, Birk R, Nastev A, Kramer B, Klein S, Stuck BA, Birk CE. Impact of Bepanthen ® and dexpanthenol on human nasal ciliary beat frequency in vitro. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023:10.1007/s00405-023-07916-y. [PMID: 36920556 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexpanthenol-containing ointments/fluids are recommended to restore impaired nasal mucosa. To date, there are no data about the influence of dexpanthenol or formulations including dexpanthenol on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of nasal epithelial cells. METHODS We tested the ciliary beat frequency of human nasal epithelial cells in RPMI 1640 cell solution using in vitro high-frequency video microscopy every 60 s over a period of 15 min (min). Bepanthen® solution and dexpanthenol in two clinically relevant concentrations (1.67% and 3.33%) were added to the cells. Addition of sterile water served as control group. To get a better overview, the measurements after 1 min, 5 min and 15 min were combined. RESULTS The CBF in the control group (n = 17) after 15 min was 7.3 ± 2.6 Hz. In comparison, the CBF after 15 min was 1.8 ± 1.0 Hz in the 3.33% Bepanthen® group (n = 17) and 3.2 ± 1.2 Hz in the 1.67% group, which was statistically significantly lower in both groups (p < 0.001). With regard to the dexpanthenol group (n = 17) a CBF of 6.0 ± 2.6 Hz with 3.33% and 6.1 ± 2.4 Hz with 1.67% dexpanthenol, was detected, which was again statistically significantly lower (p = 0.06) compared to the control group except CBF at 15 min with 1.57% (n = 17; p = 0.04). In general, the effect on CBF was less pronounced with dexpanthenol compared with Bepanthen® with a statistically significant difference between the two formulations. The results were verified by calculating an analysis of variance (ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS Bepanthen® as an ointment, solution or inhalation is commonly used in ENT for mucosal care. Our results have shown that both substances reduce CBF in clinically relevant concentrations, although the effect was more pronounced with Bepanthen® compared to dexpanthenol solution, which could be related to additives or change of physical properties in the solution. Further research is needed to assess potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieland Behr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | - H Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - R Birk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - A Nastev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - B Kramer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - S Klein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - B A Stuck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - C E Birk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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23
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Feng Q, Feng Z, Yang B, Han S, Wen S, Lu G, Jin R, Xu B, Zhang H, Xu L, Xie Z. Metatranscriptome Reveals Specific Immune and Microbial Signatures of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0410722. [PMID: 36861979 PMCID: PMC10100699 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04107-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequently detected respiratory virus in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection. Previous transcriptome studies have focused on systemic transcriptional profiles in blood and have not compared the expression of multiple viral transcriptomes. Here, we sought to compare transcriptome responses to infection with four common respiratory viruses for children (respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza virus, and human metapneumovirus) in respiratory samples. Transcriptomic analysis showed that cilium organization and assembly were common pathways related to viral infection. Compared with other virus infections, collagen generation pathways were distinctively enriched in RSV infection. We identified two interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), CXCL11 and IDO1, which were upregulated to a greater extent in the RSV group. In addition, a deconvolution algorithm was used to analyze the composition of immune cells in respiratory tract samples. The proportions of dendritic cells and neutrophils in the RSV group were significantly higher than those in the other virus groups. The RSV group exhibited a higher richness of Streptococcus than the other virus groups. The concordant and discordant responses mapped out here provide a window to explore the pathophysiology of the host response to RSV. Last, according to host-microbe network interference, RSV may disrupt respiratory microbial composition by changing the immune microenvironment. IMPORTANCE In the present study, we demonstrated the comparative results of host responses to infection between RSV and other three common respiratory viruses for children. The comparative transcriptomics study of respiratory samples sheds light on the significant roles that ciliary organization and assembly, extracellular matrix changes, and microbial interactions play in the pathogenesis of RSV infection. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the recruitment of neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs) in the respiratory tract is more substantial in RSV infection than in other viral infections. Finally, we discovered that RSV infection dramatically increased the expression of two ISGs (CXCL11 and IDO1) and the abundance of Streptococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziheng Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Vision Medicals Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuaibing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shunhang Wen
- Department of Children’s Respiration disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gen Lu
- Guiyang Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Guiyang Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases I, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Children’s Respiration disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Rasai D, Hosseinian SA, Asasi K, Shekarforosh SS, Tafti K. The beneficial effects of spraying of probiotic Bacillus and Lactobacillus bacteria on broiler chickens experimentally infected with avian influenza virus H9N2. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102669. [PMID: 37146538 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the clinical, antiviral, and immunological effects of spraying Bacillus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. as a single or mixture probiotic compound on experimentally infected broiler chickens with AIV H9N2. Two hundred and forty 1-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to 6 groups as follows: Ctrl- (no challenge AIV; no spray probiotic), Ctrl+ (AIV challenged; no spray probiotic), AI+B (AIV challenged; daily spraying of probiotic Bacillus spp.), AI+L group (AIV challenged; daily spraying of probiotic Lactobacillus spp.), AIV+BL (AIV challenged; daily spraying of probiotic Bacillus spp. and Lactobacillus spp.), and G-DW (daily spraying of normal saline; no AIV challenged). The birds were reared for 35 d. On the 22nd day of age, broiler chickens were challenged by AIV H9N2. The probiotics were sprayed at 9×109 CFU/m2 daily for 35 d. Growth performance, clinical signs, virus shedding, macroscopic and microscopic lesions were evaluated at various days in all groups. Spraying with probiotics improved the body weight gain and food conversion ratio in the AI+B, AI+L, and AI+BL groups compared to the Ctrl+. The severity of clinical signs, gross lesions, pathological lesions and viral shedding in the probiotic treatment groups was lower than in the Ctrl+ group. The findings of this study suggest the daily spraying of Lactobacillus and Bacillus probiotics alone or in combination during the rearing period reduce clinical and nonclinical aspects of H9N2 virus infection; so, it can be effective as a preventive protocol for controlling the severity of AIV H9N2 infection in broilers.
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25
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Kara İ, Öztürk İ, Doğaner A, Yıldız MG, Güzel FB, Kılıç A, Orhan İ, Altınören O. The effect of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease on mucociliary clearance. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:2359-2364. [PMID: 36854810 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a renal disease with genetic transmisson. Mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, which encode integral membrane proteins of the cilia of primary renal tubule epithelial cells, are seen in ADPKD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sinonasal epithelium, which is epithelium with cilia, by measuring the nasal mucociliary clearance time, and to investigate the effect of ADPKD on nasal mucociliary clearance. METHODS The study included 34 patients, selected from patients followed up in the Nephrology Clinic, and 34 age and gender-matched control group subjects. The nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) was measured with the saccharin test. RESULTS The mean age of the study subjects was 47.15 ± 14.16 years in the patient group and 47.65 ± 13.85 years in the control group. The eGFR rate was determined as mean 72.06 ± 34.26 mL/min in the patient group and 99.79 ± 17.22 mL/min in the control group (p < 0.001). The NMCT was determined to be statistically significantly longer in the patient group (903.6 ± 487.8 s) than in the control group (580 ± 259 s) (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS The study results showed that the NMCT was statistically significantly longer in patients with ADPKD compared to the control group, but in the linear regression analysis results, no correlation was determined between eGFR and NMCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrfan Kara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | - İlyas Öztürk
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Adem Doğaner
- Department of Bioistatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Gazi Yıldız
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betül Güzel
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kılıç
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - İsrafil Orhan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Orçun Altınören
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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26
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Liu H, Zhang X, Sun Z, Chen Y. Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:141-156. [PMID: 36688945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of cancer has placed an enormous health and economic burden on countries around the world. In addition to evidence of epidemiological studies, conclusive evidence from animal experiments and mechanistic studies have also shown that morbidity and mortality of some cancers can be attributed to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, especially in lung cancer. However, the underlying carcinogenetic mechanisms of PM2.5 remain unclear. Furthermore, in terms of risks of other types of cancer, both epidemiological and mechanistic evidence are more limited and scattered, and the results are also inconsistent. In order to sort out the carcinogenic effect of PM2.5, this paper reviews the association of cancers with PM2.5 based on epidemiological and biological evidence including genetic, epigenetic, and molecular mechanisms. The limitations of existing researches and the prospects for the future are also well clarified in this paper to provide insights for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanrui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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27
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Saito D, Suzuki C, Tanaka S, Hosogi S, Kawaguchi K, Asano S, Okamoto S, Yasuda M, Hirano S, Inui T, Marunaka Y, Nakahari T. Ambroxol-enhanced ciliary beating via voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in mouse airway ciliated cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175496. [PMID: 36642128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ambroxol (ABX) facilitates the mucociliary clearance (MC) by enhancing ciliary beating in airways. In this study, we focused on airway ciliary beating enhanced by ABX. However, little is known about the ABX-stimulated Ca2+ signalling activating airway ciliary beating. Airway ciliated cells isolated from mice lungs were observed by a high-speed video microscope, and the activities of beating cilia were assessed by CBF (ciliary beat frequency) and CBD (ciliary bend distance, an index of amplitude). ABX (10 μM) enhanced the CBF and CBD by 30%, and the enhancement was inhibited by nifedipine (20 μM, a L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (CaV) inhibitor), or a Ca2+-free solution (approximately 50%). Pre-treatment with BAPTA-AM (10 μM, a chelator of intracellular Ca2+) abolished ABX-stimulated increases in CBF, CBD and [Ca2+]i. Thus, ABX increases [Ca2+]i (intracellular Ca2+ concentration) by stimulating Ca2+ release from the internal stores and nifedipine-sensitive Ca2+ entry. A previous study demonstrated the expression of CaV1.2 in airway cilia. ABX enhanced CBF, CBD and [Ca2+]i even in a high extracellular K+ concentration (155.5 mM), suggesting that it activates CaV1.2 except by depolarization. These enhancements were inhibited by nifedipine. In conclusion, ABX, which increases [Ca2+]i by stimulating Ca2+ release from internal stores and Ca2+ entry through CaV1.2s, enhanced CBF and CBD in airway ciliated cells. ABX is a novel agonist that modulates CaV1.2 of airway beating cilia to enhance CBF and CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Saito
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Chihiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Japan
| | - Saori Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Japan
| | - Shigekuni Hosogi
- Department of Clinical and Translational Physiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shohta Okamoto
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshio Inui
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Saisei Mirai Clinics, Moriguchi, 570-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahari
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan.
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Usenko DV, Aryayev ML. EFFECT OF HIGH-FREQUENCY CHEST WALL OSCILLATION ON CLINICAL INDICES OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 75:3004-3009. [PMID: 36723318 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202212119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To study the effect of high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) on clinical indices of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The main clinical symptoms were assessed in 107 children (girls - 45.79% and boys - 54.21%) aged 6 to 17 years with acute and uncomplicated course of CAP of moderate severity. The main group (MG) consisted of 55 children who were prescribed basic therapy (BT) in combination with HFCWO procedures. The control group (CG) comprised 52 children who received BT exclusively. RESULTS Results: In the children of MG, the intensity of cough decreased to 0.28 ± 0.06 points compared with children of CG - 0.5 ± 0.07 points (p <0.05) on the 10th day of treatment. A positive dynamics of CAP in the form of the amount of sputum reduction was revealed in the MG children up to 0.06 ± 0.03 points compared with the CG children - 0.42 ± 0.07 (p <0.05). On the 10th day of therapy the MG children with CAP had decrease in the number of râles in the lungs up to 0.08 ± 0.04 points compared with those of CG - 0.4 ± 0.07 points (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Conclusions: High efficacy of HFCWO method in complex treatment of CAP in children is confirmed by the dynamics of the main clinical symptoms, such as reduction of intensity and productivity of cough as well as absence shortness of breath and moist râles in the lungs. The data obtained indicate recovery of mucociliary clearance (MCC) functions and the bronchopulmonary system as a whole.
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Grimm D, Hwang PH, Lin YT. The link between allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 31:3-10. [PMID: 36729858 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are common disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Although allergic rhinitis and CRS are distinct clinical entities, certain CRS endotypes share similar pathological mechanisms as those seen in patients with allergic rhinitis. This review assesses the literature behind the similarities and differences seen in patients with CRS and allergic rhinitis, and the role atopy might play in the pathophysiology of CRS. RECENT FINDINGS In examining the associations between allergic rhinitis and CRS, most studies have focused primarily on CRS with nasal polyps and type 2 inflammation in CRS. Recent studies have demonstrated the similarities and differences in pathologic mechanisms behind allergic rhinitis and CRS, with an emphasis on patient endotypes, genetics, and the nasoepithelial immunologic barrier. Related immunopathology shared by allergic rhinitis and type 2 inflammation in CRS has allowed for therapeutic overlap with biologic treatments. SUMMARY Allergic rhinitis and CRS often present as comorbid conditions, and understanding the relationship between allergic rhinitis and CRS is important when considering treatment options. Advances in understanding the genetics and immunology, as well as biologic and immunotherapeutic treatments have improved outcomes in patients with CRS, especially in the setting of atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter H Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yi-Tsen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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30
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Chung SY, Halderman AA. Tips and tricks for management of the dysfunctional maxillary sinus. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 31:24-32. [PMID: 36484283 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the various factors associated with the most common cause of maxillary sinus dysfunction; recalcitrant chronic maxillary sinusitis (RCMS). In addition, available medical and surgical management options are discussed along with various tips and tricks for optimal management. RECENT FINDINGS Defects in mucociliary clearance, immunodeficiency, anatomic factors, and infectious etiologies have been implicated in dysfunction of the maxillary sinus leading to RCMS. Medical management including oral antibiotics or topical drugs have shown varying degrees of success. Endoscopic modified medial maxillectomy (EMMM) has been shown to significantly improve symptoms in patients with RCMS. SUMMARY A dysfunctional maxillary sinus presents a clinical challenge. A thorough evaluation of any potential contributing factors must be done in addition to an assessment of the adequacy of prior surgical treatment of the maxillary sinus. Beyond the middle meatal antrostomy, EMMM can be used to effectively address RCMS. In cases that fail EMMM, removal of the condemned mucosa to encourage auto-obliteration of the sinus can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Y Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
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31
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Gurov AV, Yushkina MA, Muzhichkova AV. [Postviral rhinosinusitis, focus on pathogenetic therapy]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2023; 88:38-43. [PMID: 37450389 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20228803138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the problem of acute rhinosinusitis continues to be relevant due to the frequent occurrence of this pathology. A certain difficulty is caused by the differential diagnosis of viral, post-viral and bacterial forms of rhinosinusitis, which carries the risks of irrational therapy. The authors of the article discuss the role of a viral infection in the etiology and pathogenesis of acute rhinosinusitis, the stages in the development of an inflammatory reaction on the mucous membrane of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and the disruption of mucociliary clearance. The authors consider options for the pathogenetic therapy of postviral sinusitis, concluding that the use of local combined preparations containing the mucolytic acetylcysteine and the vasoconstrictor component of tuaminoheptane sulfate is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Gurov
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Yushkina
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Muzhichkova
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
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32
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Sun Q, Dong J, Zhang Y, Tian L, Tu J. Numerical modelling of micron particle inhalation in a realistic nasal airway with pediatric adenoid hypertrophy: A virtual comparison between pre- and postoperative models. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1083699. [PMID: 36911037 PMCID: PMC9996336 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1083699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is an obstructive condition due to enlarged adenoids, causing mouth breathing, nasal blockage, snoring and/or restless sleep. While reliable diagnostic techniques, such as lateral soft tissue x-ray imaging or flexible nasopharyngoscopy, have been widely adopted in general practice, the actual impact of airway obstruction on nasal airflow and inhalation exposure to drug aerosols remains largely unknown. In this study, the effects of adenoid hypertrophy on airflow and micron particle inhalation exposure characteristics were analysed by virtually comparing pre- and postoperative models based on a realistic 3-year-old nasal airway with AH. More specifically, detailed comparison focused on anatomical shape variations, overall airflow and olfactory ventilation, associated particle deposition in overall and local regions were conducted. Our results indicate that the enlarged adenoid tissue can significantly alter the airflow fields. By virtually removing the enlarged tissue and restoring the airway, peak velocity and wall shear stress were restored, and olfactory ventilation was considerably improved (with a 16∼63% improvement in terms of local ventilation speed). Furthermore, particle deposition results revealed that nasal airway with AH exhibits higher particle filtration tendency with densely packed deposition hot spots being observed along the floor region and enlarged adenoid tissue area. While for the postoperative model, the deposition curve was shifted to the right. The local deposition efficiency results demonstrated that more particles with larger inertia can be delivered to the targeted affected area following Adenoidectomy (Adenoid Removal). Research findings are expected to provide scientific evidence for adenoidectomy planning and aerosol therapy following Adenoidectomy, which can substantially improve present clinical treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Sun
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jingliang Dong
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Tian
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiyuan Tu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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33
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Mardikasari SA, Sipos B, Csóka I, Katona G. Nasal route for antibiotics delivery: Advances, challenges and future opportunities applying the quality by design concepts. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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34
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McKay S, Teitsma-Jansen A, Floris E, Dekker T, Smids B, Khurshid R, Calame W, Kardinaal A, Lutter R, Albers R. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Carrot-Derived Rhamnogalacturonan-I (cRG-I) on Accelerated Protective Immune Responses and Quality of Life in Healthy Volunteers Challenged with Rhinovirus in a Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:4258. [PMID: 36296939 PMCID: PMC9607575 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An adequate and balanced supply of nutrients is essential for maintaining health, and an optimal immune response is fast, contained and properly controlled, curbing infections quickly while minimizing damage. Several micronutrients contribute to normal immune function and certain dietary fibers, for example pectic polysaccharides, can play an important role in educating and regulating immune cell responses. The aim of this paper is to elaborate on our initial findings that dietary supplementation with carrot-derived rhamnogalacturonan-I (cRG-I) accelerates and augments local innate immune and anti-viral interferon response to a rhinovirus-16 (RV16) infection and reduces the severity and duration of symptoms in humans. Dietary intake of cRG-I also enhanced immune responses to this respiratory viral infection as measured by ex vivo stimulation of whole blood with the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and NK cell function. Consumption of cRG-I also reduced the negative effects of this common cold infection on quality of life as assessed by individual symptom scores. RG-I from carrot is a safe, sustainable, and economically viable solution that could easily be integrated into food products and dietary supplements aiming to support immune fitness and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue McKay
- NutriLeads B.V., Bronland 12-N, 6708 WH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Teitsma-Jansen
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tamara Dekker
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Smids
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ridha Khurshid
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Calame
- StatistiCal B.V., Strandwal 148, 2241 MN Wassenaar, The Netherlands
| | | | - René Lutter
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Albers
- NutriLeads B.V., Bronland 12-N, 6708 WH Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nováková A, Šíma M, Slanař O. Factors Affecting Drug Exposure after Inhalation. Prague Med Rep 2022; 123:129-139. [PMID: 36107443 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2022.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of drugs by inhalation is mainly used to treat lung diseases and is being investigated as a possible route for systemic drug delivery. It offers several benefits, but it is also fraught with many difficulties. The lung is a complex organ with complicated physiology and specific pharmacokinetic processes. Therefore, the exposure and subsequently efficacy of a drug after inhalation is affected by a number of factors. In this review, we summarize the main variables that may affect drug fate after inhalation delivery, such as physicochemical properties of the drug, pulmonary clearance and metabolism, pathophysiological factors and inhalation device. Factors that have impact on pharmacokinetic processes need to be considered during development as their correct setting can lead to new effective inhaled drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anežka Nováková
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Šíma
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Slanař
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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36
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An innovative one step green supercritical CO 2 process for the production of liposomes co-encapsulating both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic compound for pulmonary administration. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122212. [PMID: 36150416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Budesonide and salbutamol-loaded liposomes were prepared using an innovative one step supercritical CO2 method without any use of organic solvents. Liposomes composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and PEGylated lipid (65/30/5% (m/m)) were produced with a size less than 200 nm, a PdI within the range of 0.3 and 0.35 and encapsulation efficiency for budesonide and salbutamol reaching to 94% and 40% respectively. The physical stability of the formulation was improved by optimizing a dry form by freeze-drying with trehalose in a 20:1 (trehalose:lipid) ratio and an increase in the percentage of PEGylated lipid from 5% to 15%. This dry form stored at 4°C maintains 90-110% of the initial concentration of active compounds. The concentration of budesonide and salbutamol after 15 weeks was 522.92 ± 73.01 µg/mL and 144.86 ± 31.22 µg/mL respectively. These concentrations are close to the concentrations of these molecules in the pharmaceutical products Pulmicort® (500 µg/mL of budesonide) and Ventolin® (100 µg/dose). The formulation tested on lung cells, allows a cell viability of 71 ± 6%, which is not significantly different from untreated cells.
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37
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Nan K, Feig VR, Ying B, Howarth JG, Kang Z, Yang Y, Traverso G. Mucosa-interfacing electronics. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2022; 7:908-925. [PMID: 36124042 PMCID: PMC9472746 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-022-00477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The surface mucosa that lines many of our organs houses myriad biometric signals and, therefore, has great potential as a sensor-tissue interface for high-fidelity and long-term biosensing. However, progress is still nascent for mucosa-interfacing electronics owing to challenges with establishing robust sensor-tissue interfaces; device localization, retention and removal; and power and data transfer. This is in sharp contrast to the rapidly advancing field of skin-interfacing electronics, which are replacing traditional hospital visits with minimally invasive, real-time, continuous and untethered biosensing. This Review aims to bridge the gap between skin-interfacing electronics and mucosa-interfacing electronics systems through a comparison of the properties and functions of the skin and internal mucosal surfaces. The major physiological signals accessible through mucosa-lined organs are surveyed and design considerations for the next generation of mucosa-interfacing electronics are outlined based on state-of-the-art developments in bio-integrated electronics. With this Review, we aim to inspire hardware solutions that can serve as a foundation for developing personalized biosensing from the mucosa, a relatively uncharted field with great scientific and clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewang Nan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Vivian R. Feig
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Binbin Ying
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Julia G. Howarth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ziliang Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yiyuan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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38
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Fan Y, Yang Z. Inhaled siRNA Formulations for Respiratory Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Application. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1193. [PMID: 35745766 PMCID: PMC9227582 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of siRNA technology has provided new opportunities for gene-specific inhibition and knockdown, as well as new ideas for the treatment of disease. Four siRNA drugs have already been approved for marketing. However, the instability of siRNA in vivo makes systemic delivery ineffective. Inhaled siRNA formulations can deliver drugs directly to the lung, showing great potential for treating respiratory diseases. The clinical applications of inhaled siRNA formulations still face challenges because effective delivery of siRNA to the lung requires overcoming the pulmonary and cellular barriers. This paper reviews the research progress for siRNA inhalation formulations for the treatment of various respiratory diseases and summarizes the chemical structural modifications and the various delivery systems for siRNA. Finally, we conclude the latest clinical application research for inhaled siRNA formulations and discuss the potential difficulty in efficient clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhijun Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Rd., Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China;
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39
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Jackson CL, Bottier M. Methods for the assessment of human airway ciliary function. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02300-2021. [PMID: 35595315 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02300-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Jackson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK .,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Mathieu Bottier
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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40
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Farcas MT, McKinney W, Coyle J, Orandle M, Mandler WK, Stefaniak AB, Bowers L, Battelli L, Richardson D, Hammer MA, Friend SA, Service S, Kashon M, Qi C, Hammond DR, Thomas TA, Matheson J, Qian Y. Evaluation of Pulmonary Effects of 3-D Printer Emissions From Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Using an Air-Liquid Interface Model of Primary Normal Human-Derived Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Int J Toxicol 2022; 41:312-328. [PMID: 35586871 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221093605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the inhalation toxicity of the emissions from 3-D printing with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament using an air-liquid interface (ALI) in vitro model. Primary normal human-derived bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEs) were exposed to ABS filament emissions in an ALI for 4 hours. The mean and mode diameters of ABS emitted particles in the medium were 175 ± 24 and 153 ± 15 nm, respectively. The average particle deposition per surface area of the epithelium was 2.29 × 107 ± 1.47 × 107 particle/cm2, equivalent to an estimated average particle mass of 0.144 ± 0.042 μg/cm2. Results showed exposure of NHBEs to ABS emissions did not significantly affect epithelium integrity, ciliation, mucus production, nor induce cytotoxicity. At 24 hours after the exposure, significant increases in the pro-inflammatory markers IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, VEGF, MCP-1, and MIP-1α were noted in the basolateral cell culture medium of ABS-exposed cells compared to non-exposed chamber control cells. Results obtained from this study correspond with those from our previous in vivo studies, indicating that the increase in inflammatory mediators occur without associated membrane damage. The combination of the exposure chamber and the ALI-based model is promising for assessing 3-D printer emission-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana T Farcas
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Walter McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jayme Coyle
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Marlene Orandle
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - W Kyle Mandler
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Aleksandr B Stefaniak
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lauren Bowers
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lori Battelli
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Diana Richardson
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mary A Hammer
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sherri A Friend
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Samantha Service
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Chaolong Qi
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Duane R Hammond
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Treye A Thomas
- Respiratory Health Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Joanna Matheson
- Respiratory Health Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Yong Qian
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, 114426National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Schreiner T, Allnoch L, Beythien G, Marek K, Becker K, Schaudien D, Stanelle-Bertram S, Schaumburg B, Mounogou Kouassi N, Beck S, Zickler M, Gabriel G, Baumgärtner W, Armando F, Ciurkiewicz M. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dysregulates Cilia and Basal Cell Homeostasis in the Respiratory Epithelium of Hamsters. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5124. [PMID: 35563514 PMCID: PMC9102945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to many other respiratory viruses, SARS-CoV-2 targets the ciliated cells of the respiratory epithelium and compromises mucociliary clearance, thereby facilitating spread to the lungs and paving the way for secondary infections. A detailed understanding of mechanism involved in ciliary loss and subsequent regeneration is crucial to assess the possible long-term consequences of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to characterize the sequence of histological and ultrastructural changes observed in the ciliated epithelium during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the golden Syrian hamster model. We show that acute infection induces a severe, transient loss of cilia, which is, at least in part, caused by cilia internalization. Internalized cilia colocalize with membrane invaginations, facilitating virus entry into the cell. Infection also results in a progressive decline in cells expressing the regulator of ciliogenesis FOXJ1, which persists beyond virus clearance and the termination of inflammatory changes. Ciliary loss triggers the mobilization of p73+ and CK14+ basal cells, which ceases after regeneration of the cilia. Although ciliation is restored after two weeks despite the lack of FOXJ1, an increased frequency of cilia with ultrastructural alterations indicative of secondary ciliary dyskinesia is observed. In summary, the work provides new insights into SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and expands our understanding of virally induced damage to defense mechanisms in the conducting airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Schreiner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Lisa Allnoch
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Georg Beythien
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Marek
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Hanover, Germany;
| | - Stephanie Stanelle-Bertram
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Berfin Schaumburg
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Nancy Mounogou Kouassi
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Martin Zickler
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Department for Viral Zoonoses-One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.S.-B.); (B.S.); (N.M.K.); (S.B.); (M.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany
| | - Federico Armando
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (T.S.); (L.A.); (G.B.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
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Goetz RL, Vijaykumar K, Solomon GM. Mucus Clearance Strategies in Mechanically Ventilated Patients. Front Physiol 2022; 13:834716. [PMID: 35399263 PMCID: PMC8984116 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.834716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of airway clearance strategies as supplementary treatment in respiratory disease has been best investigated in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE), conditions which are traditionally characterized by excessive mucus stasis and mucociliary dysfunction. A variety of airway clearance therapies both pharmacological and non-pharmacological have been shown to ameliorate disease progression in this population and have hence been assimilated into routine respiratory care. This self-propagating cycle of mucus retention and airway damage leading to chronic inflammation and infections can also be applied to patients with respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, excessive trachea-bronchial secretions have been associated with extubation failure presenting an opportunity for intervention. Evidence for the use of adjunctive mucoactive agents and other therapies to facilitate secretion clearance in these patients are not well defined, and this subgroup still remains largely underrepresented in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the role of mucus clearance techniques with a proven benefit in patients with CF and NCFBE, and their potential role in patients requiring mechanical ventilation while highlighting the need for standardization and adoption of mucus clearance strategies in these patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L. Goetz
- Department of Medicine, Tinsley Harrison Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kadambari Vijaykumar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - George M. Solomon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: George M. Solomon,
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Luettich K, Sharma M, Yepiskoposyan H, Breheny D, Lowe FJ. An Adverse Outcome Pathway for Decreased Lung Function Focusing on Mechanisms of Impaired Mucociliary Clearance Following Inhalation Exposure. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:750254. [PMID: 35295103 PMCID: PMC8915806 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.750254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) help to organize available mechanistic information related to an adverse outcome into key events (KEs) spanning all organizational levels of a biological system(s). AOPs, therefore, aid in the biological understanding of a particular pathogenesis and also help with linking exposures to eventual toxic effects. In the regulatory context, knowledge of disease mechanisms can help design testing strategies using in vitro methods that can measure or predict KEs relevant to the biological effect of interest. The AOP described here evaluates the major processes known to be involved in regulating efficient mucociliary clearance (MCC) following exposures causing oxidative stress. MCC is a key aspect of the innate immune defense against airborne pathogens and inhaled chemicals and is governed by the concerted action of its functional components, the cilia and airway surface liquid (ASL). The AOP network described here consists of sequences of KEs that culminate in the modulation of ciliary beat frequency and ASL height as well as mucus viscosity and hence, impairment of MCC, which in turn leads to decreased lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsta Luettich
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Monita Sharma
- PETA Science Consortium International e.V., Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hasmik Yepiskoposyan
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Breheny
- British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd., Group Research and Development, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Frazer J Lowe
- Broughton Nicotine Services, Earby, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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Pritchett N, Spangler EC, Gray GM, Livinski AA, Sampson JN, Dawsey SM, Jones RR. Exposure to Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:36001. [PMID: 35234536 PMCID: PMC8890324 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a known lung carcinogen, but research investigating the association between particulate matter (PM) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is limited. OBJECTIVES We sought to review the epidemiologic literature on outdoor PM and GI cancers and to put the body of studies into context regarding potential for bias and overall strength of evidence. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies that evaluated the association of fine PM [PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm (PM2.5)] and PM10 (aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm) with GI cancer incidence or mortality in adults. We searched five databases for original research published from 1980 to 2021 in English and summarized findings for studies employing a quantitative estimate of exposure overall and by specific GI cancer subtypes. We evaluated the risk of bias of individual studies and the overall quality and strength of the evidence according to the Navigation Guide methodology, which is tailored for environmental health research. RESULTS Twenty studies met inclusion criteria and included participants from 14 countries; nearly all were of cohort design. All studies identified positive associations between PM exposure and risk of at least one GI cancer, although in 3 studies these relationships were not statistically significant. Three of 5 studies estimated associations with PM10 and satisfied inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, but each assessed a different GI cancer and were therefore excluded. In the random-effects meta-analysis of 13 studies, PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of GI cancer overall [risk ratio (RR)=1.12; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.24]. The most robust associations were observed for liver cancer (RR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and colorectal cancer (RR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.62), for which all studies identified an increased risk. We rated most studies with "probably low" risk of bias and the overall body of evidence as "moderate" quality with "limited" evidence for this association. We based this determination on the generally positive, but inconsistently statistically significant, effect estimates reported across a small number of studies. CONCLUSION We concluded there is some evidence of associations between PM2.5 and GI cancers, with the strongest evidence for liver and colorectal cancers. Although there is biologic plausibility for these relationships, studies of any one cancer site were few and there remain only a small number overall. Studies in geographic areas with high GI cancer burden, evaluation of the impact of different PM exposure assessment approaches on observed associations, and investigation of cancer subtypes and specific chemical components of PM are important areas of interest for future research. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pritchett
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily C. Spangler
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George M. Gray
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Alicia A. Livinski
- National Institutes of Health Library, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rena R. Jones
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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45
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Dong J, Sun Q, Shang Y, Zhang Y, Tian L, Tu J. Numerical comparison of inspiratory airflow patterns in human nasal cavities with distinct age differences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 38:e3565. [PMID: 34913265 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a primary determinant of nasal physiological functions, the nasal morphology and its effects on the airflow dynamics have been extensively studied in literature. However, gross flow features reported in literature are mostly obtained from subjects at similar ages, while studies focusing on nasal subjects with distinct age differences are significantly less. To advance current understandings of nasal airflow dynamics in the context of age diversity, this study employed three anatomically accurate nasal cavity models with distinct age features (5-, 24- and 77-year-old models) and numerically compared the physiological nasal airflow fields within these nasal cavity models. To demonstrate the validity of the present numerical models, in vivo rhinomanometry measurement was conducted on the 24-year-old female nasal model, and key anatomical features and pressure-flow curves of all three models were compared with models with similar age features in literature work. Apart from results comparison based on conventional velocity flow fields and wall shear stress distributions, a method for quantifying flow partitions in confined airway spaces was developed to reveal the proportions of fractional flow that enters the olfactory region. Our results revealed dramatic intersubject discrepancies between considered nasal cavity models, especially for the fractional flow that enters the olfactory region. Specifically, the 5-year-old girl nasal model received the highest proportion of fractional flow, which accounts for 13.3% ~ 15% of overall inhalation flow rates under different activity levels. For the 24-year-old female model, on the contrary, the olfactory fractional flow was dramatically reduced (with a local to overall percentage around 4.3%-7.7%). Finally, for the elderly subject-77-year-old male model, minimum level of olfactory flux was observed with a local to overall percentage ranging between 3.1% and 4.9% for considered wide range of inhalation flow rates. Therefore, the local flow intersubject variation can reach nearly fourfold. The vast local flow difference is mainly due to the inherent anatomical features (e.g., immature nasal turbinate structure in the child model, the partial narrowing superior nasal valve in the elder model). The results may further lead to discrepant health effects associated with inhalation exposure to airborne particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Dong
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qinyuan Sun
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yidan Shang
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiyuan Tu
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Gurov AV, Yushkina MA, Doronina OM. [Features of topical therapy of inflammatory pathology of nasal cavity]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2022; 87:79-83. [PMID: 36107185 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20228704179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of inflammatory pathology of the nasal cavity at the present stage requires a doctor to clearly understand the physiological mechanisms that implement the main functions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and upper respiratory tract. One of the most important processes that ensure the normal functioning of the respiratory tract is mucociliary clearance. Violations of its work leads to stagnation of mucus and the development of inflammation not only in the nasal cavity, but also in the lower respiratory tract and middle ear cavities. The authors of the article consider the main etiological factors and mechanisms of the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity, discuss approaches to the treatment of these conditions. The authors conclude that in conditions of acute and chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa, accompanied by the secretion of thick viscous mucus, the most effective topical use of the combined preparation, which includes acetylcysteine, tuaminoheptane and sodium hyaluronate. This combination has both mucolytic, vasoconstrictive and protective effects, which increases the effectiveness of the drug and the adherence of patients to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Gurov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Yushkina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O M Doronina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia
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Byber K, Radtke T, Norbäck D, Hitzke C, Imo D, Schwenkglenks M, Puhan MA, Dressel H, Mutsch M. Humidification of indoor air for preventing or reducing dryness symptoms or upper respiratory infections in educational settings and at the workplace. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 12:CD012219. [PMID: 34891215 PMCID: PMC8664457 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012219.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor exposure to dry air during heating periods has been associated with dryness and irritation symptoms of the upper respiratory airways and the skin. The irritated or damaged mucous membrane poses an important entry port for pathogens causing respiratory infections. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of interventions that increase indoor air humidity in order to reduce or prevent dryness symptoms of the eyes, the skin and the upper respiratory tract (URT) or URT infections, at work and in educational settings. SEARCH METHODS The last search for all databases was done in December 2020. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and in the field of occupational safety and health: NIOSHTIC-2, HSELINE, CISDOC and the In-house database of the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Zurich. We also contacted experts, screened reference lists of included trials, relevant reviews and consulted the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). SELECTION CRITERIA We included controlled studies with a parallel group or cross-over design, quasi-randomised studies, controlled before-and-after and interrupted time-series studies on the effects of indoor air humidification in reducing or preventing dryness symptoms and upper respiratory tract infections as primary outcomes at workplace and in the educational setting. As secondary outcomes we considered perceived air quality, other adverse events, sick leave, task performance, productivity and attendance and costs of the intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for eligibility, extracted data and assessed the risks of bias of included studies. We synthesised the evidence for the primary outcomes 'dry eye', 'dry nose', 'dry skin', for the secondary outcome 'absenteeism', as well as for 'perception of stuffiness' as the harm-related measure. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE system. MAIN RESULTS We included 13 studies with at least 4551 participants, and extracted the data of 12 studies with at least 4447 participants. Seven studies targeted the occupational setting, with three studies comprising office workers and four hospital staff. Three of them were clustered cross-over studies with 846 participants (one cRCT), one parallel-group controlled trial (2395 participants) and three controlled before-and-after studies with 181 participants. Five studies, all CTs, with at least 1025 participants, addressing the educational setting, were reported between 1963 and 1975, and in 2018. In total, at least 3933 (88%) participants were included in the data analyses. Due to the lack of information, the results of the risk of bias assessment remained mainly unclear and the assessable risks of bias of included studies were considered as predominantly high. Primary outcomes in occupational setting: We found that indoor air humidification at the workplace may have little to no effect on dryness symptoms of the eye and nose (URT). The only cRCT showed a significant decrease in dry eye symptoms among working adults (odds ratio (OR) 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 0.79) with a low certainty of the evidence. The only cluster non-randomised cross-over study showed a non-significant positive effect of humidification on dryness nose symptoms (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.42) with a low certainty of evidence. We found that indoor air humidification at the workplace may have little and non-significant effect on dryness skin symptoms. The pooled results of two cluster non-RCTs showed a non-significant alleviation of skin dryness following indoor air humidification (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.32) with a low certainty of evidence. Similarly, the pooled results of two before-after studies yielded no statistically significant result (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.47) with very low certainty of evidence No studies reported on the outcome of upper respiratory tract infections. No studies conducted in educational settings investigated our primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes in occupational setting: Perceived stuffiness of the air was increased during the humidification in the two cross-over studies (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.23); (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.61) with low certainty of evidence. Secondary outcomes in educational setting: Based on different measures and settings of absenteeism, four of the six controlled studies found a reduction in absenteeism following indoor air humidification (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.65; OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.96; proportion 4.63% versus 5.08%). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Indoor air humidification at the workplace may have little to no effect on dryness symptoms of the eyes, the skin and the URT. Studies investigating illness-related absenteeism from work or school could only be summarised narratively, due to different outcome measures assessed. The evidence suggests that increasing humidification may reduce the absenteeism, but the evidence is very uncertain. Future RCTs involving larger sample sizes, assessing dryness symptoms more technically or rigorously defining absenteeism and controlling for potential confounders are therefore needed to determine whether increasing indoor air humidity can reduce or prevent dryness symptoms of the eyes, the skin, the URT or URT infections at work and in educational settings over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Byber
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christine Hitzke
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Imo
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Schwenkglenks
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Dressel
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Margot Mutsch
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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García-Fernández A, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113953. [PMID: 34474094 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last years, respiratory diseases represent a clinical concern, being included among the leading causes of death in the world due to the lack of effective lung therapies, mainly ascribed to the pulmonary barriers affecting the delivery of drugs to the lungs. In this way, nanomedicine has arisen as a promising approach to overcome the limitations of current therapies for pulmonary diseases. The use of nanoparticles allows enhancing drug bioavailability at the target site while minimizing undesired side effects. Despite different approaches have been developed for pulmonary delivery of drugs, including the use of polymers, lipid-based nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles, more efforts are required to achieve effective pulmonary drug delivery. This review provides an overview of the clinical challenges in main lung diseases, as well as highlighted the role of nanomedicine in achieving efficient pulmonary drug delivery. Drug delivery into the lungs is a complex process limited by the anatomical, physiological and immunological barriers of the respiratory system. We discuss how nanomedicine can be useful to overcome these pulmonary barriers and give insights for the rational design of future nanoparticles for enhancing lung treatments. We also attempt herein to display more in detail the potential of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as promising nanocarrier for pulmonary drug delivery by providing a comprehensive overview of their application in lung delivery to date while discussing the use of these particles for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba García-Fernández
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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Shamsollahi HR, Kharrazi S, Jahanbin B, Rafieian S, Dehghani MH, Yunesian M. Development of a new method for isolation of urban air particulates deposited in the human lung tissue. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130585. [PMID: 33975238 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matters (PMs) are important pollutants in urban air pollution because of their variable composition. The pulmonary clearance of PMs is critical to prevent long-term immunological responses. This study established a new method for the isolation of probably deposited urban air particulates from the human lung tissue, to investigate the features of uncleared particulates. The lung samples were acellularized with SDS solution of various concentrations ranging from 1 to 10%to lyse cells and release the PMs. In addition, the extracellular matrix (ECM) that remained was digested by proteinase K enzyme. The results of this study demonstrated that an SDS solution of 4% is the optimum concentration for the isolation of settled PMs from the lung tissue. Moreover, the used enzymatic method could separate settled PMs from the lung ECM appropriately. The results exhibited that epithelial cells form 46% of the samples' weight on average, whereas just 20% of isolated PMs were found in this part of the tissue. Both groups of separated PMs tend to agglomerate, but it is significantly higher in cellular isolated PMs. The particles separated from ECM have an agglomeration tendency, which is observable only by FE-SEM imaging. Moreover, we found a major part of urban air PMs deposited in ECM. The established method in this study can be used in future investigations to isolate other types of PMs settled in the lung, such as occupationally inhaled carbonaceous particulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Shamsollahi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sharmin Kharrazi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14177-55469, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behnaz Jahanbin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahab Rafieian
- General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Abstract
BACKGROUND As with other inflammatory diseases, the (dry) cough in COVID-19 patients indicates that mucociliary clearance (MCC) is at least at risk, if not overloaded, damaged or largely inoperable. Coughing is an important secondary mechanism that only takes over bronchial cleansing as a replacement if the MCC has failed. METHOD The review article describes the physiology and pathophysiology of MCC and its possible role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Human and animal studies as well as autopsy reports indicate that MCC could also be important for the COVID-19 pathogenesis. In primary care, MCC plays a major role in inflammatory respiratory diseases. In Germany, drugs for self-medication are approved for treatment and, due to the high quality of studies, are also recommended in the respective guidelines. A symptomatic approach to stabilize the airway barrier would also be conceivable in the early outpatient phase of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wittig
- Leiter Medizin & Klinische Forschung G. Pohl-Boskamp GmbH & Co KG, Arzt für Allgemeinmedizin, Kieler Straße 11, 25551, Hohenlockstedt, Germany.
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