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Kandemir G, Olivers C. Comparing Neural Correlates of Memory Encoding and Maintenance for Foveal and Peripheral Stimuli. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1807-1826. [PMID: 38940724 PMCID: PMC11324249 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Visual working memory is believed to rely on top-down attentional mechanisms that sustain active sensory representations in early visual cortex, a mechanism referred to as sensory recruitment. However, both bottom-up sensory input and top-down attentional modulations thereof appear to prioritize the fovea over the periphery, such that initially peripheral percepts may even be assimilated by foveal processes. This raises the question whether and how visual working memory differs for central and peripheral input. To address this, we conducted a delayed orientation recall task in which an orientation was presented either at the center of the screen or at 15° eccentricity to the left or right. Response accuracy, EEG activity, and gaze position were recorded from 30 participants. Accuracy was slightly but significantly higher for foveal versus peripheral memories. Decoding of EEG recordings revealed a clear dissociation between early sensory and later maintenance signals. Although sensory signals were clearly decodable for foveal stimuli, they were not for peripheral input. In contrast, maintenance signals were equally decodable for both foveal and peripheral memories, suggesting comparable top-down components regardless of eccentricity. Moreover, although memory representations were initially spatially specific and reflected in voltage fluctuations, later during the maintenance period, they generalized across locations, as emerged in alpha oscillations, thus revealing a dynamic transformation within memory from separate sensory traces to what we propose are common output-related codes. Furthermore, the combined absence of reliable decoding of sensory signals and robust presence of maintenance decoding indicates that storage activity patterns as measured by EEG reflect signals beyond primary visual cortex. We discuss the implications for the sensory recruitment hypothesis.
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Zheleznyak L, Liu C, Winter S. Chromatic cues for the sign of defocus in the peripheral retina. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:5098-5114. [PMID: 39296412 PMCID: PMC11407258 DOI: 10.1364/boe.537268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Detecting optical defocus at the retina is crucial for accurate accommodation and emmetropization. However, the optical characteristics of ocular defocus are not fully understood. To bridge this knowledge gap, we simulated polychromatic retinal image quality by considering both the monochromatic wavefront aberrations and chromatic aberrations of the eye, both in the fovea and the periphery (nasal visual field). Our study revealed two main findings: (1) chromatic and monochromatic aberrations interact to provide a signal to the retina (chromatic optical anisotropy) to discern positive from negative defocus and (2) that chromatic optical anisotropy exhibited notable differences among refractive error groups (myopes, emmetropes and hyperopes). These findings could enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of defocus detection and their subsequent implications for myopia control therapies. Further research is needed to explore the retinal architecture's ability to utilize the optical signals identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Len Zheleznyak
- Clerio Vision, Inc., Rochester NY, USA
- Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Simon Winter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Li A, Yang X, Wang W, Huang W, Ding H, Nie K, Zhong T, Hu S, Yang Z, Zhong X. Comparative visual outcomes of the first versus second eye following small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:158. [PMID: 38600456 PMCID: PMC11007869 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the visual outcomes of the first operated eyes with those of the second operated eyes following small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). METHODS A total of 202 patients (404 eyes) underwent SMILE using the tear film mark centration method for myopia and myopic astigmatism correction. Baseline characteristics, objective optical quality, decentered displacement, induced corneal aberrations, and modulation transfer function (MTF) values were assessed. Linear regression analyzed the relationship between decentration and visual quality parameters, including corneal aberrations and MTF values. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in objective visual quality, efficacy, and safety indexes between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The average decentered displacement for the first and second surgical eyes was 0.278 ± 0.17 mm and 0.315 ± 0.15 mm, respectively (P = 0.002). The horizontal coma in the first surgical eyes were notably lower than in the second (P = 0.000). MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, and 20 cycles/degree (c/d) were higher in the first surgical eyes compared to the second (all P < 0.05). Linear regression indicated that high-order aberrations (HOAs), root mean square (RMS) coma, spherical aberration, horizontal coma, vertical coma, and eccentric displacement were all linearly correlated. Furthermore, MTF values exhibited a linear relationship with eccentric displacement across these spatial frequencies. CONCLUSIONS There was no discernible difference in visual acuity, efficacy, or safety between the two operated eyes. Nonetheless, the first operated eyes exhibited reduced decentered displacement and demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of horizontal coma and MTF values compared to the second operated eyes following SMILE. The variations in visual quality parameters were linearly correlated with decentered displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Ke Nie
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Tan Zhong
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Shisi Hu
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhenduo Yang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingwu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, China.
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Lin W, Li N, Liu J, Zhang B, Wei R. Relative corneal refractive power shift and inter-eye differential axial growth in children with myopic anisometropia treated with bilateral orthokeratology. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1203-1213. [PMID: 37930444 PMCID: PMC10994874 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between relative corneal refractive power shift (RCRPS) and axial length growth (ALG) in bilateral myopic anisometropes treated with orthokeratology. METHODS A total of 102 children with myopic anisometropia in this prospective interventional study were randomly assigned to the spectacle group and orthokeratology group. Axial length (AL) and corneal topography was measured at baseline and the 12-month follow-up visit. ALG was defined as the difference between the two measurements, and RCRPS profiles were calculated from two axial maps obtained. RESULTS In the orthokeratology group, the ALG in the more myopic eye (0.06 ± 0.15 mm) was significantly smaller than that in the less myopic eye (0.15 ± 0.15 mm, p < 0.001), and the interocular difference in AL significantly decreased following 1-year treatment, from 0.47 ± 0.32 to 0.38 ± 0.28 mm (p < 0.001). However, in the spectacle group, the ALG was similar between the two eyes, and the interocular difference in AL did not change significantly over one year (all p > 0.05). The interocular difference in ALG in the orthokeratology group was significantly correlated with the interocular difference in RCRPS (dRCRPS, β=-0.003, p < 0.001) and the interocular difference in baseline AL (β=-0.1179, p < 0.001), with R2 being 0.6197. CONCLUSION Orthokeratology was effective in decreasing the magnitude of anisometropia. The interocular variation in RCRPS is an important factor accounting for the reduction of interocular ALG difference in anisomyopic children post-orthokeratology. These results provide insight into establishing eye-specific myopia control guidelines during orthokeratology treatment for myopic anisometropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahe Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Optometry, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA.
| | - Ruihua Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Pusti D, Degre Kendrick C, Wu Y, Ji Q, Jung HW, Yoon G. Widefield wavefront sensor for multidirectional peripheral retinal scanning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4190-4204. [PMID: 37799675 PMCID: PMC10549753 DOI: 10.1364/boe.491412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The quantitative evaluation of peripheral ocular optics is essential in both myopia research and the investigation of visual performance in people with normal and compromised central vision. We have developed a widefield scanning wavefront sensor (WSWS) capable of multidirectional scanning while maintaining natural central fixation at the primary gaze. This Shack-Hartmann-based WSWS scans along any retinal meridian by using a unique scanning method that involves the concurrent operation of a motorized rotary stage (horizontal scan) and a goniometer (vertical scan). To showcase the capability of the WSWS, we tested scanning along four meridians including a 60° horizontal, 36° vertical, and two 36° diagonal scans, each completed within a time frame of 5 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Pusti
- College of Optometry,
University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Chloe Degre Kendrick
- College of Optometry,
University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Yifei Wu
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Qiuzhi Ji
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
- School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Hae Won Jung
- College of Optometry,
University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Geunyoung Yoon
- College of Optometry,
University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
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Lu W, Peng Z, Ding W, Ji R, Tian Y, Zhao C, Leng L. The Influence of Accommodation on Retinal Peripheral Refraction Changes in Different Measurement Areas. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:5553468. [PMID: 37261103 PMCID: PMC10228221 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5553468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The change in refraction caused by accommodation inevitably affects the peripheral defocus state and thus may influence the effect of retinal peripheral myopic defocus measures in myopia control. This study investigated accommodation changes in different peripheral retinas under cycloplegia to help improve myopia control. Methods Fifty-six eyes of fifty-six myopic subjects were recruited for this prospective study. The center and peripheral retina refractions were measured using multispectral refractive topography. The subjects were divided into low-to-moderate myopia group (range: -1.25 D to -6.00 D) and high myopia group (range: -6.25 D to -9.75 D) according to spherical equivalent (SE). The compound tropicamide (0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine) was used to relax the accommodation. The difference between cycloplegia and non-cycloplegia peripheral retinal refraction was analyzed using the t-test. The correlation between eccentricity and changes in peripheral refraction was analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis. Results The manifest refraction of the retina significantly decreased with an increase in eccentricity after cycloplegia. The annular refraction difference value at 50°-53° (ARDV 50-53) showed the largest refraction decrease of 1.31 D compared with the central retinal refraction decrease of 0.84 D. The inferior quadrantal refraction difference value had the least change compared to the other quadrants. The relative peripheral refraction (RPR) changes in refraction difference value (RDV) at 15° (RDV-15), RDV-30, and RDV-45 were less than 0.15 D. When the range of annulus narrowed to 5°, the narrower annulus showed faster change with eccentricity increase in ARDV 30-35, ARDV 35-40, ARDV 40-45, ARDV 45-50, and ARDV 50-53. The RPR was highly correlated with eccentricity (R = 0.938 and P < 0.001). The high myopia group had a greater hyperopic shift in the periphery than the low-to-moderate group after cycloplegia. Conclusions Peripheral refraction showed a significant hyperopic shift after cycloplegia with an increase in eccentricity. The RPR became more hyperopic than the central refraction. The high myopia group showed more hyperopic shifts in the peripheral region. Accommodation should be taken into consideration in peripheral defocus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicong Lu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zisu Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Center of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Ding
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongyuan Ji
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuyin Tian
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenpei Zhao
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Leng
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
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Gupta SK, Chakraborty R, Verkicharla PK. Association between relative peripheral refraction and corresponding electro-retinal signals. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:482-493. [PMID: 36881496 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considering the potential role of the peripheral retina in refractive development and given that peripheral refraction varies significantly with increasing eccentricity from the fovea, we investigated the association between relative peripheral refraction (RPR) and corresponding relative peripheral multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) responses (electro-retinal signals) from the central to the peripheral retina in young adults. METHODS Central and peripheral refraction using an open-field autorefractor and mfERG responses using an electrophysiology stimulator were recorded from the right eyes of 17 non-myopes and 24 myopes aged 20-27 years. The relative mfERG N1, P1 and N2 components (amplitude density and implicit time) of a mfERG waveform were compared with the corresponding RPR measurements at the best-matched eccentricities along the principal meridians, that is at the fovea (0°), horizontal (±5°, ±10° and ± 25°) and vertical meridians (±10° and ± 15°). RESULTS The mean absolute mfERG N1, P1 and N2 amplitude densities (nV/deg2 ) were maximum at the fovea in both non-myopes (N1: 57.29 ± 14.70 nV/deg2 , P1: 106.29 ± 24.46 nV/deg2 , N2: 116.41 ± 27.96 nV/deg2 ) and myopes (N1: 56.25 ± 15.79 nV/deg2 , P1: 100.79 ± 30.81 nV/deg2 , N2: 105.75 ± 37.91 nV/deg2 ), which significantly reduced with increasing retinal eccentricity (p < 0.01). No significant association was reported between the RPR and corresponding relative mfERG amplitudes at each retinal eccentricity (overall Pearson's correlation, r = -0.25 to 0.26, p ≥ 0.09). In addition, the presence of relative peripheral myopia or hyperopia at extreme peripheral retinal eccentricities did not differentially influence the corresponding relative peripheral mfERG amplitudes (p ≥ 0.24). CONCLUSIONS Relative peripheral mfERG signals are not associated with corresponding RPR in young adults. It is plausible that the electro-retinal signals may respond to the presence of absolute hyperopia (and not relative peripheral hyperopia), which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Gupta
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranjay Chakraborty
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pavan Kumar Verkicharla
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,The INFOR Myopia Centre (Prevention and Control), L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Zhang S, Zhang H, Li L, Yang X, Li S, Li X. Effect of treatment zone decentration on axial length growth after orthokeratology. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:986364. [PMID: 36340764 PMCID: PMC9630831 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.986364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of treatment zone (TZ) decentration on axial length growth (ALG) in adolescents after wearing the orthokeratology lenses (OK lenses). Materials and methods This retrospective clinical study selected 251 adolescents who were fitted OK lenses at the Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University (Tianjin, China) from January 2018–December 2018 and wore them continuously for >12 months. The age of the subjects was 8–15 years, spherical equivalent (SE): −1.00 to −5.00 diopter (D), and astigmatism ≤ 1.50 D. The corneal topography were recorded at baseline and 1-, 6-, and 12-month visits, and the axial length (AL) were recorded at baseline and 6-, 12-month visits. The data of the right eye were collected for statistical analysis. Results The subjects were divided into three groups according to the decentration distance of the TZ after wearing lenses for 1 month: 56 cases in the mild (<0.5 mm), 110 in the moderate (0.5–1.0 mm), and 85 in the severe decentration group (>1.0 mm). A significant difference was detected in the ALG between the three groups after wearing lenses for 6 and 12 months (F = 10.223, P < 0.001; F = 13.380, P < 0.001, respectively). Among these, the 6- and 12-month ALG of the mild decentration group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that age, baseline SE, and 1-month decentration distance associated with the 12-month ALG (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The decentration of the TZ of the OK lens affected the growth of the AL in adolescents, i.e., the greater the decentration, the slower the ALG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Zhang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shumao Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xuan Li,
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Ortiz-Peregrina S, Casares-López M, Castro-Torres JJ, Anera RG, Artal P. Effect of peripheral refractive errors on driving performance. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:5533-5550. [PMID: 36425634 PMCID: PMC9664894 DOI: 10.1364/boe.468032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of peripheral refractive errors on driving while performing secondary tasks at 40° of eccentricity was studied in thirty-one young drivers. They drove a driving simulator under 7 different induced peripheral refractive errors (baseline (0D), spherical lenses of +/- 2D, +/- 4D and cylindrical lenses of +2D and +4D). Peripheral visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were also evaluated at 40°. Driving performance was significantly impaired by the addition of myopic defocus (4D) and astigmatism (4D). Worse driving significantly correlated with worse contrast sensitivity for the route in general, but also with worse visual acuity when participants interacted with the secondary task. Induced peripheral refractive errors may negatively impact driving when performing secondary tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ortiz-Peregrina
- Department of Optics, Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Miriam Casares-López
- Department of Optics, Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - José J. Castro-Torres
- Department of Optics, Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Rosario G. Anera
- Department of Optics, Laboratory of Vision Sciences and Applications, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
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Xu Y, Deng J, Zhang B, Xu X, Cheng T, Wang J, Xiong S, Luan M, Zou H, He X, Tang C, Xu X. Higher-order aberrations and their association with axial elongation in highly myopic children and adolescents. Br J Ophthalmol 2022; 107:862-868. [PMID: 35027355 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision-dependent mechanisms play a role in myopia progression in childhood. Thus, we investigated the distribution of ocular and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in highly myopic Chinese children and adolescents and the relationship between HOA components and 1-year axial eye growth. METHODS Baseline cycloplegic ocular and corneal HOAs, axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE), astigmatism and interpupillary distance (IPD) were determined for the right eyes of 458 highly myopic (SE ≤-5.0D) subjects. HOAs were compared among baseline age groups (≤12 years, 13-15 years and 16-18 years). Ninety-nine subjects completed the 1-year follow-up. Linear mixed model analyses were applied to determine the association between HOA components, other known confounding variables (age, gender, SE, astigmatism and IPD) and axial growth. A comparison with data from an early study of moderate myopia were conducted. RESULTS Almost all ocular HOAs and few corneal HOAs exhibited significant differences between different age groups (all p<0.05). After 1 year, only ocular HOA components was significantly negative associated with a longer AL, including secondary horizontal comatic aberration (p=0.019), primary spherical aberration (p<0.001) and spherical HOA (p=0.026). Comparing with the moderate myopia data, the association of comatic aberration with AL growth was only found in high myopia. CONCLUSION In highly myopic children and adolescents, lower levels of annual ocular secondary horizontal comatic aberration changes, besides spherical aberrations, were associated with axial elongation. This suggests that ocular HOA plays a potential role in refractive development in high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Xu
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengli Luan
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangui He
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China .,Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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11
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Romashchenko D, Papadogiannis P, Unsbo P, Lundström L. Simultaneous measurements of foveal and peripheral aberrations with accommodation in myopic and emmetropic eyes. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7422-7433. [PMID: 35003843 PMCID: PMC8713693 DOI: 10.1364/boe.438400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The difference in peripheral retinal image quality between myopic and emmetropic eyes plays a major role in the design of the optical myopia interventions. Knowing this difference under accommodation can help to understand the limitations of the currently available optical solutions for myopia control. A newly developed dual-angle open-field sensor was used to assess the simultaneous foveal and peripheral ( 20 ∘ nasal visual field) wavefront aberrations for five target vergences from -0.31 D to -4.0 D in six myopic and five emmetropic participants. With accommodation, the myopic eyes showed myopic shifts, and the emmetropic eyes showed no change in RPR. Furthermore, RPR calculated from simultaneous measurements showed lower intra-subject variability compared to the RPR calculated from peripheral measurements and target vergence. Other aberrations, as well as modulation transfer functions for natural pupils, were similar between the groups and the accommodation levels, foveally and peripherally. Results from viewing the same nearby target with and without spectacles by myopic participants suggest that the accommodative response is not the leading factor controlling the amplitude of accommodation microfluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Romashchenko
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
- Current address: R&D, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Groningen, 9728 NX, The Netherlands
| | - Petros Papadogiannis
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
| | - Peter Unsbo
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
| | - Linda Lundström
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
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12
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Pusti D, Benito A, Madrid-Valero JJ, Ordoñana JR, Artal P. Disparity between central and peripheral refraction inheritance in twins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12196. [PMID: 34108506 PMCID: PMC8190255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decades have witnessed a sudden increase in myopia incidence among youngsters that have been related to modern lifestyle along with the use of emerging technologies affecting visual exposure. Increasing exposures to known risk factors for myopia, such as time spent indoors, close-distance work, or low-light conditions are thought to be responsible for this public health issue. In most cases, development of myopia is secondary to a vitreous chamber enlargement, although the related mechanisms and the potential interaction between central and peripheral retinal area remain unclear. For a better understanding, we performed a classical twin study where objective refractive error along 70° of horizontal retinal arc was measured in 100 twin pairs of university students, 78% of which showed manifest myopia. We found the variance of shared environmental origin (range 0.34 to 0.67) explained most of the objective refractive error variance within central 42° of the retina (22° temporal to 19° nasal), whereas additive genetic variance (range 0.34 to 0.76) was predominant in the peripheral retinal areas measured. In this sample of millennial university students, with a large prevalence of myopia, environmental exposures were mostly responsible for inter-individual variation in the retinal horizontal area surrounding the macula, while their relative weight on phenotypic variance was gradually descending, and replaced by the variance of genetic origin, towards the retinal periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Pusti
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Benito
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Registro de Gemelos de Murcia, Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain
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13
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Venkataraman AP, Rosén R, Heredia AA, Piers P, Vidal CC, Lundström L. Peripheral vision and hazard detection with average phakic and pseudophakic optical errors. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3082-3090. [PMID: 34221646 PMCID: PMC8221950 DOI: 10.1364/boe.419120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of peripheral optical errors induced by intraocular lenses was evaluated by simulating the average phakic and pseudophakic image qualities. An adaptive optics system was used to simulate the optical errors in 20° nasal and inferior visual field in phakic subjects. Peripheral resolution acuity, contrast sensitivity and hazard detection were evaluated. Pseudophakic errors typical for monofocal designs had a negative effect on resolution acuity and contrast sensitivity and the hazard detection task also showed increased false positive and misses and a longer reaction time compared to phakic optical errors. The induced peripheral pseudophakic optical errors affect the peripheral visual performance and thereby impact functional vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Priya Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Robert Rosén
- Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision, R&D, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Patricia Piers
- Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision, R&D, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Linda Lundström
- Department of Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Richdale K, Cox I, Kollbaum P, Bullimore MA, Bakaraju RC, Gifford P, Plainis S, McKenney C, Newman S, Tomiyama ES, Morgan PB. CLEAR – Contact lens optics. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:220-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Vincent SJ, Cho P, Chan KY, Fadel D, Ghorbani-Mojarrad N, González-Méijome JM, Johnson L, Kang P, Michaud L, Simard P, Jones L. CLEAR - Orthokeratology. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:240-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Romashchenko D, Lundström L. Dual-angle open field wavefront sensor for simultaneous measurements of the central and peripheral human eye. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:3125-3138. [PMID: 32637246 PMCID: PMC7316022 DOI: 10.1364/boe.391548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel dual-angle open field wavefront sensor. This device captures real-time foveal and peripheral Zernike aberrations, while providing natural binocular viewing conditions for the subjects. The simultaneous data recording enables accurate analysis of changes in ocular optics with accommodation overcoming any uncertainties caused by accommodative lag or lead. The instrument will be used in myopia research to study central and peripheral ocular optics during near work and to investigate the effects of optical myopia control interventions. Proof of concept measurements, performed on an artificial eye model and on 3 volunteers, showed good repeatability with foveal-peripheral data synchronization of 65 msec or better. The deviations from subjective cycloplegic refractions were not more than 0.31 D. Furthermore, we tested the dual-angle wavefront sensor in two novel measurement schemes: (1) focusing on a close target, and (2) accommodation step change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Romashchenko
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
| | - Linda Lundström
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
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17
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Papadogiannis P, Romashchenko D, Unsbo P, Lundström L. Lower sensitivity to peripheral hypermetropic defocus due to higher order ocular aberrations. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:300-307. [PMID: 32031730 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many myopia control interventions are designed to induce myopic relative peripheral refraction. However, myopes tend to show asymmetries in their sensitivity to defocus, seeing better with hypermetropic rather than myopic defocus. This study aims to determine the influence of chromatic aberrations (CA) and higher-order monochromatic aberrations (HOA) in the peripheral asymmetry to defocus. METHODS Peripheral (20° nasal visual field) low-contrast (10%) resolution acuity of nine subjects (four myopes, four emmetropes, one hypermetrope) was evaluated under induced myopic and hypermetropic defocus between ±5 D, under four conditions: (a) Peripheral Best Sphere and Cylinder (BSC) correction in white light; (b) Peripheral BSC correction + CA elimination (green light); (c) Peripheral BSC correction + HOA correction in white light; and (d) Peripheral BSC correction + CA elimination + HOA correction. No cycloplegia was used, and all measurements were repeated three times. RESULTS The slopes of the peripheral acuity as a function of positive and negative defocus differed, especially when the natural HOA and CA were present. This asymmetry was quantified as the average of the absolute sum of positive and negative defocus slopes for all subjects (AVS). The AVS was 0.081 and 0.063 logMAR/D for white and green light respectively, when the ocular HOA were present. With adaptive optics correction for HOA, the asymmetry reduced to 0.021 logMAR/D for white and 0.031 logMAR/D for green light, mainly because the sensitivity to hypermetropic defocus increased when HOA were corrected. CONCLUSION The asymmetry was only slightly affected by the elimination of the CA of the eye, whereas adaptive optics correction for HOA reduced the asymmetry. The HOA mainly affected the sensitivity to hypermetropic defocus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Papadogiannis
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Romashchenko
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Unsbo
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Lundström
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Vincent SJ, Read SA. Looking and seeing beyond 2020. Clin Exp Optom 2020; 103:1-2. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Vincent
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia,
| | - Scott A Read
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia,
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