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Liberty IA, Septadina IS, Mariana, Novita E, Amalia R, Ananingsih ES, Hasyim H, Hanifah L. The characteristics and risk of obesity central and concomitant impaired fasting glucose: Findings from a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305604. [PMID: 38917085 PMCID: PMC11198825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is associated with concomitant chronic conditions. An early metabolic consequence of obesity is disruption of glucose and insulin homeostasis. One of the consequences is impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Visceral fat is metabolically more harmful than subcutaneous fat, but few information is available regarding the association between the risk of abnormal glucose in increased waist circumference. METHODS This study is based on a cross sectional of 1,381 population-based from Palembang, Indonesia. The eligibility requirements subject were to be older than 18 and consent to taking fasting glucose and lipid profile tests as well as physical exams measuring their body weight, height, blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and waist circumference. RESULTS The number of subjects consisting of 798 noncentral obesity with normoglycemia, 376 central obesity with normoglycemia, and 207 central obesity with concomitant IFG. The prevalence central obesity with concomitant IFG was 35.51%. In subjects with central obesity, there were significant differences in proportions based on sex, age, marital status, education, and occupation. In multivariate analysis show that the risk factors that contribute to having a significant association with central obesity with concomitant IFG are sex (female), age (>40 years), blood pressure (hypertension), and HDL-C <50 mg/dL (p<0.001). The analysis also founded that there was a significant difference in the dietary pattern of sweet foods (p = 0.018), sweet drinks (p = 0.002), soft drinks (p = 0.001) and smoking habit (p<0.001) between subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG compared to subjects with noncentral obesity. The majority of subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG had consuming these risky foods >6 times/week. CONCLUSION The prevalence of central obesity with IFG is quite high. There are significant differences in the characteristics, lipid profile, blood pressure, dietary pattern, and smoking habit of central obesity with concomitant IFG was confirmed in this population-based observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iche Andriyani Liberty
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Indri Seta Septadina
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Mariana
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Emma Novita
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Resi Amalia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Palembang, Indonesia
| | | | - Hamzah Hasyim
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Laily Hanifah
- Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Mir FA, Mall R, Ullah E, Iskandarani A, Cyprian F, Samra TA, Alkasem M, Abdalhakam I, Farooq F, Taheri S, Abou-Samra AB. An integrated multi-omic approach demonstrates distinct molecular signatures between human obesity with and without metabolic complications: a case-control study. J Transl Med 2023; 21:229. [PMID: 36991398 PMCID: PMC10053148 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the hypothesis that obesity complicated by the metabolic syndrome, compared to uncomplicated obesity, has distinct molecular signatures and metabolic pathways. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 39 participants with obesity that included 21 with metabolic syndrome, age-matched to 18 without metabolic complications. We measured in whole blood samples 754 human microRNAs (miRNAs), 704 metabolites using unbiased mass spectrometry metabolomics, and 25,682 transcripts, which include both protein coding genes (PCGs) as well as non-coding transcripts. We then identified differentially expressed miRNAs, PCGs, and metabolites and integrated them using databases such as mirDIP (mapping between miRNA-PCG network), Human Metabolome Database (mapping between metabolite-PCG network) and tools like MetaboAnalyst (mapping between metabolite-metabolic pathway network) to determine dysregulated metabolic pathways in obesity with metabolic complications. RESULTS We identified 8 significantly enriched metabolic pathways comprising 8 metabolites, 25 protein coding genes and 9 microRNAs which are each differentially expressed between the subjects with obesity and those with obesity and metabolic syndrome. By performing unsupervised hierarchical clustering on the enrichment matrix of the 8 metabolic pathways, we could approximately segregate the uncomplicated obesity strata from that of obesity with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that at least 8 metabolic pathways, along with their various dysregulated elements, identified via our integrative bioinformatics pipeline, can potentially differentiate those with obesity from those with obesity and metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ahmad Mir
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, P.O. Box 9639, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Qatar Computational Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ahmad Iskandarani
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farhan Cyprian
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tareq A Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Meis Alkasem
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahem Abdalhakam
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal Farooq
- Qatar Computational Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
- National Obesity Treatment Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weil Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
- National Obesity Treatment Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weil Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Zhang S, Jiang H, Wang L, Jia X, Zhang J, Wang H, Zhang B, Wang Z, Ding G. Longitudinal relationship between body fat percentage and risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1032130. [PMID: 36523583 PMCID: PMC9744757 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1032130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Body fat percentage (BF%) might be an alternative index of obesity which is the major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aim to longitudinally evaluated the relationship between BF% and risk of T2D. Methods A sample of 5,595 adults aged 18-65 who participated in two waves of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 2015 and 2018) was analyzed. Two level mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance stratified by sex was used to evaluate the risk ratios (RRs) for T2D according to quintiles of BF%, and the curves of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were plotted to identify the optimal total and trunk BF% cut-off points for predicting an increased T2D risk. Results In males, compared with subjects in the first quintile of total BF%, those in the third (RR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.09-3.79), fourth (RR = 2.56, 95%CI 1.46-4.48), and fifth (RR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.22-3.82) quintile had higher risk of T2D after adjusting for all potential confounders (p-trend < 0.001). For females, the RR (95% CI) was 1.92 (1.14, 3.24) in the fifth quintile (p-trend = 0.014). Males and females with a trunk BF% >25.5 and 34.4% (≥ quintile 4), respectively, were at significantly increased risk of T2D (p-trend = 0.001). Besides, the optimal cut-off values of total and trunk BF% were 21.9 and 25.2% for males, and 36.7 and 30.3% for females, respectively. Conclusions The incident risk of T2D significantly increased over specific level of total and trunk BF% in both Chinese males and females, and the optimal BF% cut-off values were valuable for clinical application of BF% based on sex difference, which may be a cost-effective implementation for prevention and treatment of T2D in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Jiang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Liusen Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Jia
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguo Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Wang
| | - Gangqiang Ding
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China,Gangqiang Ding
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Shih YL, Lin Y, Chen JY. The Association between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Metabolic Syndrome in an Elderly Population Aged 50 and Older in a Community Receiving Primary Health Care in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013111. [PMID: 36293692 PMCID: PMC9603035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become the most important issue in family medicine and primary care because it is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that are a burden on health care in many countries. Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), which is elevated in inflammatory situations, can be produced by monocyte-derived macrophages in adipose tissue. People with MetS tend to have more adipose tissue. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between hsCRP and MetS among elderly individuals aged 50 years and older in northern Taiwan. This study was a cross-sectional community-based study that included 400 middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese adults, and 400 participants were eligible for analysis. We divided the participants into a MetS group and a non-MetS group. Pearson's correlations were calculated between hsCRP and other related risk factors. Furthermore, the relationship between hsCRP and MetS was analyzed with logistic regression. People in the MetS group were more likely to have higher hsCRP levels. The Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation with hsCRP. In the logistic regression, hsCRP was significantly associated with MetS, even with the adjustment for BMI, uric acid, age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. In summary, our research indicated that hsCRP could be an independent risk factor for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Shih
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Yuan Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
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Mir FA, Mall R, Iskandarani A, Ullah E, Samra TA, Cyprian F, Parray A, Alkasem M, Abdalhakam I, Farooq F, Abou-Samra AB. Characteristic MicroRNAs Linked to Dysregulated Metabolic Pathways in Qatari Adult Subjects With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937089. [PMID: 35937842 PMCID: PMC9352892 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-associated dysglycemia is associated with metabolic disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known regulators of metabolic homeostasis. We aimed to assess the relationship of circulating miRNAs with clinical features in obese Qatari individuals. METHODS We analyzed a dataset of 39 age-matched patients that includes 18 subjects with obesity only (OBO) and 21 subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome (OBM). We measured 754 well-characterized human microRNAs (miRNAs) and identified differentially expressed miRNAs along with their significant associations with clinical markers in these patients. RESULTS A total of 64 miRNAs were differentially expressed between metabolically healthy obese (OBO) versus metabolically unhealthy obese (OBM) patients. Thirteen out of 64 miRNAs significantly correlated with at least one clinical trait of the metabolic syndrome. Six out of the thirteen demonstrated significant association with HbA1c levels; miR-331-3p, miR-452-3p, and miR-485-5p were over-expressed, whereas miR-153-3p, miR-182-5p, and miR-433-3p were under-expressed in the OBM patients with elevated HbA1c levels. We also identified, miR-106b-3p, miR-652-3p, and miR-93-5p that showed a significant association with creatinine; miR-130b-5p, miR-363-3p, and miR-636 were significantly associated with cholesterol, whereas miR-130a-3p was significantly associated with LDL. Additionally, miR-652-3p's differential expression correlated significantly with HDL and creatinine. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNAs associated with metabolic syndrome in obese subjects may have a pathophysiologic role and can serve as markers for obese individuals predisposed to various metabolic diseases like diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ahmad Mir
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ahmad Iskandarani
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tareq A Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farhan Cyprian
- College of Medicine, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz Parray
- Qatar Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Meis Alkasem
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahem Abdalhakam
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal Farooq
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Jaffiol C, Thomas F, Spira A, Pannier B, Danchin N. Prediabetes and deprivation: A couple at high risk of diabetes. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2021; 69:361-365. [PMID: 34053795 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2021.04.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The higher prevalence of diabetes in deprived populations is well documented but little is known about the risk of diabetes associated with deprivation among pre-diabetic subjects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of diabetes in a population of deprived pre-diabetic patients. METHODS 2743 pre-diabetic subjects identified using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, 16 to 85 years old, 1656 non-deprived and 1087 deprived, had at least two health check-ups at an interval of 4.95 (2.04) vs 3.20 (1.71) years, P<0.0001, respectively. At the first visit, socioeconomic status was assessed using the EPICES score to differentiate deprived and non-deprived subjects. RESULTS At the second visit, the prevalence of overt diabetes was 9.5% among deprived vs 5.1% in the non-deprived group (P<0.001). After adjustment on confounding factors, deprivation was found independently associated with occurrence of diabetes [1.70 (1.15-2.51), P=0.01]. Beyond social deprivation, Fasting Plasma Glucose and waist circumference were the main independent predictors of new-onset diabetes. CONCLUSION After 4 years of follow-up, among subjects with prediabetes, prevalence of diabetes was twice as high among deprived compared with non-deprived subjects. Deprived populations with pre-diabetes may require specific public health approaches to avoid the occurrence of overt diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jaffiol
- National Academy of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - F Thomas
- Research department, The Investigations Préventives et Cliniques (IPC) Center, 6, rue La Perouse, 75116 Paris, France.
| | - A Spira
- National Academy of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - B Pannier
- Research department, The Investigations Préventives et Cliniques (IPC) Center, 6, rue La Perouse, 75116 Paris, France
| | - N Danchin
- Research department, The Investigations Préventives et Cliniques (IPC) Center, 6, rue La Perouse, 75116 Paris, France; University, Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France
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Hajian-Tilaki K, Heidari B. Variations in the pattern and distribution of non-obese components of metabolic syndrome across different obesity phenotypes among Iranian adults' population. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2419-2424. [PMID: 31405653 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association of obesity phenotypes with non-obese components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by considering the presence of general adiposity and central obesity. METHODS We analyzed the data of population-based cross-sectional study of 981 adults' individuals who were community dwelling in urban population of Babol, the north of Iran. The demographic characteristics and anthropometric measures and hypertension were collected with standard method by trained nurses. The fasting blood sugar, CHL, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were measured by enzymatic method. The presence of cardiometabolic risk factors were analyzed according to the combination of obesity phenotypes either overweight/obese or central obese. The logistic regression model was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of obesity phenotypes in compared with normal weight not central obese in association of presence of metabolic abnormality. RESULTS The 394 (40.6%) individuals were both overweight/obese and central obese and 295 (30.1%) persons were "normal weight not central obese" and the minority 28(2.9%) were normal weight but central obese and the remainder 260 (26.5%) were "overweight/obese not central obese". Overweight/obese not central obese increased significantly the odds of presence of ≥2 non-obese components of metabolic abnormality by 2.17 times (95%CI OR: 1.51, 3.13) but the OR was elevated for the joint phenotypes of overweight/obese and central obese (OR = 4.16 (95%CI: 2.85, 6.06) as compare with normal weight not central obese. CONCLUSIONS Overweight/obese alone increased the risk of cardiometabolic abnormality but being overweight/obese and central obese a further elevated the risk compared with "normal weight not central obese".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behzad Heidari
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Ayatollah Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Skinfold thickness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: an analysis of the PERU MIGRANT study. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:63-71. [PMID: 31159908 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between excess body fat, assessed by skinfold thickness, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT). DESIGN Data from the ongoing PERU MIGRANT Study were analysed. The outcomes were T2DM and HT, and the exposure was skinfold thickness measured in bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac areas. The Durnin-Womersley formula and SIRI equation were used for body fat percentage estimation. Risk ratios and population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated using Poisson regression. SETTING Rural (Ayacucho) and urban shantytown district (San Juan de Miraflores, Lima) in Peru. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 988) aged ≥30 years (rural, rural-to-urban migrants, urban) completed the baseline study. A total of 785 and 690 were included in T2DM and HT incidence analysis, respectively. RESULTS At baseline, age mean was 48·0 (sd 12·0) years and 47 % were males. For T2DM, in 7·6 (sd 1·3) years, sixty-one new cases were identified, overall incidence of 1·0 (95 % CI 0·8, 1·3) per 100 person-years. Bicipital and subscapular skinfolds were associated with 2·8-fold and 6·4-fold risk of developing T2DM. On the other hand, in 6·5 (sd 2·5) years, overall incidence of HT was 2·6 (95 % CI 2·2, 3·1) per 100 person-years. Subscapular and overall fat obesity were associated with 2·4- and 2·9-fold risk for developing HT. The PAF for subscapular skinfold was 73·6 and 39·2 % for T2DM and HT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found a strong association between subscapular skinfold thickness and developing T2DM and HT. Skinfold assessment can be a laboratory-free strategy to identify high-risk HT and T2DM cases.
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Liu JX, Zhu L, Li PJ, Li N, Xu YB. Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on glycemic control and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:575-593. [PMID: 30097811 PMCID: PMC6491404 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycemic control and cardiorespiratory fitness compared with moderate-intensity training (MICT) and no training at all in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Relevant articles were sourced from PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized-controlled trials were included based upon the following criteria: participants were clinically diagnosed with T2D, outcomes that included glycemic control (e.g., hemoglobin A1c); body composition (e.g., body weight); cardiorespiratory fitness (e.g., VO2peak) are measured at baseline and post-intervention and compared with either a MICT or control group. Results Thirteen trials involving 345 patients were finally identified. HIIT elicited a significant reduction in BMI, body fat, HbA1c, fasting insulin, and VO2peak in patients with type 2 diabetes. Regarding changes in the body composition of patients, HIIT showed a great improvement in body weight (mean difference: − 1.22 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 2.23 to − 0.18, P = 0.02) and body mass index (mean difference: − 0.40 kg/m2, 95% CI − 0.78 to − 0.02, P = 0.04) than MICT did. Similar results were also found with respect to HbA1c (mean difference: − 0.37, 95% CI − 0.55 to − 0.19, P < 0.0001); relative VO2peak (mean difference: 3.37 ml/kg/min, 95% CI 1.88 to 4.87, P < 0.0001); absolute VO2peak (mean difference: 0.37 L/min, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.45, P < 0.00001). Conclusions HIIT may induce more positive effects in cardiopulmonary fitness than MICT in T2D patients.
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Estrella ML, Pirzada A, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Cai J, Giachello AL, Espinoza Gacinto R, Siega-Riz AM, Daviglus ML. Correlates of and Body Composition Measures Associated with Metabolically Healthy Obesity Phenotype in Hispanic/Latino Women and Men: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). J Obes 2019; 2019:1251456. [PMID: 30775036 PMCID: PMC6350597 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1251456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with "metabolically healthy obesity" (MHO) phenotype (i.e., obesity and absence of cardiometabolic abnormalities: favorable levels of blood pressure, lipids, and glucose) experience lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared with those with "metabolically at-risk obesity" (MAO) phenotype (i.e., obesity with concurrent cardiometabolic abnormalities). Among Hispanic/Latino women and men with obesity, limited data exist on the correlates of and body composition measures associated with obesity phenotypes. Methods Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-2011) were used to estimate the age-adjusted distribution of obesity phenotypes among 5,426 women and men (aged 20-74 years) with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and to compare characteristics between individuals with MHO and MAO phenotypes. Weighted Poisson regression models were used to examine cross-sectional associations between 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in body composition measures (i.e., body fat percentage, waist circumference, and body lean mass) and MHO phenotype prevalence. Results The age-adjusted proportion of the MHO phenotype was low (i.e., 12.5% in women and 6.5% in men). In bivariate analyses, women and men with the MHO phenotype were more likely to be younger, have higher education and acculturation levels, report lower lifetime cigarette use, and have fasting insulin and waist circumference levels than MAO. Adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, among women, each 1-SD increase in body fat percentage, waist circumference, and lean body mass was, respectively, associated with a 21%, 33%, and 31% lower prevalence of the MHO phenotype. Among men, each 1-SD increase in waist circumference and lean body mass was, respectively, associated with a 20% and 15% lower prevalence of the MHO phenotype. Conclusions We demonstrated that higher waist circumference and higher lean body mass were independently associated with a lower proportion of the MHO phenotype in Hispanic/Latino women and men. Findings support the need for weight reduction interventions to manage cardiometabolic health among Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L. Estrella
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu
- Division of Biostatistics, Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Aida L. Giachello
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N Lake Shore Dr Suite, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rebeca Espinoza Gacinto
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- School of Nursing and Departments of Public Health Sciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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11
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Kato JM, Iuamoto LR, Suguita FY, Essu FF, Meyer A, Andraus W. IMPACT OF OBESITY AND SURGICAL SKILLS IN LAPAROSCOPIC TOTALLY EXTRAPERITONEAL HERNIOPLASTY. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2018; 30:169-172. [PMID: 29019555 PMCID: PMC5630207 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201700030002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair is a technically demanding procedure. Recent studies have identified BMI as an independent factor for technical difficulty in the learning period. Aim: To analyze the effect of overweight and obesity on the technical difficulties of TEP. Method: Prospective study on patients who underwent a symptomatic inguinal hernia by means of the TEP technique. Were analyzed gender, BMI, previous surgery, hernia type, operative time and complications. Technical difficulty was defined by operative time, major complications and recurrence. Patients were classified into four groups: 1) underweight, if less than 18,5 kg/m²; 2) normal range if BMI between 18,5 and 24,9 kg/m²; 3) overweight if BMI between 25-29,9 kg/m²; and 4) obese if BMI≥30 kg/m². Results: The cohort had a total of 190 patients, 185 men and 5 women. BMI values ranged from 16-36 kg/m² (average 26 kg/m²). Average operating time was 55.4 min in bilateral hernia (15-150) and 37.8 min in unilateral (13-150). Time of surgery was statistically correlated with increased BMI in the first 93 patients (p=0.049). Conclusion: High BMI and prolonged operative time are undoubtedly correlated. However, this relationship may be statistically significant only in the learning period. Although several clinical features can influence surgical time, upon reaching an experienced level, surgeons appear to easily handle the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Meyer
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplant Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School.,Abdominal Wall Repair Center, Samaritano Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wellington Andraus
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplant Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School
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12
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Watt GP, Fisher-Hoch SP, Rahbar MH, McCormick JB, Lee M, Choh AC, Thanikachalam S, Thanikachalam M. Mexican American and South Asian population-based cohorts reveal high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and crucial differences in metabolic phenotypes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018; 6:e000436. [PMID: 29607048 PMCID: PMC5873536 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prevalence of type 2 diabetes varies by region and ancestry. However, most guidelines for the prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM) are based on European or non-Hispanic white populations. Two ethnic minority populations-Mexican Americans (MAs) in Texas, USA, and South Indians (SIs) in Tamil Nadu, India-have an increasing prevalence of DM. We aimed to understand the metabolic correlates of DM in these populations to improve risk stratification and DM prevention. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC; n=3023) served as the MA sample, and the Population Study of Urban, Rural, and Semi-Urban Regions for the Detection of Endovascular Disease (PURSE; n=8080) served as the SI sample. Using design-based methods, we calculated the prevalence of DM and metabolic comorbidities in each cohort. We determined the association of DM with metabolic phenotypes to evaluate the relative contributions of obesity and metabolic health to the prevalence of DM. RESULTS In the CCHC (overall DM prevalence 26.2%), good metabolic health was associated with lower prevalence of DM, across age groups, regardless of obesity. In PURSE (overall prevalence 27.6%), probability of DM was not strongly associated with metabolic phenotypes, although DM prevalence was high in older age groups irrespective of metabolic health. CONCLUSION Our study provides robust, population-based data to estimate the prevalence of DM and its associations with metabolic health. Our results demonstrate differences in metabolic phenotypes in DM, which should inform DM prevention guidelines in non-European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon P Watt
- Brownsville Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Susan P Fisher-Hoch
- Brownsville Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Mohammad H Rahbar
- Division of Epidemiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph B McCormick
- Brownsville Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Miryoung Lee
- Brownsville Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey C Choh
- Brownsville Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | | | - Mohan Thanikachalam
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Chhezom K, Arslan MI, Hoque MM, Biswas SK. Biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in otherwise healthy overweight subjects in Bangladesh. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 1:S381-S384. [PMID: 28285989 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases were assessed in Bangladeshi overweight subjects categorized by Asian BMI criteria. After screening 300 people, 90 apparently healthy subjects were enrolled and grouped into normal weight, overweight and obese. Compared to normal weight, the overweight and obese groups showed significant elevation of serum triglyceride, insulin, homocysteine, insulin resistance/sensitivity, and atherogenic index of plasma. Cardiometabolic biomarkers did not differ between overweight and obese groups. Some biomarkers showed correlation with BMI in overweight but not in obese group. It was concluded that cardiometabolic biomarkers are elevated in Bangladeshi overweight subjects categorized by Asian BMI criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuenzang Chhezom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Iqbal Arslan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mozammel Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Subrata Kumar Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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14
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Kurotani K, Miyamoto T, Kochi T, Eguchi M, Imai T, Nishihara A, Tomita K, Uehara A, Yamamoto M, Murakami T, Shimizu C, Shimizu M, Nagahama S, Nakagawa T, Honda T, Yamamoto S, Okazaki H, Sasaki N, Hori A, Nishiura C, Kuwahara K, Kuroda R, Akter S, Kashino I, Nanri A, Kabe I, Mizoue T, Kunugita N, Dohi S. Metabolic syndrome components and diabetes incidence according to the presence or absence of impaired fasting glucose: The Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study. J Epidemiol 2017; 27:408-412. [PMID: 28434837 PMCID: PMC5565752 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We prospectively examined the association of diabetes risk with the number of metabolic abnormalities, as well as their combinations, according to the presence or absence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in a large-scale Japanese working population. Methods Participants included 55,271 workers at 11 companies who received periodic health check-ups between 2008 and 2013. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) components were defined using the 2009 Joint Interim Statement. IFG was defined as fasting plasma glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L. Diabetes newly diagnosed after the baseline examination was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. We calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) for diabetes incidence using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results During the follow-up period (median 4.95 years), 3183 subjects developed diabetes. In individuals with normal fasting glucose levels, the risk of diabetes increased steadily with the increasing number of MetS components; the multivariable-adjusted HRs for incident diabetes for the number of MetS components were 2.0, 4.3, 7.0, and 10.0 for one, two, three, or four MetS components, respectively, compared with the absence of components. A similar association was observed among individuals with IFG; the corresponding HRs were 17.6, 23.8, 33.9, and 40.7. The combinations that included central obesity appeared to be more strongly associated with diabetes risk than other combinations with the same number of MetS components within the same glucose status. Conclusions Our findings indicate that risk stratification of individuals by the presence or absence of IFG and the number of MetS components can detect individuals with a high risk of diabetes. We examined diabetes risk by the number and combination of metabolic abnormalities. Diabetes risk increased with the number of abnormalities for a given glucose status. The combinations that included central obesity were strongly associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Kurotani
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Miyamoto
- Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Kimitsu Works, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Taizo Murakami
- Mizue Medical Clinic, Keihin Occupational Health Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chii Shimizu
- Mizue Medical Clinic, Keihin Occupational Health Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makiko Shimizu
- Mizue Medical Clinic, Keihin Occupational Health Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Naoko Sasaki
- Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ai Hori
- Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Kuwahara
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shamima Akter
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kashino
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Nanri
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isamu Kabe
- Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Igarashi R, Fujihara K, Heianza Y, Ishizawa M, Kodama S, Saito K, Hara S, Hanyu O, Honda R, Tsuji H, Arase Y, Sone H. Impact of individual components and their combinations within a family history of hypertension on the incidence of hypertension: Toranomon hospital health management center study 22. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4564. [PMID: 27661014 PMCID: PMC5044884 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a family history (FH) of hypertension is a risk factor for the development of hypertension, only a few studies have investigated in detail the impact of individual components of an FH on incident hypertension. We investigated the impact of individual components and their combinations on the presence or development of hypertension considering obesity, smoking habits, physical activity, and other metabolic parameters.Studied were 12,222 Japanese individuals without hypertension (n = 9,766) and with hypertension (n = 2,456) at the baseline examination. The presence or incidence of hypertension during 5 years after a baseline examination was assessed by the presence of systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or a self-reported history of clinician-diagnosed hypertension. In this prospective study, the odds ratio for incident hypertension was 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22, 1.59) for individuals with any FH of hypertension compared with those without such an FH. Individuals with an FH of hypertension in both parents and one or more grandparents had an odds ratio of 3.05 (95% CI 1.74, 5.36) for hypertension compared with those without an FH of hypertension. FH was associated with incident hypertension independently of other modifiable risk factors such as obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.A parental history of hypertension was an essential component within an FH for incident hypertension. FH of hypertension over two generations with both parents affected was the most important risk factor for incident hypertension. Although an FH is not a modifiable risk factor, modifying other risk factors could contribute to reducing the risk of hypertension even among individuals with a family history of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Igarashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
| | - Masahiro Ishizawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
| | - Kazumi Saito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
| | - Shigeko Hara
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Hanyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
| | | | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuji Arase
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata
- Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital
- Correspondence: Hirohito Sone, Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan (e-mail: )
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16
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Abstract
Obesity is a top public health priority but interventions to reverse the condition have had limited success. About one-in-three obese adults are free of metabolic risk factor clustering and are considered 'healthy', and much attention has focused on the implications of this state for obesity management. Areas covered: We searched for individual studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses which examined correlates and outcomes of metabolically healthy obesity. We discuss the key roles of fat distribution and physical activity in determining healthy vs. unhealthy obesity and report a greatly increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes associated with healthy obesity vs. healthy normal weight, among other outcomes. We argue that despite inconsistencies in the definition, patterns across studies clearly show that healthy obesity is a state of intermediate disease risk. Expert commentary: Given the current state of population-level evidence, we conclude that obesity and metabolic dysfunction are inseparable and that healthy obesity is best viewed only as a state of relative health but not of absolute health. We recommend that weight loss through energy restriction be a stand-alone target in addition to increased physical activity for minimising risk of future disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bell
- a Department of Epidemiology & Public Health , University College London , London , UK
- b School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - M Hamer
- b School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
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17
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Janghorbani M, Soltanian N, Sirous M, Amini M, Iraj B. Risk of diabetes in combined metabolic abnormalities and body mass index categories. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2016; 10:S71-S78. [PMID: 26610402 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study was designed to estimate the progression rates from combination of normal weight, overweight, obesity, and number of metabolic abnormalities (MA) to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a non-diabetic high risk population in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS A total of 1869 non-diabetic first-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with T2D 30-70 years old were examined and followed for a mean (SD) of 7.3 (2.2) years for T2D incidence. At baseline and through follow-up, participants underwent a standard 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS The metabolically healthy overweight and obese at baseline were associated with incidence of T2D, independently of age and gender. Any one MA increased the risk of developing T2D among normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. Those with normal weight and ≥3 MA were over 20 times (odds ratios (OR) 20.21; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.4, 170.4) and those with overweight and ≥3 MA 22.5 times (OR 22.5; 95% CI 3.0, 167.0) and obese with ≥3 MA were 25.4 times (OR 25.4; 95% CI 3.4, 187) more likely to develop T2D than those with normal weight and without MA. Compared with participants without MA, obese individuals with concomitant MA were not significantly more likely to progress to T2D. CONCLUSION Our data provide further evidence that normal weight, overweight and obese individuals with MA had a higher risk of incident T2D than normal weight individuals without MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Janghorbani
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Norredin Soltanian
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehri Sirous
- Departement of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Amini
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bijan Iraj
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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18
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Wu S, Fisher-Hoch SP, Reninger B, Vatcheva K, McCormick JB. Metabolic Health Has Greater Impact on Diabetes than Simple Overweight/Obesity in Mexican Americans. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:4094876. [PMID: 26881247 PMCID: PMC4736910 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4094876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the risk for diabetes in each of 4 categories of metabolic health and BMI. METHODS Participants were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort, a randomly selected Mexican American cohort in Texas on the US-Mexico border. Subjects were divided into 4 phenotypes according to metabolic health and BMI: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy overweight/obese, metabolically unhealthy normal weight, and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese. Metabolic health was defined as having less than 2 metabolic abnormalities. Overweight/obese status was assessed by BMI higher than 25 kg/m(2). Diabetes was defined by the 2010 ADA definition or by being on a diabetic medication. RESULTS The odds ratio for diabetes risk was 2.25 in the metabolically healthy overweight/obese phenotype (95% CI 1.34, 3.79), 3.78 (1.57, 9.09) in the metabolically unhealthy normal weight phenotype, and 5.39 (3.16, 9.20) in metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese phenotype after adjusting for confounding factors compared with the metabolically healthy normal weight phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic health had a greater effect on the increased risk for diabetes than overweight/obesity. Greater focus on metabolic health might be a more effective target for prevention and control of diabetes than emphasis on weight loss alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Wu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Laredo Campus, Laredo, TX 78045, USA
| | - Susan P. Fisher-Hoch
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Campus, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Belinda Reninger
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Campus, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Kristina Vatcheva
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Campus, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Joseph B. McCormick
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Campus, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
- *Joseph B. McCormick:
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19
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Hou JW, Lin CL, Tsai YA, Chang CH, Liao KW, Yu CJ, Yang W, Lee MJ, Huang PC, Sun CW, Wang YH, Lin FR, Wu WC, Lee MC, Pan WH, Chen BH, Wu MT, Chen CC, Wang SL, Lee CC, Hsiung CA, Chen ML. The effects of phthalate and nonylphenol exposure on body size and secondary sexual characteristics during puberty. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2015; 218:603-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Dobson R, Burgess MI, Sprung VS, Irwin A, Hamer M, Jones J, Daousi C, Adams V, Kemp GJ, Shojaee-Moradie F, Umpleby M, Cuthbertson DJ. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity: differential effects on myocardial function according to metabolic syndrome, rather than obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:153-61. [PMID: 26271188 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term 'metabolically healthy obese (MHO)' is distinguished using body mass index (BMI), yet BMI is a poor index of adiposity. Some epidemiological data suggest that MHO carries a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality than being normal weight yet metabolically unhealthy. OBJECTIVES We aimed to undertake a detailed phenotyping of individuals with MHO by using imaging techniques to examine ectopic fat (visceral and liver fat deposition) and myocardial function. We hypothesised that metabolically unhealthy individuals (irrespective of BMI) would have adverse levels of ectopic fat and myocardial dysfunction compared with MHO individuals. SUBJECTS Individuals were categorised as non-obese or obese (BMI ⩾30 kg m(-2)) and as metabolically healthy or unhealthy according to the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. METHODS Sixty-seven individuals (mean±s.d.: age 49±11 years) underwent measurement of (i) visceral, subcutaneous and liver fat using magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, (ii) components of metabolic syndrome, (iii) cardiorespiratory fitness and (iv) indices of systolic and diastolic function using tissue Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS Cardiorespiratory fitness was similar between all groups; abdominal and visceral fat was highest in the obese groups. Compared with age- and BMI-matched metabolically healthy counterparts, the unhealthy (lean or obese) individuals had higher liver fat and decreased early diastolic strain rate, early diastolic tissue velocity and systolic strain indicative of subclinical systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The magnitude of dysfunction correlated with the number of components of metabolic syndrome but not with BMI or with the degree of ectopic (visceral or liver) fat deposition. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial dysfunction appears to be related to poor metabolic health rather than simply BMI or fat mass. These data may partly explain the epidemiological evidence on CVD risk relating to the different obesity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dobson
- Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M I Burgess
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK
| | - V S Sprung
- Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Irwin
- Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Hamer
- National Centre Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - J Jones
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Daousi
- Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - V Adams
- Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G J Kemp
- Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Shojaee-Moradie
- Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - M Umpleby
- Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - D J Cuthbertson
- Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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21
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de Abreu L, Holloway KL, Kotowicz MA, Pasco JA. Dysglycaemia and Other Predictors for Progression or Regression from Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes or Normoglycaemia. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:373762. [PMID: 26273669 PMCID: PMC4530268 DOI: 10.1155/2015/373762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus is a growing health problem worldwide. This study aimed to describe dysglycaemia and determine the impact of body composition and clinical and lifestyle factors on the risk of progression or regression from impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to diabetes or normoglycaemia in Australian women. METHODS This study included 1167 women, aged 20-94 years, enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors for progression to diabetes or regression to normoglycaemia (from IFG), over 10 years of follow-up. RESULTS At baseline the proportion of women with IFG was 33.8% and 6.5% had diabetes. Those with fasting dysglycaemia had higher obesity-related factors, lower serum HDL cholesterol, and lower physical activity. Over a decade, the incidence of progression from IFG to diabetes was 18.1 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI, 10.7-28.2). Fasting plasma glucose and serum triglycerides were important factors in both progression to diabetes and regression to normoglycaemia. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a transitional process; those with IFG had risk factors intermediate to normoglycaemics and those with diabetes. This investigation may help target interventions to those with IFG at high risk of progression to diabetes and thereby prevent cases of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. de Abreu
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 285 Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Kara L. Holloway
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 285 Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- *Kara L. Holloway:
| | - Mark A. Kotowicz
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 285 Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Department of Medicine, NorthWest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Julie A. Pasco
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, 285 Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Department of Medicine, NorthWest Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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