Butterfly effect and acne—The role of diet

The butterfly effect in oral and maxillofacial surgery: Understanding and applying chaos theory and complex systems principles

The present paper provides a historical context for chaos theory, originating in the 1960s with Edward Norton Lorenz's efforts to predict weather patterns. It introduces chaos theory, fractal geometry, nonlinear dynamics, and the butterfly effect, highlighting their exploration of complex systems. The authors aim to bridge the gap between chaos theory and oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) through a literature review, exploring its applications and emphasizing the prevention of minor deviations in OMFS to avoid significant consequences. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The selection process adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and Leiden Manifesto principles. Articles focusing on chaos theory principles in health sciences, published in the last two decades, were included. The review encompassed 37 articles after screening 386 works. It revealed applications in outcome variation, surgical planning, simulations, decision-making, and emerging technologies. Potential applications include predicting infections, malignancies, dental fractures, and improving decision-making through disease prediction systems. Emerging technologies, despite criticisms, indicate advancements in AI integration, contributing to enhanced diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment strategies. Chaos theory, a distinct scientific framework, holds potential to revolutionize OMFS. Its integration with advanced techniques promises personalized, less traumatic surgeries and improved patient care. The interdisciplinary synergy of chaos theory and emerging technologies presents a future in which OMFS practices become more efficient, less traumatic, and achieve a level of precision never seen before.

Is it really ever 'just acne'? Considering the psychodermatology of acne

Acne can create a significant burden for people of all ages. However, the psychological consequences might often be overlooked. This review comments on recent evidence in the field of psychodermatology, to highlight the importance of considering a person's mental health in the treatment of acne. A range of presenting issues are discussed, and cases of underserved patients needing additional considerations are highlighted. This article considers how the psychological sequelae can contribute to the pathogenesis of acne, and discusses how psychotherapeutic approaches can be of benefit to people experiencing appearance-related distress. Importantly, attention is paid to the need for clinicians to assess a patient's wellbeing alongside their physical symptoms. In doing this, early intervention can be facilitated if psychological comorbidities are present, with referral to appropriate specialist services, where available. To improve treatment outcomes, the skin and the mind must be addressed together in a multidisciplinary approach to dermatology care.

The influence of cosmetics dedicated to oily and acne-prone skin on skin parameters

INTRODUCTION

Patient compliance with care recommendations is closely related to the role of cosmetics in delaying or preventing the side effects of medications used to treat acne.

METHODS

A total of 33 volunteers with symptoms of acne vulgaris were qualified for the study. The skin parameters were measured before the experiment, after the 4 and at the 8 weeks of use. The measurements were subject to moisturizing the skin and secretion of sebum and skin color. A skin acoustic parameters using high-frequency ultrasound (33 MHz) was also performed. The recorded images were used to determine the epidermal entrance echo thickness and echo density of dermis.

RESULTS

The results show a change in the value of skin parameters during the 8-week application of a specific skin care procedure. The secretion of sebum did not change significantly, there was a decrease in hydration, and the level of melanin and hemoglobin remained at the same level. The thickness of the epidermis entrance echo in the ultrasound image was thinned.

CONCLUSION

For many mild/moderate acne patients, cosmetics proven to be effective and well tested in clinical trials can offer a real benefit in reducing both inflammation, sebum production, melanin, and irritation, but should also be moisturizing.

The Link Between Obesity and the Skin

Obesity as a multi-organ disease that affects the entire human organism. Notably, the skin is no exclusion from this postulate. Skin changes in obese patients have been widely studied with regards to mechanical friction, skin infections, and skin hypertrophic conditions, such as acanthosis nigricans and, most commonly, fibromas (skin tags). Almost 60–70% of obese patients present with a variety of skin changes. Herein, we discuss our own experience and review the complex skin changes in obesity. The role of metabolic syndrome and obesity are responsible for the epidemiological prevalence and are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and skin malignancies. Here, we comment on the role of nutritional interventions in these patients as it has been proven that low-calorie diet and weight loss is related to improvement of inflammatory skin diseases. The readership of this paper will receive up-to-date overview on the connection between obesity and the skin that is of a practical importance to any clinician working in the field.

Psychodermatology of acne: Psychological aspects and effects of acne vulgaris

INTRODUCTION

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin condition seen commonly in adolescence and young adulthood. Despite being a frequent and nonthreatening life condition, acne has a significant psychological impact and comorbidity.

AIMS

This review will describe prevalence, common clinical features, different clinical presentations, differential diagnoses, and treatment recommendation. Special focus has been put on psychological aspects.

METHODS

We conducted a literature search on PubMed from January 2001 to June 2020 with the search terms of Acne vulgaris, psychological, adolescents, anxiety, suicide, mood disorders. Reference lists of identified articles were examined for further relevant studies. The search was limited to English language articles. No specified quality criteria were used for study inclusion.

RESULTS

The clinical manifestations of acne are very important in the differential diagnosis and its psychological implications.

CONCLUSION

Through this article, we conclude that despite being a frequent and nonthreatening life condition, acne has a significant psychological impact which requires effective treatment to improve the patient's skin and self-esteem.