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Meng M, Ge B, Lei W, Wu Y, Tian M, Lu Y, Shao T, Yang Y, Luo X, Luo J, Gao Y, Li Q, Chen Y. Paediatric off-label use of drugs in Gansu, China: a multicentre cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078126. [PMID: 38740506 PMCID: PMC11097813 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the current prevalence and cost of paediatric off-label drug prescriptions in Gansu, China, and the potential influencing factors. DESIGN The prevalence of off-label prescriptions in paediatrics was evaluated according to the National Medical Products Administration drug instructions in the China Pharmaceutical Reference (China Pharmaceutical Reference, MCDEX) database. The evidence of the prescription was determined by existing clinical practice guidelines and the Thomson Grade in the Micromedex 2021 compendium. We used logistic regression to investigate the characteristics that influence paediatric off-label drug use after single-factor regression analysis. SETTING A multicentre cross-sectional study of outpatient paediatric prescriptions in 196 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Gansu Province, China, in March and September 2020. RESULTS We retrieved 104 029 paediatric prescriptions, of which 39 480 (38.0%) contained off-label use. The most common diseases treated by off-label drugs were respiratory system diseases (n=15 831, 40.1%). A quarter of off-label prescriptions had adequate evidence basis (n=10 130, 25.6%). Unapproved indications were the most common type of off-label drug use (n=25 891, 65.6%). A total of 1177 different drugs were prescribed off-label, with multienzyme tablets being the most common drug (n=1790, 3.5%). The total cost of the prescribed off-label drugs was ¥106 116/day. Off-label prescriptions were less frequent in tertiary than in secondary hospitals. Topical preparations were more commonly prescribed off-label than other types of drugs. Senior-level clinicians prescribed drugs off-label more often than intermediate and junior clinicians. CONCLUSION Off-label drug use is widespread in paediatric practice in China. Three-quarters of the prescriptions may potentially include inappropriate medication use, resulting in a daily economic burden of about ¥81 000 in 2020 in Gansu Province with 25 million inhabitants. The management of off-label drug use in paediatrics in China needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Meng
- Chevidence Lab Child & Adolescent Health Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Provincial People's Hospital of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yali Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingji Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xufei Luo
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qiu Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Chevidence Lab Child & Adolescent Health Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, China
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Research Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017),School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge Translation, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University GRADE Center, Lanzhou, China
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Li G, Wang N, Zhang Y, Wei W, Lu H, Zhai S, Zhang C. Recommendations for Off-Label Drug Use in Ophthalmology in China: A Clinical Practice Guideline. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919688. [PMID: 35685634 PMCID: PMC9171102 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Off-label drugs use is widespread in ophthalmology due to the delay in drug approvals and package inserts update. It has been found to vary among different medical institutions in China, leading to safety problems since inappropriate use. Guidance is urgently needed regarding how best to use the drugs for unapproved indications and routes of administration. We aimed to develop an evidence-based guideline to guide off-label drugs used in ophthalmology in China. The practice guideline was developed by the Hospital Pharmacy Professional Committee, Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, following the WHO handbook for guideline development. The guideline was initially registered in the International Practice Guidelines Registry Platform (IPGRP-2021CN096). The clinical questions included in the guideline were identified through a three-round Delphi vote. Databases search was performed in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Database from their inception to 31 March 2021. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses for each clinical question were conducted individually to synthesize available scientific evidence. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence and grade the recommendations' strengths. The multidisciplinary guideline groups were set up, including ophthalmologists, pharmacists, methodology experts, pharmacologists, pharmacoeconomists, and lawyers. The guideline identified 25 clinical questions included. A total of 32 systematic reviews, including 24 conducted by the systematic review group and eight high-relevance published within 2 years, were referred to address these questions. Finally, the guideline presented 32 recommendations addressing 25 clinical questions, involving five strong recommendations and 27 weak recommendations for the treatment of ocular fundus, corneal disease, glaucoma, and endophthalmitis. Current evidence from clinical studies supports the off-label drugs used in ophthalmology. We developed an evidence-based guideline using a rigorous multidisciplinary approach to guide these usages in route clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Suodi Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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